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Fu N, Su D, Cort JR, Chen B, Xiong Y, Qian WJ, Konopka AE, Bigelow DJ, Squier TC. Synthesis and Application of an Environmentally Insensitive Cy3-Based Arsenical Fluorescent Probe To Identify Adaptive Microbial Responses Involving Proximal Dithiol Oxidation. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:3567-75. [DOI: 10.1021/ja3117284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Na Fu
- Biological Sciences Division, Fundamental
Sciences
Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Dian Su
- Biological Sciences Division, Fundamental
Sciences
Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - John R. Cort
- Biological Sciences Division, Fundamental
Sciences
Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Baowei Chen
- Biological Sciences Division, Fundamental
Sciences
Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Yijia Xiong
- Biological Sciences Division, Fundamental
Sciences
Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Wei-Jun Qian
- Biological Sciences Division, Fundamental
Sciences
Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Allan E. Konopka
- Biological Sciences Division, Fundamental
Sciences
Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Diana J. Bigelow
- Biological Sciences Division, Fundamental
Sciences
Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Thomas C. Squier
- Biological Sciences Division, Fundamental
Sciences
Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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Taverna M, Marie AL, Mira JP, Guidet B. Specific antioxidant properties of human serum albumin. Ann Intensive Care 2013; 3:4. [PMID: 23414610 PMCID: PMC3577569 DOI: 10.1186/2110-5820-3-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Human serum albumin (HSA) has been used for a long time as a resuscitation fluid in critically ill patients. It is known to exert several important physiological and pharmacological functions. Among them, the antioxidant properties seem to be of paramount importance as they may be implied in the potential beneficial effects that have been observed in the critical care and hepatological settings. The specific antioxidant functions of the protein are closely related to its structure. Indeed, they are due to its multiple ligand-binding capacities and free radical-trapping properties. The HSA molecule can undergo various structural changes modifying its conformation and hence its binding properties and redox state. Such chemical modifications can occur during bioprocesses and storage conditions of the commercial HSA solutions, resulting in heterogeneous solutions for infusion. In this review, we explore the mechanisms that are responsible for the specific antioxidant properties of HSA in its native form, chemically modified forms, and commercial formulations. To conclude, we discuss the implication of this recent literature for future clinical trials using albumin as a drug and for elucidating the effects of HSA infusion in critically ill patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Taverna
- Université Paris Sud - Faculté de Pharmacie, 92290, Châtenay-Malabry, France.
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53
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The role of metal regulatory proteins in brain oxidative stress: a tutorial. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2012; 2012:981561. [PMID: 23304261 PMCID: PMC3529505 DOI: 10.1155/2012/981561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Revised: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The proteins that regulate the metabolism of a metal must also play a role in regulating the redox activity of the metal. Metals are intrinsic to a substantial number of biological processes and the proteins that regulate those activities are also considerable in number. The role these proteins play in a wide range of physiological processes involves them directly and indirectly in a variety of disease processes. Similarly, it may be therapeutically advantageous to pharmacologically alter the activity of these metal containing proteins to influence disease processes. This paper will introduce the reader to a number of important proteins in both metal metabolism and oxidative stress, with an emphasis on the brain. Potential pharmacological targets will be considered.
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Torres MJ, Turell L, Botti H, Antmann L, Carballal S, Ferrer-Sueta G, Radi R, Alvarez B. Modulation of the reactivity of the thiol of human serum albumin and its sulfenic derivative by fatty acids. Arch Biochem Biophys 2012; 521:102-10. [PMID: 22450170 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2012.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Revised: 03/07/2012] [Accepted: 03/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The single cysteine residue of human serum albumin (HSA-SH) is the most abundant plasma thiol. HSA transports fatty acids (FA), a cargo that increases under conditions of diabetes, exercise or adrenergic stimulation. The stearic acid-HSA (5/1) complex reacted sixfold faster than FA-free HSA at pH 7.4 with the disulfide 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) and twofold faster with hydrogen peroxide and peroxynitrite. The apparent pK(a) of HSA-SH decreased from 7.9±0.1 to 7.4±0.1. Exposure to H(2)O(2) (2mM, 5min, 37°C) yielded 0.29±0.04mol of sulfenic acid (HSA-SOH) per mole of FA-bound HSA. The reactivity of HSA-SOH with low molecular weight thiols increased ∼threefold in the presence of FA. The enhanced reactivity of the albumin thiol at neutral pH upon FA binding can be rationalized by considering that the corresponding conformational changes that increase thiol exposure both increase the availability of the thiolate due to a lower apparent pK(a) and also loosen steric constraints for reactions. Since situations that increase circulating FA are associated with oxidative stress, this increased reactivity of HSA-SH could assist in oxidant removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Torres
- Laboratorio de Enzimología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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55
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Wang M, Liu J, Ma C, Wang W, Liu X, Li Y, Sun J, Liu J, Qi Y, Lv Q, Zhao D. Synergistic association of serum albumin and globulin with coronary heart disease. J Atheroscler Thromb 2012; 19:619-32. [PMID: 22447188 DOI: 10.5551/jat.10322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Serum albumin and globulin have important roles in atherosclerosis development; however, separate studies exploring the relationship between albumin or globulin and coronary heart disease (CHD) have been conducted. We explored whether there was a synergistic effect of albumin and globulin on the presence of CHD. METHODS A total of 395 patients aged 50-74 years with angiographically documented CHD were recruited, and 596 age- and sex-matched controls without CHD were randomly selected from the general population. The association of albumin and globulin with CHD was analyzed using conditional logistic regression after adjusting for traditional CHD risk factors. RESULTS Mean values of serum albumin and globulin were significantly lower in cases than in controls (p<0.001). In the fully adjusted model, compared with participants whose albumin (≥47.3 g/L) and globulin (≥25.6 g/L) levels were both higher than the median levels in these participants, the odds ratio for CHD was 1.59 (p= 0.048) for participants with higher albumin (≥47.3 g/L) but lower globulin (<25.6 g/L), 2.79 (p<0.001) for participants with lower albumin (<47.3 g/L) but higher globulin (≥25.6 g/L), and 16.03 (p<0.001) for participants with lower levels of both albumin (<47.3 g/L) and globulin (<25.6 g/L). CONCLUSIONS Low serum albumin and globulin are independently associated with CHD. The synergistic association of both low albumin and low globulin with CHD is greater than either one alone. The synergistic effect deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
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56
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Colombo G, Rossi R, Gagliano N, Portinaro N, Clerici M, Annibal A, Giustarini D, Colombo R, Milzani A, Dalle-Donne I. Red blood cells protect albumin from cigarette smoke-induced oxidation. PLoS One 2012; 7:e29930. [PMID: 22238677 PMCID: PMC3251585 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Accepted: 12/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Different studies reported the presence of oxidized (carbonylated) albumin in the extravascular pool, but not in the intravascular one of cigarette smokers. In this study we attempted to explain this apparent discrepancy exposing human serum albumin (HSA) to aqueous cigarette smoke extract (CSE). CSE induces HSA carbonylation and oxidation of the HSA Cys34 sulfhydryl group. An antioxidant action of glutathione, cysteine, and its synthetic derivative N-acetylcysteine was observed only at supra-physiological concentrations, suggesting that physiological (plasma) concentrations of glutathione and cysteine in the low micromolar range are ineffective in preventing cigarette smoke-induced oxidation of HSA. Differently, human erythrocytes resulted to be protective towards CSE-induced oxidation (carbonylation and thiol oxidation) of both HSA and total human plasma proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziano Colombo
- Department of Biology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ranieri Rossi
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Gagliano
- Department of Human Morphology and Biomedical Sciences “Città Studi”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Portinaro
- Department of Translational Medicine, Clinica Ortopedica e Traumatologica, Istituto Clinico Humanitas and Università degli Studi di Milano, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Clerici
- Department of Biology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Annibal
- Department of Biology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Colombo
- Department of Biology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Aldo Milzani
- Department of Biology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Figueira TR, Castilho RF, Saito A, Oliveira HCF, Vercesi AE. The higher susceptibility of congenital analbuminemic rats to Ca2+-induced mitochondrial permeability transition is associated with the increased expression of cyclophilin D and nitrosothiol depletion. Mol Genet Metab 2011; 104:521-8. [PMID: 21963200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2011.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2011] [Revised: 08/30/2011] [Accepted: 08/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Congenital analbuminemia is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a trace level of albumin in blood plasma and mild clinical symptoms. Analbuminemic patients generally present associated abnormalities, among which dyslipidemia is a hallmark. In this study, we show that mitochondria isolated from different tissues (liver, heart and brain) from 3-month-old analbuminemic rats (NAR) present a higher susceptibility to Ca(2+)-induced mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT), as assessed by either Ca(2+)-induced mitochondrial swelling, dissipation of membrane potential or mitochondrial Ca(2+) release. The Ca(2+) retention capacity of the liver mitochondria isolated from 3-month-old NAR was about 50% that of the control. Interestingly, the assessment of this variable in 21-day-old NAR indicated that the mitochondrial Ca(2+) retention capacity was preserved at this age, as compared to age-matched controls, which indicates that a reduced capacity for mitochondrial Ca(2+) retention is not a constitutive feature. The search for putative mediators of MPT sensitization in NAR revealed a 20% decrease in mitochondrial nitrosothiol content and a 30% increase in cyclophilin D expression. However, the evaluation of other variables related to mitochondrial redox status showed similar results between the controls and NAR, i.e., namely the contents of reduced mitochondrial membrane protein thiol groups and total glutathione, H(2)O(2) release rate, and NAD(P)H reduced state. We conclude that the higher expression of cyclophilin D, a major component of the MPT pore, and decreased nitrosothiol content in NAR mitochondria may underlie MPT sensitization in these animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago R Figueira
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Roos G, Messens J. Protein sulfenic acid formation: from cellular damage to redox regulation. Free Radic Biol Med 2011; 51:314-26. [PMID: 21605662 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Revised: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 04/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Protein sulfenic acid formation has long been regarded as unwanted damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, over the past 10 years, accumulating evidence has shown that the reversible oxidation of cysteine thiol groups to sulfenic acid functions as a redox-based signal transduction mechanism. Here, we review the mechanisms of sulfenic acid formation by ROS. We present some of the most important roles played by sulfenic acids in living cells as well as the pathways that regulate sulfenic acid formation. We highlight the experimental tools that have been developed to study the cellular sulfenome and show how computational approaches might help to better understand the mechanisms of sulfenic acid formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goedele Roos
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Interactions, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, VIB, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Enache T, Oliveira-Brett A. Boron doped diamond and glassy carbon electrodes comparative study of the oxidation behaviour of cysteine and methionine. Bioelectrochemistry 2011; 81:46-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2011.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2010] [Revised: 01/18/2011] [Accepted: 02/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Figueira TR, Vercesi AE, Oliveira HCF. Lack of plasma albumin impairs intravascular lipolysis and explains the associated free fatty acids deficiency and hypertriglyceridemia. Lipids Health Dis 2010; 9:146. [PMID: 21187011 PMCID: PMC3022753 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-9-146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2010] [Accepted: 12/27/2010] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormalities in lipid metabolism and transport are hallmarks in analbuminemic Nagase rats (NAR) and humans. Triglyceridemia is nearly 3- to 5-fold higher in female NAR than in control Sprague-Dawley rats (SDR). Also, NAR present with a severe plasma free fatty acid (FFA) deficit. There are conflicting results regarding the mechanisms underlying NAR hypertriglyceridemia. OBJECTIVE We aimed at investigating whether liver lipogenesis and triglyceride secretion rates into the plasma contribute to the hypertriglyceridemia in NAR. We also studied whether heparin or albumin administration would release the hypothesized lipolysis inhibition in NAR. METHODS The incorporation of tritiated water into lipids and the linear accumulation rate of plasma triglycerides after Triton WR1339 injection were the measures of liver lipogenesis and triglyceride secretion rates. RESULTS Lipogenesis (596 ± 40 vs. 929 ± 124 μmol 3H2O/g/h) and triglyceride (4.25 ± 1.00 vs. 7.04 ± 1.68 mg/dL/min) secretion rates were slower (P ≤ 0.05) in fasted NAR than in control SDR. The injection of either heparin or albumin elicited an increase in NAR plasma FFA levels over time. FFA levels reached control levels 90 min after the albumin administration, increasing from 0.36 ± 0.05 to 1.34 ± 0.16 mEq/L (P ≤ 0.05). These results indicate that the lack of plasma albumin inhibits intravascular lipolysis and causes the FFA deficit observed in NAR. CONCLUSION NAR hepatic triglyceride synthesis and output do not contribute to NAR hypertriglyceridemia. We propose that the lack of albumin diminishes intravascular lipolysis which reduces the plasma triglyceride removal rate and explain both NAR hypertriglyceridemia and FFA deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago R Figueira
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, UNICAMP-Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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61
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Rehder DS, Borges CR. Possibilities and pitfalls in quantifying the extent of cysteine sulfenic acid modification of specific proteins within complex biofluids. BMC BIOCHEMISTRY 2010; 11:25. [PMID: 20594348 PMCID: PMC2916888 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2091-11-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2010] [Accepted: 07/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cysteine sulfenic acid (Cys-SOH) plays important roles in the redox regulation of numerous proteins. As a relatively unstable posttranslational protein modification it is difficult to quantify the degree to which any particular protein is modified by Cys-SOH within a complex biological environment. The goal of these studies was to move a step beyond detection and into the relative quantification of Cys-SOH within specific proteins found in a complex biological setting--namely, human plasma. RESULTS This report describes the possibilities and limitations of performing such analyses based on the use of thionitrobenzoic acid and dimedone-based probes which are commonly employed to trap Cys-SOH. Results obtained by electrospray ionization-based mass spectrometric immunoassay reveal the optimal type of probe for such analyses as well as the reproducible relative quantification of Cys-SOH within albumin and transthyretin extracted from human plasma--the latter as a protein previously unknown to be modified by Cys-SOH. CONCLUSIONS The relative quantification of Cys-SOH within specific proteins in a complex biological setting can be accomplished, but several analytical precautions related to trapping, detecting, and quantifying Cys-SOH must be taken into account prior to pursuing its study in such matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas S Rehder
- Molecular Biomarkers, The Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
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Funk WE, Li H, Iavarone AT, Williams ER, Riby J, Rappaport SM. Enrichment of cysteinyl adducts of human serum albumin. Anal Biochem 2010; 400:61-8. [PMID: 20074543 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2010.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2009] [Revised: 11/23/2009] [Accepted: 01/07/2010] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We report a method to enrich cysteinyl adducts of human serum albumin (HSA), representing biomarkers of exposure to systemic electrophiles. Because the major site of HSA adduction is the single free sulfhydryl group at Cys34, we used thiol-affinity resins to remove mercaptalbumin (i.e., unadducted HSA) from the cysteinyl adducts. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry was used to detect mercaptalbumin and HSA-Cys34 modifications before and after enrichment of HSA. Differences in adduct content were detected across samples of freshly isolated, archived, and commercial HSA. Cysteinylated and glycosylated adducts were present in all samples, with abundances decreasing in the following order: commercial HSA>archived HSA>fresh HSA. After enrichment of HSA, mercaptalbumin was no longer observed in mass spectra. The ratios of HSA adducts post-/preenrichment, quantified via the Bradford assay and gel electrophoresis, were 0.029 mg adducts/mg HSA in fresh HSA and 0.323 mg adducts/mg HSA in archived HSA. The apparent elevation of adduct levels in archived samples could be due to differences in specimen preparation and storage rather than to differences in circulating HSA adducts. We conclude that thiol-affinity resins can efficiently remove mercaptalbumin from HSA samples prior to characterization and quantitation of protein adducts of reactive systemic electrophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- William E Funk
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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