51
|
Zhou Y, Li Y, Zhou T, Zheng J, Li S, Li HB. Dietary Natural Products for Prevention and Treatment of Liver Cancer. Nutrients 2016; 8:156. [PMID: 26978396 PMCID: PMC4808884 DOI: 10.3390/nu8030156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is the most common malignancy of the digestive system with high death rate. Accumulating evidences suggests that many dietary natural products are potential sources for prevention and treatment of liver cancer, such as grapes, black currant, plum, pomegranate, cruciferous vegetables, French beans, tomatoes, asparagus, garlic, turmeric, ginger, soy, rice bran, and some edible macro-fungi. These dietary natural products and their active components could affect the development and progression of liver cancer in various ways, such as inhibiting tumor cell growth and metastasis, protecting against liver carcinogens, immunomodulating and enhancing effects of chemotherapeutic drugs. This review summarizes the potential prevention and treatment activities of dietary natural products and their major bioactive constituents on liver cancer, and discusses possible mechanisms of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Ya Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Tong Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Jie Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
- South China Sea Bioresource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Cho O, Hwang HS, Lee BS, Oh YT, Kim CH, Chun M. Met inactivation by S-allylcysteine suppresses the migration and invasion of nasopharyngeal cancer cells induced by hepatocyte growth factor. Radiat Oncol J 2015; 33:328-36. [PMID: 26756033 PMCID: PMC4707216 DOI: 10.3857/roj.2015.33.4.328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Past studies have reported that S-allylcysteine (SAC) inhibits the migration and invasion of cancer cells through the restoration of E-cadherin, the reduction of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and Slug protein expression, and inhibition of the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, evidence is emerging that shows that ROS induced by radiation could increase Met activation. Following on these reports of SAC and Met, we investigated whether SAC could suppress Met activation. Materials and Methods Wound healing, invasion, 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT), soft agar colony forming, western blotting, and gelatin zymography assays were performed in the human nasopharyngeal cancer cell lines HNE1 and HONE1 treated with SAC (0, 10, 20, or 40 mM) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). Results This study showed that SAC could suppress the migration and invasion of HNE1 and HONE1 cell lines by inhibiting p-Met. An increase of migration and invasion induced by HGF and its decrease in a dose dependent manner by SAC in wound healing and invasion assays was observed. The reduction of p-Met by SAC was positively correlated with p-focal adhesion kinase (p-FAK) and p-extracellular related kinase (p-ERK in both cell lines). SAC reduced Slug, MMP2, and MMP9 involved in migration and invasion with the inhibition of Met-FAK signaling. Conclusion These results suggest that SAC inhibited not only Met activation but also the downstream FAK, Slug, and MMP expression. Finally, SAC may be a potent anticancer compound for nasopharyngeal cancer treated with radiotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oyeon Cho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hye-Sook Hwang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Bok-Soon Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Young-Taek Oh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Mison Chun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Li C, Wu X, Zhang H, Yang G, Hao M, Sheng S, Sun Y, Long J, Hu C, Sun X, Li L, Zheng J. A Huaier polysaccharide reduced metastasis of human hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC-7721 cells via modulating AUF-1 signaling pathway. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:6285-93. [PMID: 25787750 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3314-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
TP-1 is a polysaccharide from one famous fungus Huaier. Treatment with TP-1 significantly inhibited the cell growth, adhesion, migration, and motility of SMMC-7721 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR revealed a dose-dependent decrease in RNA-binding factor 1 (AUF-1) and astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) messenger RNA (mRNA) levels in TP-1-treated SMMC-7721 cells, which is consistent with their protein expression detected by Western blotting. On the contrary, microRNA-122 (miR-122) expression increased in SMMC-7721 cells following TP-1 treatment. Moreover, TP-1 treatment at three doses apparently increased epithelial marker E-cadherin protein expression but decreased the mesenchymal marker N-cadherin protein level. In addition, the hematoxylin-eosin (H & E) staining showed that the TP-1 significantly inhibited the lung metastasis of liver cancer in mice orthotopic implanted with SMMC-7721 tumor tissue. Taken together, these findings proved the inhibitory effect of TP-1 on the growth and metastasis of SMMC-7721 cells, and TP-1 might be offered for future application as a powerful chemopreventive agent against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Li
- Intervention Therapy Center of Liver Diseases, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100069, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
54
|
Neuroprotective therapeutics from botanicals and phytochemicals against Huntington's disease and related neurodegenerative disorders. J Herb Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2015.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
55
|
Zou Y, Xiong H, Xiong H, Lu T, Zhu F, Luo Z, Yuan X, Wang Y. A polysaccharide from mushroom Huaier retards human hepatocellular carcinoma growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis in nude mice. Tumour Biol 2014; 36:2929-36. [PMID: 25492485 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2923-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mushroom Huaier has become a focus of interest in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Presently, we isolated and purified one polysaccharide from this mushroom. This study aimed to investigate the effects of SP1 on tumor growth and metastasis in a HCC xenograft model and explore its possible mechanism of action. Our results showed that SP1 not only significantly inhibited the proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells in vitro at the concentration ranging from 0 to 800 μg/ml but also suppressed the HCC tumor growth and metastatic nodules to the lung in SMMC-7721-bearing mice by oral administration at three doses of 30, 60, and 120 mg/kg. Concomitantly, immunohistochemistry analysis of tumor tissues identified that SP1 administration at three doses significantly inhibited the in vivo cancer cell proliferation and microvessel density (MVD) formation, evidenced by a low proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and CD34 expression, but increased the percentage of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells. Keeping in line with this observation, SP1 treatment decreased serum matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels, downregulated the protein expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha, VEGF, MMP2, bcl-2, N-cadherin, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and metadherin (MTDH), and upregulated bax and NE-cadherin protein expression in tumor tissues. Taken together, our data suggest that SP1 appears to be a promising chemopreventive agent for the tumorigenesis and metastasis in patients with HCC, especially at advanced stages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Zou
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
56
|
Saxena A, Kaur K, Hegde S, Kalekhan FM, Baliga MS, Fayad R. Dietary agents and phytochemicals in the prevention and treatment of experimental ulcerative colitis. J Tradit Complement Med 2014; 4:203-17. [PMID: 25379461 PMCID: PMC4220497 DOI: 10.4103/2225-4110.139111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), consisting mainly of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), are important immune-mediated diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. The etiology of the disease includes environmental and genetic factors. Its management presents a constant challenge for gastroenterologists and conventional surgeon. 5-Amninosalicylates, antibiotics, steroids, and immune modulators have been used to reduce the symptoms and for maintenance of remission. Unfortunately, long-term usage of these agents has been found to lead to severe toxicities, which are deterrent to the users. Pre-clinical studies carried out in the recent past have shown that certain dietary agents, spices, oils, and dietary phytochemicals that are consumed regularly possess beneficial effects in preventing/ameliorating UC. For the first time, this review addresses the use of these dietary agents and spices in the treatment and prevention of IBD and also emphasizes on the mechanisms responsible for their effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arpit Saxena
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Kamaljeet Kaur
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Shweta Hegde
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Faizan M Kalekhan
- Research and Development, Father Muller Medical College, Kankanady, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Raja Fayad
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Ng KTP, Xu A, Cheng Q, Guo DY, Lim ZXH, Sun CKW, Fung JHS, Poon RTP, Fan ST, Lo CM, Man K. Clinical relevance and therapeutic potential of angiopoietin-like protein 4 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Cancer 2014; 13:196. [PMID: 25148701 PMCID: PMC4149052 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-13-196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Development of novel adjuvant therapy to eradicate tumor angiogenesis and metastasis is a pressing need for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to investigate the clinical relevance and therapeutic potential of angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) in HCC. Methods ANGPTL4 mRNA levels in tumor and non-tumor liver tissues of HCC patients were analyzed to investigate its clinical relevance. The mechanisms of deregulation of ANGPTL4 in HCC were studied by copy number variation (CNV) and CpG methylation analyses. The orthotopic liver tumor nude mice model was applied using a human metastatic cell line. ANGPTL4-overexpressing adenovirus (Ad-ANGPTL4) was injected via portal vein to investigate its anti-tumorigenic and anti-metastatic potentials. Results HCC tissues expressed significantly lower levels of ANGPTL4 mRNA than non-tumor tissues. The copy number of ANGPTL4 gene in tumor tissues was significantly lower than in non-tumor tissues of HCC patients. Higher frequency of methylation of CpG sites of ANGPTL4 promoter was detected in tumor tissues compared to non-tumor tissues. Downregulation of ANGPTL4 mRNA in HCC was significantly associated with advanced tumor stage, presence of venous infiltration, poor differentiation, higher AFP level, appearance of tumor recurrence, and poor postoperative overall and disease-free survivals of HCC patients. Treatment with Ad-ANGPTL4 significantly inhibited the in vivo tumor growth, invasiveness and metastasis by promoting tumoral apoptosis, inhibiting tumoral angiogenesis and motility, and suppressing tumor-favorable microenvironment. Moreover, administration of recombinant ANGPTL4 protein suppressed the motility of HCC cells and altered the secretion profile of cytokines from macrophages. Conclusion ANGPTL4 is a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for HCC patients and a potential therapeutic agent to suppress HCC growth, angiogenesis and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kwan Man
- Department of Surgery and Centre for Cancer Research, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Room L9-55, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine Building, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Design and synthesis of novel soluble 2,5-diketopiperazine derivatives as potential anticancer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 83:236-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
59
|
Identification and quantification of S-allyl-l-cysteine in heated garlic juice by HPLC with ultraviolet and mass spectrometry detection. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
60
|
Kenawy S, Mohammed GF, Younes S, Elakhras AI. Evaluation of TNF-α serum level in patients with recalcitrant multiple common warts, treated by lipid garlic extract. Dermatol Ther 2014; 27:272-7. [PMID: 24910383 DOI: 10.1111/dth.12136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
No universal consensus about optimal modality for treating the recalcitrant multiple common warts (RMCW). The objective of the study was to evaluate the immunological mechanisms and clinical therapeutic effect of using lipid garlic extract (LGE) in the treatment of RMCW. The study included 50 patients with RMCW. They were randomly assigned into two groups: the first group (25 patients) received LGE, and the second group (25 patients) received saline as a control group. In both groups, treatments were made to single lesions, or largest wart in case of multiple lesions, until complete clearance of lesions or for a maximum of 4 weeks. Blood serum was taken at pre-study and at the fourth week to measure tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) level. A significant difference was found between the therapeutic responses of RMCW to LGE antigen and saline control group (p < 0.001). In the LGE group, complete response was achieved in 96% of patients presenting with RMCW. There was a statistically nonsignificant increase in TNF-α of LGE group versus saline group. No recurrence was observed in the LGE group. LGE as an immunotherapy is an inexpensive, effective, and safe modality with good cure rates for treatment of RMCWs, when other topical or physical therapies have failed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soha Kenawy
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
61
|
Progesterone increases apoptosis and inversely decreases autophagy in human hepatoma HA22T/VGH cells treated with epirubicin. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:567148. [PMID: 24971383 PMCID: PMC4055367 DOI: 10.1155/2014/567148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Epirubicin can induce intracellular reactive oxygen species and is widely used to treat unresectable HCC. Progesterone has been found to inhibit the proliferation of hepatoma cells. This study was designed to test the combined effects of epirubicin and progesterone on human hepatoma cell line, HA22T/VGH. These cells were treated with different concentrations of epirubicin with or without the coaddition of 30 μM progesterone and then analyzed for apoptosis, autophagy, and expressions of apoptotic-related proteins and multidrug-resistant gene. Epirubicin treatment dose-dependently inhibited the growth of HA22T/VGH cells. Addition of 30 μM progesterone, which was inactive alone, augmented the effect of epirubicin on the inhibition of growth of HA22T/VGH cells. Cotreatment with progesterone enhanced epirubicin-induced apoptosis, as evidenced by greater increase in caspase-3 activity and in the ratio of the apoptosis-regulating protein, Bax/Bcl-XL. The combination also caused a decrease in autophagy and in the expression of multidrug resistance-related protein 1 mRNA compared to epirubicin alone. This study shows the epirubicin/progesterone combination was more effective in increasing apoptosis and inversely decreasing autophagy on HA22T/VGH cells treated with epirubicin alone, suggesting that this combination can potentially be used to treat HCC.
Collapse
|
62
|
Jo M, Yun HM, Park KR, Park MH, Lee DH, Cho SH, Yoo HS, Lee YM, Jeong HS, Kim Y, Jung JK, Hwang BY, Lee MK, Kim ND, Han SB, Hong JT. Anti-cancer effect of thiacremonone through down regulation of peroxiredoxin 6. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91508. [PMID: 24618722 PMCID: PMC3950181 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Thiacremonone (2, 4-dihydroxy-2, 5-dimethyl-thiophene-3-one) is an antioxidant substance as a novel sulfur compound generated from High-Temperature-High-Pressure-treated garlic. Peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) is a member of peroxidases, and has glutathione peroxidase and calcium-independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2) activities. Several studies have demonstrated that PRDX6 stimulates lung cancer cell growth via an increase of glutathione peroxidase activity. A docking model study and pull down assay showed that thiacremonone completely fits on the active site (cys-47) of glutathione peroxidase of PRDX6 and interacts with PRDX6. Thus, we investigated whether thiacremonone inhibits cell growth by blocking glutathione peroxidase of PRDX6 in the human lung cancer cells, A549 and NCI-H460. Thiacremonone (0-50 μg/ml) inhibited lung cancer cell growth in a concentration dependent manner through induction of apoptotic cell death accompanied by induction of cleaved caspase-3, -8, -9, Bax, p21 and p53, but decrease of xIAP, cIAP and Bcl2 expression. Thiacremonone further inhibited glutathione peroxidase activity in lung cancer cells. However, the cell growth inhibitory effect of thiacremonone was not observed in the lung cancer cells transfected with mutant PRDX6 (C47S) and in the presence of dithiothreitol and glutathione. In an allograft in vivo model, thiacremonone (30 mg/kg) also inhibited tumor growth accompanied with the reduction of PRDX6 expression and glutathione peroxidase activity, but increased expression of cleaved caspase-3, -8, -9, Bax, p21 and p53. These data indicate that thiacremonone inhibits tumor growth via inhibition of glutathione peroxidase activity of PRDX6 through interaction. These data suggest that thiacremonone may have potentially beneficial effects in lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miran Jo
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Hyung-Mun Yun
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Kyung-Ran Park
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Mi Hee Park
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Dong Hun Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Seung Hee Cho
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Hwan-Soo Yoo
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Yong-Moon Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Heon Sang Jeong
- College of Agriculture, Life and Environments Science, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Youngsoo Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Jung
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Bang Yeon Hwang
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Mi Kyeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Nam Doo Kim
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sang Bae Han
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Xu YS, Feng JG, Zhang D, Zhang B, Luo M, Su D, Lin NM. S-allylcysteine, a garlic derivative, suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis in human ovarian cancer cells in vitro. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2014; 35:267-74. [PMID: 24362328 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2013.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effects of S-allylcysteine (SAC), a water-soluble garlic derivative, on human ovarian cancer cells in vitro. METHODS Human epithelial ovarian cancer cell line A2780 was tested. Cell proliferation was examined with CCK-8 and colony formation assays. Cell cycle was analyzed with flow cytometry. Cell apoptosis was studied using Hoechst 33258 staining and Annexin V/PI staining with flow cytometry. The migration and invasion of A2780 cells were examined with transwell and wound healing assays. The expression of relevant proteins was detected with Western blot assays. RESULTS SAC (1-100 mmol/L) inhibited the proliferation of A2780 cells in dose- and time-dependent manners (the IC50 value was approximately 25 mmol/L at 48 h, and less than 6.25 mmol/L at 96 h). Furthermore, SAC dose-dependently inhibited the colony formation of A2780 cells. Treatment of A2780 cells with SAC resulted in G1/S phase arrest and induced apoptosis, accompanied by decreased expression of pro-caspase-3, Parp-1 and Bcl-2, and increased expression of active caspase-3 and Bax. SAC treatment significantly reduced the migration of A2780 cells, and markedly decreased the protein expression of Wnt5a, p-AKT and c-Jun, which were the key proteins involved in proliferation and metastasis. CONCLUSION SAC suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis in A2780 ovarian cancer cells in vitro.
Collapse
|
64
|
Wang HC, Pao J, Lin SY, Sheen LY. Molecular mechanisms of garlic-derived allyl sulfides in the inhibition of skin cancer progression. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2013; 1271:44-52. [PMID: 23050963 PMCID: PMC3499657 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06743.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Skin cancer is a serious concern whose incidence is increasing at an alarming rate. Allyl sulfides—i.e., sulfur metabolites in garlic oil—have been demonstrated to have anticancer activity against several cancer types, although the mechanisms underlying these effects remain enigmatic. Our previous study showed that diallyl trisulfide (DATS) is more potent than mono- and disulfides against skin cancer. DATS inhibits cell growth of human melanoma A375 cells and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) cells by increasing the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA damage and by inducing G2/M arrest, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, including the caspase-dependent and -independent pathways. This short review focuses on the molecular mechanisms of garlic-derived allyl sulfides on skin cancer prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Chi Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, ROC
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
65
|
Raghu R, Lu KH, Sheen LY. Recent Research Progress on Garlic ( dà suàn) as a Potential Anticarcinogenic Agent Against Major Digestive Cancers. J Tradit Complement Med 2012; 2:192-201. [PMID: 24716132 PMCID: PMC3942895 DOI: 10.1016/s2225-4110(16)30099-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Garlic ( dà suàn; the bulb of Allium sativum), bestowed with an array of organosulfur compounds finds its application in treating many ailments including cardiovascular problems, common cold, bacterial and fungal infections and cancer. Numerous epidemiological evidences document the beneficial effects of various bioactive organosulfur compounds of garlic against different types of cancer. Studies involving the animal and cell models indicate garlic bioactive compounds could be effective in treating all the stages of cancer. This review gives an update on the recent pre-clinical and clinical trials, carried out to evaluate the efficacy of various garlic bioactive compounds along with the mechanism of action pertaining to major digestive cancers including liver, gastric and colorectal cancers. The major anti-carcinogenic mechanisms are caspase dependent and/or independent induction of apoptosis, anti-proliferative, anti-metastasis, anti-oxidant and immunomodulative properties. Form the clinical trials an increase in the garlic consumption of 20 g/day reduced the risk of gastric and colorectal cancer. In summary, increased uptake of garlic in diet may prevent the incidence of digestive cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajasekaran Raghu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Hung Lu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Yan Sheen
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|