Gharaibeh MH, Khalifeh MS, Zattout EM, Abu-Qatouseh LF. Potential antimicrobial effect of plant essential oils and virulence genes expression in methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus isolates.
Vet World 2019;
13:669-675. [PMID:
32546910 PMCID:
PMC7245711 DOI:
10.14202/vetworld.2020.669-675]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM
This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial efficacy of eight commercially available essential oil (EO) blends and characterize the effect on the expression of some virulence genes against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial effects of oils against MRSA was performed using the disk diffusion method and by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The EOs (A-F) were contained (β-pinene, carvacrol, carvone, dimethyl trisulfide, linalool, limonene, menthol, monoterpene hydrocarbons, and thymol) in different amounts. In addition, a real-time polymerase chain reaction was also used to determine the gene expression of the virulence genes (intercellular adhesion cluster [ica]-9, ica-15, and RNA III) against MRSA (ATCC 43300) after treatment with selected oils.
RESULTS
Among the eight EOs evaluated, EO (D), (E), and (A) showed, in general, the greatest antimicrobial activity against MRSA. EO at 1/3 MIC has effectively down-regulated ica-9 and ica-15 of MRSA by 17.83 and 4.94 folds, respectively. Meanwhile, EO (A) has effectively down-regulated RNAIII by 3.74 folds. Our results indicated that some of the EOs exhibit promising antimicrobial effects against MRSA isolates. Moreover, the results of the analyzed virulence genes related to the pathogenicity of MRSA were down-regulated at the sub-MIC concentrations of EOs, indicated that EOs could be successfully used to suppress the virulence factors and, consequently, decreased the pathogenicity of MRSA.
CONCLUSION
These encouraging results indicate that some of the EOs used in this study can be utilized as a natural antibiotic for the treatment of MRSA disease.
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