Ultrastructure of durapatite-periodontal tissue interface in human intrabony defects

Calcium phosphate materials in restorative dentistry: a review

This report deals with some of the calcium phosphate materials which are currently used in preventive and restorative dentistry and other calcium phosphate materials which have potential for dental and medical applications. Such materials include those which form calcium phosphate in situ (e.g., Bioglass ceramics and calcium phosphate cements) and those originating from natural materials (such as corals and bones).

The reports on the development and current status of the calcium phosphate ceramics and glass ceramics presented here were based on recent reviews and recent evaluations of clinical studies for the period 1975 to 1986 (Table 3) with humans and with animals when reports on human studies were not yet available. Methods of preparation and relevant physico-chemical properties of some of the calcium phosphate materials were based on data reported in the literature and on other studies by the author. New calcium phosphate materials, e.g., calcium phosphate cements, calcium phosphate-coated implants, calcium phosphate/polymer composites, have also been briefly covered in this report.

Based on the information summarized in Tables 1 to 6 and on solicited comments from clinicians and researchers involved with calcium phosphate materials, several areas of basic and clinical research are recommended (Table 7).

Histologic study of healing of human periodontal defects after placement of porous hydroxylapatite implants

Two intrabony pockets on teeth that were to be extracted for prosthetic reasons, in two patients, were treated by means of papilla preservation flaps and implantation with porous hydroxylapatite. The teeth, with a portion of their periodontium, were extracted 5 and 6 months after treatment and processed histologically. Both cases showed the implants invaded by connective tissue, which was actively forming bone. There was no inflammatory reaction triggered by the implant material, although there was some recurrence of inflammation in the vicinity of the pocket wall. The junctional epithelium in both cases extended slightly beyond the coronal level of the implant. One of the cases had an abundant new cementum formation with fibrous tissue next to the implant, that appeared to be a rebuilt attachment of collagen fibers. Although some multinucleated giant cells were found in the pores and next to the newly formed bone, the implanted material did not appear to be resorbed in the period of time studied.