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Batai K, Imler E, Pangilinan J, Bell R, Lwin A, Price E, Milinic T, Arora A, Ellis NA, Bracamonte E, Seligmann B, Lee BR. Whole-transcriptome sequencing identified gene expression signatures associated with aggressive clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Genes Cancer 2018; 9:247-256. [PMID: 30603059 PMCID: PMC6305109 DOI: 10.18632/genesandcancer.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most prevalent subtype of kidney cancer, yet molecular biomarkers have not been used for the prognosis of ccRCC to aide clinical decision making. This study aimed to identify genes associated with ccRCC aggressiveness and overall survival (OS). Samples of ccRCC tumor tissue were obtained from 33 patients who underwent nephrectomy. Gene expression was determined using whole-transcriptome sequencing. The Cancer Genome Atlas Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma (TCGA-KIRC) RNA-seq data was used to test association with OS. 290 genes were differentially expressed between tumors with high and low stage, size, grade, and necrosis (SSIGN) score (≥7 vs. ≤3) with PADJ<0.05. Four genes, G6PD, APLP1, GCNT3, and PLPP2, were also over-expressed in advanced stage (III and IV) and high grade (3 and 4) ccRCC and tumor with necrosis (PADJ<0.05). Investigation stratifying by stage found that APLP1 and PLPP2 overexpression were significantly associated with poorer OS in the early stage (Quartile 1 vs. Quartile 4, HR = 3.87, 95% CI:1.25-11.97, P = 0.02 and HR = 4.77, 95% CI:1.37-16.57, P = 0.04 respectively). These genes are potential biomarkers of ccRCC aggressiveness and prognosis that direct clinical and surgical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Batai
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Jayce Pangilinan
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Robert Bell
- Department of Pathology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Aye Lwin
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Elinora Price
- Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Tijana Milinic
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Amit Arora
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Nathan A Ellis
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | | | - Benjamin R Lee
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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52
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Liu F, Li N, Yang W, Wang R, Yu J, Wang X. The expression analysis of NGAL and NGALR in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Gene 2018; 676:269-278. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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53
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Niu H, Li F, Wang Q, Ye Z, Chen Q, Lin Y. High expression level of MMP9 is associated with poor prognosis in patients with clear cell renal carcinoma. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5050. [PMID: 30013825 PMCID: PMC6035719 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) was found to be associated with tumor aggressiveness. In this study, we focused on the correlation between MMP9 expression and clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC). Through the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, we observed that compared with adjacent normal renal tissues, in ccRCC tissues the mRNA and protein levels of MMP9 were enhanced, and the mRNA levels of GTP-binding protein smg p21B(RAP1B), B rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma (RAF), methyl ethyl ketone2 (MEK2), extracellular regulated protein kinases1 (ERK1), ERK2, v-ets avian erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog1 (ETS1) and ETS2 also increased. The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis suggested that high MMP9 expression was an unfavorable prognostic biomarker for ccRCC patients. Our results indicated that the increased expression level of MMP9 in ccRCC may be due to the activation of the Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK)/ERK signaling pathway, and MMP9 may be an attractive target for ccRCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Niu
- Fujian Normal University, Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Sciences, Fuzhou, China
| | - Feng Li
- Provincial Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Department of Pathology, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qingshui Wang
- Fujian Normal University, Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhoujie Ye
- Fujian Normal University, Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Sciences, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Fujian Normal University, Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Sciences, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yao Lin
- Fujian Normal University, Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Fuzhou, China
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54
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Li F, Wang Q, Xiong X, Wang C, Liu X, Liao Z, Li K, Xie B, Lin Y. Expression of 4E-BP1 and phospho-4E-BP1 correlates with the prognosis of patients with clear cell renal carcinoma. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:1553-1563. [PMID: 29942157 PMCID: PMC6007205 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s158547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) is a key regulator of protein synthesis. Changes in eIF4E activity disproportionally affect the translation of a subset of oncogenic mRNAs in some cancers. Materials and methods We have assessed the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGFC), eIF4E, eIF4E-binding proteins (4E-BPs) and phospho-4E-BP1 in clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC; n=101) using immunohistochemistry and analyzed the relevant mRNA levels and survival using online databases. Results The protein levels of VEGFC, an eIF4E-regulated gene, were upregulated in ccRCC tissues compared with adjacent normal renal tissues, indicating an enhanced eIF4E activity in ccRCC. The expression of eIF4E had no significant changes in ccRCC tissues. However, 4E-BP1 and phospho-4E-BP1 were found to be overexpressed in ccRCC tissues (P<0.05), and the high mRNA and protein levels of 4E-BP1 and phospho-4E-BP1 correlated with an unfavorable clinical outcome in ccRCC patients. Meanwhile, the mRNA expression of PIK3CD and PIK3CG were enhanced in ccRCC. Conclusion From these results, we could infer that the increase in eIF4E activity may be caused by the increased phospho-4E-BP1 level, which was probably due to the activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Provincial Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingshui Wang
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxue Xiong
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenyi Wang
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Anxi County Hospital, Anxi, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziqiang Liao
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Li
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Bifeng Xie
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Lin
- Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
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55
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Chen B, Jiao Z, Yin X, Qian Z, Gu J, Sun H. Novel insights into biomarkers associated with renal cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:83-90. [PMID: 29928389 PMCID: PMC6006415 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common form of cancer of the urinary tract. The present study aimed to identify driver genes in RCC using a bioinformatics approach. GSE53757 and GSE40435 microarray data were analyzed, and differentially expressed genes were filtered prior to gene ontology (GO) and pathway analysis. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established. Overall survival and recurrence were investigated and based on data presented in cBioPortal. The COPS7B gene within the PPI network was selected for further study in vitro. The present study identified 174 and 149 genes possessing a significant signal to noise ratio in GSE53757 and GSE40435, respectively. In total, 53 of these genes were selected based upon inclusion in both datasets. GO analysis indicated that PRKCDBP, EHD2, KCNJ10, ATP1A1, KCNJ1 and EHD2 may be involved in various biological processes. Furthermore, ALDH6A1, LDHA, SUCLG1 and ABAT may be involved in the propanoate metabolism pathway. A network consisting of 106 genes, and one typical cluster were constructed. In addition, COPS7B was selected, as it was associated with decreased overall survival and increased recurrence rates, in order to elucidate its function in RCC. Furthermore, upregulation of COPS7B was demonstrated to be predictive of advanced stage disease and metastasis of RCC. Finally, COPS7B-knockdown inhibited RCC cell proliferation and invasion ability. Collectively, these results provided novel insights into COPS7B function, indicating that COPS7B may serve as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target in RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghai Chen
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212000, P.R. China
| | - Zhimin Jiao
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212000, P.R. China
| | - Xifeng Yin
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212000, P.R. China
| | - Zhounan Qian
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212000, P.R. China
| | - Jie Gu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212000, P.R. China
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212000, P.R. China
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56
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Cell-Type-Specific Gene Programs of the Normal Human Nephron Define Kidney Cancer Subtypes. Cell Rep 2018; 20:1476-1489. [PMID: 28793269 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Comprehensive transcriptome studies of cancers often rely on corresponding normal tissue samples to serve as a transcriptional reference. In this study, we performed in-depth analyses of normal kidney tissue transcriptomes from the TCGA and demonstrate that the histological variability in cellularity, inherent in the kidney architecture, lead to considerable transcriptional differences between samples. This should be considered when comparing expression profiles of normal and cancerous kidney tissues. We exploited these differences to define renal-cell-specific gene signatures and used these as a framework to analyze renal cell carcinoma (RCC) ontogeny. Chromophobe RCCs express FOXI1-driven genes that define collecting duct intercalated cells, whereas HNF-regulated genes, specific for proximal tubule cells, are an integral part of clear cell and papillary RCC transcriptomes. These networks may be used as a framework for understanding the interplay between genomic changes in RCC subtypes and the lineage-defining regulatory machinery of their non-neoplastic counterparts.
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57
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Schöneberg T, Meister J, Knierim AB, Schulz A. The G protein-coupled receptor GPR34 - The past 20 years of a grownup. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 189:71-88. [PMID: 29684466 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Research on GPR34, which was discovered in 1999 as an orphan G protein-coupled receptor of the rhodopsin-like class, disclosed its physiologic relevance only piece by piece. Being present in all recent vertebrate genomes analyzed so far it seems to improve the fitness of species although it is not essential for life and reproduction as GPR34-deficient mice demonstrate. However, closer inspection of macrophages and microglia, where it is mainly expressed, revealed its relevance in immune cell function. Recent data clearly demonstrate that GPR34 function is required to arrest microglia in the M0 homeostatic non-phagocytic phenotype. Herein, we summarize the current knowledge on its evolution, genomic and structural organization, physiology, pharmacology and relevance in human diseases including neurodegenerative diseases and cancer, which accumulated over the last 20 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Schöneberg
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Jaroslawna Meister
- Molecular Signaling Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Alexander Bernd Knierim
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB AdiposityDiseases, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Angela Schulz
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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58
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Wang J, Tan M, Ge J, Zhang P, Zhong J, Tao L, Wang Q, Tong X, Qiu J. Lysosomal acid lipase promotes cholesterol ester metabolism and drives clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression. Cell Prolif 2018; 51:e12452. [PMID: 29569766 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is characterized histologically by accumulation of cholesterol esters, cholesterol and other neutral lipids. Lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) is a critical enzyme involved in the cholesterol ester metabolism. Here, we sought to determine whether LAL could orchestrate metabolism of cholesterol esters in order to promote ccRCC progression. MATERIALS AND METHODS Quantitative reverse-transcription PCR and western blots were conducted to assess the expression of LAL in human ccRCC tissues. We analysed the relationship between LAL levels and patient survival using tissue microarrays. We used cell proliferation assays, colony formation assays, cell death assays, metabolic assays and xenograft tumour models to evaluate the biological function and underlying mechanisms. RESULTS LAL was up-regulated in ccRCC tissue. Tissue microarray analysis revealed higher levels of LAL in advanced grades of ccRCC, and high LAL expression indicated lower patient survival. Suppressing LAL expression not only blocked the utilization of cholesterol esters but also impaired proliferation and cellular survival. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry staining showed that LAL expression was correlated with Akt phosphorylation. Suppressing LAL expression decreased the phosphorylation level of Akt and Src and reduced the level of 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids in ccRCC cells. Supplement of 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids rescued proliferation in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS LAL promoted cell proliferation and survival via metabolism of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids and activation of the Src/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyue Tan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jifu Ge
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Le Tao
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuemei Tong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianxin Qiu
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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59
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Abstract
KIBRA has been suggested as a key regulator of the hippo pathway, regulating organ size, cell contact inhibition as well as tissue regeneration and tumorigenesis. Recently, alterations of KIBRA expression caused by promotor methylation have been reported for several types of cancer. Our current study aimed to design an artificial transcription factor capable of re-activating expression of the tumor suppressor KIBRA and the hippo pathway. We engineered a new gene named 'ZFP226' encoding for a ~23 kDa fusion protein. ZFP226 belongs to the Cys2-His2 zinc finger type and recognizes a nine base-pair DNA sequence 5'-GGC-GGC-GGC-3' in the KIBRA core promoter P1a. ZFP226 showed nuclear localization in human immortalized kidney epithelial cells and activated the KIBRA core promoter (p < 0.001) resulting in significantly increased KIBRA mRNA and protein levels (p < 0.001). Furthermore, ZFP226 led to activation of hippo signaling marked by elevated YAP and LATS phosphorylation. In Annexin V flow cytometry assays ZFP226 overexpression showed strong pro-apoptotic capacity on MCF-7 breast cancer cells (p < 0.01 early-, p < 0.001 late-apoptotic cells). We conclude that the artificial transcription factor ZFP226 can be used for target KIBRA and hippo pathway activation. This novel molecule may represent a molecular tool for the development of future applications in cancer treatment.
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60
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Systematic expression analysis of the mitochondrial complex III subunits identifies UQCRC1 as biomarker in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:86490-86499. [PMID: 27845902 PMCID: PMC5349929 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is common in cancer, and the mitochondrial electron transport chain is often affected in carcinogenesis. So far, few is known about the expression of the mitochondrial complex III (ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase complex) subunits in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). In this study, the NextBio database was used to determine an expression profile of the mitochondrial complex III subunits based on published microarray studies. We observed that five out of 11 subunits of the complex III were downregulated in at least three microarray studies. The decreased mRNA expression level of UQCRFS1 and UQCRC1 in ccRCC was confirmed using PCR. Low mRNA levels UQCRC1 were also correlated with a shorter period of cancer-specific and overall survival. Furthermore, UQCRFS1 and UQCRC1 were also decreased in ccRCC on the protein level as determined using Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. UQCRC1 protein expression was also lower in ccRCC than in papillary and chromophobe subtypes. Analyzing gene expression and DNA methylation in The Cancer Genome Atlas cohort revealed an inverse correlation of gene expression and DNA methylation, suggesting that DNA hypermethylation is regulating the expression of UQCRC1 and UQCRFS1. Taken together, our data implicate that dysregulated UQCRC1 and UQCRFS1 are involved in impaired mitochondrial electron transport chain function.
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61
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Robinson CM, Lefebvre F, Poon BP, Bousard A, Fan X, Lathrop M, Tost J, Kim WY, Riazalhosseini Y, Ohh M. Consequences of VHL Loss on Global DNA Methylome. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3313. [PMID: 29463811 PMCID: PMC5820357 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21524-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), loss of von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumour suppressor gene and reduced oxygen tension promote stabilisation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) family of transcription factors, which promote changes in the expression of genes that contribute to oncogenesis. Multiple studies have demonstrated significant perturbations in DNA methylation in ccRCC via largely unclear mechanisms that modify the transcriptional output of tumour cells. Here, we show that the methylation status of the CpG dinucleotide within the consensus hypoxia-responsive element (HRE) markedly influences the binding of HIF and that the loss of VHL results in significant alterations in the DNA methylome. Surprisingly, hypoxia, which likewise promotes HIF stabilisation and activation, has relatively few effects on global DNA methylation. Gene expression analysis of ccRCC patient samples highlighted expression of a group of genes whose transcription correlated with methylation changes, including hypoxic responsive genes such as VEGF and TGF. These results suggest that the loss of VHL alters DNA methylation profile across the genome, commonly associated with and contributing to ccRCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire M Robinson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 661 University Avenue, Room 1510, M5G1M1, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, 661 University Avenue, Room 1510, M5G1M1, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Francois Lefebvre
- Canadian Centre for Computational Genomics (C3G), 740 Doctor Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Betty P Poon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 661 University Avenue, Room 1510, M5G1M1, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, 661 University Avenue, Room 1510, M5G1M1, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aurelie Bousard
- Laboratory for Epigenetics & Environment, Centre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91000, Evry, France
| | - Xiaojun Fan
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada.,McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, 740 Doctor Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Mark Lathrop
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada.,McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, 740 Doctor Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Jorg Tost
- Laboratory for Epigenetics & Environment, Centre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91000, Evry, France
| | - William Y Kim
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 7295, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yasser Riazalhosseini
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada.,McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, 740 Doctor Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Michael Ohh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 661 University Avenue, Room 1510, M5G1M1, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, 661 University Avenue, Room 1510, M5G1M1, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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62
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Liu W, Liang Y, Bian C, Jiang L, Zheng G, Dong J. Gene expression profile analysis of the bone microenvironment in patients with spinal metastases. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:61-68. [PMID: 29387210 PMCID: PMC5769301 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with spinal metastases. Gene expression profiles in cancellous bone samples from the spines of five patients with spinal metastases, with different primary cancers, and three normal control patients were measured using microarray analysis and subsequently compared. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified were filtered using bioinformatics analyses followed by cluster analysis, gene ontology (GO) term and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses. Finally, a protein-protein interaction network was constructed and analyzed. A total of 152 upregulated and 388 downregulated DEGs were identified. The cluster analysis demonstrated a marked difference between the gene expression profiles of samples from patients with spinal metastases and those from normal patients. The GO terms enriched in the upregulated DEGs were associated with cell death, and those enriched in the downregulated DEGs were associated with the cell cycle. The upregulated DEGs were enriched in signaling pathways associated with tight junctions, and the downregulated DEGs were enriched in signaling pathways associated with porphyrin metabolism. In the PPI network constructed, transcription factor AP-1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen had the highest connectivity degrees with the upregulated and downregulated DEGs, respectively. The gene expression profile data from the present study provides new insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms of spinal metastases, and will aid in the development of novel anticancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangmi Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Yun Liang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Chong Bian
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Libo Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Guoli Zheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Jian Dong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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63
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Abbas HA, Bui NHB, Rajapakshe K, Wong J, Gunaratne P, Tsai KY, Coarfa C, Flores ER. Distinct TP63 Isoform-Driven Transcriptional Signatures Predict Tumor Progression and Clinical Outcomes. Cancer Res 2018; 78:451-462. [PMID: 29180475 PMCID: PMC5771893 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-1803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
TP63 is required to maintain stem cell pluripotency and suppresses the metastatic potential of cancer cells through multiple mechanisms. These functions are differentially regulated by individual isoforms, necessitating a deeper understanding of how the distinct transcriptional programs controlled by these isoforms affect cancer progression and outcomes. In this study, we conducted a pan-cancer analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas to identify transcriptional networks regulated by TAp63 and ΔNp63 using transcriptomes derived from epidermal cells of TAp63-/- and ΔNp63-/- mice. Analysis of 17 cancer developmental and 27 cancer progression signatures revealed a consistent tumor suppressive pattern for TAp63. In contrast, we identified pleiotropic roles for ΔNp63 in tumor development and found that its regulation of Lef1 was crucial for its oncogenic role. ΔNp63 performed a distinctive role as suppressor of tumor progression by cooperating with TAp63 to modulate key biological pathways, principally cell-cycle regulation, extracellular matrix remodeling, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and the enrichment of pluripotent stem cells. Importantly, these TAp63 and ΔNp63 signatures prognosticated progression and survival, even within specific stages, in bladder and renal carcinomas as well as low-grade gliomas. These data describe a novel approach for understanding transcriptional activities of TP63 isoforms across a large number of cancer types, potentially enabling identification of patient subsets most likely to benefit from therapies predicated on manipulating specific TP63 isoforms.Significance: Transcriptomic analyses of patient samples and murine knockout models highlight the prognostic role of several critical mechanisms of tumor suppression that are regulated by TP63. Cancer Res; 78(2); 451-62. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein A Abbas
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Ngoc Hoang Bao Bui
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kimal Rajapakshe
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Justin Wong
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Texas
| | - Preethi Gunaratne
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Kenneth Y Tsai
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
- Cancer Biology and Evolution Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Cristian Coarfa
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
| | - Elsa R Flores
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
- Cancer Biology and Evolution Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
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64
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The glucose and lipid metabolism reprogramming is grade-dependent in clear cell renal cell carcinoma primary cultures and is targetable to modulate cell viability and proliferation. Oncotarget 2017; 8:113502-113515. [PMID: 29371925 PMCID: PMC5768342 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has a poor prognosis despite novel biological targeted therapies. Tumor aggressiveness and poor survival may correlate with tumor grade at diagnosis and with complex metabolic alterations, also involving glucose and lipid metabolism. However, currently no grade-specific metabolic therapy addresses these alterations. Here we used primary cell cultures from ccRCC of low- and high-grade to investigate the effect on energy state and reduced pyridine nucleotide level, and on viability and proliferation, of specific inhibition of glycolysis with 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG), or fatty acid oxidation with Etomoxir. Our primary cultures retained the tissue grade-dependent modulation of lipid and glycogen storage and aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect). 2DG affected lactate production, energy state and reduced pyridine nucleotide level in high-grade ccRCC cultures, but the energy state only in low-grade. Rather, Etomoxir affected energy state in high-grade and reduced pyridine nucleotide level in low-grade cultures. Energy state and reduced pyridine nucleotide level were evaluated by ATP and reduced 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) dye quantification, respectively. 2DG treatment impaired cell proliferation and viability of low-grade ccRCC and normal cortex cultures, whereas Etomoxir showed a cytostatic and cytotoxic effect only in high-grade ccRCC cultures. Our data indicate that in ccRCC the Warburg effect is a grade-dependent feature, and fatty acid oxidation can be activated for different grade-dependent metabolic needs. A possible grade-dependent metabolic therapeutic approach in ccRCC is also highlighted.
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65
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Zhong H, Chen B, Neves H, Xing J, Ye Y, Lin Y, Zhuang G, Zhang SD, Huang J, Kwok HF. Expression of minichromosome maintenance genes in renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Manag Res 2017; 9:637-647. [PMID: 29180899 PMCID: PMC5697450 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s146528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Minichromosome maintenance (MCM) proteins play an essential role in DNA replication. They have been shown to be overexpressed in various types of cancer. However, the role of this family in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is widely unknown. In this study, we have identified a number of RCC datasets in the Gene Expression Omnibus database and also investigated the correlation between the expression levels of MCM genes and clinicopathological parameters. We found that the expression levels of MCM genes are positively correlated with one another. Expression levels of MCM2, MCM5, MCM6, and MCM7, but not of MCM3 and MCM4, were higher in RCC compared to paired adjacent normal tissue. Only the expression level of MCM4, but not of other MCMs, was positively correlated with tumor grade. In addition, a high-level expression of MCM2 in either primary tumor or metastases of RCC predicted a shorter disease-free survival time, while a high-level expression of MCM4 or MCM6 in primary tumor was also associated with poorer disease-free survival. Interestingly, we also demonstrated that patients with their primary RCC overexpressing 2 or more MCM genes had a shorter disease-free survival time, while those with RCC metastases overexpressing 3 or more MCM genes had a shorter disease-free survival. Importantly, we also demonstrated that overexpression of MCM genes is an independent predictor for survival in RCC patients. Our results suggest that MCM2-7 genes may be an important prognostic marker for patients with RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Zhong
- Xiang'an Branch, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Chen
- Xiang'an Branch, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Henrique Neves
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR
| | - Jinchun Xing
- Xiang'an Branch, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Youxin Ye
- Xiang'an Branch, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Lin
- Xiang'an Branch, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohong Zhuang
- Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Dong Zhang
- Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Londonderry, UK
| | - Jiyi Huang
- Xiang'an Branch, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,The First Clinical School of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Fai Kwok
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR
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66
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Chanudet E, Wozniak MB, Bouaoun L, Byrnes G, Mukeriya A, Zaridze D, Brennan P, Muller DC, Scelo G. Large-scale genome-wide screening of circulating microRNAs in clear cell renal cell carcinoma reveals specific signatures in late-stage disease. Int J Cancer 2017; 141:1730-1740. [PMID: 28639257 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Circulating miRNAs have shown great promises as noninvasive diagnostic and predictive biomarkers in several solid tumors. While the miRNA profiles of renal tumors have been extensively explored, knowledge of their circulating counterparts is limited. Our study aimed to provide a large-scale genome-wide profiling of plasma circulating miRNA in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Plasma samples from 94 ccRCC cases and 100 controls were screened for 754 circulating micro-RNAs (miRNA) by TaqMan arrays. Analyses including known risk factors for renal cancer-namely, age, sex, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption-highlighted that circulating miRNA profiles were tightly correlated with the stage of the disease. Advanced tumors, characterized as stage III and IV, were associated with specific miRNA signatures that significantly differ from both controls and earlier stage ccRCC cases. Molecular pathway enrichment analyses of their gene targets showed high similarities with alterations observed in renal tumors. Plasma circulating levels of miR-150 were significantly associated with RCC-specific survival and could marginally improve the predictive accuracy of clinical parameters in our series, including age at diagnosis, sex and conventional staging. In summary, our results suggest that circulating miRNAs may provide insights into renal cell carcinoma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estelle Chanudet
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (WHO-IARC), Lyon, France
| | | | - Liacine Bouaoun
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (WHO-IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Graham Byrnes
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (WHO-IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Anush Mukeriya
- Institute of Carcinogenesis, N. N. Blokhin Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
| | - David Zaridze
- Institute of Carcinogenesis, N. N. Blokhin Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (WHO-IARC), Lyon, France
| | | | - Ghislaine Scelo
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (WHO-IARC), Lyon, France
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67
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Promoter DNA methylation analysis reveals a novel diagnostic CpG-based biomarker and RAB25 hypermethylation in clear cell renel cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14200. [PMID: 29079774 PMCID: PMC5660223 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14314-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a common aggressive urinary malignant tumor that cannot be easily diagnosed at an early stage. The DNA methylation occurs within promoter before precancerous lesion plays a pivotal role that could help us in diagnosing and understanding ccRCC. In this study, based on a whole-genome promoter DNA methylation profiling, we used shrunken centroids classifier method to identify a CpG-based biomarker that is capable of differentiating between ccRCC tumor and adjacent tissues. The biomarker was validated in 19 ccRCCs and three public datasets. We found that both CYP4B1 and RAB25 are downregulated with promoter hypermethylation and CA9 is upregulated with promoter hypomethylation, and we validated their mRNA differential expressions in 19 ccRCCs and 10 GEO datasets. We further confirmed that hypermethylated RAB25 is inversely correlated with its mRNA level. Log-rank test showed that ccRCC patients with low levels of CA9 promoter methylation had a higher survival rate. This reveals clinically a potential biomarker for use in early detection for ccRCC, and provides a better understanding of carcinogenesis.
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68
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Yang MQ, Li D, Yang W, Zhang Y, Liu J, Tong W. A Gene Module-Based eQTL Analysis Prioritizing Disease Genes and Pathways in Kidney Cancer. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2017; 15:463-470. [PMID: 29158875 PMCID: PMC5683705 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common and most aggressive form of renal cell cancer (RCC). The incidence of RCC has increased steadily in recent years. The pathogenesis of renal cell cancer remains poorly understood. Many of the tumor suppressor genes, oncogenes, and dysregulated pathways in ccRCC need to be revealed for improvement of the overall clinical outlook of the disease. Here, we developed a systems biology approach to prioritize the somatic mutated genes that lead to dysregulation of pathways in ccRCC. The method integrated multi-layer information to infer causative mutations and disease genes. First, we identified differential gene modules in ccRCC by coupling transcriptome and protein-protein interactions. Each of these modules consisted of interacting genes that were involved in similar biological processes and their combined expression alterations were significantly associated with disease type. Then, subsequent gene module-based eQTL analysis revealed somatic mutated genes that had driven the expression alterations of differential gene modules. Our study yielded a list of candidate disease genes, including several known ccRCC causative genes such as BAP1 and PBRM1, as well as novel genes such as NOD2, RRM1, CSRNP1, SLC4A2, TTLL1 and CNTN1. The differential gene modules and their driver genes revealed by our study provided a new perspective for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the disease. Moreover, we validated the results in independent ccRCC patient datasets. Our study provided a new method for prioritizing disease genes and pathways.
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Key Words
- AUC, Area Under Curve
- Causative mutation
- DEG, Differentially expressed gene
- DGM, Differential gene module
- Gene module
- KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
- Pathways
- Protein-protein interaction
- RCC, Renal cell cancer
- ROC, Receiver Operating Characteristic
- SVM, Support vector machine
- TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas
- ccRCC
- ccRCC, Clear cell renal cell carcinoma
- eQTL
- eQTL, Expression quantitative trait loci
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Qu Yang
- Joint Bioinformatics Graduate Program, Department of Information Science, George W. Donaghey College of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, USA
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 2801 S. University Ave, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA
| | - Dan Li
- Joint Bioinformatics Graduate Program, Department of Information Science, George W. Donaghey College of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, USA
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 2801 S. University Ave, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA
| | - William Yang
- School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Joint Bioinformatics Graduate Program, Department of Information Science, George W. Donaghey College of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, USA
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 2801 S. University Ave, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Statistics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Weida Tong
- Divisions of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
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69
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Schelleckes K, Schmitz B, Ciarimboli G, Lenders M, Pavenstädt HJ, Herrmann E, Brand SM, Brand E. Promoter methylation inhibits expression of tumor suppressor KIBRA in human clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Clin Epigenetics 2017; 9:109. [PMID: 29046731 PMCID: PMC5639574 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-017-0415-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND KIBRA has been suggested as a key regulator of the Hippo signaling pathway, regulating organ size, cell contact inhibition, tissue regeneration as well as tumorigenesis and cystogenesis. We recently reported that human KIBRA expression depends on a complex alternative CpG-rich promoter system. Our current study aimed at the identification of epigenetic mechanisms associated with alterations in KIBRA expression regulation. RESULTS We identified two separated methylation-sensitive CpG islands located to independent KIBRA promoter regions. In vitro promoter methylation analysis using human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) and immortalized kidney cells (IHKE) revealed that total promoter methylation by CpG methyltransferase SssI resulted in complete abrogation of transcriptional activity (p < 0.001), while partial methylation by HpaII selectively repressed KIBRA core promoter activity in kidney cells (p < 0.001). Cell culture-based experiments demonstrated that 5-azacitidine may be used to restore KIBRA mRNA and protein levels, while overexpression of transcription factor SP1 also induced KIBRA upregulation (all p < 0.001). Furthermore, SP1 transactivation of KIBRA transcription was largely prevented by methylation of KIBRA regulatory elements (p < 0.001). Analysis of human kidney biopsies revealed that KIBRA promoter methylation was associated with human clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC; n = 8 vs 16 controls, OR = 1.921, [CI 95% = 1.369-2.695]). The subsequent determination of KIBRA mRNA levels by real-time PCR in a larger patient sample confirmed significantly reduced KIBRA expression in ccRCC (n = 32) compared to non-neoplastic human kidney tissue samples (controls, n = 32, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION We conclude that epigenetic downregulation of tumor suppressor KIBRA may involve impaired SP1 binding to functional methylation-sensitive KIBRA promoter elements as observed in human kidney clear cell carcinoma. Our findings provide a pathophysiological basis for future studies on altered KIBRA regulation in clinical disease entities such as renal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Schelleckes
- Internal Medicine D, Nephrology, Hypertension and Rheumatology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Boris Schmitz
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Molecular Genetics of Cardiovascular Disease, University Hospital Muenster, Horstmarer Landweg 39, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Giuliano Ciarimboli
- Internal Medicine D, Nephrology, Hypertension and Rheumatology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Malte Lenders
- Internal Medicine D, Nephrology, Hypertension and Rheumatology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Hermann J. Pavenstädt
- Internal Medicine D, Nephrology, Hypertension and Rheumatology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Edwin Herrmann
- Clinic for Urology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Stefan-Martin Brand
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Molecular Genetics of Cardiovascular Disease, University Hospital Muenster, Horstmarer Landweg 39, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Eva Brand
- Internal Medicine D, Nephrology, Hypertension and Rheumatology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Muenster, Germany
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70
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Yao X, Tan J, Lim KJ, Koh J, Ooi WF, Li Z, Huang D, Xing M, Chan YS, Qu JZ, Tay ST, Wijaya G, Lam YN, Hong JH, Lee-Lim AP, Guan P, Ng MSW, He CZ, Lin JS, Nandi T, Qamra A, Xu C, Myint SS, Davies JOJ, Goh JY, Loh G, Tan BC, Rozen SG, Yu Q, Tan IBH, Cheng CWS, Li S, Chang KTE, Tan PH, Silver DL, Lezhava A, Steger G, Hughes JR, Teh BT, Tan P. VHL Deficiency Drives Enhancer Activation of Oncogenes in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cancer Discov 2017; 7:1284-1305. [DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-17-0375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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71
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Xu F, Chang K, Ma J, Qu Y, Xie H, Dai B, Gan H, Zhang H, Shi G, Zhu Y, Zhu Y, Shen Y, Ye D. The Oncogenic Role of COL23A1 in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9846. [PMID: 28852123 PMCID: PMC5575106 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10134-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common adult renal neoplasm and its incidence continues to increase. Collagen is the most abundant extracellular matrix protein in stroma, and contributes to the development and progression of ccRCC. We examined the human collagen type XXIII α1 chain (COL23A1) expression in ccRCC and the relationship between COL23A1 and patients' survival. We found COL23A1 mRNA was elevated in tumor compared with adjacent normal tissues, which was further validated by TCGA cohort. IHC results from 151 ccRCC cases suggested that high COL23A1 expression correlated with larger tumor size (P = 0.017) and advanced T stage (P = 0.011). The overall survival (OS) was shorter for ccRCC patients with high COL23A1 expression (P = 0.002). In multivariate analysis, high COL23A1 expression was an independent prognostic factor of OS (HR: 3.024, P = 0.017). Furthermore, COL23A1 knockdown repressed proliferation of ccRCC cell lines by blocking cell cycle progression. Cell adhesion and migration capacity was also downregulated by knockdown of COL23A1. Our data indicate that COL23A1 may be a novel prognostic indicator in ccRCC and might be a specific and accessible biomarker as well as a potential new target for clinical diagnosis of ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujiang Xu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Kun Chang
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jian Ma
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yuanyuan Qu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Huyang Xie
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Bo Dai
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hualei Gan
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hailiang Zhang
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Guohai Shi
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yao Zhu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yiping Zhu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yijun Shen
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Dingwei Ye
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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72
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Wei X, Choudhury Y, Lim WK, Anema J, Kahnoski RJ, Lane B, Ludlow J, Takahashi M, Kanayama HO, Belldegrun A, Kim HL, Rogers C, Nicol D, Teh BT, Tan MH. Recognizing the Continuous Nature of Expression Heterogeneity and Clinical Outcomes in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7342. [PMID: 28779136 PMCID: PMC5544702 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07191-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has been previously classified into putative discrete prognostic subtypes by gene expression profiling. To investigate the robustness of these proposed subtype classifications, we evaluated 12 public datasets, together with a new dataset of 265 ccRCC gene expression profiles. Consensus clustering showed unstable subtype and principal component analysis (PCA) showed a continuous spectrum both within and between datasets. Considering the lack of discrete delineation and continuous spectrum observed, we developed a continuous quantitative prognosis score (Continuous Linear Enhanced Assessment of RCC, or CLEAR score). Prognostic performance was evaluated in independent cohorts from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) (n = 414) and EMBL-EBI (n = 53), CLEAR score demonstrated both superior prognostic estimates and inverse correlation with anti-angiogenic tyrosine-kinase inhibition in comparison to previously proposed discrete subtyping classifications. Inverse correlation with high-dose interleukin-2 outcomes was also observed for the CLEAR score. Multiple somatic mutations (VHL, PBRM1, SETD2, KDM5C, TP53, BAP1, PTEN, MTOR) were associated with the CLEAR score. Application of the CLEAR score to independent expression profiling of intratumoral ccRCC regions demonstrated that average intertumoral heterogeneity exceeded intratumoral expression heterogeneity. Wider investigation of cancer biology using continuous approaches may yield insights into tumor heterogeneity; single cell analysis may provide a key foundation for this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Wei
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, 138669, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
- MRL IT, MSD International GmbH (Singapore Branch), 1 Fusionopolis Place, #06-10/07-18, Galaxis, Singapore, 138522, Republic of Singapore
| | - Yukti Choudhury
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, 138669, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
- Lucence Diagnostics Pte Ltd, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Weng Khong Lim
- Cancer Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Republic of Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, #12-01, Singapore, 117599, Republic of Singapore
| | - John Anema
- Urologic Consultants, 25 Michigan Street, Suite 3300, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA
| | - Richard J Kahnoski
- Division of Urology, Spectrum Health Medical Group, 4069 Lake Drive SE, Suite 313, Grand Rapids, MI, 49546, USA
| | - Brian Lane
- Division of Urology, Spectrum Health Medical Group, 4069 Lake Drive SE, Suite 313, Grand Rapids, MI, 49546, USA
| | - John Ludlow
- Western Michigan Urological Associates, 577 Michigan Avenue, Suite 201, Holland, MI, 49423, USA
| | - Masayuki Takahashi
- Department of Urology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Hiro-Omi Kanayama
- Department of Urology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Arie Belldegrun
- FACS, Institute of Urologic Oncology, Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 66-118 Center for Health Sciences Box 951738, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Hyung L Kim
- Division of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8635W. Third Street, Suite 1070, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Craig Rogers
- Vattikuti Urology Institute, Henry Ford Hospital, 2799W. Grand Blvd, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - David Nicol
- Department of Urology, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, 203 Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JJ, UK
- The Institute of Cancer Research, 123 Old Brompton Road, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Bin Tean Teh
- Cancer Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Republic of Singapore.
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610, Republic of Singapore.
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, #12-01, Singapore, 117599, Republic of Singapore.
| | - Min-Han Tan
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, 138669, Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
- Lucence Diagnostics Pte Ltd, Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, #12-01, Singapore, 117599, Republic of Singapore.
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610, Republic of Singapore.
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Nan N, Chen Q, Wang Y, Zhai X, Yang CC, Cao B, Chong T. Screening disrupted molecular functions and pathways associated with clear cell renal cell carcinoma using Gibbs sampling. Comput Biol Chem 2017; 70:15-20. [PMID: 28735111 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the disturbed molecular functions and pathways in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) using Gibbs sampling. METHODS Gene expression data of ccRCC samples and adjacent non-tumor renal tissues were recruited from public available database. Then, molecular functions of expression changed genes in ccRCC were classed to Gene Ontology (GO) project, and these molecular functions were converted into Markov chains. Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm was implemented to perform posterior inference and identify probability distributions of molecular functions in Gibbs sampling. Differentially expressed molecular functions were selected under posterior value more than 0.95, and genes with the appeared times in differentially expressed molecular functions ≥5 were defined as pivotal genes. Functional analysis was employed to explore the pathways of pivotal genes and their strongly co-regulated genes. RESULTS In this work, we obtained 396 molecular functions, and 13 of them were differentially expressed. Oxidoreductase activity showed the highest posterior value. Gene composition analysis identified 79 pivotal genes, and survival analysis indicated that these pivotal genes could be used as a strong independent predictor of poor prognosis in patients with ccRCC. Pathway analysis identified one pivotal pathway - oxidative phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS We identified the differentially expressed molecular functions and pivotal pathway in ccRCC using Gibbs sampling. The results could be considered as potential signatures for early detection and therapy of ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Nan
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Xu Zhai
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Chuan-Ce Yang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Bin Cao
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Tie Chong
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China.
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Ramsden DB, Waring RH, Barlow DJ, Parsons RB. Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase in Health and Cancer. Int J Tryptophan Res 2017; 10:1178646917691739. [PMID: 35185340 PMCID: PMC8851132 DOI: 10.1177/1178646917691739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, the roles of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase and its product 1-methyl nicotinamide have emerged from playing merely minor roles in phase 2 xenobiotic metabolism as actors in some of the most important scenes of human life. In this review, the structures of the gene, messenger RNA, and protein are discussed, together with the role of the enzyme in many of the common cancers that afflict people today.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Ramsden
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - David J Barlow
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Richard B Parsons
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King’s College London, London, UK
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Brüggemann M, Gromes A, Poss M, Schmidt D, Klümper N, Tolkach Y, Dietrich D, Kristiansen G, Müller SC, Ellinger J. Systematic Analysis of the Expression of the Mitochondrial ATP Synthase (Complex V) Subunits in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Transl Oncol 2017; 10:661-668. [PMID: 28672194 PMCID: PMC5496479 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is common in cancer and the mitochondrial electron transport chain is often affected in carcinogenesis. To date, little is known about the expression of the ATP synthase subunits in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). The NextBio database was used to determine an expression profile of the ATP synthase subunits based on published microarray studies. We observed down-regulation of 23 out of 29 subunits of the ATP synthase. Differential expression was validated exemplarily for 12 genes (ATP5A1, ATP5B, ATPAF1, ATP5C1, ATP5D, ATP5O, ATP5F1, ATP5G1, ATP5G2, ATP5G3, ATP5I, ATP5S; screening cohort ccRCC n = 18 and normal renal tissue n = 10) using real-time PCR. Additional eight genes (ATP5A1, ATP5B, ATPAF1, ATP5F1, ATP5G1, ATP5G2, ATP5G3, ATP5S) were internally validated within an enlarged cohort (ccRCC n = 74; normal renal tissue n = 36). Furthermore, down-regulation of ATP5A1, ATPAF1, ATP5G1/G2/G3 was confirmed on the protein level using Western Blot and immunohistochemistry. We observed that altered expression of ATPAF1 and ATP5G1/G2/G3 was correlated with overall survival in patients with ccRCC. In conclusion, down-regulation of many ATP Synthase subunits occurs in ccRCC and is the basis for the reduced activity of the mitochondrial electron chain. Alteration of the expression of ATP5A1, ATPAF1, and ATP5G1/G2/G3 is characteristic for ccRCC and may be prognostic for ccRCC patients' outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Brüggemann
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Urology, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Arabella Gromes
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Urology, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Mirjam Poss
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Urology, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Doris Schmidt
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Urology, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Niklas Klümper
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Urology, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Yuri Tolkach
- University Hospital Bonn, Institute of Pathology, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Dimo Dietrich
- University Hospital Bonn, Institute of Pathology, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany; University Hospital Bonn, Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Glen Kristiansen
- University Hospital Bonn, Institute of Pathology, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan C Müller
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Urology, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jörg Ellinger
- University Hospital Bonn, Department of Urology, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany.
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Scelo G, Purdue MP, Brown KM, Johansson M, Wang Z, Eckel-Passow JE, Ye Y, Hofmann JN, Choi J, Foll M, Gaborieau V, Machiela MJ, Colli LM, Li P, Sampson JN, Abedi-Ardekani B, Besse C, Blanche H, Boland A, Burdette L, Chabrier A, Durand G, Le Calvez-Kelm F, Prokhortchouk E, Robinot N, Skryabin KG, Wozniak MB, Yeager M, Basta-Jovanovic G, Dzamic Z, Foretova L, Holcatova I, Janout V, Mates D, Mukeriya A, Rascu S, Zaridze D, Bencko V, Cybulski C, Fabianova E, Jinga V, Lissowska J, Lubinski J, Navratilova M, Rudnai P, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Benhamou S, Cancel-Tassin G, Cussenot O, Baglietto L, Boeing H, Khaw KT, Weiderpass E, Ljungberg B, Sitaram RT, Bruinsma F, Jordan SJ, Severi G, Winship I, Hveem K, Vatten LJ, Fletcher T, Koppova K, Larsson SC, Wolk A, Banks RE, Selby PJ, Easton DF, Pharoah P, Andreotti G, Freeman LEB, Koutros S, Albanes D, Männistö S, Weinstein S, Clark PE, Edwards TL, Lipworth L, Gapstur SM, Stevens VL, Carol H, Freedman ML, Pomerantz MM, Cho E, Kraft P, Preston MA, Wilson KM, Michael Gaziano J, Sesso HD, Black A, Freedman ND, Huang WY, Anema JG, Kahnoski RJ, Lane BR, Noyes SL, Petillo D, Teh BT, Peters U, White E, Anderson GL, Johnson L, Luo J, Buring J, Lee IM, Chow WH, Moore LE, Wood C, Eisen T, Henrion M, Larkin J, Barman P, Leibovich BC, Choueiri TK, Mark Lathrop G, Rothman N, Deleuze JF, McKay JD, Parker AS, Wu X, Houlston RS, Brennan P, Chanock SJ. Genome-wide association study identifies multiple risk loci for renal cell carcinoma. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15724. [PMID: 28598434 PMCID: PMC5472706 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified six risk loci for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We conducted a meta-analysis of two new scans of 5,198 cases and 7,331 controls together with four existing scans, totalling 10,784 cases and 20,406 controls of European ancestry. Twenty-four loci were tested in an additional 3,182 cases and 6,301 controls. We confirm the six known RCC risk loci and identify seven new loci at 1p32.3 (rs4381241, P=3.1 × 10-10), 3p22.1 (rs67311347, P=2.5 × 10-8), 3q26.2 (rs10936602, P=8.8 × 10-9), 8p21.3 (rs2241261, P=5.8 × 10-9), 10q24.33-q25.1 (rs11813268, P=3.9 × 10-8), 11q22.3 (rs74911261, P=2.1 × 10-10) and 14q24.2 (rs4903064, P=2.2 × 10-24). Expression quantitative trait analyses suggest plausible candidate genes at these regions that may contribute to RCC susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghislaine Scelo
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Mark P. Purdue
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Kevin M. Brown
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Mattias Johansson
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Zhaoming Wang
- Department of Computational Biology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA
| | | | - Yuanqing Ye
- Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77230, USA
| | - Jonathan N. Hofmann
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Jiyeon Choi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Matthieu Foll
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Valerie Gaborieau
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Mitchell J. Machiela
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Leandro M. Colli
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Peng Li
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Joshua N. Sampson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | | | - Celine Besse
- Centre National de Genotypage, Institut de Genomique, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, 91057 Evry, France
| | - Helene Blanche
- Fondation Jean Dausset-Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Anne Boland
- Centre National de Genotypage, Institut de Genomique, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, 91057 Evry, France
| | - Laurie Burdette
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Amelie Chabrier
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Geoffroy Durand
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69008 Lyon, France
| | | | - Egor Prokhortchouk
- Center ‘Bioengineering' of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117312, Russia
- Kurchatov Scientific Center, Moscow 123182, Russia
| | | | - Konstantin G. Skryabin
- Center ‘Bioengineering' of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117312, Russia
- Kurchatov Scientific Center, Moscow 123182, Russia
| | | | - Meredith Yeager
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | | | - Zoran Dzamic
- Clinical Center of Serbia (KCS), Clinic of Urology, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Medicine, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Lenka Foretova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Holcatova
- 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Charles University, 150 06 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Janout
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Mates
- National Institute of Public Health, 050463 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anush Mukeriya
- Russian N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Centre, Moscow 115478, Russian Federation
| | - Stefan Rascu
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Th. Burghele Hospital, 050659 Bucharest, Romania
| | - David Zaridze
- Russian N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Centre, Moscow 115478, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir Bencko
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Charles University, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Cezary Cybulski
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Eleonora Fabianova
- Regional Authority of Public Health in Banska Bystrica, 975 56 Banska Bystrica, Slovakia
| | - Viorel Jinga
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Th. Burghele Hospital, 050659 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- The M Sklodowska-Curie Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, 02-034 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jan Lubinski
- International Hereditary Cancer Center, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marie Navratilova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Rudnai
- National Public Health Center, National Directorate of Environmental Health, 1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Simone Benhamou
- Université Paris Diderot, INSERM, Unité Variabilité Génétique et Maladies Humaines, 75010 Paris, France
| | | | - Olivier Cussenot
- CeRePP, Tenon Hospital, 75020 Paris, France
- UPMC Univ Paris 06 GRC n°5, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Laura Baglietto
- Centre de Recherche en Épidémiologie et Santé des Populations (CESP, Inserm U1018), Université Paris-Saclay, UPS, UVSQ, Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition (DIfE) Potsdam-Rehbrücke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, 0304 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Folkhälsan Research Center, 00250 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Borje Ljungberg
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, 901 85 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Raviprakash T. Sitaram
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umeå University, 901 85 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Fiona Bruinsma
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Susan J. Jordan
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Centre de Recherche en Épidémiologie et Santé des Populations (CESP, Inserm U1018), Université Paris-Saclay, UPS, UVSQ, Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
- Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia
- Human Genetics Foundation (HuGeF), 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Ingrid Winship
- Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Genetic Medicine and Family Cancer Clinic, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria 3050, Australia
| | - Kristian Hveem
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger 7600, Norway
| | - Lars J. Vatten
- Department of Public Health and General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Tony Fletcher
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of London, London WC1H 9SH, UK
| | - Kvetoslava Koppova
- Regional Authority of Public Health in Banska Bystrica, 975 56 Banska Bystrica, Slovakia
| | - Susanna C. Larsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rosamonde E. Banks
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Cancer Research Building, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Peter J. Selby
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Cancer Research Building, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Douglas F. Easton
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Paul Pharoah
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Gabriella Andreotti
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Laura E. Beane Freeman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Stella Koutros
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Satu Männistö
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, 00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stephanie Weinstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Peter E. Clark
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
| | - Todd L. Edwards
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37209, USA
| | - Loren Lipworth
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37203, USA
| | | | | | - Hallie Carol
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | | | | | - Eunyoung Cho
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02903, USA
| | - Peter Kraft
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Mark A. Preston
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and VA Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Kathryn M. Wilson
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - J. Michael Gaziano
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and VA Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Howard D. Sesso
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and VA Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Amanda Black
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Neal D. Freedman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Wen-Yi Huang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - John G. Anema
- Division of Urology, Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503, USA
| | | | - Brian R. Lane
- Division of Urology, Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503, USA
- College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503, USA
| | - Sabrina L. Noyes
- Van Andel Research Institute, Center for Cancer Genomics and Quantitative Biology, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503, USA
| | - David Petillo
- Van Andel Research Institute, Center for Cancer Genomics and Quantitative Biology, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503, USA
| | - Bin Tean Teh
- Van Andel Research Institute, Center for Cancer Genomics and Quantitative Biology, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503, USA
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Emily White
- Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Garnet L. Anderson
- Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Lisa Johnson
- Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Juhua Luo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - Julie Buring
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and VA Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - I-Min Lee
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and VA Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Wong-Ho Chow
- Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77230, USA
| | - Lee E. Moore
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Christopher Wood
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Timothy Eisen
- Department of Oncology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Marc Henrion
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - James Larkin
- Medical Oncology, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - Poulami Barman
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
| | - Bradley C. Leibovich
- Department of Urology, Mayo Medical School and Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, USA
| | | | - G. Mark Lathrop
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0G1
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Jean-Francois Deleuze
- Centre National de Genotypage, Institut de Genomique, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, 91057 Evry, France
- Fondation Jean Dausset-Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain, 75010 Paris, France
| | - James D. McKay
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Alexander S. Parker
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77230, USA
| | - Richard S. Houlston
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Stephen J. Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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Arseneault M, Monlong J, Vasudev NS, Laskar RS, Safisamghabadi M, Harnden P, Egevad L, Nourbehesht N, Panichnantakul P, Holcatova I, Brisuda A, Janout V, Kollarova H, Foretova L, Navratilova M, Mates D, Jinga V, Zaridze D, Mukeria A, Jandaghi P, Brennan P, Brazma A, Tost J, Scelo G, Banks RE, Lathrop M, Bourque G, Riazalhosseini Y. Loss of chromosome Y leads to down regulation of KDM5D and KDM6C epigenetic modifiers in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44876. [PMID: 28332632 PMCID: PMC5362952 DOI: 10.1038/srep44876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent genomic studies of sporadic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) have uncovered novel driver genes and pathways. Given the unequal incidence rates among men and women (male:female incidence ratio approaches 2:1), we compared the genome-wide distribution of the chromosomal abnormalities in both sexes. We observed a higher frequency for the somatic recurrent chromosomal copy number variations (CNVs) of autosomes in male subjects, whereas somatic loss of chromosome X was detected exclusively in female patients (17.1%). Furthermore, somatic loss of chromosome Y (LOY) was detected in about 40% of male subjects, while mosaic LOY was detected in DNA isolated from peripheral blood in 9.6% of them, and was the only recurrent CNV in constitutional DNA samples. LOY in constitutional DNA, but not in tumor DNA was associated with older age. Amongst Y-linked genes that were downregulated due to LOY, KDM5D and KDM6C epigenetic modifiers have functionally-similar X-linked homologs whose deficiency is involved in ccRCC progression. Our findings establish somatic LOY as a highly recurrent genetic defect in ccRCC that leads to downregulation of hitherto unsuspected epigenetic factors, and suggest that different mechanisms may underlie the somatic and mosaic LOY observed in tumors and peripheral blood, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Arseneault
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, 740 Doctor Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Jean Monlong
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, 740 Doctor Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Naveen S. Vasudev
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Cancer Research Building, St James’s University Hospital, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Ruhina S. Laskar
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Maryam Safisamghabadi
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, 740 Doctor Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Patricia Harnden
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Cancer Research Building, St James’s University Hospital, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Lars Egevad
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Pathology, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nazanin Nourbehesht
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, 740 Doctor Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Pudchalaluck Panichnantakul
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, 740 Doctor Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Ivana Holcatova
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Charles University in Prague, Studničkova 7, Praha 2, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Antonin Brisuda
- University Hospital Motol, V Úvalu 84, 150 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Janout
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Kollarova
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Foretova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute and MF MU, Zluty Kopec 7, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Navratilova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute and MF MU, Zluty Kopec 7, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Mates
- National Institute of Public Health, Dr Leonte Anastasievici 1–3, sector 5, Bucuresti 050463, Romania
| | - Viorel Jinga
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Th. Burghele Hospital, 20 Panduri Street, 050659 Bucharest, Romania
| | - David Zaridze
- Russian N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Centre, Kashirskoye shosse 24, Moscow 115478, Russian Federation
| | - Anush Mukeria
- Russian N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Centre, Kashirskoye shosse 24, Moscow 115478, Russian Federation
| | - Pouria Jandaghi
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, 740 Doctor Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Alvis Brazma
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, EMBL-EBI, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Jorg Tost
- Laboratory for Epigenetics & Environment, Centre National de Génotypage, CEA-Institut de Génomique, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, 91000 Evry, France
| | - Ghislaine Scelo
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Rosamonde E. Banks
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Cancer Research Building, St James’s University Hospital, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Mark Lathrop
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, 740 Doctor Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Guillaume Bourque
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, 740 Doctor Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Yasser Riazalhosseini
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada
- McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, 740 Doctor Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G1, Canada
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Lee S, Rho SS, Park H, Park JA, Kim J, Lee IK, Koh GY, Mochizuki N, Kim YM, Kwon YG. Carbohydrate-binding protein CLEC14A regulates VEGFR-2- and VEGFR-3-dependent signals during angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. J Clin Invest 2016; 127:457-471. [PMID: 27991863 DOI: 10.1172/jci85145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlled angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis are essential for tissue development, function, and repair. However, aberrant neovascularization is an essential pathogenic mechanism in many human diseases, including diseases involving tumor growth and survival. Here, we have demonstrated that mice deficient in C-type lectin family 14 member A (CLEC14A) display enhanced angiogenic sprouting and hemorrhage as well as enlarged jugular lymph sacs and lymphatic vessels. CLEC14A formed a complex with VEGFR-3 in endothelial cells (ECs), and CLEC14A KO resulted in a marked reduction in VEGFR-3 that was concomitant with increases in VEGFR-2 expression and downstream signaling. Implanted tumor growth was profoundly reduced in CLEC14A-KO mice compared with that seen in WT littermates, but tumor-bearing CLEC14A-KO mice died sooner. Tumors in CLEC14A-KO mice had increased numbers of nonfunctional blood vessels and severe hemorrhaging. Blockade of VEGFR-2 signaling suppressed these vascular abnormalities and enhanced the survival of tumor-bearing CLEC14A-KO mice. We conclude that CLEC14A acts in vascular homeostasis by fine-tuning VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 signaling in ECs, suggesting its relevance in the pathogenesis of angiogenesis-related human disorders.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells
- Humans
- Lectins, C-Type/genetics
- Lectins, C-Type/metabolism
- Lymphangiogenesis
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Experimental/blood supply
- Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Signal Transduction
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2/genetics
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2/metabolism
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-3/genetics
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-3/metabolism
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79
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Ellinger J, Poss M, Brüggemann M, Gromes A, Schmidt D, Ellinger N, Tolkach Y, Dietrich D, Kristiansen G, Müller SC. Systematic Expression Analysis of Mitochondrial Complex I Identifies NDUFS1 as a Biomarker in Clear-Cell Renal-Cell Carcinoma. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2016; 15:e551-e562. [PMID: 28063846 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mitochondrial dysfunction is common in cancer, and the mitochondrial electron transport chain is often affected in carcinogenesis. So far, little is known about the expression of the mitochondrial complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) subunits in clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma (ccRCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS An expression profile of the mitochondrial complex I subunits was determined using the NextBio database. Subsequently, the expression of selected subunits was experimentally validated on mRNA (quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction) and protein (Western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry) level. RESULTS We observed that 7 subunits of the complex I were down-regulated in at least 3 microarray studies. Deregulated mRNA expression was confirmed for NDUFA3, NDUFA, NDUFB1, NDUFB9, NDUFS1, NDUFS8, and NDUFV1. Low NDUFS1 mRNA expression was a significant and independent adverse predictor of a shorter overall survival in our mRNA cohort and the ccRCC cohort of The Cancer Genome Atlas project. NDUFS1 expression was furthermore analyzed on the protein level, and a distinct down-regulation was observed in ccRCC as well as in the chromophobe and the sarcomatoid subtype compared to normal renal tissue. CONCLUSION Expression alterations occur in only a few subunits of the mitochondrial complex I subunits in ccRCC, and altered mRNA and protein expression levels of NDUFS1 may be useful to distinguish between renal-cell carcinoma and normal renal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Ellinger
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Mirjam Poss
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Arabella Gromes
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Doris Schmidt
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nadja Ellinger
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Yuri Tolkach
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dimo Dietrich
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Stefan C Müller
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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80
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Major Action of Endogenous Lysyl Oxidase in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Progression and Collagen Stiffness Revealed by Primary Cell Cultures. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016; 186:2473-85. [PMID: 27449199 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2016.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Human clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is therapy resistant; therefore, it is worthwhile studying in depth the molecular aspects of its progression. In ccRCC the biallelic inactivation of the VHL gene leads to stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). Among the targets of HIF-1α transcriptional activity is the LOX gene, which codes for the inactive proenzyme (Pro-Lox) from which, after extracellular secretion and proteolysis, derives the active enzyme (Lox) and the propeptide (Lox-PP). By increasing stiffness of extracellular matrix by collagen crosslinking, Lox promotes tumor progression and metastasis. Lox and Lox-PP can reenter the cells where Lox promotes cell proliferation and invasion, whereas Lox-PP acts as tumor suppressor because of its Ras recision and apoptotic activity. Few data are available concerning LOX in ccRCC. Using an in vitro model of ccRCC primary cell cultures, we performed, for the first time in ccRCC, a detailed study of endogenous LOX and also investigated their transcriptomic profile. We found that endogenous LOX is overexpressed in ccRCC, is involved in a positive-regulative loop with HIF-1α, and has a major action on ccRCC progression through cellular adhesion, migration, and collagen matrix stiffness increment; however, the oncosuppressive action of Lox-PP was not found to prevail. These findings may suggest translational approaches for new therapeutic strategies in ccRCC.
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81
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Belder N, Coskun Ö, Doganay Erdogan B, Ilk O, Savas B, Ensari A, Özdağ H. From RNA isolation to microarray analysis: Comparison of methods in FFPE tissues. Pathol Res Pract 2016; 212:678-85. [PMID: 27161306 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide gene expression profiling analysis of FFPE tissue samples is indispensable for cancer research and provides the opportunity to evaluate links between molecular and clinical information, however, working with FFPE samples is challenging due to extensive cross-linking, fragmentation and limited quantities of nucleic acid. Thus, processing of FFPE tissue samples from RNA extraction to microarray analysis still needs optimization. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, a modified deparaffinization protocol was conducted prior to RNA isolation. Trizol, Qiagen RNeasy FFPE and Arcturus PicoPure RNA Isolation kits were used in parallel to compare their impact on RNA isolation. We also evaluated the effect of two different cRNA/cDNA preparation and labeling protocols with two different array platforms (Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 and U133_X3P) on the percentage of present calls. RESULTS Our optimization study shows that the Qiagen RNeasy FFPE kit with modified deparaffinization step gives better results (RNA quantity and quality) than the other two isolation kits. The Ribo-SPIA protocol gave a significantly higher percentage of present calls than the 3' IVT cDNA amplification and labeling system. However, no significant differences were found between the two array platforms. CONCLUSION Our study paves the way for future high-throughput transcriptional analysis by optimizing FFPE tissue sample processing from RNA isolation to microarray analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevin Belder
- Ankara University, Biotechnology Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Öznur Coskun
- Ankara University, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Ozlem Ilk
- Middle East Technical University, Department of Statistics, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Berna Savas
- Ankara University, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Arzu Ensari
- Ankara University, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hilal Özdağ
- Ankara University, Biotechnology Institute, Ankara, Turkey.
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82
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Czarnecka AM, Kornakiewicz A, Kukwa W, Szczylik C. Frontiers in clinical and molecular diagnostics and staging of metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Future Oncol 2015; 10:1095-111. [PMID: 24941992 DOI: 10.2217/fon.13.258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The last few years have brought advances in the understanding of the molecular biology of metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Both preclinical research and clinical trials brought together results from the latest advancements in RCC diagnostic and staging. Understanding of the complex molecular alterations involved in the development and progression of RCC enables development of immunohistochemical and genetic diagnostic tools and is also opening the doors for experimental targeted therapies. At the same time, improvements of medical and molecular imaging improves the sensitivity and specificity of metastatic disease diagnosis. Moreover, independent validation of molecular profiles across high-throughput platforms, methods, laboratories and cancer populations has recently been successfully performed in RCC. Generation of informative, clinical diagnostic tools is likely to contribute to development of novel personalized diagnostic and treatment protocols and ensure prolonged survival of RCC patient in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Czarnecka
- Department of Oncology with Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, Szaserow 128, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
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83
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Nagara M, Voskarides K, Elouej S, Zaravinos A, Riahi Z, Papagregoriou G, Kefi R, Boussetta K, Deltas C, Abdelhak S, Tinsa F. A novel splice-site mutation in ATP6V0A4 gene in two brothers with distal renal tubular acidosis from a consanguineous Tunisian family. J Genet 2015; 93:859-63. [PMID: 25572248 DOI: 10.1007/s12041-014-0450-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Majdi Nagara
- LR11IPT05, Laboratoire de Génomique Biomédicale et Oncogénétique, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 1002, Université de Tunis El Manar, 1068 Tunis, Tunisia.
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84
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Lasseigne BN, Burwell TC, Patil MA, Absher DM, Brooks JD, Myers RM. DNA methylation profiling reveals novel diagnostic biomarkers in renal cell carcinoma. BMC Med 2014; 12:235. [PMID: 25472429 PMCID: PMC4265327 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-014-0235-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the tenth most commonly diagnosed cancer in the United States. While it is usually lethal when metastatic, RCC is successfully treated with surgery when tumors are confined to the kidney and have low tumor volume. Because most early stage renal tumors do not result in symptoms, there is a strong need for biomarkers that can be used to detect the presence of the cancer as well as to monitor patients during and after therapy. METHODS We examined genome-wide DNA methylation alterations in renal cell carcinomas of diverse histologies and benign adjacent kidney tissues from 96 patients. RESULTS We observed widespread methylation differences between tumors and benign adjacent tissues, particularly in immune-, G-protein coupled receptor-, and metabolism-related genes. Additionally, we identified a single panel of DNA methylation biomarkers that reliably distinguishes tumor from benign adjacent tissue in all of the most common kidney cancer histologic subtypes, and a second panel does the same specifically for clear cell renal cell carcinoma tumors. This set of biomarkers were validated independently with excellent performance characteristics in more than 1,000 tissues in The Cancer Genome Atlas clear cell, papillary, and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma datasets. CONCLUSIONS These DNA methylation profiles provide insights into the etiology of renal cell carcinoma and, most importantly, demonstrate clinically applicable biomarkers for use in early detection of kidney cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany N Lasseigne
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, 601 Genome Way, Huntsville, AL, 35806, USA.
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Shelby Center for Science and Technology, Room 369, 301 Sparkman Drive, Huntsville, Alabama, 35899, USA.
| | - Todd C Burwell
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, 601 Genome Way, Huntsville, AL, 35806, USA.
| | - Mohini A Patil
- Department of Urology, Stanford University, 875 Blake Wilbur Dr. Clinic E, Stanford, California, 94305-5118, USA.
| | - Devin M Absher
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, 601 Genome Way, Huntsville, AL, 35806, USA.
| | - James D Brooks
- Department of Urology, Stanford University, 875 Blake Wilbur Dr. Clinic E, Stanford, California, 94305-5118, USA.
| | - Richard M Myers
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, 601 Genome Way, Huntsville, AL, 35806, USA.
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85
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Bielecka ZF, Czarnecka AM, Szczylik C. Genomic Analysis as the First Step toward Personalized Treatment in Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2014; 4:194. [PMID: 25120953 PMCID: PMC4110478 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance mechanisms in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) still remain elusive. Although most patients initially respond to targeted therapy, acquired resistance can still develop eventually. Most of the patients suffer from intrinsic (genetic) resistance as well, suggesting that there is substantial need to broaden our knowledge in the field of RCC genetics. As molecular abnormalities occur for various reasons, ranging from single nucleotide polymorphisms to large chromosomal defects, conducting whole-genome association studies using high-throughput techniques seems inevitable. In principle, data obtained via genome-wide research should be continued and performed on a large scale for the purposes of drug development and identification of biological pathways underlying cancerogenesis. Genetic alterations are mostly unique for each histological RCC subtype. According to recently published data, RCC is a highly heterogeneous tumor. In this paper, the authors discuss the following: (1) current state-of-the-art knowledge on the potential biomarkers of RCC subtypes; (2) significant obstacles encountered in the translational research on RCC; and (3) recent molecular findings that may have a crucial impact on future therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zofia Felicja Bielecka
- Department of Oncology with the Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine , Warsaw , Poland ; Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Anna Małgorzata Czarnecka
- Department of Oncology with the Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Cezary Szczylik
- Department of Oncology with the Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine , Warsaw , Poland
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86
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Exploring the miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in clear cell renal cell carcinomas by next-generation sequencing expression profiles. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:948408. [PMID: 24977165 PMCID: PMC4054612 DOI: 10.1155/2014/948408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Altered microRNA (miRNA) expression is a hallmark of many cancer types. The combined analysis of miRNA and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression profiles is crucial to identifying links between deregulated miRNAs and oncogenic pathways. Therefore, we investigated the small non-coding (snc) transcriptomes of nine clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCCs) and adjacent normal tissues for alterations in miRNA expression using a publicly available small RNA-Sequencing (sRNA-Seq) raw-dataset. We constructed a network of deregulated miRNAs and a set of differentially expressed genes publicly available from an independent study to in silico determine miRNAs that contribute to clear cell renal cell carcinogenesis. From a total of 1,672 sncRNAs, 61 were differentially expressed across all ccRCC tissue samples. Several with known implications in ccRCC development, like the upregulated miR-21-5p, miR-142-5p, as well as the downregulated miR-106a-5p, miR-135a-5p, or miR-206. Additionally, novel promising candidates like miR-3065, which i.a. targets NRP2 and FLT1, were detected in this study. Interaction network analysis revealed pivotal roles for miR-106a-5p, whose loss might contribute to the upregulation of 49 target mRNAs, miR-135a-5p (32 targets), miR-206 (28 targets), miR-363-3p (22 targets), and miR-216b (13 targets). Among these targets are the angiogenesis, metastasis, and motility promoting oncogenes c-MET, VEGFA, NRP2, and FLT1, the latter two coding for VEGFA receptors.
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87
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Khan MI, Czarnecka AM, Duchnowska R, Kukwa W, Szczylik C. Metastasis-Initiating Cells in Renal Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 8:240-246. [PMID: 25152705 PMCID: PMC4141324 DOI: 10.2174/1574362409666140206222431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is a complex process that propagates cells from the primary or initial site of the cancer occurrence to distant parts of the body. Cancer cells break from the cancer site and circulate through the bloodstream or lymph vessels, allowing them to reach nearly all parts of the body. These circulating tumour cells (CTCs) contain specialized metastasis-initiating cells (MICs) that reside in the biological heterogeneous primary tumour. Researchers have hypothesized that metastasis of renal cell carcinoma is initiated by circulation of MICs in patients’ blood and bone marrow. Based on the cancer stem/progenitor cell concept of carcinogenesis, understanding the molecular phenotypes of metastasis-initiating cells (MICs) in renal cancer could play a vital role in developing strategies for therapeutic interventions in renal cancer. Existence of MICs among CTCs in renal carcinoma has not been proven in large scale. However, some studies have reported that specialized markers are found on the surface of circulating cells from the primary tumour. In mice, MICs have been isolated from CTCs using such markers, which have then been transplanted into xenograft model to show whether they give rise to metastasis in different organs. Considering these findings, in this review we have attempted to summarize the studies connected with MICs and their gene expression profiles that are responsible for metastasis in renal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed I Khan
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Clinic of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, ul. Szaserów 128, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna M Czarnecka
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Clinic of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, ul. Szaserów 128, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Renata Duchnowska
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Clinic of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, ul. Szaserów 128, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Kukwa
- Department of Otolaryngology, Czerniakowski Hospital, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Stepinska 19/25, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Cezary Szczylik
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Clinic of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine, ul. Szaserów 128, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
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88
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Selmi C, Cavaciocchi F, Lleo A, Cheroni C, De Francesco R, Lombardi SA, De Santis M, Meda F, Raimondo MG, Crotti C, Folci M, Zammataro L, Mayo MJ, Bach N, Shimoda S, Gordon SC, Miozzo M, Invernizzi P, Podda M, Scavelli R, Martin MR, Seldin MF, Lasalle JM, Gershwin ME. Genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation, copy number variation, and gene expression in monozygotic twins discordant for primary biliary cirrhosis. Front Immunol 2014; 5:128. [PMID: 24734033 PMCID: PMC3975093 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is an uncommon autoimmune disease with a homogeneous clinical phenotype that reflects incomplete disease concordance in monozygotic (MZ) twins. We have taken advantage of a unique collection consisting of genomic DNA and mRNA from peripheral blood cells of female MZ twins (n = 3 sets) and sisters of similar age (n = 8 pairs) discordant for disease. We performed a genome-wide study to investigate differences in (i) DNA methylation (using a custom tiled four-plex array containing tiled 50-mers 19,084 randomly chosen methylation sites), (ii) copy number variation (CNV) (with a chip including markers derived from the 1000 Genomes Project, all three HapMap phases, and recently published studies), and/or (iii) gene expression (by whole-genome expression arrays). Based on the results obtained from these three approaches we utilized quantitative PCR to compare the expression of candidate genes. Importantly, our data support consistent differences in discordant twins and siblings for the (i) methylation profiles of 60 gene regions, (ii) CNV of 10 genes, and (iii) the expression of 2 interferon-dependent genes. Quantitative PCR analysis showed that 17 of these genes are differentially expressed in discordant sibling pairs. In conclusion, we report that MZ twins and sisters discordant for PBC manifest particular epigenetic differences and highlight the value of the epigenetic study of twins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Selmi
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center , Milan , Italy ; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis , Davis, CA , USA
| | - Francesca Cavaciocchi
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center , Milan , Italy ; BIOMETRA Department, University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - Ana Lleo
- Liver Unit and Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center , Milan , Italy
| | | | | | - Simone A Lombardi
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center , Milan , Italy
| | - Maria De Santis
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center , Milan , Italy ; BIOMETRA Department, University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - Francesca Meda
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center , Milan , Italy
| | - Maria Gabriella Raimondo
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center , Milan , Italy
| | - Chiara Crotti
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center , Milan , Italy
| | - Marco Folci
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center , Milan , Italy
| | - Luca Zammataro
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center , Milan , Italy
| | | | - Nancy Bach
- Mt. Sinai University , New York, NY , USA
| | - Shinji Shimoda
- Clinical Research Center, National Nagasaki Medical Center , Nagasaki , Japan
| | | | - Monica Miozzo
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan , Milan , Italy ; Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , Milan , Italy
| | - Pietro Invernizzi
- Liver Unit and Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center , Milan , Italy
| | - Mauro Podda
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center , Milan , Italy
| | | | - Michelle R Martin
- Genome Center and M.I.N.D. Institute, University of California Davis , Davis, CA , USA
| | - Michael F Seldin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Janine M Lasalle
- Genome Center and M.I.N.D. Institute, University of California Davis , Davis, CA , USA
| | - M Eric Gershwin
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis , Davis, CA , USA
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89
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Selmi C, Cavaciocchi F, Lleo A, Cheroni C, De Francesco R, Lombardi SA, De Santis M, Meda F, Raimondo MG, Crotti C, Folci M, Zammataro L, Mayo MJ, Bach N, Shimoda S, Gordon SC, Miozzo M, Invernizzi P, Podda M, Scavelli R, Martin MR, Seldin MF, Lasalle JM, Gershwin ME. Genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation, copy number variation, and gene expression in monozygotic twins discordant for primary biliary cirrhosis. Front Immunol 2014. [PMID: 24734033 PMCID: PMC4132258 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is an uncommon autoimmune disease with a homogeneous clinical phenotype that reflects incomplete disease concordance in monozygotic (MZ) twins. We have taken advantage of a unique collection consisting of genomic DNA and mRNA from peripheral blood cells of female MZ twins (n = 3 sets) and sisters of similar age (n = 8 pairs) discordant for disease. We performed a genome-wide study to investigate differences in (i) DNA methylation (using a custom tiled four-plex array containing tiled 50-mers 19,084 randomly chosen methylation sites), (ii) copy number variation (CNV) (with a chip including markers derived from the 1000 Genomes Project, all three HapMap phases, and recently published studies), and/or (iii) gene expression (by whole-genome expression arrays). Based on the results obtained from these three approaches we utilized quantitative PCR to compare the expression of candidate genes. Importantly, our data support consistent differences in discordant twins and siblings for the (i) methylation profiles of 60 gene regions, (ii) CNV of 10 genes, and (iii) the expression of 2 interferon-dependent genes. Quantitative PCR analysis showed that 17 of these genes are differentially expressed in discordant sibling pairs. In conclusion, we report that MZ twins and sisters discordant for PBC manifest particular epigenetic differences and highlight the value of the epigenetic study of twins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Selmi
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center , Milan , Italy ; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis , Davis, CA , USA
| | - Francesca Cavaciocchi
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center , Milan , Italy ; BIOMETRA Department, University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - Ana Lleo
- Liver Unit and Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center , Milan , Italy
| | | | | | - Simone A Lombardi
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center , Milan , Italy
| | - Maria De Santis
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center , Milan , Italy ; BIOMETRA Department, University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - Francesca Meda
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center , Milan , Italy
| | - Maria Gabriella Raimondo
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center , Milan , Italy
| | - Chiara Crotti
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center , Milan , Italy
| | - Marco Folci
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center , Milan , Italy
| | - Luca Zammataro
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center , Milan , Italy
| | | | - Nancy Bach
- Mt. Sinai University , New York, NY , USA
| | - Shinji Shimoda
- Clinical Research Center, National Nagasaki Medical Center , Nagasaki , Japan
| | | | - Monica Miozzo
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan , Milan , Italy ; Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , Milan , Italy
| | - Pietro Invernizzi
- Liver Unit and Center for Autoimmune Liver Diseases, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center , Milan , Italy
| | - Mauro Podda
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center , Milan , Italy
| | | | - Michelle R Martin
- Genome Center and M.I.N.D. Institute, University of California Davis , Davis, CA , USA
| | - Michael F Seldin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Janine M Lasalle
- Genome Center and M.I.N.D. Institute, University of California Davis , Davis, CA , USA
| | - M Eric Gershwin
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis , Davis, CA , USA
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90
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Histone deacetylase inhibitors and epigenetic modifications as a novel strategy in renal cell carcinoma. Cancer J 2014; 19:333-40. [PMID: 23867515 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0b013e3182a09e07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent investigations of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) have revealed several epigenetic modifications, as well as alterations in the genes and enzymes that regulate these changes. Preclinical models have revealed that histone gene modifiers and epigenetic alterations may play a critical role in RCC tumorigenesis. Specific changes in DNA methylation and mutations of histone modifiers have been identified and may be associated with an aggressive phenotype. In addition, the potential of reversing the effects of these enzymes and hence reversing the cellular epigenetic landscape to a "normal phenotype" have led to an increasing interest in developing targeted chromatin remodeling agents. However, the translation of the understanding of these changes to the clinic for the treatment of RCC has posed significant challenges, partly due to tumor heterogeneity. This review describes the aberrant histone and DNA alterations recently reported in RCC and highlights the potential targeted chromatin remodeling therapies in the management of this disease.
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91
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FUT11 as a potential biomarker of clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression based on meta-analysis of gene expression data. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:2607-17. [PMID: 24318988 PMCID: PMC3967067 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1344-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we provide a comprehensive summary of available clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) microarray data in the form of meta-analysis of genes differentially regulated in tumors as compared to healthy tissue, using effect size to measure the strength of a relationship between the disease and gene expression. We identified 725 differentially regulated genes, with a number of interesting targets, such as TMEM213, SMIM5, or ATPases: ATP6V0A4 and ATP6V1G3, of which limited or no information is available in terms of their function in ccRCC pathology. Downregulated genes tended to represent pathways related to tissue remodeling, blood clotting, vasodilation, and energy metabolism, while upregulated genes were classified into pathways generally deregulated in cancers: immune system response, inflammatory response, angiogenesis, and apoptosis. One hundred fifteen deregulated genes were included in network analysis, with EGLN3, AP-2, NR3C1, HIF1A, and EPAS1 (gene encoding HIF2-α) as points of functional convergence, but, interestingly, 610 genes failed to join previously identified molecular networks. Furthermore, we validated the expression of 14 top deregulated genes in independent sample set of 32 ccRCC tumors by qPCR and tested if it could serve as a marker of disease progression. We found a correlation of high fucosyltransferase 11 (FUT11) expression with non-symptomatic course of the disease, which suggests that FUT11's expression might be potentially used as a biomarker of disease progression.
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