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Vav proteins maintain epithelial traits in breast cancer cells using miR-200c-dependent and independent mechanisms. Oncogene 2018; 38:209-227. [PMID: 30087437 PMCID: PMC6230471 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0433-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The bidirectional regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transitions (EMT) is key in tumorigenesis. Rho GTPases regulate this process via canonical pathways that impinge on the stability of cell-to-cell contacts, cytoskeletal dynamics, and cell invasiveness. Here, we report that the Rho GTPase activators Vav2 and Vav3 utilize a new Rac1-dependent and miR-200c-dependent mechanism that maintains the epithelial state by limiting the abundance of the Zeb2 transcriptional repressor in breast cancer cells. In parallel, Vav proteins engage a mir-200c-independent expression prometastatic program that maintains epithelial cell traits only under 3D culture conditions. Consistent with this, the depletion of endogenous Vav proteins triggers mesenchymal features in epithelioid breast cancer cells. Conversely, the ectopic expression of an active version of Vav2 promotes mesenchymal-epithelial transitions using E-cadherin-dependent and independent mechanisms depending on the mesenchymal breast cancer cell line used. In silico analyses suggest that the negative Vav anti-EMT pathway is operative in luminal breast tumors. Gene signatures from the Vav-associated proepithelial and prometastatic programs have prognostic value in breast cancer patients.
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52
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Papadaki C, Stratigos M, Markakis G, Spiliotaki M, Mastrostamatis G, Nikolaou C, Mavroudis D, Agelaki S. Circulating microRNAs in the early prediction of disease recurrence in primary breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2018; 20:72. [PMID: 29996899 PMCID: PMC6042266 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-018-1001-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In primary breast cancer metastases frequently arise from a state of dormancy that may persist for extended periods of time. We investigated the efficacy of plasma micro-RNA (miR)-21, miR-23b, miR-190, miR-200b and miR-200c, related to dormancy and metastasis, to predict the outcome of patients with early breast cancer. Methods miRNAs were evaluated by RT-qPCR in plasma obtained before adjuvant chemotherapy. miRNA expression, classified as high or low according to median values, correlated with relapse and survival. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to determine miRNA sensitivity and specificity. Results miR-21 (p < 0.001), miR-23b (p = 0.028) and miR-200c (p < 0.001) expression were higher and miR-190 was lower (p = 0.013) in relapsed (n = 49), compared to non-relapsed patients (n = 84). Interestingly, miR-190 was lower (p = 0.0032) in patients with early relapse (at < 3 years; n = 23) compared to those without early relapse (n = 110). On the other hand, miR-21 and miR-200c were higher (p = 0.015 and p < 0.001, respectively) in patients with late relapse (relapse at ≥ 5 years; n = 20) as compared to non-relapsed patients. High miR-200c was associated with shorter disease-free survival (DFS) (p = 0.005) and high miR-21 with both shorter DFS and overall survival (OS) (p < 0.001 and p = 0.033, respectively) compared to low expression. ROC curve analysis revealed that miR-21, miR-23b, miR-190 and miR-200c discriminated relapsed from non-relapsed patients. A combination of of miR-21, miR-23b and miR-190 showed higher sensitivity and specificity in ROC analyses compared to each miRNA alone; accuracy was further improved by adding lymph node infiltration and tumor grade to the panel of three miRs (AUC 0.873). Furthermore, the combination of miR-200c, lymph node infiltration, tumor grade and estrogen receptor predicted late relapse (AUC 0.890). Conclusions Circulating miRNAs are differentially expressed among relapsed and non-relapsed patients with early breast cancer and predict recurrence many years before its clinical detection. Our results suggest that miRNAs represent potential circulating biomarkers in early breast cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13058-018-1001-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chara Papadaki
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Michalis Stratigos
- Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, 1352 PO BOX, 711 10, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Georgios Markakis
- Department of Agricultural, Technological Education Institute of Heraklion, 72100, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Maria Spiliotaki
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Georgios Mastrostamatis
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Christoforos Nikolaou
- Computational Genomics Group, Department of Biology, University of Crete, 70013, Heraklion, Greece.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, 70013, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Mavroudis
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.,Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, 1352 PO BOX, 711 10, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Sofia Agelaki
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece. .,Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, 1352 PO BOX, 711 10, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
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53
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Atlante S, Visintin A, Marini E, Savoia M, Dianzani C, Giorgis M, Sürün D, Maione F, Schnütgen F, Farsetti A, Zeiher AM, Bertinaria M, Giraudo E, Spallotta F, Cencioni C, Gaetano C. α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase inhibition counteracts breast cancer-associated lung metastasis. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:756. [PMID: 29988033 PMCID: PMC6037705 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0802-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis formation requires active energy production and is regulated at multiple levels by mitochondrial metabolism. The hyperactive metabolism of cancer cells supports their extreme adaptability and plasticity and facilitates resistance to common anticancer therapies. In spite the potential relevance of a metastasis metabolic control therapy, so far, limited experience is available in this direction. Here, we evaluated the effect of the recently described α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (KGDH) inhibitor, (S)-2-[(2,6-dichlorobenzoyl) amino] succinic acid (AA6), in an orthotopic mouse model of breast cancer 4T1 and in other human breast cancer cell lines. In all conditions, AA6 altered Krebs cycle causing intracellular α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) accumulation. Consequently, the activity of the α-KG-dependent epigenetic enzymes, including the DNA demethylation ten-eleven translocation translocation hydroxylases (TETs), was increased. In mice, AA6 injection reduced metastasis formation and increased 5hmC levels in primary tumours. Moreover, in vitro and in vivo treatment with AA6 determined an α-KG accumulation paralleled by an enhanced production of nitric oxide (NO). This epigenetically remodelled metabolic environment efficiently counteracted the initiating steps of tumour invasion inhibiting the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Mechanistically, AA6 treatment could be linked to upregulation of the NO-sensitive anti-metastatic miRNA 200 family and down-modulation of EMT-associated transcription factor Zeb1 and its CtBP1 cofactor. This scenario led to a decrease of the matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3) and to an impairment of 4T1 aggressiveness. Overall, our data suggest that AA6 determines an α-KG-dependent epigenetic regulation of the TET-miR200-Zeb1/CtBP1-MMP3 axis providing an anti-metastatic effect in a mouse model of breast cancer-associated metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Atlante
- Division of Cardiovascular Epigenetics, Department of Cardiology, Goethe University, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Alessia Visintin
- Laboratory of Transgenic Mouse Models, Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO, IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Marini
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Matteo Savoia
- Division of Cardiovascular Epigenetics, Department of Cardiology, Goethe University, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Chiara Dianzani
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Marta Giorgis
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Duran Sürün
- Laboratory of Transgenic Mouse Models, Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO, IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Federica Maione
- Laboratory of Transgenic Mouse Models, Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO, IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Frank Schnütgen
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, 60596, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Antonella Farsetti
- Istituto di Biologia Cellulare e Neurobiologia (IBCN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), 00143, Roma, Italy
| | - Andreas M Zeiher
- Internal Medicine Clinic III, Department of Cardiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Massimo Bertinaria
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Enrico Giraudo
- Laboratory of Transgenic Mouse Models, Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO, IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Francesco Spallotta
- Division of Cardiovascular Epigenetics, Department of Cardiology, Goethe University, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Chiara Cencioni
- Division of Cardiovascular Epigenetics, Department of Cardiology, Goethe University, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. .,Istituto di Biologia Cellulare e Neurobiologia (IBCN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), 00143, Roma, Italy.
| | - Carlo Gaetano
- Laboratorio di Epigenetica, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Via Maugeri 4, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
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Abstract
Loss of miR-200c is correlated to advanced cancer-subtypes due to increased EMT and decreased treatment efficacy by chemotherapeutics. As miRNAs regulate a multitude of targets, the analysis of differentially expressed proteins upon a genomic knock-out (KO) is of interest. In this study, we generated a TALENs KO of miR-200c in MCF7 breast cancer cells, excluded its compensation by family-members and evaluated the impact on the proteome by analyzing three individual KO-clones. We identified 26 key proteins and a variety of enrichments in metabolic and cytoskeletal pathways. In six of these targets (AGR2, FLNA/B, ALDH7A1, SCIN, GSTM3) the differential expression was additionally detected at mRNA level. Together, these alterations in protein abundance accounted for the observed biological phenotypes, i.e. increased migration and chemoresistance and altered metabolism, found in the miR-200c-KO clones. These findings provide novel insights into miR-200c and pave the way for further studies.
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55
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The miR-200b/200a/429 cluster prevents metastasis and induces dormancy in a murine claudin-low mammary tumor cell line. Exp Cell Res 2018; 369:17-26. [PMID: 29702103 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The miR-200 family of microRNAs consisting of miR-141, miR-200a, miR-200b, miR-200c and miR-429 are emerging as important regulators of breast cancer progression. This family of microRNAs maintain mammary epithelial identity and downregulation of miR-200 expression has been associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in mammary tumors. Therefore, re-expression of one or more miR-200 family members in mammary tumor cells with mesenchymal characteristics may restore an epithelial phenotype including growth and metastasis suppression. To test this hypothesis, the miR-200b/200a/429 cluster was re-expressed in a murine claudin-low cell line, RJ423. Re-expression of the miR-200b/200a/429 cluster in RJ423 cells significantly suppressed the expression of Vim, Snai1, Twist1, Twist2 and Zeb1, reverted RJ423 cells to a more epithelial morphology and significantly inhibited proliferation in vitro. Moreover, the miR-200b/200a/429 cluster prevented lung metastasis in an experimental metastasis model and although tumor initiation was not prevented, re-expression of the miR-200b/200a/429 cluster induced a dormancy-like state where mammary tumors failed to grow beyond ~150 mm3 or grew extremely slowly following intra-mammary injection. These dormant tumors contained elevated levels of collagen and were highly vascularized. Therefore, re-expression of the miR-200b/200a/429 cluster in the claudin-low mammary tumor cell line, RJ423, is sufficient to alter cell morphology, impair metastasis and induce tumor dormancy.
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56
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Dual role of E-cadherin in the regulation of invasive collective migration of mammary carcinoma cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4986. [PMID: 29563585 PMCID: PMC5862898 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22940-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this article, we explore a non-canonical form of collective cell migration, displayed by the metastatic murine mammary carcinoma cell line 4T1. We show here that in sparsely plated 4T1 cells, E-cadherin levels are moderately reduced (~50%), leading to the development of collective migration, whereby cells translocate in loose clusters, interconnected by thin membrane tethers. Knocking down E-cadherin blocked tether formation in these cells, leading to enhancement of migration rate and, at the same time, to suppression of lung metastases formation in vivo, and inhibition of infiltration into fibroblast monolayers ex vivo. These findings suggest that the moderate E-cadherin levels present in wild-type 4T1 cells play a key role in promoting cancer invasion and metastasis.
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57
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Neophytou C, Boutsikos P, Papageorgis P. Molecular Mechanisms and Emerging Therapeutic Targets of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Metastasis. Front Oncol 2018. [PMID: 29520340 PMCID: PMC5827095 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer represents a highly heterogeneous disease comprised by several subtypes with distinct histological features, underlying molecular etiology and clinical behaviors. It is widely accepted that triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive subtypes, often associated with poor patient outcome due to the development of metastases in secondary organs, such as the lungs, brain, and bone. The molecular complexity of the metastatic process in combination with the lack of effective targeted therapies for TNBC metastasis have fostered significant research efforts during the past few years to identify molecular “drivers” of this lethal cascade. In this review, the most current and important findings on TNBC metastasis, as well as its closely associated basal-like subtype, including metastasis-promoting or suppressor genes and aberrantly regulated signaling pathways at specific stages of the metastatic cascade are being discussed. Finally, the most promising therapeutic approaches and novel strategies emerging from these molecular targets that could potentially be clinically applied in the near future are being highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiana Neophytou
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
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58
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MicroRNA-182 drives colonization and macroscopic metastasis via targeting its suppressor SNAI1 in breast cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:4629-4641. [PMID: 27894095 PMCID: PMC5354860 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a multi-step process. Tumor cells occur epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to start metastasis, then, they need to undergo a reverse progression of EMT, mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET), to colonize and form macrometastases at distant organs to complete the whole process of metastasis. Although microRNAs (miRNAs) functions in EMT process are well established, their influence on colonization and macrometastases formation remains unclear. Here, we established an EMT model in MCF-10A cells with SNAI1 overexpression, and characterized some EMT-related microRNAs. We identified that miR-182, which was directly suppressed by SNAI1, could enable an epithelial-like state in breast cancer cells in vitro, and enhance colonization and macrometastases in vivo. Subsequent studies showed that miR-182 exerted its function through targeting its suppressor SNAI1. Moreover, higher expression level of miR-182 was detected in metastatic lymph nodes, compared with paired primary tumor tissues. In addition, the expression level of miR-182 was negatively correlated with that of SNAI1 in these clinical specimens. Taking together, our findings describe the role of miR-182 in colonization and macrometastases in breast cancer for the first time, and provide a promise for diagnosis or therapy of breast cancer metastasis.
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59
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Wang J, Ye C, Xiong H, Shen Y, Lu Y, Zhou J, Wang L. Dysregulation of long non-coding RNA in breast cancer: an overview of mechanism and clinical implication. Oncotarget 2018; 8:5508-5522. [PMID: 27732939 PMCID: PMC5354927 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which occupy nearly 98% of genome, have crucial roles in cancer development, including breast cancer. Breast cancer is a disease with high incidence. Despite of recent progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms and combined therapy strategies, the functions and mechanisms of lncRNAs in breast cancer remains unclear. This review presents the currently basic knowledge and research approaches of lncRNAs. We also highlight the latest advances of seven classic lncRNAs and three novel lncRNAs in breast cancer, elucidating their mechanisms and possible therapeutic targets. Additionally, association between lncRNA and specific molecular subtype of breast cancer is reported. Lastly, we briefly delineate the potential roles of lncRNAs in clinical applications as biomarkers and treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chenyang Ye
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention & Intervention, National Ministry of Education), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hanchu Xiong
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong Shen
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jichun Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linbo Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Biomedical Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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60
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Lee JY, Yun SJ, Jeong P, Piao XM, Kim YH, Kim J, Subramaniyam S, Byun YJ, Kang HW, Seo SP, Kim J, Kim JM, Yoo ES, Kim IY, Moon SK, Choi YH, Kim WJ. Identification of differentially expressed miRNAs and miRNA-targeted genes in bladder cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 9:27656-27666. [PMID: 29963227 PMCID: PMC6021253 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Differentially expressed genes and their post-transcriptional regulator-microRNAs (miRNAs), are potential keys to pioneering cancer diagnosis and treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate how the miRNA-mRNA interactions might affect the tumorigenesis of bladder cancer (BC) and to identify specific miRNA and mRNA genetic markers in the two BC types: non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Results We identified 227 genes that interacted with 54 miRNAs in NMIBC, and 14 genes that interacted with 10 miRNAs in MIBC. Based on this data, we found extracellular matrix-related genes are highly enriched in NMIBC while genes related to core nuclear division are highly enriched in MIBC. Furthermore, using a transcriptional regulatory element database, we found indirect regulatory transcription factors (TFs) for enriched genes could regulate tumorigenesis with or without miRNAs. Materials and methods Tissue samples from 234 patients histologically diagnosed with BC and 83 individuals without BC were analyzed using microarray and next-generation sequencing technology, and we used different cut-offs to identify differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNAs in NMIBC and MIBC. The selected mRNAs and miRNAs were paired using validated target datasets and according to inverse expression relationships. MiRNA interacted genes were compared with the TF-regulating genes in BC. Meanwhile, pathway enrichment analysis was performed to identify the functions of selected miRNAs and genes. Conclusions Identification of differential gene expression in specific tumor types could facilitate development of cancer diagnosis and aid in the early detection of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Young Lee
- Department of Business Data Convergence, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.,Microarray Division, Theragen Etex Bio Institute, Suwon, Republic of Korea.,Microarray Division, SNP Medicine Co., Ltd, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Joong Yun
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Pildu Jeong
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Xuan-Mei Piao
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Hwan Kim
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Kim
- Microarray Division, Theragen Etex Bio Institute, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Young Joon Byun
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Won Kang
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Phil Seo
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jayoung Kim
- Department of Surgery, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jung Min Kim
- NAR Center, Inc., Daejeon Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Sang Yoo
- Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Isaac Y Kim
- Section of Urologic Oncology and Dean and Betty Gallo Prostate Cancer Center, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Sung-Kwon Moon
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Ansung, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Oriental Medicine, Dong-Eui University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Wun-Jae Kim
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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61
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Asiaf A, Ahmad ST, Arjumand W, Zargar MA. MicroRNAs in Breast Cancer: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Potential. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1699:23-43. [PMID: 29086366 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7435-1_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a large family of small, approximately 20-22 nucleotide, noncoding RNAs that regulate the expression of target genes, at the post-transcriptional level. miRNAs are involved in virtually diverse biological processes and play crucial roles in cellular processes, such as cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. Accumulating lines of evidence have indicated that miRNAs play important roles in the maintenance of biological homeostasis and that aberrant expression levels of miRNAs are associated with the onset of many diseases, including cancer. It is possible that the diverse roles that miRNAs play, have potential to provide valuable information in a clinical setting, demonstrating the potential to act as both screening tools for the stratification of high-risk patients, while informing the treatment decision-making process. Increasing evidence suggests that some miRNAs may even provide assistance in the diagnosis of patients with breast cancer. In addition, miRNAs may themselves be considered therapeutic targets, with inhibition or reintroduction of a particular miRNA capable of inducing a response in-vivo. This chapter discusses the role of miRNAs as oncogenes and tumor suppressors in breast cancer development and metastasis . It focuses on miRNAs that have prognostic, diagnostic, or predictive potential in breast cancer as well as the possible challenges in the translation of such observations to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asia Asiaf
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal Srinagar, J&K, 190006, India
| | - Shiekh Tanveer Ahmad
- Clarke H. Smith Brain Tumour Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, 2A25 HRIC, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Wani Arjumand
- Robson DNA Science Centre, Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, 2A32 HRIC, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Mohammad Afzal Zargar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal Srinagar, J&K, 190006, India.
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The mannose receptor LY75 (DEC205/CD205) modulates cellular phenotype and metastatic potential of ovarian cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 7:14125-42. [PMID: 26871602 PMCID: PMC4924702 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular basis of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) dissemination is still poorly understood. Previously, we identified the mannose receptor LY75 gene as hypomethylated in high-grade (HG) serous EOC tumors, compared to normal ovarian tissues. LY75 represents endocytic receptor expressed on dendritic cells and so far, has been primarily studied for its role in antigen processing and presentation. Here we demonstrate that LY75 is overexpressed in advanced EOC and that LY75 suppression induces mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) in EOC cell lines with mesenchymal morphology (SKOV3 and TOV112), accompanied by reduction of their migratory and invasive capacity in vitro and enhanced tumor cell colonization and metastatic growth in vivo. LY75 knockdown in SKOV3 cells also resulted in predominant upregulation of functional pathways implicated in cell proliferation and metabolism, while pathways associated with cell signaling and adhesion, complement activation and immune response were mostly suppressed. Moreover, LY75 suppression had an opposite effect on EOC cell lines with epithelial phenotype (A2780s and OV2008), by directing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) associated with reduced capacity for in vivo EOC cell colonization, as similar/identical signaling pathways were reversely regulated, when compared to mesenchymal LY75 knockdown EOC cells.To our knowledge, this is the first report of a gene displaying such pleiotropic effects in sustaining the cellular phenotype of EOC cells and points to novel functions of this receptor in modulating EOC dissemination. Our data also support previous findings regarding the superior capacity of epithelial cancer cells in metastatic colonization of distant sites, compared to cancer cells with mesenchymal-like morphology.
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63
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Wang Y, Xu YM, Zou YQ, Lin J, Huang B, Liu J, Li J, Zhang J, Yang WM, Min QH, Li SQ, Gao QF, Sun F, Chen QG, Zhang L, Jiang YH, Deng LB, Wang XZ. Identification of differential expressed PE exosomal miRNA in lung adenocarcinoma, tuberculosis, and other benign lesions. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e8361. [PMID: 29095265 PMCID: PMC5682784 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000008361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pleural effusion (PE) is a common clinical complication of many pulmonary and systemic diseases, including lung cancer and tuberculosis. Nevertheless, there is no clinical effective biomarker to identify the cause of PE. We attempted to investigate differential expressed exosomal miRNAs in PEs of lung adenocarcinoma (APE), tuberculous (TPE), and other benign lesions (NPE) by using deep sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). As a result, 171 differentiated miRNAs were observed in 3 groups of PEs, and 11 significantly differentiated exosomal miRNAs were validated by qRT-PCR. We identified 9 miRNAs, including miR-205-5p, miR-483-5p, miR-375, miR-200c-3p, miR-429, miR-200b-3p, miR-200a-3p, miR-203a-3p, and miR-141-3p which were preferentially represented in exosomes derived from APE when compared with TPE or NPE, while 3 miRNAs, including miR-148a-3p, miR-451a, and miR-150-5p, were differentially expressed between TPE and NPE. These different miRNAs profiles may hold promise as biomarkers for differential diagnosis of PEs with more validation based on larger cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou
| | - Yan-Mei Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi
| | - Ye-Qing Zou
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University
| | - Jin Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi
| | - Bo Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi
| | - Wei-Ming Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi
| | - Qing-Hua Min
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi
| | - Shu-Qi Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi
| | - Qiu-Fang Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi
| | - Fan Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi
| | - Qing-Gen Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi
| | - Yu-Huan Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi
| | - Li-Bin Deng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiao-Zhong Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi
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64
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Teoh ST, Lunt SY. Metabolism in cancer metastasis: bioenergetics, biosynthesis, and beyond. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-SYSTEMS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2017; 10. [DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shao Thing Teoh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University; East Lansing MI USA
| | - Sophia Y. Lunt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University; East Lansing MI USA
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65
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Taube JH, Sphyris N, Johnson KS, Reisenauer KN, Nesbit TA, Joseph R, Vijay GV, Sarkar TR, Bhangre NA, Song JJ, Chang JT, Lee MG, Soundararajan R, Mani SA. The H3K27me3-demethylase KDM6A is suppressed in breast cancer stem-like cells, and enables the resolution of bivalency during the mesenchymal-epithelial transition. Oncotarget 2017; 8:65548-65565. [PMID: 29029452 PMCID: PMC5630352 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The deposition of the activating H3K4me3 and repressive H3K27me3 histone modifications within the same promoter, forming a so-called bivalent domain, maintains gene expression in a repressed but transcription-ready state. We recently reported a significantly increased incidence of bivalency following an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process associated with the initiation of the metastatic cascade. The reverse process, known as the mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET), is necessary for efficient colonization. Here, we identify numerous genes associated with differentiation, proliferation and intercellular adhesion that are repressed through the acquisition of bivalency during EMT, and re-expressed following MET. The majority of EMT-associated bivalent domains arise through H3K27me3 deposition at H3K4me3-marked promoters. Accordingly, we show that the expression of the H3K27me3-demethylase KDM6A is reduced in cells that have undergone EMT, stem-like subpopulations of mammary cell lines and stem cell-enriched triple-negative breast cancers. Importantly, KDM6A levels are restored following MET, concomitant with CDH1/E-cadherin reactivation through H3K27me3 removal. Moreover, inhibition of KDM6A, using the H3K27me3-demethylase inhibitor GSK-J4, prevents the re-expression of bivalent genes during MET. Our findings implicate KDM6A in the resolution of bivalency accompanying MET, and suggest KDM6A inhibition as a viable strategy to suppress metastasis formation in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph H. Taube
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Nathalie Sphyris
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | | | | | - Robiya Joseph
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Geraldine V. Vijay
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Tapasree R. Sarkar
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Integrative Bioscience, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Neeraja A. Bhangre
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Joon Jin Song
- Depatment of Statistical Science, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Jeffrey T. Chang
- Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Min Gyu Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Center for Cancer Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rama Soundararajan
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sendurai A. Mani
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Metastasis Research Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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66
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MicroRNA-200, associated with metastatic breast cancer, promotes traits of mammary luminal progenitor cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:83384-83406. [PMID: 29137351 PMCID: PMC5663523 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are critical regulators of gene networks in normal and abnormal biological processes. Focusing on invasive ductal breast cancer (IDC), we have found dysregulated expression in tumor samples of several microRNAs, including the miR-200 family, along progression from primary tumors to distant metastases, further reflected in higher blood levels of miR-200b and miR-7 in IDC patients with regional or distant metastases relative to patients with primary node-negative tumors. Forced expression of miR-200s in MCF10CA1h mammary cells induced an enhanced epithelial program, aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity, mammosphere growth and ability to form branched tubuloalveolar structures while promoting orthotopic tumor growth and lung colonization in vivo. MiR-200s also induced the constitutive activation of the PI3K-Akt signaling through downregulation of PTEN, and the enhanced mammosphere growth and ALDH activity induced in MCF10CA1h cells by miR-200s required the activation of this signaling pathway. Interestingly, the morphology of tumors formed in vivo by cells expressing miR-200s was reminiscent of metaplastic breast cancer (MBC). Indeed, the epithelial components of MBC samples expressed significantly higher levels of miR-200s than their mesenchymal components and displayed a marker profile compatible with luminal progenitor cells. We propose that microRNAs of the miR-200 family promote traits of highly proliferative breast luminal progenitor cells, thereby exacerbating the growth and metastatic properties of transformed mammary epithelial cells.
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67
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Garg M. Epithelial plasticity and cancer stem cells: Major mechanisms of cancer pathogenesis and therapy resistance. World J Stem Cells 2017; 9:118-126. [PMID: 28928908 PMCID: PMC5583530 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v9.i8.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been linked with aggressive tumor biology and therapy resistance. It plays central role not only in the generation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) but also direct them across the multiple organ systems to promote tumor recurrence and metastasis. CSCs are reported to express stem cell genes as well as specific cell surface markers and allow aberrant differentiation of progenies. It facilitates cancer cells to leave primary tumor, acquire migratory characteristics, grow into new environment and develop radio-chemo-resistance. Based on the current information, present review discusses and summarizes the recent advancements on the molecular mechanisms that derive epithelial plasticity and its major role in generating a subset of tumor cells with stemness properties and pathophysiological spread of tumor. This paper further highlights the critical need to examine the regulation of EMT and CSC pathways in identifying the novel probable therapeutic targets. These improved therapeutic strategies based on the co-administration of inhibitors of EMT, CSCs as well as differentiated tumor cells may provide improved anti-neoplastic response with no tumor relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minal Garg
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
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68
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Sheta R, Wang ZQ, Bachvarova M, Plante M, Gregoire J, Renaud MC, Sebastianelli A, Gobeil S, Morin C, Macdonald E, Vanderhyden B, Bachvarov D. Hic-5 regulates epithelial to mesenchymal transition in ovarian cancer cells in a TGFβ1-independent manner. Oncotarget 2017; 8:82506-82530. [PMID: 29137281 PMCID: PMC5669907 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular basis of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) dissemination is still poorly understood. We have previously identified the hydrogen peroxide-inducible clone-5 (Hic-5) gene as hypomethylated in high-grade (HG) serous EOC tumors, compared to normal ovarian tissues. Hic-5 is a focal adhesion scaffold protein and has been primarily studied for its role as a key mediator of TGF-β–induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in epithelial cells of both normal and malignant origin; however, its role in EOC has been never investigated. Here we demonstrate that Hic-5 is overexpressed in advanced EOC, and that Hic-5 is upregulated upon TGFβ1 treatment in the EOC cell line with epithelial morphology (A2780s), associated with EMT induction. However, ectopic expression of Hic-5 in A2780s cells induces EMT independently of TGFβ1, accompanied with enhancement of cellular proliferation rate and migratory/invasive capacity and increased resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs. Moreover, Hic-5 knockdown in the EOC cells with mesenchymal morphology (SKOV3) was accompanied by induction of mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET), followed by a reduction of their proliferative, migratory/invasive capacity, and increased drugs sensitivity in vitro, as well as enhanced tumor cell colonization and metastatic growth in vivo. The modulation of Hic-5 expression in EOC cells resulted in altered regulation of numerous EMT-related canonical pathways and was indicative for a possible role of Hic-5 in controlling EMT through a RhoA/ROCK mediated mechanism. To our knowledge, this is the first report examining the role of Hic-5 in EOC, and its role in maintaining the mesenchymal phenotype of EOC cells independently of exogenous TGFβ1 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razan Sheta
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Zhi-Qiang Wang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Magdalena Bachvarova
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie Plante
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean Gregoire
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Renaud
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Alexandra Sebastianelli
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Stephane Gobeil
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, CHUL, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Chantale Morin
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Macdonald
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Barbara Vanderhyden
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dimcho Bachvarov
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec, Québec, Canada
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69
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The “good-cop bad-cop” TGF-beta role in breast cancer modulated by non-coding RNAs. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:1661-1675. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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70
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Liao TT, Yang MH. Revisiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cancer metastasis: the connection between epithelial plasticity and stemness. Mol Oncol 2017. [PMID: 28649800 PMCID: PMC5496497 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important process in embryonic development, fibrosis, and cancer metastasis. During cancer progression, the activation of EMT permits cancer cells to acquire migratory, invasive, and stem‐like properties. A growing body of evidence supports the critical link between EMT and cancer stemness. However, contradictory results have indicated that the inhibition of EMT also promotes cancer stemness, and that mesenchymal‐epithelial transition, the reverse process of EMT, is associated with the tumor‐initiating ability required for metastatic colonization. The concept of ‘intermediate‐state EMT’ provides a possible explanation for this conflicting evidence. In addition, recent studies have indicated that the appearance of ‘hybrid’ epithelial‐mesenchymal cells is favorable for the establishment of metastasis. In summary, dynamic changes or plasticity between the epithelial and the mesenchymal states rather than a fixed phenotype is more likely to occur in tumors in the clinical setting. Further studies aimed at validating and consolidating the concept of intermediate‐state EMT and hybrid tumors are needed for the establishment of a comprehensive profile of cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsai-Tsen Liao
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Muh-Hwa Yang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Genome Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
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71
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Zhang G, Zhang W, Li B, Stringer-Reasor E, Chu C, Sun L, Bae S, Chen D, Wei S, Jiao K, Yang WH, Cui R, Liu R, Wang L. MicroRNA-200c and microRNA- 141 are regulated by a FOXP3-KAT2B axis and associated with tumor metastasis in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2017. [PMID: 28637482 PMCID: PMC5480201 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-017-0858-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Members of the microRNA (miR)-200 family, which are involved in tumor metastasis, have potential as cancer biomarkers, but their regulatory mechanisms remain elusive. Methods We investigated FOXP3-inducible breast cancer cells, Foxp3 heterozygous Scurfy mutant (Foxp3sf/+) female mice, and patients with breast cancer for characterization of the formation and regulation of the miR-200 family in breast cancer cells and circulation. Participants (259), including patients with breast cancer or benign breast tumors, members of breast cancer families, and healthy controls, were assessed for tumor and circulating levels of the miR-200 family. Results First, we identified a FOXP3-KAT2B-miR-200c/141 axis in breast cancer cells. Second, aging Foxp3sf/+ female mice developed spontaneous breast cancers and lung metastases. Levels of miR-200c and miR-141 were lower in Foxp3sf/+ tumor cells than in normal breast epithelial cells, but plasma levels of miR-200c and miR-141 in the Foxp3sf/+ mice increased during tumor progression and metastasis. Third, in patients with breast cancer, the levels of miR-200c and 141 were lower in FOXP3low relative to those with FOXP3high breast cancer cells, especially in late-stage and metastatic cancer cells. The levels of miR-200c and miR-141 were higher in plasma from patients with metastatic breast cancer than in plasma from those with localized breast cancer, with benign breast tumors, with a family history of breast cancer, or from healthy controls. Finally, in Foxp3sf/+ mice, plasma miR-200c and miR-141 appeared to be released from tumor cells. Conclusions miR-200c and miR-141 are regulated by a FOXP3-KAT2B axis in breast cancer cells, and circulating levels of miR-200c and miR-141 are potential biomarkers for early detection of breast cancer metastases. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13058-017-0858-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxin Zhang
- Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, People's Republic of China.,Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingjin Li
- Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, People's Republic of China
| | - Erica Stringer-Reasor
- Hematology/Oncology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Chengjing Chu
- Department of Applied Psychology, Humanities and Management Colleges, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyan Sun
- Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Sejong Bae
- Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Dongquan Chen
- Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Shi Wei
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Kenneth Jiao
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Wei-Hsiung Yang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University, Savannah, GA, 31404, USA
| | - Ranji Cui
- Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, People's Republic of China.
| | - Runhua Liu
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA. .,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
| | - Lizhong Wang
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA. .,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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72
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Grisard E, Nicoloso MS. Following MicroRNAs Through the Cancer Metastatic Cascade. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 333:173-228. [PMID: 28729025 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Approximately a decade ago the first MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) participating in cancer metastasis were identified and metastmiRs were initially only a handful. Since those first reports, MiRNA research has explosively thrived, mainly due to their revolutionary mechanism of action and the hope of having at hand a novel tool to control cancer aggressiveness. This has ultimately led to delineate an almost impenetrable regulatory network: hundreds of MiRNAs transversally dominating every aspect of normal and cancer biology, each MiRNA having hundreds of targets and context-dependent activity. Providing a comprehensive description of MiRNA roles in cancer metastasis is a daunting task; nevertheless, we still believe that grasping the big picture of MiRNAs in cancer metastasis can give a different perspective on the potential insights and approaches that MiRNAs can offer to understand cancer complexity (e.g., as predictive and prognostic markers) and to tackle cancer metastasis (e.g., as therapeutic targets or tools). This chapter presents a schematic overview of the role of MiRNAs in governing cancer metastasis, describing step by step the cellular and molecular processes whereby cancer cells conquer distant organs and can grow as secondary tumors at different distant sites, and for each step, we will introduce how MiRNAs impinge on each one of them. We deeply apologize with our colleagues for any of their research work that, for clarity, for our effort to streamline and due to space limitations, we did not cite.
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73
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Lim D, Kim KS, Kim H, Ko KC, Song JJ, Choi JH, Shin M, Min JJ, Jeong JH, Choy HE. Anti-tumor activity of an immunotoxin (TGFα-PE38) delivered by attenuated Salmonella typhimurium. Oncotarget 2017; 8:37550-37560. [PMID: 28473665 PMCID: PMC5514929 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The anticancer strategy underlying the use of immunotoxins is as follows: the cancer-binding domain delivers the toxin to a cancer cell, after which the toxin enters and kills the cell. TGFα-PE38 is an immunotoxin comprising transforming growth factor alpha (TGFα), a natural ligand of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and a modified Pseudomonas exotoxin A (PE38) lacking N terminal cell-binding domain, a highly potent cytotoxic protein moiety. Tumor cells with high level of EGFR undergo apoptosis upon treatment with TGFα-PE38. However, clinical trials demonstrated that this immunotoxin delivered by an intracerebral infusion technique has only a limited inhibitory effect on intracranial tumors mainly due to inconsistent drug delivery. To circumvent this problem, we turned to tumor-seeking bacterial system. Here, we engineered Salmonella typhimurium to selectively express and release TGFα-PE38. Engineered bacteria were administered to mice implanted with mouse colon or breast tumor cells expressing high level of EGFR. We observed that controlled expression and release of TGFα-PE38 from intra-tumoral Salmonellae by either an engineered phage lysis system or by a bacterial membrane transport signal led to significant inhibition of solid tumor growth. These results demonstrated that delivery by tumor-seeking bacteria would greatly augment efficacy of immunotoxin in cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daejin Lim
- Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Molecular Medicine, BK21 Plus, Chonnam National University Graduate School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Soo Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Molecular Medicine, BK21 Plus, Chonnam National University Graduate School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunju Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Molecular Medicine, BK21 Plus, Chonnam National University Graduate School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong-Cheol Ko
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Bio-Materials Research Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Jun Song
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Bio-Materials Research Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hyun Choi
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Bio-Materials Research Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsang Shin
- Department of Microbiology, Kyungpook National University Medical School, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-joon Min
- Molecular Medicine, BK21 Plus, Chonnam National University Graduate School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Jeong
- Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Molecular Medicine, BK21 Plus, Chonnam National University Graduate School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyon E. Choy
- Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Molecular Medicine, BK21 Plus, Chonnam National University Graduate School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Knudsen KN, Lindebjerg J, Nielsen BS, Hansen TF, Sørensen FB. MicroRNA-200b is downregulated in colon cancer budding cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178564. [PMID: 28552992 PMCID: PMC5446202 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The microRNA-200 (miR-200) family acts as a major suppressor of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Impaired miR-200 expression may lead to EMT initiation and eventually cancer dissemination. The presence of tumor budding cells (TBC) is associated with metastasis and poor prognosis, and molecular similarities to EMT indicate that these cells may reflect ongoing EMT. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of miR-200b in budding cells of colon cancer and the relationship with the EMT-markers E-cadherin, β-catenin and laminin-5γ2. Material & methods MiR-200b was investigated by in situ hybridization in 58 cases of stage II (n = 36) and III colon (n = 22) cancers with tumor budding. Expression of E-cadherin, β-catenin and laminin-5γ2 was examined by immunohistochemistry. A multiplex fluorescence assay combining miR-200b with cytokeratin and laminin-5γ2 was employed on a subset of 16 samples. Results MiR-200b was downregulated in the TBC at the invasive front of 41 out of 58 (71%) cases. The decline was present in both mismatch satellite stable and instable adenocarcinomas. The majority of cases also showed loss of membranous E-cadherin and increased nuclear β-catenin in the TBC, while laminin-5γ2 expression was upregulated at the invasive front and in the tumor buds of approximately half the adenocarcinomas. However, the miR-200b decline was not statistically associated with the expression of any of the EMT-markers. The miR-200b decline was also documented by multiplex fluorescence. Fourteen out of fifteen cases showed a decrease in miR-200b expression in the majority of the TBC, but no obvious relationship between miR-200b and laminin-5γ2 expression was observed. Conclusion: The findings support the assumption of a miR-200b related downregulation in colon cancer budding cells. Whether miR-200b expression may be of clinical significance awaits further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Nguyen Knudsen
- Danish Colorectal Cancer Center South, Vejle Hospital, Part of Lillebaelt Hospital, Kabbeltoft 25, Vejle, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Pathology, Vejle Hospital, Part of Lillebaelt Hospital, Kabbeltoft 25, Vejle, Denmark.,Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Winsløwparken 19, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Jan Lindebjerg
- Danish Colorectal Cancer Center South, Vejle Hospital, Part of Lillebaelt Hospital, Kabbeltoft 25, Vejle, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Pathology, Vejle Hospital, Part of Lillebaelt Hospital, Kabbeltoft 25, Vejle, Denmark.,Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Winsløwparken 19, Odense C, Denmark
| | | | - Torben Frøstrup Hansen
- Danish Colorectal Cancer Center South, Vejle Hospital, Part of Lillebaelt Hospital, Kabbeltoft 25, Vejle, Denmark.,Department of Oncology, Vejle Hospital, Part of Lillebaelt Hospital, Kabbeltoft 25, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Flemming Brandt Sørensen
- Danish Colorectal Cancer Center South, Vejle Hospital, Part of Lillebaelt Hospital, Kabbeltoft 25, Vejle, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Pathology, Vejle Hospital, Part of Lillebaelt Hospital, Kabbeltoft 25, Vejle, Denmark.,Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Winsløwparken 19, Odense C, Denmark
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75
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Chen X, Chen J. miR-3188 Regulates Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Migration in Breast Cancer by Targeting TUSC5 and Regulating the p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway. Oncol Res 2017; 26:363-372. [PMID: 28560951 PMCID: PMC7844837 DOI: 10.3727/096504017x14953948675421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study intended to investigate the effects of miR-3188 on breast cancer and to reveal the possible molecular mechanisms. miR-3188 was upregulated and TUSC5 was downregulated in breast cancer tissues and MCF-7 cells compared to normal tissue and MCF-10 cells. After MCF-7 cells were transfected with miR-3188 inhibitor, cell proliferation and migration were inhibited, whereas apoptosis was promoted. Luciferase reporter assay suggested that TUSC5 was a target gene of miR-3188. In addition, miR-3188 overexpression increased the p-p38 expression, while miR-3188 suppression decreased the p-p38 expression significantly. miR-3188 regulated breast cancer progression via the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. In conclusion, miR-3188 affects breast cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, and migration by targeting TUSC5 and activating the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. miR-3188 may serve as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Chen
- Department of Oncology Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Jianli Chen
- The Third Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China
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76
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Jackson TR, Kim HY, Balakrishnan UL, Stuckenholz C, Davidson LA. Spatiotemporally Controlled Mechanical Cues Drive Progenitor Mesenchymal-to-Epithelial Transition Enabling Proper Heart Formation and Function. Curr Biol 2017; 27:1326-1335. [PMID: 28434863 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
During early cardiogenesis, bilateral fields of mesenchymal heart progenitor cells (HPCs) move from the anterior lateral plate mesoderm to the ventral midline, undergoing a mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) en route to forming a single epithelial sheet. Through tracking of tissue-level deformations in the heart-forming region (HFR) as well as movement trajectories and traction generation of individual HPCs, we find that the onset of MET correlates with a peak in mechanical stress within the HFR and changes in HPC migratory behaviors. Small-molecule inhibitors targeting actomyosin contractility reveal a temporally specific requirement of bulk tissue compliance to regulate heart development and MET. Targeting mutant constructs to modulate contractility and compliance in the underlying endoderm, we find that MET in HPCs can be accelerated in response to microenvironmental stiffening and can be inhibited by softening. To test whether MET in HPCs was responsive to purely physical mechanical cues, we mimicked a high-stress state by injecting an inert oil droplet to generate high strain in the HFR, demonstrating that exogenously applied stress was sufficient to drive MET. MET-induced defects in anatomy result in defined functional lesions in the larval heart, implicating mechanical signaling and MET in the etiology of congenital heart defects. From this integrated analysis of HPC polarity and mechanics, we propose that normal heart development requires bilateral HPCs to undergo a critical behavioral and phenotypic transition on their way to the ventral midline, and that this transition is driven in response to the changing mechanical properties of their endoderm substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R Jackson
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Hye Young Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Uma L Balakrishnan
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Carsten Stuckenholz
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Lance A Davidson
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; Department of Computational and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
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77
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Liao L, Song M, Li X, Tang L, Zhang T, Zhang L, Pan Y, Chouchane L, Ma X. E3 Ubiquitin Ligase UBR5 Drives the Growth and Metastasis of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2017; 77:2090-2101. [PMID: 28330927 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-2409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Patients with triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) are at high risk for recurrence and metastasis at an early time despite standard treatment, underscoring the need for novel therapeutic modalities. Here, we report for the first time a distinctive and profound role of the E3 ubiquitin ligase UBR5 in the growth and metastasis of TNBC. An analysis of primary TNBC specimen by whole-exon sequencing revealed strong gene amplifications of UBR5 associated with the disease. UBR5 overexpression in TNBC tissues was confirmed at mRNA and protein levels. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated deletion of ubr5 in an experimental murine mammary carcinoma model of TNBC dramatically abrogated tumor growth and metastasis in vivo, which could be reversed completely via reconstitution with wild-type UBR5 but not a catalytically inactive mutant. Loss of UBR5 caused an impairment in angiogenesis within the tumor, associated with increased apoptosis, necrosis, and growth arrest. Absence of UBR5 in the tumor triggered aberrant epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, principally via abrogated expression of E-cadherin, which resulted in severely reduced tumor metastasis to secondary organs. Use of NOD/SCID mice revealed that tumor-derived UBR5 facilitated tumor growth in a manner completely dependent upon immune cells in the microenvironment, whereas it promoted metastasis in a tumor cell-autonomous fashion. Our findings unveil UBR5 as a novel and critical regulator of tumor growth, metastasis, and immune response and highlight the potential for UBR5 as an effective therapeutic target for the treatment of highly aggressive breast and ovarian cancers that fail conventional therapy. Cancer Res; 77(8); 2090-101. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiu Liao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hunan Clinical Meditech Research Center for Breast Cancer, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mei Song
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hunan Clinical Meditech Research Center for Breast Cancer, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lili Tang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hunan Clinical Meditech Research Center for Breast Cancer, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tuo Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Lixing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihang Pan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Lotfi Chouchane
- Laboratory of Genetic Medicine and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hunan Clinical Meditech Research Center for Breast Cancer, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.,State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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78
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Rashed MH, Kanlikilicer P, Rodriguez-Aguayo C, Pichler M, Bayraktar R, Bayraktar E, Ivan C, Filant J, Silva A, Aslan B, Denizli M, Mitra R, Ozpolat B, Calin GA, Sood AK, Abd-Ellah MF, Helal GK, Berestein GL. Exosomal miR-940 maintains SRC-mediated oncogenic activity in cancer cells: a possible role for exosomal disposal of tumor suppressor miRNAs. Oncotarget 2017; 8:20145-20164. [PMID: 28423620 PMCID: PMC5386751 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes have emerged as important mediators of diverse biological functions including tumor suppression, tumor progression, invasion, immune escape and cell-to-cell communication, through the release of molecules such as mRNAs, miRNAs, and proteins. Here, we identified differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs between normal epithelial ovarian cell line and both resistant and sensitive ovarian cancer (OC) cell lines. We found miR-940 as abundant in exosomes from SKOV3-IP1, HeyA8, and HeyA8-MDR cells. The high expression of miR-940 is associated with better survival in patients with ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma. Ectopic expression of miR-940 inhibited proliferation, colony formation, invasion, and migration and triggered G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in OC cells. Overexpression of miR-940 also inhibited tumor cell growth in vivo. We showed that proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase (SRC) is directly targeted by miR-940 and that miR-940 inhibited SRC expression at mRNA and protein levels. Following this inhibition, the expression of proteins downstream of SRC, such as FAK, paxillin and Akt was also reduced. Collectively, our results suggest that OC cells secrete the tumor-suppressive miR-940 into the extracellular environment via exosomes, to maintain their invasiveness and tumorigenic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed H Rashed
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Pinar Kanlikilicer
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Center for RNAi and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cristian Rodriguez-Aguayo
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Center for RNAi and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Martin Pichler
- Division of Clinical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Recep Bayraktar
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Emine Bayraktar
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cristina Ivan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Center for RNAi and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Justyna Filant
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Andreia Silva
- Instituto de Investigação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB-Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Burcu Aslan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Center for RNAi and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Merve Denizli
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rahul Mitra
- Department of Center for RNAi and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bulent Ozpolat
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Center for RNAi and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - George A. Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Center for RNAi and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anil K. Sood
- Department of Center for RNAi and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mohamed F. Abd-Ellah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gouda K. Helal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gabriel Lopez Berestein
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Center for RNAi and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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79
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Po Lin
- Division of Cellular and Developmental Biology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94705
| | - Lin He
- Division of Cellular and Developmental Biology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94705
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80
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Mak CSL, Yung MMH, Hui LMN, Leung LL, Liang R, Chen K, Liu SS, Qin Y, Leung THY, Lee KF, Chan KKL, Ngan HYS, Chan DW. MicroRNA-141 enhances anoikis resistance in metastatic progression of ovarian cancer through targeting KLF12/Sp1/survivin axis. Mol Cancer 2017; 16:11. [PMID: 28095864 PMCID: PMC5240442 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-017-0582-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer metastasis is determined by the formation of the metastatic niche and the ability of cancer cells to adapt to microenvironmental stresses. Anoikis resistance is a fundamental feature of metastatic cancer cell survival during metastatic cancer progression. However, the mechanisms underlying anoikis resistance in ovarian cancer are still unclear. METHODS Expressions of miRNA-141 and its downstream targets were evaluated by qPCR, Western blotting, Immunohistochemical (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) assays. The luciferase assays were used to prove KLF12 as the downstream target of miR-141. The cDNA microarray and apoptotic protein arrays were used to identify the targets of miR-141 and KLF12. The competition of KLF12 and Sp1 on survivin promoter was examined by ChIP assay. IHC analysis on ovarian cancer tissue array was used to evaluate the expressions of KLF12 and miR-141 and to show the clinical relevance. The functional studies were performed by in vitro and in vivo tumorigenic assays. RESULTS Enforced expression of miR-141 promotes, while knockdown of miR-141 expression inhibits, cell proliferation, anchorage-independent capacity, anoikis resistance, tumor growth and peritoneal metastases of ovarian cancer cells. Bioinformatics and functional analysis identified that Kruppel-related zinc finger protein AP-2rep (KLF12) is directly targeted by miR-141. Consistent with this finding, knockdown of KLF12 phenocopied the effects of miR-141 overexpression in ovarian cancer cells. In contrast, restoration of KLF12 in miR-141-expressing cells significantly attenuated anoikis resistance in ovarian cancer cells via interfering with Sp1-mediated survivin transcription, which inhibits the intrinsic apoptotic pathway and is crucial for ovarian cancer cell survival, anoikis resistance and peritoneal metastases. Immunohistochemical (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) assays confirmed that miRNA-141 expression is inversely correlated with KLF12 expression and significantly associated with advanced ovarian cancers accompanied with distal metastases, underscoring the clinical relevance of our findings. CONCLUSIONS Our data identify a novel signaling axis of miR-141/KLF12/Sp1/survivin in enhancing anoikis resistance and likely serves as a potential therapeutic target for metastatic ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia S L Mak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, L747 Laboratory Block, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingo M H Yung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, L747 Laboratory Block, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Lynn M N Hui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, L747 Laboratory Block, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Leanne L Leung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, L747 Laboratory Block, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, L747 Laboratory Block, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangmei Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, L747 Laboratory Block, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Stephanie S Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, L747 Laboratory Block, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiming Qin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Thomas H Y Leung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, L747 Laboratory Block, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai-Fai Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, L747 Laboratory Block, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Karen K L Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, L747 Laboratory Block, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Hextan Y S Ngan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, L747 Laboratory Block, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - David W Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, L747 Laboratory Block, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China.
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81
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Nandy SB, Lakshmanaswamy R. Cancer Stem Cells and Metastasis. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2017; 151:137-176. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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82
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Li JZ, Li J, Wang HQ, Li X, Wen B, Wang YJ. MiR-141-3p promotes prostate cancer cell proliferation through inhibiting kruppel-like factor-9 expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 482:1381-1386. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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83
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Kaban K, Salva E, Akbuga J. The effects of chitosan/miR-200c nanoplexes on different stages of cancers in breast cancer cell lines. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 95:103-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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84
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Yue X, Zhao Y, Zhang C, Li J, Liu Z, Liu J, Hu W. Leukemia inhibitory factor promotes EMT through STAT3-dependent miR-21 induction. Oncotarget 2016; 7:3777-90. [PMID: 26716902 PMCID: PMC4826169 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is a multi-function cytokine. Its role in cancer is not well-understood. Recent studies including ours show that LIF is frequently overexpressed in many types of human tumors and promotes the progression and metastasis of tumors. However, the underlying mechanism of LIF's promoting effects on tumor progression and metastasis is poorly defined. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role in tumor metastasis. This study reports that LIF promotes EMT in human tumor cells. Overexpression of LIF promotes tumor cells to acquire mesenchymal features, including morphological changes of cells from epithelial-like to mesenchymal-like, increased expression levels of mesenchymal markers and decreased expression of epithelial markers. Knockdown of endogenous LIF reverses EMT in cancer cells. We further identified that LIF induces the expression of microRNA-21 (miR-21), which in turn mediates the promoting effect of LIF on EMT. LIF induces miR-21 expression through the activation of STAT3. Importantly, blocking miR-21 function greatly abolished the promoting effect of LIF on EMT and the migration ability of cancer cells. Taken together, results from this study identified an important function and a novel underlying mechanism of LIF in EMT and tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuetian Yue
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Yuhan Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Cen Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Wenwei Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Rutgers State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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85
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Kaban K, Salva E, Akbuga J. In Vitro Dose Studies on Chitosan Nanoplexes for microRNA Delivery in Breast Cancer Cells. Nucleic Acid Ther 2016; 27:45-55. [PMID: 27763825 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2016.0633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in microRNA (miRNA) expression levels that play important roles in regulation lead to many pathological events such as cancer. The miR-200 family is an important target in cancer therapy. The aim of this study is to equilibrate endogenous levels between cancer and noncancerous cells to prevent serious side effects of miR-200c- and miR-141-like metastatic colonization. For the first time, the characterization of miR-200c and miR-141 cluster containing chitosan nanoplexes was shown, and the optimization of miRNA expression levels by conducting dose studies in breast cancer cell lines was made. The mean diameter of chitosan/miR-141 and chitosan/miR-200c nanoplexes ranged from 296 to 355 nm and from 294 to 380 nm depending on the N/P ratio, respectively. The surface charge of nanoplexes was positive with zeta potential of +12 to +26 mV. While naked miRNA was degraded after 0 min in a 10% serum-containing medium, chitosan/miRNA nanoplexes were protected for 72 h. During the in vitro cellular uptake study, nanoplexes were observed to be accumulating in the cytoplasm or nucleus. After using different doses for miR-200c, the determined doses are 750, 100, and 750 ng in the MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and MDA-MB-435 cell lines, respectively. Doses were determined as 100 ng for MDA-MB-231 and 150 ng for MDA-MB-435 to reach endogenous miR-141 levels of MCF-10A. Our results suggest that chitosan nanoplexes for miR-200c and miR-141 are an efficient delivery system in terms of formulation and transfection. As a conclusion, dose studies are important to provide effective treatment with miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kubra Kaban
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University , Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emine Salva
- 2 Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Inonu University , Malatya, Turkey
| | - Julide Akbuga
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University , Istanbul, Turkey
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86
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Maierthaler M, Benner A, Hoffmeister M, Surowy H, Jansen L, Knebel P, Chang-Claude J, Brenner H, Burwinkel B. Plasma miR-122 and miR-200 family are prognostic markers in colorectal cancer. Int J Cancer 2016; 140:176-187. [PMID: 27632639 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been proposed as minimally invasive prognostic markers for various types of cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC), the third most diagnosed cancer worldwide. We aimed to evaluate the levels of circulating miRNAs that might serve as markers for CRC prognosis and survival. We included plasma samples of 543 CRC patients with stage I-IV disease from a population-based study carried out in Germany. After comprehensive evaluation of current literature, 95 miRNAs were selected and measured with Custom TaqMan® Array MicroRNA Cards. Plasma samples of non-metastatic and metastatic colon cancer patients, each group consisting of ten patients with 'good' and ten patients with 'bad' prognosis were screened. Identified candidate miRNAs were further validated by RT-qPCR in the whole study cohort. The association of the miRNA levels with patients' survival and the prognostic subtypes was analyzed with uni- and multivariate logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression models. Increased miR-122 levels were associated with a 'bad' prognostic subtype in metastatic CRC (Odds ratio: 1.563, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.038-2.347) and a shorter relapse-free survival and overall survival for non-metastatic (Hazard ratio (HR): 1.370, 95% CI: 1.028-1.825; HR: 1.353, 95% CI: 1.002-1.828) and metastatic (HR: 1.264, 95% CI: 1.050-1.520; HR: 1.292, 95% CI: 1.078-1.548) CRC patients. Additionally, several members of the miR-200 family showed associations with patients' prognosis and correlations to clinicopathological characteristics. The here identified miRNA markers, miR-122 and the miR-200 family members, could be of use in the development of a multi-marker blood test for CRC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Maierthaler
- Division of Molecular Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Axel Benner
- Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Hoffmeister
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Harald Surowy
- Division of Molecular Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lina Jansen
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Phillip Knebel
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Unit of Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,University Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Burwinkel
- Division of Molecular Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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87
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Sulaiman SA, Ab Mutalib NS, Jamal R. miR-200c Regulation of Metastases in Ovarian Cancer: Potential Role in Epithelial and Mesenchymal Transition. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:271. [PMID: 27601996 PMCID: PMC4993756 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the gynecological malignancies, ovarian cancer is the most fatal due to its high mortality rate. Most of the identified cases are epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) with five distinct subtypes: high-grade serous carcinoma, low-grade serous carcinoma, mucinous carcinoma, endometrioid carcinoma, and clear-cell carcinoma. Lack of an early diagnostic approach, high incidence of tumor relapse and the heterogenous characteristics between each EOC subtypes contribute to the difficulties in developing precise intervention and therapy for the patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded RNAs that have been shown to function as tumor suppressors or oncomiRs. The miR-200 family, especially miR-200c, has been shown to be implicated in the metastasis and invasion of ovarian carcinoma due to its functional regulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). This mini review is aimed to summarize the recent findings of the miR-200c functional role as well as its validated targets in the metastasis cascade of ovarian cancer, with a focus on EMT regulation. The potential of this miRNA in early diagnosis and its dual expression status are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti A Sulaiman
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, UKM Medical Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nurul-Syakima Ab Mutalib
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, UKM Medical Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rahman Jamal
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, UKM Medical Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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88
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Abstract
Noncoding RNAs are important regulatory molecules of cellular processes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that bind to complementary sequences in the 3' untranslated region of target mRNAs, leading to degradation of the target mRNAs and/or inhibition of their translation. Some miRNAs are essential for normal animal development; however, many other miRNAs are dispensable for development but play a critical role in pathological conditions, including tumorigenesis and metastasis. miRNA genes often reside at fragile chromosome sites and are deregulated in cancer. Some miRNAs function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, collectively termed "oncomirs." Specific metastasis-regulating miRNAs, collectively termed "metastamirs," govern molecular processes and pathways in malignant progression in either a tumor cell-autonomous or a cell-nonautonomous manner. Recently, exosome-transferred miRNAs have emerged as mediators of the tumor-stroma cross talk. In this chapter, we focus on the functions, mechanisms of action, and therapeutic potential of miRNAs, particularly oncomirs and metastamirs.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ma
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.
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89
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Abrahamsson A, Dabrosin C. Tissue specific expression of extracellular microRNA in human breast cancers and normal human breast tissue in vivo. Oncotarget 2016; 6:22959-69. [PMID: 26008976 PMCID: PMC4673212 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been suggested to be biomarkers for disease monitoring but data are inconsistent, one reason being that blood miRNA is of heterogeneous origin. Here, we sampled extracellular microRNAs locally in situ using microdialysis. Three different cohorts of women were included; postmenopausal women with ongoing breast cancer investigated within the cancer and in normal adjacent breast tissue, postmenopausal women investigated in their normal healthy breast and subcutaneous fat before and after six weeks of tamoxifen therapy, premenopausal women during the menstrual cycle. Samples were initially screened using TaqMan array cards with subsequently absolute quantification. 124 miRNA were expressed in microdialysates. After absolute quantifications extracellular miRNA-21 was found to be significantly increased in breast cancer. In addition, the levels were significantly higher in pre-menopausal breast tissue compared with postmenopausal. In breast tissue of pre-menopausal women miRNA-21 exhibited a cyclic variation during the menstrual cycle and in postmenopausal women six weeks of tamoxifen treatment decreased miRNA-21 suggesting that this miRNA may be important for breast carcinogenesis. None of these changes were found in plasma or microdialysates from subcutaneous fat. Our data revealed tissue specific changes of extracellular circulating miRNAs that would be otherwise unraveled using blood samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelie Abrahamsson
- Department of Oncology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Charlotta Dabrosin
- Department of Oncology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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90
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Sigloch FC, Burk UC, Biniossek ML, Brabletz T, Schilling O. miR-200c dampens cancer cell migration via regulation of protein kinase A subunits. Oncotarget 2016. [PMID: 26203557 PMCID: PMC4695158 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of miR-200c is a molecular switch to determine cellular fate towards a mesenchymal or epithelial phenotype. miR-200c suppresses the early steps of tumor progression by preventing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and intravasation of tumor cells. Unraveling the underlying molecular mechanisms might pinpoint to novel therapeutic options. To better understand these mechanisms it is crucial to identify targets of miR-200c. Here, we employ a combination of quantitative proteomic and bioinformatic strategies to identify novel miR-200c targets. We identify and confirm two subunits of the central cellular kinase protein kinase A (PKA), namely PRKAR1A and PRKACB, to be directly regulated by miR-200c. Notably, siRNA-mediated downregulation of both proteins phenocopies the migratory behavior of breast cancer cells after miR-200c overexpression. Patient data from publicly accessible databases supports a miR-200c-PKA axis. Thus, our study identifies the PKA heteroprotein as an important mediator of miR-200c induced repression of migration in breast cancer cells. By bioinformatics, we define a miRNA target cluster consisting of PRKAR1A, PRKAR2B, PRKACB, and COF2, which is targeted by a group of 14 miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Christoph Sigloch
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Christina Burk
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin Lothar Biniossek
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Brabletz
- Experimental Medicine I, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center for Molecular Medicine, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Oliver Schilling
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,BIOSS Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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91
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Choi SK, Kim HS, Jin T, Hwang EH, Jung M, Moon WK. Overexpression of the miR-141/200c cluster promotes the migratory and invasive ability of triple-negative breast cancer cells through the activation of the FAK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways by secreting VEGF-A. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:570. [PMID: 27484639 PMCID: PMC4969651 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2620-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The role of microRNA-200 (miR-200) family members in the migration and invasion of breast cancer is controversial. This study investigated the mechanisms by which the miR-200 family members modulated the migratory and invasive abilities of an aggressive triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line, MDA-MB-231. Methods The miR-200 family (miR-200b/200a/429 and miR-141/200c clusters) and green fluorescence protein (GFP) were transduced into MDA-MB-231 cells using a lentiviral system. Stable cells highly expressing the miR-200 family and GFP were isolated by puromycin selection and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Gene expression was evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR). The migratory and invasive abilities were assessed using trans-well and wound-healing assays. The secreted cytokines and growth factors in cultured media were quantified using a Bio-Plex200 multiplex array system. Western blot assays and immunofluorescence staining were conducted to investigate miR-200 family-regulated signaling pathways. The entire dataset obtained in this study was statistically evaluated using a one-way ANOVA followed by a t-test. Results The stable overexpression of the miR-200b/200a/429 or miR-141/200c cluster suppressed cell growth and significantly increased migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells. miR-141/200c overexpression was more effective in decreasing cell growth and promoting migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells than was miR-200b/200a/429 overexpression. In addition, the overexpression of the miR-200b/200a/429 or miR-141/200c cluster led to an increase in the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and protein kinase B (AKT). Chemical inhibitors of FAK and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT suppressed the migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells that was enhanced by the overexpression of the miR-200b/200a/429 or miR-141/200c cluster. Compared to the miR-200b/200a/429 cluster-transduced MDA-MB-231 cells, the miR-141/200c cluster-transduced MDA-MB-231 cells exhibited a significant increase in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A secretion and integrin-alphaV (integrin-αV) expression. Treatment with an anti-VEGF-A-neutralizing antibody inhibited the increase in migration and invasion in both the miR-200b/200a/429- and miR-141/200c-transduced MDA-MB-231 cells but significantly reduced the phosphorylation of FAK and AKT in only the miR-141/200c cluster-transduced MDA-MB-231 cells. Conclusions Taken together, our data demonstrate a mechanism in which the miR-141/200c cluster, through FAK- and PI3K/AKT-mediated signaling by means of increased VEGF-A secretion, promotes the migratory and invasive abilities of MDA-MB-231 cells. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2620-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sul Ki Choi
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-799, Korea
| | - Hoe Suk Kim
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Korea
| | - Tiefeng Jin
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Korea
| | - Eun Hye Hwang
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Korea
| | - Minji Jung
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Korea
| | - Woo Kyung Moon
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-799, Korea.
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92
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Mao XY, Li QQ, Gao YF, Zhou HH, Liu ZQ, Jin WL. Gap junction as an intercellular glue: Emerging roles in cancer EMT and metastasis. Cancer Lett 2016; 381:133-7. [PMID: 27490999 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is a common phenomenon in the progression and dissemination of cancer. It is estimated that metastasis accounts for 90% cancer-related mortality. Although the formation of tumor metastasis is relatively well understood, the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for the emergence of aggressive cancer phenotype are still elusive. Figuring out the mechanisms by which cancer cells evade from the tumor is beneficial for obtaining novel and effectively therapeutic approaches. Primary tumors are composed of various subpopulations of cells with heterogeneous metastatic characteristics and the occurrence of metastatic dissemination is mainly dependent upon the interactions between tumor and the surrounding microenvironment. Tumor microenvironment (TME) such as extracellular matrix, macrophages, fibroblasts, stem cells and endothelial cells can orchestrate events critical to tumor evolution toward metastasis. GJ serves as an important communication between tumor cells and stromal cells. Increased GJs coupling blocks metastatic potential in some cancer animal models such as breast cancer and melanoma. Besides, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is also a crucial step in the metastatic process and there are signs that GJs contribute to cell adhesion and migration (the pathological feature of EMT) in breast cancer. Therefore, we propose that GJ serves as an intercellular glue to suppress EMT and cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yuan Mao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
| | - Qiu-Qi Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Yuan-Feng Gao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Hong-Hao Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Zhao-Qian Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
| | - Wei-Lin Jin
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, Key Lab. for Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Electronic Information and Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; National Centers for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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93
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Markou A, Zavridou M, Sourvinou I, Yousef G, Kounelis S, Malamos N, Georgoulias V, Lianidou E. Direct Comparison of Metastasis-Related miRNAs Expression Levels in Circulating Tumor Cells, Corresponding Plasma, and Primary Tumors of Breast Cancer Patients. Clin Chem 2016; 62:1002-11. [DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2015.253716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) are important in liquid biopsies in which peripheral blood is used to characterize the evolution of solid tumors. We evaluated the expression levels of miR-21, miR-146a, miR-200c, and miR-210 in CTCs of breast cancer patients with verified metastasis and compared their expression levels in corresponding plasma and primary tumors.
METHODS
Expression levels of the miRNAs were quantified by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) in (a) 89 primary breast tumors and 30 noncancerous breast tissues and (b) CTCs and corresponding plasma of 55 patients with metastatic breast cancer and 20 healthy donors. For 30 of these patients, CTCs, corresponding plasma, and primary tumor tissues were available.
RESULTS
In formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues, these miRNAs were differentially expressed between primary breast tumors and noncancerous breast tissues. miR-21 (P < 0.001) and miR-146a (P = 0.001) were overexpressed, whereas miR-200c (P = 0.004) and miR-210 (P = 0.002) were underexpressed. In multivariate analysis, miR-146a overexpression was significantly [hazard ratio 2.969 (1.231–7.157), P = 0.015] associated with progression-free survival. In peripheral blood, all miRNAs studied were overexpressed in both CTC and corresponding plasma. There was a significant association between miR-21 expression levels in CTCs and plasma for 36 of 55 samples (P = 0.008). In plasma, ROC curve analysis revealed that miR-21, miR-146a, and miR-210 could discriminate patients from healthy individuals.
CONCLUSIONS
Metastasis-related miRNAs are overexpressed in CTCs and corresponding plasma; miR-21 expression levels highly correlate in CTCs and plasma; and miR-21, miR-146a, and miR-210 are valuable plasma biomarkers for discriminating patients from healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina Markou
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Martha Zavridou
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Sourvinou
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - George Yousef
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sofia Kounelis
- Oncology Unit and Pathology Department, Helena Venizelou Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikos Malamos
- Oncology Unit and Pathology Department, Helena Venizelou Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasilis Georgoulias
- Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Evi Lianidou
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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94
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Palen K, Weber J, Dwinell MB, Johnson BD, Ramchandran R, Gershan JA. E-cadherin re-expression shows in vivo evidence for mesenchymal to epithelial transition in clonal metastatic breast tumor cells. Oncotarget 2016; 7:43363-43375. [PMID: 27270319 PMCID: PMC5190029 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Substantial experimental evidence has shown that dedifferentiation from an epithelial state to a mesenchymal-like state (EMT) drives tumor cell metastasis. This transition facilitates tumor cells to acquire motility and invasive features. Intriguingly, tumor cells at the metastatic site are primarily epithelial, and it is believed that they differentiate back to an epithelial state by a process called mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET). However, there is little in vivo evidence to support the MET process. To investigate EMT and MET in vivo, we generated two epithelial (E) and two mesenchymal (M) primary clonal cell lines from a spontaneous mouse mammary tumor (Tg MMTV/neu). These cells were labeled with reporters (GFP and luciferase), and tracked in vivo during primary tumor growth and subsequent secondary metastasis. Once E cells were implanted into the mammary fat pad, E-cadherin expression progressively decreased and continued to decrease as the primary tumor enlarged over time. A greater percentage of E tumor cells expressed E-cadherin at the secondary metastatic site as compared to the corresponding primary tumor site. Collectively, these data provide direct in vivo evidence that epithelial tumor cells have metastatic potential, undergo EMT at the primary tumor site, and MET at the metastatic site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Palen
- Department of Pediatrics at the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
| | - James Weber
- Department of Pediatrics at the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
| | - Michael B. Dwinell
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics at the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
| | - Bryon D. Johnson
- Department of Pediatrics at the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
| | - Ramani Ramchandran
- Department of Pediatrics at the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
| | - Jill A. Gershan
- Department of Pediatrics at the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA
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95
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Goto A, Dobashi Y, Tsubochi H, Maeda D, Ooi A. MicroRNAs associated with increased AKT gene number in human lung carcinoma. Hum Pathol 2016; 56:1-10. [PMID: 27189341 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) expression profiles were examined in 3 groups of lung carcinomas that had been stratified by increases in AKT1 or AKT2 gene number. Microarray analysis using 2000 probes revealed 87 miRNAs that were up-regulated and 32 down-regulated miRNAs in carcinomas harboring amplification or high-level polysomy of the AKT1 (AKT1+), as well as 123 up-regulated and 83 down-regulated miRNAs in those of the AKT2 genes (AKT2+), in comparison with carcinomas harboring disomy of both (AKTd/d). In total, 182 miRNAs were up-regulated in AKT1+ or AKT2+, compared with AKTd/d. Among these, 28 miRNAs were up-regulated in both the AKT1+ and AKT2+ groups, with a log2 ratio between 1.02 and 3.71 relative to AKTd/d group, including all miR-200 family members. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction showed that carcinomas exhibiting lymph vessel invasion had significantly lower expression of miR-200a (P=.0230) and miR-200b (P=.0168), regardless of the status of the AKT genes. Moreover, a detailed statistical analysis revealed that, in adenocarcinoma and in the early stage of carcinomas (pathologic stage I/II), expression of miR-200a was higher in the AKT2+ group compared with the AKT1+ group, and these differences were statistically significant (P=.0334 and P=.0239, respectively). However, the expression of miR-200a was not significantly correlated with the expression of its target, the zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1; P=.3801) or E-cadherin (P=.2840), a marker of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. These results suggest that AKT2 can regulate miR-200a in a histology- or stage-specific manner and that this regulation is independent of subsequent involvement of miR-200a in epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiteru Goto
- Department of Cellular and Organ Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Yoh Dobashi
- Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama 330-8503, Japan.
| | - Hiroyoshi Tsubochi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama 330-8503, Japan
| | - Daichi Maeda
- Department of Cellular and Organ Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Akishi Ooi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
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96
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Debeb BG, Lacerda L, Anfossi S, Diagaradjane P, Chu K, Bambhroliya A, Huo L, Wei C, Larson RA, Wolfe AR, Xu W, Smith DL, Li L, Ivan C, Allen PK, Wu W, Calin GA, Krishnamurthy S, Zhang XH, Buchholz TA, Ueno NT, Reuben JM, Woodward WA. miR-141-Mediated Regulation of Brain Metastasis From Breast Cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2016; 108:djw026. [PMID: 27075851 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djw026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain metastasis poses a major treatment challenge and remains an unmet clinical need. Finding novel therapies to prevent and treat brain metastases requires an understanding of the biology and molecular basis of the process, which currently is constrained by a dearth of experimental models and specific therapeutic targets. METHODS Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP)-labeled breast cancer cells were injected via tail vein into SCID/Beige mice (n = 10-15 per group), and metastatic colonization to the brain and lung was evaluated eight weeks later. Knockdown and overexpression of miR-141 were achieved with lentiviral vectors. Serum levels of miR-141 were measured from breast cancer patients (n = 105), and the association with clinical outcome was determined by Kaplan-Meier method. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS Novel brain metastasis mouse models were developed via tail vein injection of parental triple-negative and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-overexpressing inflammatory breast cancer lines. Knockdown of miR-141 inhibited metastatic colonization to brain (miR-141 knockdown vs control: SUM149, 0/8 mice vs 6/9 mice,P= .009; MDA-IBC3, 2/14 mice vs 10/15 mice,P= .007). Ectopic expression of miR-141 in nonexpressing MDA-MB-231 enhanced brain metastatic colonization (5/9 mice vs 0/10 mice,P= .02). Furthermore, high miR-141 serum levels were associated with shorter brain metastasis-free survival (P= .04) and were an independent predictor of progression-free survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 4.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.61 to 8.71,P< .001) and overall survival (HR = 7.22, 95% CI = 3.46 to 15.06,P< .001). CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests miR-141 is a regulator of brain metastasis from breast cancer and should be examined as a biomarker and potential target to prevent and treat brain metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bisrat G Debeb
- Affiliation of authors: Departments of Experimental Radiation Oncology (BGD, LLa, PD, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi), Hematopathology (SA, JMR), Experimental Therapeutics (KC, CI, GAC), Pathology (LH, SK), Biostatistics (CW, WW), Radiation Oncology (AB, PKA, TAB, WAW), and Breast Medical Oncology (NTU), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (XHZ); Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (BGD, LLa, SA, LH, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi, SK, TAB, NTU, JMR, WAW)
| | - Lara Lacerda
- Affiliation of authors: Departments of Experimental Radiation Oncology (BGD, LLa, PD, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi), Hematopathology (SA, JMR), Experimental Therapeutics (KC, CI, GAC), Pathology (LH, SK), Biostatistics (CW, WW), Radiation Oncology (AB, PKA, TAB, WAW), and Breast Medical Oncology (NTU), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (XHZ); Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (BGD, LLa, SA, LH, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi, SK, TAB, NTU, JMR, WAW)
| | - Simone Anfossi
- Affiliation of authors: Departments of Experimental Radiation Oncology (BGD, LLa, PD, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi), Hematopathology (SA, JMR), Experimental Therapeutics (KC, CI, GAC), Pathology (LH, SK), Biostatistics (CW, WW), Radiation Oncology (AB, PKA, TAB, WAW), and Breast Medical Oncology (NTU), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (XHZ); Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (BGD, LLa, SA, LH, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi, SK, TAB, NTU, JMR, WAW)
| | - Parmeswaran Diagaradjane
- Affiliation of authors: Departments of Experimental Radiation Oncology (BGD, LLa, PD, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi), Hematopathology (SA, JMR), Experimental Therapeutics (KC, CI, GAC), Pathology (LH, SK), Biostatistics (CW, WW), Radiation Oncology (AB, PKA, TAB, WAW), and Breast Medical Oncology (NTU), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (XHZ); Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (BGD, LLa, SA, LH, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi, SK, TAB, NTU, JMR, WAW)
| | - Khoi Chu
- Affiliation of authors: Departments of Experimental Radiation Oncology (BGD, LLa, PD, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi), Hematopathology (SA, JMR), Experimental Therapeutics (KC, CI, GAC), Pathology (LH, SK), Biostatistics (CW, WW), Radiation Oncology (AB, PKA, TAB, WAW), and Breast Medical Oncology (NTU), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (XHZ); Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (BGD, LLa, SA, LH, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi, SK, TAB, NTU, JMR, WAW)
| | - Arvind Bambhroliya
- Affiliation of authors: Departments of Experimental Radiation Oncology (BGD, LLa, PD, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi), Hematopathology (SA, JMR), Experimental Therapeutics (KC, CI, GAC), Pathology (LH, SK), Biostatistics (CW, WW), Radiation Oncology (AB, PKA, TAB, WAW), and Breast Medical Oncology (NTU), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (XHZ); Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (BGD, LLa, SA, LH, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi, SK, TAB, NTU, JMR, WAW)
| | - Lei Huo
- Affiliation of authors: Departments of Experimental Radiation Oncology (BGD, LLa, PD, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi), Hematopathology (SA, JMR), Experimental Therapeutics (KC, CI, GAC), Pathology (LH, SK), Biostatistics (CW, WW), Radiation Oncology (AB, PKA, TAB, WAW), and Breast Medical Oncology (NTU), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (XHZ); Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (BGD, LLa, SA, LH, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi, SK, TAB, NTU, JMR, WAW)
| | - Caimiao Wei
- Affiliation of authors: Departments of Experimental Radiation Oncology (BGD, LLa, PD, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi), Hematopathology (SA, JMR), Experimental Therapeutics (KC, CI, GAC), Pathology (LH, SK), Biostatistics (CW, WW), Radiation Oncology (AB, PKA, TAB, WAW), and Breast Medical Oncology (NTU), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (XHZ); Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (BGD, LLa, SA, LH, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi, SK, TAB, NTU, JMR, WAW)
| | - Richard A Larson
- Affiliation of authors: Departments of Experimental Radiation Oncology (BGD, LLa, PD, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi), Hematopathology (SA, JMR), Experimental Therapeutics (KC, CI, GAC), Pathology (LH, SK), Biostatistics (CW, WW), Radiation Oncology (AB, PKA, TAB, WAW), and Breast Medical Oncology (NTU), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (XHZ); Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (BGD, LLa, SA, LH, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi, SK, TAB, NTU, JMR, WAW)
| | - Adam R Wolfe
- Affiliation of authors: Departments of Experimental Radiation Oncology (BGD, LLa, PD, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi), Hematopathology (SA, JMR), Experimental Therapeutics (KC, CI, GAC), Pathology (LH, SK), Biostatistics (CW, WW), Radiation Oncology (AB, PKA, TAB, WAW), and Breast Medical Oncology (NTU), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (XHZ); Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (BGD, LLa, SA, LH, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi, SK, TAB, NTU, JMR, WAW)
| | - Wei Xu
- Affiliation of authors: Departments of Experimental Radiation Oncology (BGD, LLa, PD, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi), Hematopathology (SA, JMR), Experimental Therapeutics (KC, CI, GAC), Pathology (LH, SK), Biostatistics (CW, WW), Radiation Oncology (AB, PKA, TAB, WAW), and Breast Medical Oncology (NTU), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (XHZ); Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (BGD, LLa, SA, LH, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi, SK, TAB, NTU, JMR, WAW)
| | - Daniel L Smith
- Affiliation of authors: Departments of Experimental Radiation Oncology (BGD, LLa, PD, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi), Hematopathology (SA, JMR), Experimental Therapeutics (KC, CI, GAC), Pathology (LH, SK), Biostatistics (CW, WW), Radiation Oncology (AB, PKA, TAB, WAW), and Breast Medical Oncology (NTU), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (XHZ); Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (BGD, LLa, SA, LH, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi, SK, TAB, NTU, JMR, WAW)
| | - Li Li
- Affiliation of authors: Departments of Experimental Radiation Oncology (BGD, LLa, PD, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi), Hematopathology (SA, JMR), Experimental Therapeutics (KC, CI, GAC), Pathology (LH, SK), Biostatistics (CW, WW), Radiation Oncology (AB, PKA, TAB, WAW), and Breast Medical Oncology (NTU), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (XHZ); Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (BGD, LLa, SA, LH, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi, SK, TAB, NTU, JMR, WAW)
| | - Cristina Ivan
- Affiliation of authors: Departments of Experimental Radiation Oncology (BGD, LLa, PD, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi), Hematopathology (SA, JMR), Experimental Therapeutics (KC, CI, GAC), Pathology (LH, SK), Biostatistics (CW, WW), Radiation Oncology (AB, PKA, TAB, WAW), and Breast Medical Oncology (NTU), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (XHZ); Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (BGD, LLa, SA, LH, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi, SK, TAB, NTU, JMR, WAW)
| | - Pamela K Allen
- Affiliation of authors: Departments of Experimental Radiation Oncology (BGD, LLa, PD, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi), Hematopathology (SA, JMR), Experimental Therapeutics (KC, CI, GAC), Pathology (LH, SK), Biostatistics (CW, WW), Radiation Oncology (AB, PKA, TAB, WAW), and Breast Medical Oncology (NTU), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (XHZ); Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (BGD, LLa, SA, LH, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi, SK, TAB, NTU, JMR, WAW)
| | - Wenhui Wu
- Affiliation of authors: Departments of Experimental Radiation Oncology (BGD, LLa, PD, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi), Hematopathology (SA, JMR), Experimental Therapeutics (KC, CI, GAC), Pathology (LH, SK), Biostatistics (CW, WW), Radiation Oncology (AB, PKA, TAB, WAW), and Breast Medical Oncology (NTU), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (XHZ); Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (BGD, LLa, SA, LH, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi, SK, TAB, NTU, JMR, WAW)
| | - George A Calin
- Affiliation of authors: Departments of Experimental Radiation Oncology (BGD, LLa, PD, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi), Hematopathology (SA, JMR), Experimental Therapeutics (KC, CI, GAC), Pathology (LH, SK), Biostatistics (CW, WW), Radiation Oncology (AB, PKA, TAB, WAW), and Breast Medical Oncology (NTU), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (XHZ); Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (BGD, LLa, SA, LH, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi, SK, TAB, NTU, JMR, WAW)
| | - Savitri Krishnamurthy
- Affiliation of authors: Departments of Experimental Radiation Oncology (BGD, LLa, PD, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi), Hematopathology (SA, JMR), Experimental Therapeutics (KC, CI, GAC), Pathology (LH, SK), Biostatistics (CW, WW), Radiation Oncology (AB, PKA, TAB, WAW), and Breast Medical Oncology (NTU), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (XHZ); Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (BGD, LLa, SA, LH, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi, SK, TAB, NTU, JMR, WAW)
| | - Xiang H Zhang
- Affiliation of authors: Departments of Experimental Radiation Oncology (BGD, LLa, PD, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi), Hematopathology (SA, JMR), Experimental Therapeutics (KC, CI, GAC), Pathology (LH, SK), Biostatistics (CW, WW), Radiation Oncology (AB, PKA, TAB, WAW), and Breast Medical Oncology (NTU), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (XHZ); Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (BGD, LLa, SA, LH, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi, SK, TAB, NTU, JMR, WAW)
| | - Thomas A Buchholz
- Affiliation of authors: Departments of Experimental Radiation Oncology (BGD, LLa, PD, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi), Hematopathology (SA, JMR), Experimental Therapeutics (KC, CI, GAC), Pathology (LH, SK), Biostatistics (CW, WW), Radiation Oncology (AB, PKA, TAB, WAW), and Breast Medical Oncology (NTU), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (XHZ); Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (BGD, LLa, SA, LH, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi, SK, TAB, NTU, JMR, WAW)
| | - Naoto T Ueno
- Affiliation of authors: Departments of Experimental Radiation Oncology (BGD, LLa, PD, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi), Hematopathology (SA, JMR), Experimental Therapeutics (KC, CI, GAC), Pathology (LH, SK), Biostatistics (CW, WW), Radiation Oncology (AB, PKA, TAB, WAW), and Breast Medical Oncology (NTU), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (XHZ); Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (BGD, LLa, SA, LH, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi, SK, TAB, NTU, JMR, WAW)
| | - James M Reuben
- Affiliation of authors: Departments of Experimental Radiation Oncology (BGD, LLa, PD, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi), Hematopathology (SA, JMR), Experimental Therapeutics (KC, CI, GAC), Pathology (LH, SK), Biostatistics (CW, WW), Radiation Oncology (AB, PKA, TAB, WAW), and Breast Medical Oncology (NTU), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (XHZ); Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (BGD, LLa, SA, LH, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi, SK, TAB, NTU, JMR, WAW)
| | - Wendy A Woodward
- Affiliation of authors: Departments of Experimental Radiation Oncology (BGD, LLa, PD, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi), Hematopathology (SA, JMR), Experimental Therapeutics (KC, CI, GAC), Pathology (LH, SK), Biostatistics (CW, WW), Radiation Oncology (AB, PKA, TAB, WAW), and Breast Medical Oncology (NTU), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (XHZ); Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (BGD, LLa, SA, LH, RAL, ARW, WX, DLS, LLi, SK, TAB, NTU, JMR, WAW)
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Mathematical modelling of phenotypic plasticity and conversion to a stem-cell state under hypoxia. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18074. [PMID: 26838463 PMCID: PMC4738268 DOI: 10.1038/srep18074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia, or oxygen deficiency, is known to be associated with breast tumour progression, resistance to conventional therapies and poor clinical prognosis. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process that confers invasive and migratory capabilities as well as stem cell properties to carcinoma cells thus promoting metastatic progression. In this work, we examined the impact of hypoxia on EMT-associated cancer stem cell (CSC) properties, by culturing transformed human mammary epithelial cells under normoxic and hypoxic conditions, and applying in silico mathematical modelling to simulate the impact of hypoxia on the acquisition of CSC attributes and the transitions between differentiated and stem-like states. Our results indicate that both the heterogeneity and the plasticity of the transformed cell population are enhanced by exposure to hypoxia, resulting in a shift towards a more stem-like population with increased EMT features. Our findings are further reinforced by gene expression analyses demonstrating the upregulation of EMT-related genes, as well as genes associated with therapy resistance, in hypoxic cells compared to normoxic counterparts. In conclusion, we demonstrate that mathematical modelling can be used to simulate the role of hypoxia as a key contributor to the plasticity and heterogeneity of transformed human mammary epithelial cells.
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98
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Matouk IJ, Halle D, Raveh E, Gilon M, Sorin V, Hochberg A. The role of the oncofetal H19 lncRNA in tumor metastasis: orchestrating the EMT-MET decision. Oncotarget 2016; 7:3748-65. [PMID: 26623562 PMCID: PMC4826167 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) genes are emerging as key players in the metastatic cascade. Current evidence indicate that H19 lncRNA and the microRNA(miRNA) miR-675, which is processed from it, play crucial roles in metastasis, through the regulation of critical events specifically the epithelial to mesenchymal (EMT) and the mesenchymal to epithelial transitions (MET). This review summarizes recent mechanistic pathways and tries to put together seemingly conflicting data from different reports under one proposed general scheme underlying the various roles of H19/miR-675 in the metastatic cascade. We propose several approaches to harnessing this knowledge for translational medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imad J. Matouk
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, West Bank
| | - David Halle
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eli Raveh
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michal Gilon
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Vladimir Sorin
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Avraham Hochberg
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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99
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Madhavan D, Peng C, Wallwiener M, Zucknick M, Nees J, Schott S, Rudolph A, Riethdorf S, Trumpp A, Pantel K, Sohn C, Chang-Claude J, Schneeweiss A, Burwinkel B. Circulating miRNAs with prognostic value in metastatic breast cancer and for early detection of metastasis. Carcinogenesis 2016; 37:461-70. [PMID: 26785733 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgw008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the principal cause of high morbidity and mortality among breast cancer (BC) patients. Identification of markers that can be routinely monitored to predict onset of metastasis in BC patients and prognosis of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients would increase their median survival. In this study, plasma miRNAs of 40 MBC patients were profiled by TaqMan low density arrays and miRNAs with prognostic capacity were identified. The candidates were validated initially in the samples of 237 MBC patients and subsequently in 335 samples from an independent study cohort of BC patients. Sixteen miRNAs were established to be significantly associated with overall survival, and were termed as prognostic miRNA panel template (PROMPT). These included miR-141, miR-144, miR-193b, miR-200a, miR-200b, miR-200c, miR-203, miR-210, miR-215, miR-365, miR-375, miR-429, miR-486-5p, miR-801, miR-1260 and miR-1274a. Additionally, 11 of these miRNAs were also associated with progression-free survival. Their prognostic significance was further confirmed in samples from a second study cohort of BC patients. In addition, miR-200a, miR-200b, miR-200c, miR-210, miR-215 and miR-486-5p were found to be significantly associated with onset of metastasis up to 2 years prior to clinical diagnosis in BC patients. We have thus identified panels of miRNAs, which include metastasis promoting miR-200 family and miR-203, as well as oncogenic and tumor-suppressive miRNAs, that can serve as prognostic markers for MBC, and early detection markers of metastasis in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharanija Madhavan
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer
| | - Cike Peng
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer,
| | - Markus Wallwiener
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, National Center for Tumor Diseases, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Manuela Zucknick
- Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Department of Biostatistics, Oslo Center for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Juliane Nees
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, National Center for Tumor Diseases, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Anja Rudolph
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Riethdorf
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Trumpp
- Hi-STEM-Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine GmbH, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany and Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus Pantel
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Schneeweiss
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, National Center for Tumor Diseases, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Burwinkel
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer
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100
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The microRNA-200 family: small molecules with novel roles in cancer development, progression and therapy. Oncotarget 2016; 6:6472-98. [PMID: 25762624 PMCID: PMC4466628 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a large family of small non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate protein-coding gene expression post-transcriptionally via base pairing between the 5′ seed region of a miRNA and the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) of a messenger RNA (mRNA). Recent evidence has supported the critical role that miRNAs play in many diseases including cancer. The miR-200 family consisting of 5 members (miR-200a, -200b, -200c, -141, -429) is an emerging miRNA family that has been shown to play crucial roles in cancer initiation and metastasis, and potentially be important for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. While miR-200s were found to be critically involved in the metastatic colonization to the lungs in mouse mammary xenograft tumor models, a large number of studies demonstrated their strong suppressive effects on cell transformation, cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, tumor growth and metastasis. This review aims to discuss research findings about the role of the miR-200 family in cancer initiation, each step of cancer metastatic cascade, cancer diagnosis and treatment. A comprehensive summary of currently validated miR-200 targets is also presented. It is concluded that miR-200 family may serve as novel targets for the therapy of multiple types of cancer.
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