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Tanner LB, Chng C, Guan XL, Lei Z, Rozen SG, Wenk MR. Lipidomics identifies a requirement for peroxisomal function during influenza virus replication. J Lipid Res 2014; 55:1357-65. [PMID: 24868094 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m049148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza virus acquires a host-derived lipid envelope during budding, yet a convergent view on the role of host lipid metabolism during infection is lacking. Using a mass spectrometry-based lipidomics approach, we provide a systems-scale perspective on membrane lipid dynamics of infected human lung epithelial cells and purified influenza virions. We reveal enrichment of the minor peroxisome-derived ether-linked phosphatidylcholines relative to bulk ester-linked phosphatidylcholines in virions as a unique pathogenicity-dependent signature for influenza not found in other enveloped viruses. Strikingly, pharmacological and genetic interference with peroxisomal and ether lipid metabolism impaired influenza virus production. Further integration of our lipidomics results with published genomics and proteomics data corroborated altered peroxisomal lipid metabolism as a hallmark of influenza virus infection in vitro and in vivo. Influenza virus may therefore tailor peroxisomal and particularly ether lipid metabolism for efficient replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Bahati Tanner
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456 NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering (NGS), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456
| | - Charmaine Chng
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456
| | - Xue Li Guan
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456 Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Zhengdeng Lei
- Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857 Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857 Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Steven G Rozen
- Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857 Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857
| | - Markus R Wenk
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456 NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering (NGS), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456 Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, 4002 Basel, Switzerland Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597
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Subversion of early innate antiviral responses during antibody-dependent enhancement of Dengue virus infection induces severe disease in immunocompetent mice. Med Microbiol Immunol 2014; 203:231-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s00430-014-0334-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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53
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Mallet de Lima CD, da Conceição Costa J, de Oliveira Lima Santos SA, Carvalho S, de Carvalho L, Albano RM, Teixeira MM, Plotkowski MCM, Saliba AM. Central role of PAFR signalling in ExoU-induced NF-κB activation. Cell Microbiol 2014; 16:1244-54. [PMID: 24612488 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
ExoU is an important virulence factor in acute Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. Here, we unveiled the mechanisms of ExoU-driven NF-κB activation by using human airway cells and mice infected with P. aeruginosa strains. Several approaches showed that PAFR was crucially implicated in the activation of the canonical NF-κB pathway. Confocal microscopy of lungs from infected mice revealed that PAFR-dependent NF-κB activation occurred mainly in respiratory epithelial cells, and reduced p65 nuclear translocation was detected in mice PAFR-/- or treated with the PAFR antagonist WEB 2086. Several evidences showed that ExoU-induced NF-κB activation regulated PAFR expression. First, ExoU increased p65 occupation of PAFR promoter, as assessed by ChIP. Second, luciferase assays in cultures transfected with different plasmid constructs revealed that ExoU promoted p65 binding to the three κB sites in PAFR promoter. Third, treatment of cell cultures with the NF-κB inhibitor Bay 11-7082, or transfection with IκBα negative-dominant, significantly decreased PAFR mRNA. Finally, reduction in PAFR expression was observed in mice treated with Bay 11-7082 or WEB 2086 prior to infection. Together, our data demonstrate that ExoU activates NF-κB by PAFR signalling, which in turns enhances PAFR expression, highlighting an important mechanism of amplification of response to this P. aeruginosa toxin.
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54
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Menezes-Garcia Z, Oliveira MC, Lima RL, Soriani FM, Cisalpino D, Botion LM, Teixeira MM, Souza DG, Ferreira AVM. Lack of platelet-activating factor receptor protects mice against diet-induced adipose inflammation and insulin-resistance despite fat pad expansion. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2014; 22:663-72. [PMID: 24339378 DOI: 10.1002/oby.20142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The role of platelet-activating factor (PAF) on diet-induced inflammatory and metabolic dysfunction is unknown. The effects of diet-induced metabolic and inflammatory dysfunction in mice with deletion of the PAF receptor (PAFR(-/-) ) were evaluated in this study. METHODS Wild-type and PAFR(-/-) mice were fed chow (WT-C and PAFR(-/-) -C) or high-refined carbohydrate-containing diet (WT-HC and PAFR(-/-) -HC). PAFR(-/-) - RESULTS: HC mice gained more weight and adiposity than PAFR(-/-) -C and WT-HC mice. Lipogenesis increased and hormone-sensitive lipase expression decreased in PAFR(-/-) -HC compared to WT-HC mice. WT-HC mice had impaired glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity compared to WT-C mice. In contrast, glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in PAFR(-/-) -HC mice were similar to that of lean littermates. PAFR(-/-) -HC mice expressed significantly more peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor gamma (PPARγ) than PAFR(-/-) -C and WT-C mice. Resistin increased in WT-HC mice compared to WT-C mice. However, the levels of resistin were 35% lower in PAFR(-/-) -HC mice than WT-HC mice. PAFR(-/-) presented with less HC diet-induced adipose tissue inflammation than WT mice. Adipocytes isolated from PAFR(-/-) mice incubated in media containing normal or high levels of glucose secreted less interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha and presented lower rate of lipolysis than WT mice. CONCLUSION PAFR deficiency resulted in less inflammation in adipose tissue and improvement in glucose homeostasis when fed the HC diet. The higher adiposity observed in PAFR(-/-) mice fed HC diet could be owing to the maintenance of insulin sensitivity, decreased adipocyte lipolysis rate, high lipogenesis and PPARγ expression, and lower inflammatory milieu in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zélia Menezes-Garcia
- Department of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Biological Sciences Institute, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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55
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Wei H, Wang S, Chen Q, Chen Y, Chi X, Zhang L, Huang S, Gao GF, Chen JL. Suppression of interferon lambda signaling by SOCS-1 results in their excessive production during influenza virus infection. PLoS Pathog 2014; 10:e1003845. [PMID: 24391501 PMCID: PMC3879354 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate cytokine response provides the first line of defense against influenza virus infection. However, excessive production of cytokines appears to be critical in the pathogenesis of influenza virus. Interferon lambdas (IFN-λ) have been shown to be overproduced during influenza virus infection, but the precise pathogenic processes of IFN-λ production have yet to be characterized. In this report, we observed that influenza virus induced robust expression of IFN-λ in alveolar epithelial cells (A549) mainly through a RIG-I-dependent pathway, but IFN-λ-induced phosphorylation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription protein 1 (STAT1) was dramatically inhibited in the infected cells. Remarkably, influenza virus infection induced robust expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS-1), leading to inhibition of STAT1 activation. Interestingly, the virus-induced SOCS-1 expression was cytokine-independent at early stage of infection both in vitro and in vivo. Using transgenic mouse model and distinct approaches altering the expression of SOCS-1 or activation of STAT signaling, we demonstrated that disruption of the SOCS-1 expression or expression of constitutively active STAT1 significantly reduced the production of IFN-λ during influenza virus infection. Furthermore, we revealed that disruption of IFN-λ signaling pathway by increased SOCS-1 protein resulted in the activation of NF-κB and thereby enhanced the IFN-λ expression. Together, these data imply that suppression of IFN-λ signaling by virus-induced SOCS-1 causes an adaptive increase in IFN-λ expression by host to protect cells against the viral infection, as a consequence, leading to excessive production of IFN-λ with impaired antiviral response. Influenza virus infection triggers innate immune responses. However, aberrant host immune responses such as excessive production of cytokines contribute to the pathogenesis of influenza virus. Type III interferons (IFN-λ) constitute the major innate immune response to influenza virus infection, but the precise pathogenic processes of IFN-λ production and mechanistic underpinnings are not well understood. In this study, we report that influenza virus induces robust IFN-λ expression mainly through a RIG-I-dependent pathway, but signaling activated by IFN-λ was dramatically inhibited by virus-induced SOCS-1. Importantly, we found that disruption of the SOCS-1 expression or forced activation of STAT1 significantly reduced the expression of IFN-λ in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that suppression of IFN-λ signaling by SOCS-1 results in their excessive production during influenza virus infection. Furthermore, our experiments revealed that disruption of IFN-λ signaling pathway resulted in the activation of NF-κB that governs the IFN-λ expression. Together these findings, we propose that impaired antiviral response of IFN-λ due to the inhibitory effect of SOCS-1 causes an adaptive increase in IFN-λ expression by host to protect cells against the viral infection. This is a novel mechanism that may be critical in the pathogenesis of the influenza virus strains that induce hypercytokinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Song Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qinghuang Chen
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuhai Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojuan Chi
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lianfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Ministry of Health, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Comparative Medical Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shile Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - George F. Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ji-Long Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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56
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Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 decreases and TLR9 increases the airway responses in mice with established allergic inflammation. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 718:544-51. [PMID: 24041926 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2013] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 and TLR9 recognise microbial products of viral descent. Since viruses are a common trigger of asthma exacerbations these TLRs have emerged as interesting therapeutic targets. Even though their effects on allergic inflammation have been evaluated in several models their effects on established allergic airway inflammation remains to be described. Therefore, mice with an on-going ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic airway inflammation were given R848 or CpG (TLR7 and TLR9 agonists, respectively) intranasally during four consecutive days. At day five, the R848 treatment had reduced OVA-induced airway hyperresponsiveness (measured as the increased resistance to methacholine), counteracted the accompanying influx of eosinophils and macrophages, and decreased the OVA-enhanced release of interleukin (IL)-5 and leukotriene (LT) B4 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. CpG, which by itself caused airway hyperresponsiveness, did not influence the OVA-induced airway hyperresponsiveness, and release of IL-5 and LTB4, but decreased the OVA-induced influx of cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and increased the amount of pro-inflammatory mediators like IL-12, CXCL1 and CXCL9. To conclude, TLR7 dampens the allergic airway reactivity and local inflammation, whereas TLR9 that causes airway hyperresponsiveness and increased cellular response per se, do generally not interfere with the effects induced by allergic inflammation.
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57
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Garcia CC, Weston-Davies W, Russo RC, Tavares LP, Rachid MA, Alves-Filho JC, Machado AV, Ryffel B, Nunn MA, Teixeira MM. Complement C5 activation during influenza A infection in mice contributes to neutrophil recruitment and lung injury. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64443. [PMID: 23696894 PMCID: PMC3655967 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza virus A (IAV) causes annual epidemics and intermittent pandemics that affect millions of people worldwide. Potent inflammatory responses are commonly associated with severe cases of IAV infection. The complement system, an important mechanism of innate and humoral immune responses to infections, is activated during primary IAV infection and mediates, in association with natural IgM, viral neutralization by virion aggregation and coating of viral hemmagglutinin. Increased levels of the anaphylatoxin C5a were found in patients fatally infected with the most recent H1N1 pandemic virus. In this study, our aim was to evaluate whether targeting C5 activation alters inflammatory lung injury and viral load in a murine model of IAV infection. To address this question C57Bl/6j mice were infected intranasally with 10(4) PFU of the mouse adapted Influenza A virus A/WSN/33 (H1N1) or inoculated with PBS (Mock). We demonstrated that C5a is increased in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) upon experimental IAV infection. To evaluate the role of C5, we used OmCI, a potent arthropod-derived inhibitor of C5 activation that binds to C5 and prevents release of C5a by complement. OmCI was given daily by intraperitoneal injection from the day of IAV infection until day 5. Treatment with OmCI only partially reduced C5a levels in BALF. However, there was significant inhibition of neutrophil and macrophage infiltration in the airways, Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) formation, death of leukocytes, lung epithelial injury and overall lung damage induced by the infection. There was no effect on viral load. Taken together, these data suggest that targeting C5 activation with OmCI during IAV infection could be a promising approach to reduce excessive inflammatory reactions associated with the severe forms of IAV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana C. Garcia
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Remo C. Russo
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luciana P. Tavares
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Milene A. Rachid
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José C. Alves-Filho
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre V. Machado
- Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bernhard Ryffel
- CNRS UMR7355, CNRS and University Orleans, France and IIDMM, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Miles A. Nunn
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, United Kingdom
| | - Mauro M. Teixeira
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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58
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Iovino F, Brouwer MC, van de Beek D, Molema G, Bijlsma JJE. Signalling or binding: the role of the platelet-activating factor receptor in invasive pneumococcal disease. Cell Microbiol 2013; 15:870-81. [PMID: 23444839 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Revised: 02/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus) is an opportunistic human pathogen, which causes serious invasive disease such as pneumonia, bacteraemia and meningitis. The interaction of the bacteria with host receptors precedes the development of invasive disease. One host receptor implicated in pneumococcal adhesion to, invasion of and ultimately translocation of cell layers is the platelet-activating factor receptor (PAFR). PAFR is a G-protein coupled receptor which binds PAF, a potent phospholipid activator involved in many leucocyte functions, platelet aggregation and inflammation. PAFR has been proposed to bind S. pneumoniae and as such facilitate adhesion to, uptake by and transcytosis of endothelial cells leading to invasive disease. However, there is a shortage of biochemical data supporting direct interaction between PAFR and the bacteria, in addition to conflicting data on its role in development of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). In this review, we will discuss current literature on PAFR and S. pneumoniae and other pathogens,including data concerning human PAFR genetic variation related to IPD clinical aspects, to shed light on the importance of PAFR in IPD. Clarification of the role of this receptor in IPD development has the potential to enable the development of novel therapeutic strategies for treating pneumococcal disease by interfering with the PAFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Iovino
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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59
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Ran Z, Chen Y, Shen H, Xiang X, Liu Q, Bawa B, Qi W, Zhu L, Young A, Richt J, Ma W, Li F. In vitro and in vivo replication of influenza A H1N1 WSN33 viruses with different M1 proteins. J Gen Virol 2012; 94:884-895. [PMID: 23255622 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.046219-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The M1 protein is a major structural protein that has multiple functions in various steps within the life cycle of the influenza A virus (IAV). However, little is currently known about the role of M1 in IAV replication in vivo and the associated pathogenesis. In this study, six isogenic H1N1 WSN33 viruses, constructed to express unique M1 proteins derived from various strains, subtypes or WSN33 itself, were tested to determine in vitro and in vivo functional exchangeability of M1 proteins in the replication and pathogenesis of the WSN33 virus. Despite five chimeric M1 viruses replicating to levels similar to those of the parental WSN33 virus in cell cultures, all M1 chimeras exhibited improved replication and enhanced virulence in mice when compared with the WSN33 virus. Interestingly, M1 proteins derived from swine viruses caused more severe clinical diseases than those from human or quail. These data indicate that the M1 protein is an important determinant of viral replication and pathogenic properties in mice, although the functions of M1 observed in vivo are not adequately reflected in simple infections of cultured cells. Chimeric M1 viruses that are variable in their clinical manifestations described here will aid future understanding of the role of M1 in IAV pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguang Ran
- Veterinary Diagnostic Division, Chongqing Municipal Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 401120, PR China.,Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA.,Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Huigang Shen
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Xiaoxiao Xiang
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA.,Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Qinfang Liu
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Bhupinder Bawa
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Wenbao Qi
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Laihua Zhu
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA.,Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Alan Young
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Juergen Richt
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Wenjun Ma
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Feng Li
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, PR China.,Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA.,Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
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Lacerda-Queiroz N, Rachid MA, Teixeira MM, Teixeira AL. The role of platelet-activating factor receptor (PAFR) in lung pathology during experimental malaria. Int J Parasitol 2012; 43:11-5. [PMID: 23260771 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2012.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Revised: 10/28/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Malaria-associated lung pathology has been a neglected area in the study of malaria complications. Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is an inflammatory mediator involved in lung inflammation. Using mice lacking the PAF receptor (PAFR(-/-)) we investigated the relevance of signaling through the PAFR for the lung inflammatory process triggered by Plasmodium berghei ANKA (PbA) strain infection. In PAFR(-/-) mice, pulmonary inflammation was markedly reduced as demonstrated by histology, production of certain pro-inflammatory mediators, accumulation of macrophage and CD8+ T cells in the lung parenchyma and the virtual absence of changes in vascular permeability. Therefore, PAFR activation is crucial in the pathogenesis of pulmonary damage associated with PbA infection in C57Bl/6 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norinne Lacerda-Queiroz
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia/Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Khoufache K, Berri F, Nacken W, Vogel AB, Delenne M, Camerer E, Coughlin SR, Carmeliet P, Lina B, Rimmelzwaan GF, Planz O, Ludwig S, Riteau B. PAR1 contributes to influenza A virus pathogenicity in mice. J Clin Invest 2012. [PMID: 23202729 DOI: 10.1172/jci61667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza causes substantial morbidity and mortality, and highly pathogenic and drug-resistant strains are likely to emerge in the future. Protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) is a thrombin-activated receptor that contributes to inflammatory responses at mucosal surfaces. The role of PAR1 in pathogenesis of virus infections is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that PAR1 contributed to the deleterious inflammatory response after influenza virus infection in mice. Activating PAR1 by administering the agonist TFLLR-NH2 decreased survival and increased lung inflammation after influenza infection. Importantly, both administration of a PAR1 antagonist and PAR1 deficiency protected mice from infection with influenza A viruses (IAVs). Treatment with the PAR1 agonist did not alter survival of mice deficient in plasminogen (PLG), which suggests that PLG permits and/or interacts with a PAR1 function in this model. PAR1 antagonists are in human trials for other indications. Our findings suggest that PAR1 antagonism might be explored as a treatment for influenza, including that caused by highly pathogenic H5N1 and oseltamivir-resistant H1N1 viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Khoufache
- Virologie et Pathologie Humaine, EA 4610, Université Lyon1, Faculté de Médecine RTH Laennec, Lyon, France
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Haynes L, Szaba FM, Eaton SM, Kummer LW, Lanthier PA, Petell AH, Duso DK, Luo D, Lin JS, Lefebvre JS, Randall TD, Johnson LL, Kohlmeier JE, Woodland DL, Smiley ST. Immunity to the conserved influenza nucleoprotein reduces susceptibility to secondary bacterial infections. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 189:4921-9. [PMID: 23028058 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1201916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Influenza causes >250,000 deaths annually in the industrialized world, and bacterial infections frequently cause secondary illnesses during influenza outbreaks, including pneumonia, bronchitis, sinusitis, and otitis media. In this study, we demonstrate that cross-reactive immunity to mismatched influenza strains can reduce susceptibility to secondary bacterial infections, even though this fails to prevent influenza infection. Specifically, infecting mice with H3N2 influenza before challenging with mismatched H1N1 influenza reduces susceptibility to either Gram-positive Streptococcus pneumoniae or Gram-negative Klebsiella pneumoniae. Vaccinating mice with the highly conserved nucleoprotein of influenza also reduces H1N1-induced susceptibility to lethal bacterial infections. Both T cells and Abs contribute to defense against influenza-induced bacterial diseases; influenza cross-reactive T cells reduce viral titers, whereas Abs to nucleoprotein suppress induction of inflammation in the lung. These findings suggest that nonneutralizing influenza vaccines that fail to prevent influenza infection may nevertheless protect the public from secondary bacterial diseases when neutralizing vaccines are not available.
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63
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Damjanovic D, Small CL, Jeyananthan M, McCormick S, Xing Z. Immunopathology in influenza virus infection: Uncoupling the friend from foe. Clin Immunol 2012; 144:57-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2012.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Revised: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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64
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CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein δ facilitates bacterial dissemination during pneumococcal pneumonia in a platelet-activating factor receptor-dependent manner. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:9113-8. [PMID: 22615380 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1202641109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein δ (C/EBPδ) recently emerged as an essential player in the inflammatory response to bacterial infections. C/EBPδ levels increase rapidly after a proinflammatory stimulus, and increasing C/EBPδ levels seem to be indispensable for amplification of the inflammatory response. Here we aimed to elucidate the role of C/EBPδ in host defense in community-acquired pneumococcal pneumonia. We show that C/EBPδ(-/-) mice are relatively resistant to pneumococcal pneumonia, as indicated by delayed and reduced mortality, diminished outgrowth of pneumococci in lungs, and reduced dissemination of the infection. Moreover, expression of platelet-activating factor receptor (PAFR), which is known to potentiate bacterial translocation of gram-positive bacteria, was significantly reduced during infection in C/EBPδ(-/-) mice compared with WT controls. Importantly, cell stimulation experiments revealed that C/EBPδ potentiates PAFR expression induced by lipoteichoic acid and pneumococci. Thus, C/EBPδ exaggerates bacterial dissemination during Streptococcus pneumoniae-induced pulmonary infection, suggesting an important role for PAFR-dependent bacterial translocation.
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Kuiken T, Riteau B, Fouchier RAM, Rimmelzwaan GF. Pathogenesis of influenza virus infections: the good, the bad and the ugly. Curr Opin Virol 2012; 2:276-86. [PMID: 22709515 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2012.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The clinical outcome of different influenza virus infections ranges from subclinical upper respiratory tract disease to fatal lower respiratory tract disease. An important determinant in the pathogenesis of these diseases is the tissue tropism of the influenza virus. Furthermore, virulence is often correlated with virus replication and is regulated by multiple virus genes. Host defense against virus infection consists of both innate and adaptive immune responses. However, excessive or dysbalanced immune response may result in lung tissue damage, reduced respiratory capacity, and severe disease or even death. By interdisciplinary efforts to better understand the intricate interaction between virus, tissue, and immune response, we may be able to find new ways to improve the outcome of influenza virus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kuiken
- Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Virology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Rondina MT, Brewster B, Grissom CK, Zimmerman GA, Kastendieck DH, Harris ES, Weyrich AS. In vivo platelet activation in critically ill patients with primary 2009 influenza A(H1N1). Chest 2012; 141:1490-1495. [PMID: 22383669 DOI: 10.1378/chest.11-2860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Changes in platelet reactivity during 2009 influenza A(H1N1) (A[H1N1]) have not been characterized. METHODS We prospectively examined platelet activation and cytokine responses in patients with A(H1N1) (n = 20), matched patients with bacterial pneumonia (n = 15), and nonhospitalized, healthy control subjects (n = 10). RESULTS Platelet-monocyte aggregation was higher in patients with A(H1N1) (21.4% ± 4.7%) compared with patients with pneumonia (10.9% ± 3.7%) and control subjects (8.1% ± 4.5%, P < .05). Similarly, PAC-1 (antibody that binds to the active conformation of integrin α(IIb)β(3)) binding to platelets is increased in patients with A(H1N1) (9.5% ± 4.7%) compared with patients with pneumonia (1.0% ± 0.7%) and healthy subjects (0.61% ± 0.15%, P < .10). PAC-1 binding was twofold higher in patients with A(H1N1) with shock vs those without shock. IL-6 levels were elevated in patients with A(H1N1), indicating systemic inflammation consistent with activation of circulating platelets. CONCLUSIONS These findings, derived from a small but documented cohort of patients, demonstrate that platelet activation responses during A(H1N1) are enhanced-exceeding responses in patients with bacterial pneumonia-and provide new evidence that platelets may contribute to inflammatory responses during A(H1N1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Rondina
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City; Department of Internal Medicine, and the Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City.
| | - BreAnna Brewster
- Department of Internal Medicine, and the Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City
| | - Colin K Grissom
- The Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City; The Intermountain Medical Center, Division of Critical Care, Murray, UT
| | - Guy A Zimmerman
- The Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City
| | - Diana H Kastendieck
- Department of Internal Medicine, and the Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City
| | - Estelle S Harris
- The Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City
| | - Andrew S Weyrich
- The Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City; Department of Internal Medicine, and the Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City
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Suresh MV, Yu B, Machado-Aranda D, Bender MD, Ochoa-Frongia L, Helinski JD, Davidson BA, Knight PR, Hogaboam CM, Moore BB, Raghavendran K. Role of macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 in acute inflammation after lung contusion. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2012; 46:797-806. [PMID: 22281985 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2011-0358oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung contusion (LC), commonly observed in patients with thoracic trauma is a leading risk factor for development of acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome. Previously, we have shown that CC chemokine ligand (CCL)-2, a monotactic chemokine abundant in the lungs, is significantly elevated in LC. This study investigated the nature of protection afforded by CCL-2 in acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome during LC, using rats and CC chemokine receptor (CCR) 2 knockout (CCR2(-/-)) mice. Rats injected with a polyclonal antibody to CCL-2 showed higher levels of albumin and IL-6 in the bronchoalveolar lavage and myeloperoxidase in the lung tissue after LC. Closed-chest bilateral LC demonstrated CCL-2 localization in alveolar macrophages (AMs) and epithelial cells. Subsequent experiments performed using a murine model of LC showed that the extent of injury, assessed by pulmonary compliance and albumin levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage, was higher in the CCR2(-/-) mice when compared with the wild-type (WT) mice. We also found increased release of IL-1β, IL-6, macrophage inflammatory protein-1, and keratinocyte chemoattractant, lower recruitment of AMs, and higher neutrophil infiltration and phagocytic activity in CCR2(-/-) mice at 24 hours. However, impaired phagocytic activity was observed at 48 hours compared with the WT. Production of CCL-2 and macrophage chemoattractant protein-5 was increased in the absence of CCR2, thus suggesting a negative feedback mechanism of regulation. Isolated AMs in the CCR2(-/-) mice showed a predominant M1 phenotype compared with the predominant M2 phenotype in WT mice. Taken together, the above results show that CCL-2 is functionally important in the down-modulation of injury and inflammation in LC.
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Fagundes CT, Costa VV, Cisalpino D, Souza DG, Teixeira MM. Therapeutic opportunities in dengue infection. Drug Dev Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.20455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Menezes GB, Mansur DS, McDonald B, Kubes P, Teixeira MM. Sensing sterile injury: opportunities for pharmacological control. Pharmacol Ther 2011; 132:204-14. [PMID: 21763344 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Sterile injury can trigger an acute inflammatory response, which might be responsible for the pathogenesis of several diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, lung fibrosis and acute liver failure. A key event for the pathogenesis of these diseases is the recruitment of leukocytes to necrotic areas. Much is known about the mechanisms of recruitment to sites of infection. However, only now is it becoming clear how leukocytes, especially neutrophils, are recruited to areas of tissue damage and necrosis in the absence of infection. Here, we review and discuss mechanisms responsible for sensing and driving the influx of leukocytes, specifically neutrophils, into sites of sterile injury. This knowledge clearly opens new opportunities for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo B Menezes
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, UFMG, Brazil.
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