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Aberrant telomere length and mitochondrial DNA copy number in suicide completers. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3176. [PMID: 28600518 PMCID: PMC5466636 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03599-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Short telomere length (TL) occurs in individuals under psychological stress, and with various psychiatric diseases. Recent studies have also reported mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) alterations under several neuropsychiatric conditions. However, no study has examined whether aberrant TL or mtDNAcn occur in completed suicide, one of the most serious outcomes of mental illnesses. TL and mtDNAcn in post-mortem samples from 528 suicide completers without severe physical illness (508 peripheral bloods; 20 brains) and 560 samples from control subjects (peripheral bloods from 535 healthy individuals; 25 post-mortem brains) were analysed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Suicide completers had significantly shorter TL and higher mtDNAcn of peripheral bloods with sex/age-dependent differences (shorter TL was more remarkably in female/young suicides; higher mtDNAcn more so in male/elderly suicides). The normal age-related decline of TL and mtDNAcn were significantly altered in suicide completers. Furthermore, shorter TL and lower mtDNAcn of post-mortem prefrontal cortex were seen in suicide completers compared to controls. This study shows the first association of aberrant telomeres and mtDNA content with suicide completion. Our results indicate that further research on telomere shortening and mitochondrial dysfunction may help elucidate the molecular underpinnings of suicide-related pathophysiology.
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Clark A, Mach N. The Crosstalk between the Gut Microbiota and Mitochondria during Exercise. Front Physiol 2017; 8:319. [PMID: 28579962 PMCID: PMC5437217 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Many physiological changes occur in response to endurance exercise in order to adapt to the increasing energy needs, mitochondria biogenesis, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and acute inflammatory responses. Mitochondria are organelles within each cell that are crucial for ATP production and are also a major producer of ROS and reactive nitrogen species during intense exercise. Recent evidence shows there is a bidirectional interaction between mitochondria and microbiota. The gut microbiota have been shown to regulate key transcriptional co-activators, transcription factors and enzymes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis such as PGC-1α, SIRT1, and AMPK genes. Furthermore, the gut microbiota and its metabolites, such as short chain fatty acids and secondary bile acids, also contribute to host energy production, ROS modulation and inflammation in the gut by attenuating TNFα- mediated immune responses and inflammasomes such as NLRP3. On the other hand, mitochondria, particularly mitochondrial ROS production, have a crucial role in regulating the gut microbiota via modulating intestinal barrier function and mucosal immune responses. Recently, it has also been shown that genetic variants within the mitochondrial genome, could affect mitochondrial function and therefore the intestinal microbiota composition and activity. Diet is also known to dramatically modulate the composition of the gut microbiota. Therefore, studies targeting the gut microbiota can be useful for managing mitochondrial related ROS production, pro-inflammatory signals and metabolic limits in endurance athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Clark
- Health Science Department, Open University of CataloniaBarcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Mach
- Health Science Department, Open University of CataloniaBarcelona, Spain.,UMR 1313, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-SaclayJouy-en-Josas, France
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53
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Jung SJ, Cho JH, Park WJ, Heo YR, Lee JH. Telomere length is correlated with mitochondrial DNA copy number in intestinal, but not diffuse, gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:925-929. [PMID: 28693253 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A positive correlation between telomere length and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number has previously been observed in healthy individuals, and in patients with psychiatric disorders. In the present study, telomere length and mtDNA copy number were evaluated in gastric cancer (GC) tissue samples. DNA was extracted from 109 GC samples (including 82 intestinal, and 27 diffuse cases), and the telomere length and mtDNA copy number were analyzed using a quantitative-polymerase chain reaction assay. The relative telomere length and mtDNA copy number in tumor tissue, as compared with in normal tissue, (mean ± standard deviation) in all GC samples were 11.48±1.14 and 14.86±1.35, respectively. Telomere length and mtDNA copy number were not identified as exhibiting clinical or prognostic value for GC. However, positive correlations between telomere length and mitochondrial DNA copy number were identified in GC (r=0.408, P<0.001) and in the adjacent normal mucosa (r=0.363; P<0.001). When stratified by Lauren classification, the correlation was identified in intestinal type GC samples (r=0.461; P<0.001), but not in diffuse type GC samples (r=0.225; P=0.260). This result indicated that loss of the correlation of telomeres and mitochondrial function may induce the initiation or progression of GC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Jung Jung
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyoung Cho
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Jin Park
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Ran Heo
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Lee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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54
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Loss of the Association between Telomere Length and Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number Contribute to Colorectal Carcinogenesis. Pathol Oncol Res 2017; 24:323-328. [DOI: 10.1007/s12253-017-0245-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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55
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Mitochondrial DNA copy number in peripheral blood cell and hypertension risk among mining workers: a case–control study in Chinese coal miners. J Hum Hypertens 2017; 31:585-590. [DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2017.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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56
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Zole E, Zadinane K, Pliss L, Ranka R. Linkage between mitochondrial genome alterations, telomere length and aging population. Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2017; 29:431-438. [PMID: 28340313 DOI: 10.1080/24701394.2017.1303490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We studied telomere length (TL) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number variations in individuals from Latvian Caucasian population in different age groups. We showed a positive correlation between TL and mtDNA copy number in individuals of up to 90 years of age; however, this correlation was not observed in the 90-100 years age group. While TL shortened with age and mtDNA content decreased with increasing age, in this study it was observed that mtDNA copy number in nonagenarians was slightly higher than in the 60-89 years age group. The presence of heteroplasmy in the mtDNA HVS-I control region did not correlate with TL and mtDNA copy number. TL and mtDNA values also did not differ between mitochondrial haplogroups. In conclusion, while both TL and mtDNA are involved in the aging process and link between these cell components exists, nonagenarians may have differences in senescence-related pathways and systems, which may function as a protective mechanism that allows them to live longer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egija Zole
- a Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre , Riga , Latvia.,b Faculty of Biology , University of Latvia , Riga , Latvia
| | | | - Liana Pliss
- a Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre , Riga , Latvia
| | - Renate Ranka
- a Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre , Riga , Latvia.,c Riga Stradins University , Riga , Latvia
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Lindqvist D, Fernström J, Grudet C, Ljunggren L, Träskman-Bendz L, Ohlsson L, Westrin Å. Increased plasma levels of circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA in suicide attempters: associations with HPA-axis hyperactivity. Transl Psychiatry 2016; 6:e971. [PMID: 27922635 PMCID: PMC5315562 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2016.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Preclinical data suggest that chronic stress may cause cellular damage and mitochondrial dysfunction, potentially leading to the release of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) into the bloodstream. Major depressive disorder has been associated with an increased amount of mtDNA in leukocytes from saliva samples and blood; however, no previous studies have measured plasma levels of free-circulating mtDNA in a clinical psychiatric sample. In this study, free circulating mtDNA was quantified in plasma samples from 37 suicide attempters, who had undergone a dexamethasone suppression test (DST), and 37 healthy controls. We hypothesized that free circulating mtDNA would be elevated in the suicide attempters and would be associated with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis hyperactivity. Suicide attempters had significantly higher plasma levels of free-circulating mtDNA compared with healthy controls at different time points (pre- and post-DST; all P-values<2.98E-12, Cohen's d ranging from 2.55 to 4.01). Pre-DST plasma levels of mtDNA were positively correlated with post-DST cortisol levels (rho=0.49, P<0.003). Suicide attempters may have elevated plasma levels of free-circulating mtDNA, which are related to impaired HPA-axis negative feedback. This peripheral index is consistent with an increased cellular or mitochondrial damage. The specific cells and tissues contributing to plasma levels of free-circulating mtDNA are not known, as is the specificity of this finding for suicide attempters. Future studies are needed in order to better understand the relevance of increased free-circulating mtDNA in relation to the pathophysiology underlying suicidal behavior and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lindqvist
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Psychiatry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA,Psychiatric Clinic, Lund, Division of Psychiatry, Lund, Sweden
| | - J Fernström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Psychiatry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden,Psychiatric Clinic, Lund, Division of Psychiatry, Lund, Sweden
| | - C Grudet
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Psychiatry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - L Ljunggren
- Department of Biomedical Science, Malmö University,Health and Society, Malmö, Sweden
| | - L Träskman-Bendz
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Psychiatry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - L Ohlsson
- Department of Biomedical Science, Malmö University,Health and Society, Malmö, Sweden,Department of Biomedical Science, Malmö University, Health and Society, Malmö 205 06, Sweden. E-mail:
| | - Å Westrin
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Psychiatry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden,Psychiatric Clinic, Lund, Division of Psychiatry, Lund, Sweden
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58
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Chang YK, Kim DE, Cho SH, Kim JH. Association between Leukocyte Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number and Regular Exercise in Postmenopausal Women. Korean J Fam Med 2016; 37:334-339. [PMID: 27900071 PMCID: PMC5122665 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.2016.37.6.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies suggest that habitual exercise can improve skeletal mitochondrial function; however, to date, the association between exercise and mitochondrial function in peripheral leukocytes has not been reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between regular exercise and mitochondrial function by measuring leukocyte mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number in postmenopausal women. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 144 relatively healthy, non-diabetic, non-smoking, postmenopausal women. Clinical parameters, including anthropometric measurements and cardio-metabolic parameters, were assessed. Regular exercise was defined as at least 150 minutes per week of moderate-intensity activity, or an equivalent combination of moderate and vigorous-intensity activity, over a duration of at least 6 months. Leukocyte mtDNA copy numbers were measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction assays, and these were normalized to the β-globin copy number to give the relative mtDNA copy number. RESULTS The mtDNA copy number of peripheral leukocytes was significantly greater in the exercise group (1.33±0.02) than in the no exercise group (1.05±0.02, P<0.01). Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that regular exercise was independently associated with mtDNA copy number (β=0.25, P<0.01) after adjusting for the variables age, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance value, and levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and homocysteine. CONCLUSION Regular exercise is associated with greater leukocyte mtDNA copy number in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Kyung Chang
- Department of Family Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Da Eun Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Cho
- Department of Family Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Ha Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Starnino L, Busque L, Tardif JC, D’Antono B. Psychological Profiles in the Prediction of Leukocyte Telomere Length in Healthy Individuals. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165482. [PMID: 27788238 PMCID: PMC5082938 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shorter telomere length (TL) may signal premature cellular aging and increased risk for disease. While depression and psychosocial stress have been associated with shorter telomeres, other psychological risk factors for cardiovascular disease have received less attention. PURPOSE To evaluate the association between TL and psychological risk factors (symptoms of anxiety and depression, hostility and defensiveness traits) for heart disease, and to examine whether chronological age and sex moderate the associations observed. METHODS 132 healthy men and women (Mage = 45.34 years) completed the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory II, The Beck Anxiety Inventory and the Cook-Medley Hostility Scale. Relative TL was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of total genomic DNA samples. A series of hierarchical linear regressions were performed controlling for pertinent covariates. RESULTS Shorter TL was observed among individuals high in defensiveness (β = -.221) and depressive symptoms (β = -.213), as well as in those with less hostility (β =.256) and anxiety (β =.220)(all Ps<.05). Psychological variables explained 19% of the variance over and above that explained by covariates (age, sex, exercise, alcohol consumption, systemic inflammation, and 24-hr mean arterial pressure). Age moderated the relation between TL and defensiveness (β =.179, p =.03). Sex did not influence any of the relations. CONCLUSIONS Telomere length is associated with psychological burden though the direction of effect differs depending on the psychological variables under study. Further research is needed to determine the reasons for and implications of these seemingly contradictory findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisia Starnino
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Lambert Busque
- Research Center, Hematology Division, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jean-Claude Tardif
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Bianca D’Antono
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
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60
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Alegría-Torres JA, Velázquez-Villafaña M, López-Gutiérrez JM, Chagoyán-Martínez MM, Rocha-Amador DO, Costilla-Salazar R, García-Torres L. Association of Leukocyte Telomere Length and Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number in Children from Salamanca, Mexico. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2016; 20:654-659. [PMID: 27622310 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2016.0176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this study was to determine if there is a correlation between telomere length (TL) and mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) in children. METHODS Leukocyte TL and mtDNAcn were measured by real-time PCR in 98 Mexican children 6-12 years of age from Salamanca, México. RESULTS A positive association was found between TL and mtDNAcn after a natural log transformation (Pearson correlation r = 0.72; p < 0.0001). No correlation between age and body mass index (BMI) biomarkers was found, and no differences according to sex were observed. After adjustment for these variables, a linear regression model showed an association between TL and mtDNAcn (β = 0.739, 95% confidence interval 0.594; 0.885, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS A strong positive correlation between TL and mtDNAcn was found in the study population; age, sex, and BMI seemed to have no effect on this correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Alejandro Alegría-Torres
- 1 División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Departamento de Farmacia, Campus Guanajuato, Universidad de Guanajuato , Guanajuato, México .,2 Laboratorio de Investigación Molecular en Nutrición, LIMON, Universidad del Centro de México UCEM , San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Marion Velázquez-Villafaña
- 1 División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Departamento de Farmacia, Campus Guanajuato, Universidad de Guanajuato , Guanajuato, México
| | - Juan Manuel López-Gutiérrez
- 3 División de Ciencias de la Vida, Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad de Guanajuato , Guanajuato, México
| | - Marcela M Chagoyán-Martínez
- 4 Unidad Interdisciplinaria de Ingeniería, Campus Guanajuato, Instituto Politécnico Nacional , Silao, Guanajuato, México
| | - Diana O Rocha-Amador
- 1 División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Departamento de Farmacia, Campus Guanajuato, Universidad de Guanajuato , Guanajuato, México
| | - Rogelio Costilla-Salazar
- 3 División de Ciencias de la Vida, Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad de Guanajuato , Guanajuato, México
| | - Lizeth García-Torres
- 2 Laboratorio de Investigación Molecular en Nutrición, LIMON, Universidad del Centro de México UCEM , San Luis Potosí, México
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Bao D, Ba Y, Zhou F, Zhao J, Yang Q, Ge N, Guo X, Wu Z, Zhang H, Yang H, Wan S, Xing J. Alterations of telomere length and mtDNA copy number are associated with overall survival in hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with transarterial chemoembolization. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2016; 78:791-9. [PMID: 27558242 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-016-3128-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Increasing evidence suggests that alterations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number (mtDNAcn) and relative telomere length (RTL) may be implicated in the tumorigenesis of several malignancies. Alterations of both RTL and mtDNAcn are generally accepted as independent biomarkers for predicting risk and prognosis in various cancers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of combining leukocyte RTL with mtDNAcn (RTL-mtDNAcn) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS RTL and mtDNAcn in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) were measured using a real-time PCR-based method in a total of 250 HCC patients treated with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). We evaluated the associations between RTL and/or mtDNAcn and HCC overall survival using Kaplan-Meier curve analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS We found that patients with longer leukocyte RTL or lower mtDNAcn had shorter overall survival time. The univariate analysis (HR 1.63, 95 % CI 1.23-2.17, P = 7.7 × 10(-4)) and multivariate analysis (HR 1.78, 95 % CI 1.31-2.42, P = 2.4 × 10(-4)) indicated that longer leukocyte RTL was significantly associated with poorer OS in HCC patients. Kaplan-Meier curve analysis showed that patients with longer RTL had shorter overall survival time than those with shorter RTL (log-rank P = 0.001). Patients with lower mtDNA copy number was significantly associated with poorer OS by Cox proportional hazards model using both univariate (HR 1.60, 95 % CI 1.21-2.13, P = 0.001) and multivariate analyses (HR 1.77, 95 % CI 1.30-2.41, P = 2.8 × 10(-4)). Kaplan-Meier curve analysis showed that patients with lower mtDNA content had significantly shorter overall survival time than those with higher mtDNA content (log-rank P = 0.001). Furthermore, combination of leukocyte RTL and mtDNAcn significantly improved the efficacy of predicting HCC prognosis. Patients with longer RTL and lower mtDNAcn exhibited a significantly poorer overall survival in both the univariate analysis (HR 2.21, 95 % CI 1.52-3.22, P = 3.5 × 10(-5)) and multivariate analysis (HR 2.60, 95 % CI 1.73-3.90, P = 4.3 × 10(-6)). The effect on patient prognosis was more evident in patients with longer RTL and lower mtDNAcn than in those with shorter RTL and lower mtDNA (HR 2.11, 95 % CI 1.34-3.32, P = 0.001) or in those with longer RTL and higher mtDNA (HR 2.10, 95 % CI 1.34-3.27, P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that combination of leukocyte RTL-mtDNAcn may be a potential efficient prognostic marker for HCC patients receiving the TACE treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengke Bao
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Yanna Ba
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shanxi, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shanxi, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Naijian Ge
- Department of Radioactive Intervention, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhenbiao Wu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shanxi, China
| | - Hongxin Zhang
- Department of Pain Treatment, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shanxi, China
| | - Hushan Yang
- Division of Population Science, Department of Medical Oncology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Shaogui Wan
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical College of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China.
| | - Jinliang Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shanxi, China.
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Pieters N, Janssen BG, Dewitte H, Cox B, Cuypers A, Lefebvre W, Smeets K, Vanpoucke C, Plusquin M, Nawrot TS. Biomolecular Markers within the Core Axis of Aging and Particulate Air Pollution Exposure in the Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Study. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2016; 124:943-50. [PMID: 26672058 PMCID: PMC4937852 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1509728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomere length and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content are markers of aging and aging-related diseases. There is inconclusive evidence concerning the mechanistic effects of airborne particulate matter (PM) exposure on biomolecular markers of aging. OBJECTIVE The present study examines the association between short- and long-term PM exposure with telomere length and mtDNA content in the elderly and investigates to what extent this association is mediated by expression of genes playing a role in the telomere-mitochondrial axis of aging. METHODS Among 166 nonsmoking elderly participants, we used qPCR to measure telomere length and mtDNA content in leukocytes and RNA from whole blood to measure expression of SIRT1, TP53, PPARGC1A, PPARGC1B, NRF1, and NFE2L2. Associations between PM exposure and markers of aging were estimated using multivariable linear regression models adjusted for sex, age, BMI, socioeconomic status, statin use, past smoking status, white blood cell count, and percentage of neutrophils. Mediation analysis was performed to explore the role of age-related markers between the association of PM exposure and outcome. Annual PM2.5 exposure was calculated for each participant's home address using a high-resolution spatial-temporal interpolation model. RESULTS Annual PM2.5 concentrations ranged from 15 to 23 μg/m3. A 5-μg/m3 increment in annual PM2.5 concentration was associated with a relative decrease of 16.8% (95% CI: -26.0%, -7.4%, p = 0.0005) in telomere length and a relative decrease of 25.7% (95% CI: -35.2%, -16.2%, p < 0.0001) in mtDNA content. Assuming causality, results of the mediation analysis indicated that SIRT1 mediated 19.5% and 22.5% of the estimated effect of PM2.5 exposure on telomere length and mtDNA content, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the estimated effects of PM2.5 exposure on the telomere-mitochondrial axis of aging may play an important role in chronic health effects of PM2.5. CITATION Pieters N, Janssen BG, Dewitte H, Cox B, Cuypers A, Lefebvre W, Smeets K, Vanpoucke C, Plusquin M, Nawrot TS. 2016. Biomolecular markers within the core axis of aging and particulate air pollution exposure in the elderly: a cross-sectional study. Environ Health Perspect 124:943-950; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1509728.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicky Pieters
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Bram G. Janssen
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | | | - Bianca Cox
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Ann Cuypers
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Wouter Lefebvre
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Karen Smeets
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | | | - Michelle Plusquin
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Tim S. Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
- Department of Public Health & Primary Care, Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
- Address correspondence to T.S. Nawrot, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. Telephone: 32-11-268382. E-mail:
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Knez J, Winckelmans E, Plusquin M, Thijs L, Cauwenberghs N, Gu Y, Staessen JA, Nawrot TS, Kuznetsova T. Correlates of Peripheral Blood Mitochondrial DNA Content in a General Population. Am J Epidemiol 2016; 183:138-46. [PMID: 26702630 PMCID: PMC4706678 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwv175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations leads to alterations of mitochondrial biogenesis and function that might produce a decrease in mtDNA content within cells. This implies that mtDNA content might be a potential biomarker associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. However, data on correlates of mtDNA content in a general population are sparse. Our goal in the present study was to describe in a randomly recruited population sample the distribution and determinants of peripheral blood mtDNA content. From 2009 to 2013, we examined 689 persons (50.4% women; mean age = 54.4 years) randomly selected from a Flemish population (Flemish Study on Environment, Genes, and Health Outcomes). Relative mtDNA copy number as compared with nuclear DNA was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in peripheral blood. There was a curvilinear relationship between relative mtDNA copy number and age. mtDNA content slightly increased until the fifth decade of life and declined in older subjects (Page2 = 0.0002). mtDNA content was significantly higher in women (P = 0.007) and increased with platelet count (P < 0.0001), whereas it was inversely associated with white blood cell count (P < 0.0001). We also observed lower mtDNA content in women using estroprogestogens (P = 0.044). This study demonstrated in a general population that peripheral blood mtDNA content is significantly associated with sex and age. Blood mtDNA content is also influenced by platelet and white blood cell counts and estroprogestogen intake. Further studies are required to clarify the impact of chronic inflammation and hormone therapy on mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tatiana Kuznetsova
- Correspondence to Dr. Tatiana Kuznetsova, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Biomedical Sciences Group, University of Leuven, Campus Sint Rafaël, Kapucijnenvoer 35, Box 7001, B 3000 Leuven, Belgium (e-mail: )
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64
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Tyrka AR, Parade SH, Price LH, Kao HT, Porton B, Philip NS, Welch ES, Carpenter LL. Alterations of Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number and Telomere Length With Early Adversity and Psychopathology. Biol Psychiatry 2016; 79:78-86. [PMID: 25749099 PMCID: PMC4503518 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomere shortening and alterations of mitochondrial biogenesis are involved in cellular aging. Childhood adversity is associated with telomere shortening, and several investigations have shown short telomeres in psychiatric disorders. Recent studies have examined whether mitochondria might be involved in neuropsychiatric conditions; findings are limited and no prior work has examined this in relation to stress exposure. METHODS Two-hundred ninety healthy adults provided information on childhood parental loss and maltreatment and completed diagnostic interviews. Participants were categorized into four groups based upon the presence or absence of childhood adversity and the presence or absence of lifetime psychopathology (depressive, anxiety, and substance use disorders). Telomere length and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number were measured from leukocyte DNA by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Childhood adversity and lifetime psychopathology were each associated with shorter telomeres (p < .01) and higher mtDNA copy numbers (p < .001). Significantly higher mtDNA copy numbers and shorter telomeres were seen in individuals with major depression, depressive disorders, and anxiety disorders, as well as those with parental loss and childhood maltreatment. A history of substance disorders was also associated with significantly higher mtDNA copy numbers. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first evidence of an alteration of mitochondrial biogenesis with early life stress and with anxiety and substance use disorders. We replicate prior work on telomere length and psychopathology and show that this effect is not secondary to medication use or comorbid medical illness. Finally, we show that early life stress and psychopathology are each associated with these markers of cellular aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey R. Tyrka
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Stephanie H. Parade
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA,Bradley/Hasbro Children’s Research Center, E. P. Bradley Hospital, East Providence, RI, USA
| | - Lawrence H. Price
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Hung-Teh Kao
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA,Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Barbara Porton
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA,Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Noah S. Philip
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Emma S. Welch
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Linda L. Carpenter
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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Association of telomere length and mitochondrial DNA copy number with risperidone treatment response in first-episode antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18553. [PMID: 26680692 PMCID: PMC4683467 DOI: 10.1038/srep18553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates a putative association of telomere length and mitochondrial function with antipsychotics response in schizophrenia (SCZ). However, pharmacological findings were limited and no previous work has assessed this in a prospective longitudinal study. This study assessed telomere length and mitochondrial DNA copy number in first-episode antipsychotic-naïve SCZ patients with 8-week risperidone treatment to evaluate the association between these biomarkers and clinical treatment response. We recruited 137 first-episode antipsychotic-naive SCZ patients (and 144 controls) at baseline and 89 patients completed the 8-week follow-up. Patients, completed follow-up, were divided into Responders (N = 46) and Non-Responders (N = 43) according to the percentage of symptoms improvement. Linear regression analyses show that SCZ patients had significantly lower mtDNA copy number (β = -0.108, p = 0.002), and no alteration of telomere length when compared with healthy controls. In addition, compared with Non-Responders, Responders had significantly lower mtDNA copy number (β = -0.178, p = 0.001), and longer telomere length (β = 0.111, p = 0.071) before the 8-week treatment. After treatment, Responders persisted lower mtDNA copy number comparing with No-Responders (partial η(2) = 0.125, p = 0.001). These findings suggest that telomere length and mtDNA copy number may hold the potential to serve as predictors of antipsychotic response of SCZ patients.
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66
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Melicher D, Buzas EI, Falus A. Genetic and epigenetic trends in telomere research: a novel way in immunoepigenetics. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:4095-109. [PMID: 26190020 PMCID: PMC11113282 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-1991-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Telomeres are protective heterochromatic structures that cap the end of linear chromosomes and play a key role in preserving genomic stability. Telomere length represents a balance between processes that shorten telomeres during cell divisions with incomplete DNA replication and the ones that lengthen telomeres by the action of telomerase, an RNA-protein complex with reverse transcriptase activity which adds telomeric repeats to DNA molecule ends. Telomerase activity and telomere length have a crucial role in cellular ageing and in the pathobiology of several human diseases attracting intense research. The last few decades have witnessed remarkable advances in our understanding about telomeres, telomere-associated proteins, and the biogenesis and regulation of the telomerase holoenzyme complex, as well as about telomerase activation and the telomere-independent functions of telomerase. Emerging data have revealed that telomere length can be modified by genetic and epigenetic factors, sex hormones, reactive oxygen species and inflammatory reactions. It has become clear that, in order to find out more about the factors influencing the rate of telomere attrition in vivo, it is crucial to explore both genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. Since the telomere/telomerase assembly is under the control of multiple epigenetic influences, the unique design of twin studies could help disentangle genetic and environmental factors in the functioning of the telomere/telomerase system. It is surprising that the literature on twin studies investigating this topic is rather scarce. This review aims to provide an overview of some important immune response- and epigenetics-related aspects of the telomere/telomerase system demanding more research, while presenting the available twin data published in connection with telomere research so far. By emphasising what we know and what we still do not know in these areas, another purpose of this review is to urge more twin studies in telomere research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Melicher
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edit I Buzas
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andras Falus
- Department of Genetics, Cell and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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67
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Liu SF, Kuo HC, Tseng CW, Huang HT, Chen YC, Tseng CC, Lin MC. Leukocyte Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number Is Associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138716. [PMID: 26394041 PMCID: PMC4578933 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress is known to be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Evidence suggests that leukocytes mitochondria DNA (mtDNA) is susceptible to undergo mutations, insertions, or depletion in response to reactive oxidative stress (ROS). We hypothesize that mtDNA copy number is associated with the development of COPD. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Relative mtDNA copy number was measured by a quantitative real-time PCR assay using DNA extracted from peripheral leukocytes. MtDNA copy number of peripheral leukocytes in the COPD group (n = 86) is significantly decreased compared with non-smoker group (n = 77) (250.3± 21.5 VS. 464.2± 49.9, P<0.001). MtDNA copy number in the COPD group was less than that in the healthy smoking group, but P value nearly achieved significance (250.3± 21.5 VS. 404.0± 76.7, P = 0.08) MtDNA copy number has no significance with age, gender, body mass index, current smoking, and pack-years in COPD group, healthy smoker group and no smoker group, respectively. Serum glutathione level in the COPD group is significantly decreased compared with healthy smoker and non-smoker groups (4.5± 1.3 VS. 6.2± 1.9 and 4.5± 1.3 VS. 7.1±1.1 mU/mL; P<0.001 respectively). Pearson correlation test shows a significant liner correlation between mtDNA copy number and serum glutathione level (R = 0.2, P = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE COPD is associated with decreased leukocyte mtDNA copy number and serum glutathione. COPD is a regulatory disorder of leukocytes mitochondria. However, further studies are needed to determine the real mechanisms about the gene and the function of mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Feng Liu
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Chang Kuo
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Wan Tseng
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Tu Huang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Che Chen
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Cheng Tseng
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chih Lin
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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68
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Tyrka AR, Carpenter LL, Kao HT, Porton B, Philip NS, Ridout SJ, Ridout KK, Price LH. Association of telomere length and mitochondrial DNA copy number in a community sample of healthy adults. Exp Gerontol 2015; 66:17-20. [PMID: 25845980 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Cellular aging plays a role in longevity and senescence, and has been implicated in medical and psychiatric conditions, including heart disease, cancer, major depression and posttraumatic stress disorder. Telomere shortening and mitochondrial dysfunction are thought to be central to the cellular aging process. The present study examined the association between mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number and telomere length in a sample of medically healthy adults. Participants (total n=392) were divided into 4 groups based on the presence or absence of early life adversity and lifetime psychopathology: No Adversity/No Disorder, n=136; Adversity/No Disorder, n=91; No Adversity/Disorder, n=46; Adversity/Disorder, n=119. Telomere length and mtDNA copy number were measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. There was a positive correlation between mtDNA and telomere length in the entire sample (r=0.120, p<0.001) and in each of the four groups of participants (No Adversity/No Disorder, r=0.291, p=0.001; Adversity/No Disorder r=0.279, p=0.007; No Adversity/Disorder r=0.449, p=0.002; Adversity/Disorder, r=0.558, p<0.001). These correlations remained significant when controlling for age, smoking, and body mass index and establish an association between mtDNA and telomere length in a large group of women and men both with and without early adversity and psychopathology, suggesting co-regulation of telomeres and mitochondrial function. The mechanisms underlying this association may be important in the pathophysiology of age-related medical conditions, such as heart disease and cancer, as well as for stress-associated psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey R Tyrka
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, USA.
| | - Linda L Carpenter
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, USA
| | - Hung-Teh Kao
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, USA; Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Barbara Porton
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, USA; Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Noah S Philip
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, USA
| | - Samuel J Ridout
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, USA
| | - Kathryn K Ridout
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, USA
| | - Lawrence H Price
- Mood Disorders Research Program and Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, USA
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Pieters N, Janssen BG, Valeri L, Cox B, Cuypers A, Dewitte H, Plusquin M, Smeets K, Nawrot TS. Molecular responses in the telomere-mitochondrial axis of ageing in the elderly: a candidate gene approach. Mech Ageing Dev 2015; 145:51-7. [PMID: 25736869 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Experimental evidence shows that telomere shortening induces mitochondrial damage but so far studies in humans are scarce. Here, we investigated the association between leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content in elderly and explored possible intermediate mechanisms by determining the gene expression profile of candidate genes in the telomere-mitochondrial axis of ageing. Among 166 non-smoking elderly, LTL, leukocyte mtDNA content and expression of candidate genes: sirtuin1 (SIRT1), tumor protein p53 (TP53), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ-coactivator1α (PGC-1α), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ-coactivator1β (PGC-1β), nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) and nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like 2 (NRF2), using a quantitave real time polymerase chain assay (qPCR). Statistical mediation analysis was used to study intermediate mechanisms of the telomere-mitochondrial axis of ageing. LTL correlated with leukocyte mtDNA content in our studied elderly (r = 0.23, p = 0.0047). SIRT1 gene expression correlated positively with LTL (r = 0.26, p = 0.0094) and leukocyte mtDNA content (r = 0.43, p < 0.0001). The other studied candidates showed significant correlations in the telomere-mitochondrial interactome but not independent from SIRT1. SIRT1 gene expression was estimated to mediate 40% of the positive association between LTL and leukocyte mtDNA content. The key finding of our study was that SIRT1 expression plays a pivotal role in the telomere-mitochondrial interactome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicky Pieters
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Bram G Janssen
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Linda Valeri
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Harvard University, 655 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bianca Cox
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Ann Cuypers
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Harrie Dewitte
- Primary Health Care Centre GVHV, Keinkesstraat 3a, Genk, Belgium
| | - Michelle Plusquin
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Karen Smeets
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D Diepenbeek, Belgium; Department of Public Health, Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Herestraat 49, Leuven, Belgium.
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70
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Leucocyte telomere shortening in relation to newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients with depression. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2014; 2014:673959. [PMID: 24868316 PMCID: PMC4020220 DOI: 10.1155/2014/673959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this study is to investigate the association between oxidative stress and telomere length shortening in the comorbid depression and diabetes. Therefore, 71 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D) and 52 subjects with normal glycemic level (control, Ctrl) were enrolled. Depressive status was identified with the Depression Subscale of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-D). Leukocyte telomere length ratio (T/S ratio) was determined with quantitative PCR. Oxidative stress status was evaluated with 8-hydroxy-desoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) assay kit. Some other biochemical blood testing was also performed. The data showed that T2D patients had higher proportion of depression evaluated by the HADS-D (x(2) = 4.196, P = 0.041). T/S ratio was significantly negatively correlated with 8-OHdG, HADS-D, age, HbA1c, FPG, and HOMA-IR. In addition, HADS-D was significantly positively correlated with HbA1c, FPG, HOMA-IR, and 8-OHdG. Both HADS-D and 8-OHdG were the major independent predictors for T/S ratio. This study indicates that oxidative stress contributes to both telomere length shortening and depression development in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients, while in depression status, some other mechanisms besides oxidative stress may also affect the telomere length.
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Hyland PL, Pfeiffer RM, Rotunno M, Hofmann JN, Liu CS, Cheng WL, Yuenger J, Lan Q, Tucker MA, Goldstein AM, Yang XR. Constitutive mitochondrial DNA copy number in peripheral blood of melanoma families with and without CDKN2A mutations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 2014. [PMID: 25685612 DOI: 10.4172/2157-2518.s4-006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative changes in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been associated with the risk of a number of human cancers; however, the relationship between constitutive mtDNA copy number in blood and the risk of familial cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) has not been reported. We measured mtDNA copy number using quantitative PCR in blood-derived DNA from 136 CMM cases and 302 controls in 53 melanoma-prone families (23 segregating CDKN2A germline mutations). MtDNA copy number did not vary by age, sex, pigmentation characteristics, or CMM status. However, germline CDKN2A mutation carriers had significantly higher mean mtDNA copy number compared to non-carriers, particularly among CMM cases (geometric mean mtDNA copy number of 144 and 111 for carrier versus non-carrier, respectively; P= 0.02). When adjusting for age, sex, and familial correlation, having increasing mtDNA copy number was significantly associated with CDKN2A mutation status among CMM cases (OR=1.47, Ptrend=0.024). In particular, individuals with specific CDKN2A mutations with the potential to inactivate or reduce the level of the p16-INK4 reactive oxygen species (ROS) protective function had significantly increased mtDNA copy number levels (P=0.035). Future research in prospective studies is required to validate these findings and to further investigate mtDNA copy number in both blood and melanoma tissues in relation to CMM risk and CDKN2A mutation status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula L Hyland
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Ruth M Pfeiffer
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Melissa Rotunno
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jonathan N Hofmann
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Chin-San Liu
- Vascular and Genomic Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ling Cheng
- Vascular and Genomic Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Jeff Yuenger
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Margaret A Tucker
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Alisa M Goldstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Xiaohong R Yang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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