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Rodriguez-Vieitez E, Carter SF, Chiotis K, Saint-Aubert L, Leuzy A, Schöll M, Almkvist O, Wall A, Långström B, Nordberg A. Comparison of Early-Phase 11C-Deuterium-l-Deprenyl and 11C-Pittsburgh Compound B PET for Assessing Brain Perfusion in Alzheimer Disease. J Nucl Med 2016; 57:1071-7. [PMID: 26912447 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.115.168732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The PET tracer (11)C-deuterium-L-deprenyl ((11)C-DED) has been used to visualize activated astrocytes in vivo in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). In this multitracer PET study, early-phase (11)C-DED and (11)C-Pittsburgh compound B ((11)C-PiB) (eDED and ePiB, respectively) were compared as surrogate markers of brain perfusion, and the extent to which (11)C-DED binding is influenced by brain perfusion was investigated. METHODS (11)C-DED, (11)C-PiB, and (18)F-FDG dynamic PET scans were obtained in age-matched groups comprising AD patients (n = 8), patients with mild cognitive impairment (n = 17), and healthy controls (n = 16). A modified reference Patlak model was used to quantify (11)C-DED binding. A simplified reference tissue model was applied to both (11)C-DED and (11)C-PiB to measure brain perfusion relative to the cerebellar gray matter (R1) and binding potentials. (11)C-PiB retention and (18)F-FDG uptake were also quantified as target-to-pons SUV ratios in 12 regions of interest (ROIs). RESULTS The strongest within-subject correlations with the corresponding R1 values (R1,DED and R1,PiB, respectively) and with (18)F-FDG uptake were obtained when the eDED and ePiB PET data were measured 1-4 min after injection. The optimum eDED/ePiB intervals also showed strong, significant ROI-based intersubject Pearson correlations with R1,DED/R1,PiB and with (18)F-FDG uptake, whereas (11)C-DED binding was largely independent of brain perfusion, as measured by eDED. Corresponding voxelwise correlations confirmed the ROI-based results. Temporoparietal eDED or ePiB brain perfusion measurements were highly discriminative between patient and control groups, with discriminative ability statistically comparable to that of temporoparietal (18)F-FDG glucose metabolism. Hypometabolism extended over wider regions than hypoperfusion in patient groups compared with controls. CONCLUSION The 1- to 4-min early-frame intervals of (11)C-DED or (11)C-PiB are suitable surrogate measures for brain perfusion. (11)C-DED binding is independent of brain perfusion, and thus (11)C-DED PET can provide information on both functional (brain perfusion) and pathologic (astrocytosis) aspects from a single PET scan. In comparison with glucose metabolism, early-phase (11)C-DED and (11)C-PiB perfusion appear to provide complementary rather than redundant information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Rodriguez-Vieitez
- Division of Translational Alzheimer Neurobiology, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stephen F Carter
- Division of Translational Alzheimer Neurobiology, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Konstantinos Chiotis
- Division of Translational Alzheimer Neurobiology, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laure Saint-Aubert
- Division of Translational Alzheimer Neurobiology, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antoine Leuzy
- Division of Translational Alzheimer Neurobiology, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Schöll
- Division of Translational Alzheimer Neurobiology, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ove Almkvist
- Division of Translational Alzheimer Neurobiology, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden Department of Geriatric Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Wall
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Nuclear Medicine & PET, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; and
| | | | - Agneta Nordberg
- Division of Translational Alzheimer Neurobiology, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Department of Geriatric Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
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Farid K, Hong YT, Aigbirhio FI, Fryer TD, Menon DK, Warburton EA, Baron JC. Early-Phase 11C-PiB PET in Amyloid Angiopathy-Related Symptomatic Cerebral Hemorrhage: Potential Diagnostic Value? PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139926. [PMID: 26439113 PMCID: PMC4595277 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although late-phase (>35min post-administration) 11C-PiB-PET has good sensitivity in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), its specificity is poor due to frequently high uptake in healthy aged subjects. By detecting perfusion-like abnormalities, early-phase 11C-PiB-PET might add diagnostic value. Early-frame (1-6min) 11C-PiB-PET was obtained in 11 non-demented patients with probable CAA-related symptomatic lobar intracerebral haemorrhage (70±7yrs), 9 age-matched healthy controls (HCs) and 10 HCs <55yrs. There was a significant decrease in early-phase atrophy-corrected whole-cortex SUV relative to cerebellar vermis (SUVR) in the CAA vs age-matched HC group. None of the age-matched controls fell below the lower 95% confidence limit derived from the young HCs, while 6/11 CAA patients did (sensitivity = 55%, specificity = 100%). Combining both early- and late-phase 11C-PiB data did not change the sensitivity and specificity of late-phase PiB, but combined early- and late-phase positivity entails a very high suspicion of underlying Aβ-related clinical disorder, i.e., CAA or Alzheimer disease (AD). In order to clarify this ambiguity, we then show that the occipital/posterior cingulate ratio is markedly lower in CAA than in AD (N = 7). These pilot data suggest that early-phase 11C-PiB-PET may not only add to late-phase PiB-PET with respect to the unclear situation of late-phase positivity, but also help differentiate CAA from AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Farid
- APHP, Hotel-Dieu Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Paris, France
- Dept of Nuclear Medicine, Martinique University Hospital, Fort-de-France, French West Indies
| | - Young T. Hong
- Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, Dept of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Franklin I. Aigbirhio
- Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, Dept of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tim D. Fryer
- Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, Dept of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - David K. Menon
- Division of Anesthesia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth A. Warburton
- Stroke Research Group, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Stroke Unit, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Claude Baron
- Stroke Research Group, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- INSERM U894, Centre Hospitalier Sainte Anne, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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Liu L, Fu L, Zhang X, Zhang J, Zhang X, Xu B, Tian J, Fan Y. Combination of dynamic (11)C-PIB PET and structural MRI improves diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Psychiatry Res 2015; 233:131-40. [PMID: 26095348 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2015.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) is an established technique for measuring brain atrophy, and dynamic positron emission tomography with (11)C-Pittsburgh compound B ((11)C-PIB PET) has the potential to provide both perfusion and amyloid deposition information. It remains unclear, however, how to better combine perfusion, amyloid deposition and morphological information extracted from dynamic (11)C-PIB PET and sMRI with the goal of improving the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We adopted a linear sparse support vector machine to build classifiers for distinguishing AD and MCI subjects from cognitively normal (CN) subjects based on different combinations of regional measures extracted from imaging data, including perfusion and amyloid deposition information extracted from early and late frames of (11)C-PIB separately, and gray matter volumetric information extracted from sMRI data. The experimental results demonstrated that the classifier built upon the combination of imaging measures extracted from early and late frames of (11)C-PIB as well as sMRI achieved the highest classification accuracy in both classification studies of AD (100%) and MCI (85%), indicating that multimodality information could aid in the diagnosis of AD and MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linwen Liu
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Liping Fu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jinming Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Baixuan Xu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jiahe Tian
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yong Fan
- Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
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Kim JS, Cho H, Choi JY, Lee SH, Ryu YH, Lyoo CH, Lee MS. Feasibility of Computed Tomography-Guided Methods for Spatial Normalization of Dopamine Transporter Positron Emission Tomography Image. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132585. [PMID: 26147749 PMCID: PMC4492980 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Spatial normalization is a prerequisite step for analyzing positron emission tomography (PET) images both by using volume-of-interest (VOI) template and voxel-based analysis. Magnetic resonance (MR) or ligand-specific PET templates are currently used for spatial normalization of PET images. We used computed tomography (CT) images acquired with PET/CT scanner for the spatial normalization for [18F]-N-3-fluoropropyl-2-betacarboxymethoxy-3-beta-(4-iodophenyl) nortropane (FP-CIT) PET images and compared target-to-cerebellar standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) values with those obtained from MR- or PET-guided spatial normalization method in healthy controls and patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Methods We included 71 healthy controls and 56 patients with PD who underwent [18F]-FP-CIT PET scans with a PET/CT scanner and T1-weighted MR scans. Spatial normalization of MR images was done with a conventional spatial normalization tool (cvMR) and with DARTEL toolbox (dtMR) in statistical parametric mapping software. The CT images were modified in two ways, skull-stripping (ssCT) and intensity transformation (itCT). We normalized PET images with cvMR-, dtMR-, ssCT-, itCT-, and PET-guided methods by using specific templates for each modality and measured striatal SUVR with a VOI template. The SUVR values measured with FreeSurfer-generated VOIs (FSVOI) overlaid on original PET images were also used as a gold standard for comparison. Results The SUVR values derived from all four structure-guided spatial normalization methods were highly correlated with those measured with FSVOI (P < 0.0001). Putaminal SUVR values were highly effective for discriminating PD patients from controls. However, the PET-guided method excessively overestimated striatal SUVR values in the PD patients by more than 30% in caudate and putamen, and thereby spoiled the linearity between the striatal SUVR values in all subjects and showed lower disease discrimination ability. Two CT-guided methods showed comparable capability with the MR-guided methods in separating PD patients from controls and showed better correlation between putaminal SUVR values and the parkinsonian motor severity than the PET-guided method. Conclusion CT-guided spatial normalization methods provided reliable striatal SUVR values comparable to those obtained with MR-guided methods. CT-guided methods can be useful for analyzing dopamine transporter PET images when MR images are unavailable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Su Kim
- Molecular Imaging Research Center, Korea Institute Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hanna Cho
- Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Yong Choi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Ha Lee
- Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young Hoon Ryu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chul Hyoung Lyoo
- Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- * E-mail:
| | - Myung Sik Lee
- Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Regional cerebral blood flow estimated by early PiB uptake is reduced in mild cognitive impairment and associated with age in an amyloid-dependent manner. Neurobiol Aging 2015; 36:1619-1628. [PMID: 25702957 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2013] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Early uptake of [(11)C]-Pittsburgh Compound B (ePiB, 0-6 minutes) estimates cerebral blood flow. We studied ePiB in 13 PiB-negative and 10 PiB-positive subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 23) and 11 PiB-positive and 74 PiB-negative cognitively healthy elderly control subjects (HCS, n = 85) in 6 bilateral volumes of interest: posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), hippocampus (hipp), temporoparietal region, superior parietal gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus (parahipp), and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) for the associations with cognitive status, age, amyloid deposition, and apolipoprotein E ε4-allele. We observed no difference in ePiB between PiB-positive and -negative subjects and carriers and noncarriers. EPiB decreased with age in PiB-positive subjects in bilateral superior parietal gyrus, bilateral temporoparietal region, right IFG, right PCC, and left parahippocampal gyrus but not in PiB-negative subjects. MCI had lower ePiB than HCS (left PCC, left IFG, and left and right hipp). Lowest ePiB values were found in MCI of 70 years and older, who also displayed high cortical PiB binding. This suggests that lowered regional cerebral blood flow indicated by ePiB is associated with age in the presence but not in the absence of amyloid pathology.
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Fu L, Liu L, Zhang J, Xu B, Fan Y, Tian J. Comparison of dual-biomarker PIB-PET and dual-tracer PET in AD diagnosis. Eur Radiol 2014; 24:2800-9. [PMID: 25097125 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-014-3311-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify the optimal time window for capturing perfusion information from early (11)C-PIB imaging frames (perfusion PIB, (11)C-pPIB) and to compare the performance of (18)F-FDG PET and "dual biomarker" (11)C-PIB PET [(11)C-pPIB and amyloid PIB ((11)C-aPIB)] for classification of AD, MCI and CN subjects. METHODS Forty subjects (14 CN, 12 MCI and 14 AD patients) underwent (18)F-FDG and (11)C-PIB PET studies. Pearson correlation between the (18)F-FDG image and sum of early (11)C-PIB frames was maximised to identify the optimal time window for (11)C-pPIB. The classification power of imaging parameters was evaluated with a leave-one-out validation. RESULTS A 7-min time window yielded the highest correlation between (18)F-FDG and (11)C-pPIB. (11)C-pPIB and (18)F-FDG images shared a similar radioactive distribution pattern. (18)F-FDG performed better than (11)C-pPIB for the classification of both AD vs. CN and MCI vs. CN. (11)C-pPIB + (11)C-aPIB and (18)F-FDG + (11)C-aPIB yielded the highest classification accuracy for the classification of AD vs. CN, and (18)F-FDG + (11)C-aPIB had the best classification performance for the classification of MCI vs. CN CONCLUSION C-pPIB could serve as a useful biomarker of rCBF for measuring neural activity and improve the diagnostic power of PET for AD in conjunction with (11)C-aPIB. (18)F-FDG and (11)C-PIB dual-tracer PET examination could better detect MCI. KEY POINTS • Dual-tracer PET examination provides neurofunctional and neuropathological information for AD diagnosis. • The identified optimal 11C-pPIB time frames had highest correlation with 18F-FDG. • 11C-pPIB images shared a similar radioactive distribution pattern with 18F-FDG images. • 11C-pPIB can provide neurofunctional information. • Dual-tracer PET examination could better detect MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Fu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Fuxing Rd., 28, Beijing, China
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Drzezga A, Barthel H, Minoshima S, Sabri O. Potential Clinical Applications of PET/MR Imaging in Neurodegenerative Diseases. J Nucl Med 2014; 55:47S-55S. [PMID: 24819417 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.113.129254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer disease are among today's most alarming health problems in our aging society. The clinical assessment of neurodegenerative disorders benefits from recent innovations in the field of imaging technology. These innovations include emerging tracers for molecular imaging of neurodegenerative pathology and the introduction of novel integrated PET/MR imaging instruments. Because both PET and MR imaging procedures have shown critical value in the diagnostic work-up of neurodegenerative disorders, the combination of both imaging modalities in the form of an integrated PET/MR imaging system may be of value. This combination includes practical methodologic advantages and an improved workflow facilitated by the combined acquisition of dual-modality data. It offers clinical advantages because of the systematic combination of complementary information, potentially allowing the creation of novel integrated imaging biomarkers. The effectiveness of new disease-modifying treatments may depend on the timely initiation of therapy before irreversible neuronal damage in slowly progressive neurodegenerative disorders. Integrated PET/MR imaging may be able to improve such early diagnosis through both structural and functional information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Drzezga
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Henryk Barthel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Satoshi Minoshima
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Osama Sabri
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Daniela P, Orazio S, Alessandro P, Mariano NF, Leonardo I, Pasquale Anthony DR, Giovanni F, Carlo C. A survey of FDG- and amyloid-PET imaging in dementia and GRADE analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:785039. [PMID: 24772437 PMCID: PMC3977528 DOI: 10.1155/2014/785039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PET based tools can improve the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and differential diagnosis of dementia. The importance of identifying individuals at risk of developing dementia among people with subjective cognitive complaints or mild cognitive impairment has clinical, social, and therapeutic implications. Within the two major classes of AD biomarkers currently identified, that is, markers of pathology and neurodegeneration, amyloid- and FDG-PET imaging represent decisive tools for their measurement. As a consequence, the PET tools have been recognized to be of crucial value in the recent guidelines for the early diagnosis of AD and other dementia conditions. The references based recommendations, however, include large PET imaging literature based on visual methods that greatly reduces sensitivity and specificity and lacks a clear cut-off between normal and pathological findings. PET imaging can be assessed using parametric or voxel-wise analyses by comparing the subject's scan with a normative data set, significantly increasing the diagnostic accuracy. This paper is a survey of the relevant literature on FDG and amyloid-PET imaging aimed at providing the value of quantification for the early and differential diagnosis of AD. This allowed a meta-analysis and GRADE analysis revealing high values for PET imaging that might be useful in considering recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perani Daniela
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, San Raffaele Hospital and Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Schillaci Orazio
- Nuclear Medicine Department, University of Rome “Tor Vergata” and IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Padovani Alessandro
- Department of Medical and Experimental Sciences, Unit of Neurology, Brescia University, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Nobili Flavio Mariano
- Department of Neuroscience Ophthalmology and Genetics, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Iaccarino Leonardo
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, San Raffaele Hospital and Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Frisoni Giovanni
- IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, and Memory Clinic and LANVIE, Laboratory of Neuroimaging of Aging, University Hospitals and University of Geneva, 1225 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Caltagirone Carlo
- University of Rome Tor Vergata and IRCSS S. Lucia, 00142 Rome, Italy
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Kuhn FP, Warnock GI, Burger C, Ledermann K, Martin-Soelch C, Buck A. Comparison of PET template-based and MRI-based image processing in the quantitative analysis of C11-raclopride PET. EJNMMI Res 2014; 4:7. [PMID: 24451009 PMCID: PMC3904930 DOI: 10.1186/2191-219x-4-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Quantitative measures of 11C-raclopride receptor binding can be used as a correlate of postsynaptic D2 receptor density in the striatum, allowing 11C-raclopride positron emission tomography (PET) to be used for the differentiation of Parkinson’s disease from atypical parkinsonian syndromes. Comparison with reference values is recommended to establish a reliable diagnosis. A PET template specific to raclopride may facilitate direct computation of parametric maps without the need for an additional MR scan, aiding automated image analysis. Methods Sixteen healthy volunteers underwent a dynamic 11C-raclopride PET and a high-resolution T1-weighted MR scan of the brain. PET data from eight healthy subjects was processed to generate a raclopride-specific PET template normalized to standard space. Subsequently, the data processing based on the PET template was validated against the standard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based method in 8 healthy subjects and 20 patients with suspected parkinsonian syndrome. Semi-quantitative image analysis was performed in Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) and in original image space (OIS) using VOIs derived from a probabilistic brain atlas previously validated by Hammers et al. (Hum Brain Mapp, 15:165–174, 2002). Results The striatal-to-cerebellar ratio (SCR) of 11C-raclopride uptake obtained using the PET template was in good agreement with the MRI-based image processing method, yielding a Lin’s concordance coefficient of 0.87. Bland-Altman analysis showed that all measurements were within the ±1.96 standard deviation range. In all 20 patients, the PET template-based processing was successful and manual volume of interest optimization had no further impact on the diagnosis of PD in this patient group. A maximal difference of <5% was found between the measured SCR in MNI space and OIS. Conclusions The PET template-based method for automated quantification of postsynaptic D2 receptor density is simple to implement and facilitates rapid, robust and reliable image analysis. There was no significant difference between the SCR values obtained with either PET- or MRI-based image processing. The method presented alleviates the clinical workflow and facilitates automated image analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix P Kuhn
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, Zurich 8091, Switzerland.
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Kaneta T, Okamura N, Arai A, Takanami K, Furukawa K, Tashiro M, Furumoto S, Iwata R, Takahashi S, Arai H, Yanai K, Kudo Y. Analysis of early phase [11C]BF-227 PET, and its application for anatomical standardization of late-phase images for 3D-SSP analysis. Jpn J Radiol 2014; 32:138-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s11604-013-0276-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 12/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Gjedde A, Aanerud J, Braendgaard H, Rodell AB. Blood-brain transfer of Pittsburgh compound B in humans. Front Aging Neurosci 2013; 5:70. [PMID: 24223554 PMCID: PMC3819578 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2013.00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the labeled form, the Pittsburgh compound B (2-(4′-{N-methyl-[11C]}methyl-aminophenyl)-6-hydroxy-benzothiazole, [11C]PiB), is used as a biomarker for positron emission tomography (PET) of brain β-amyloid deposition in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The permeability of [11C]PiB in the blood-brain barrier is held to be high but the permeability-surface area product and extraction fractions in patients or healthy volunteers are not known. We used PET to determine the clearance associated with the unidrectional blood-brain transfer of [11C]PiB and the corresponding cerebral blood flow rates in frontal lobe, whole cerebral cortex, and cerebellum of patients with Alzheimer's disease and healthy volunteers. Regional cerebral blood flow rates differed significantly between the two groups. Thus, regional and whole-brain permeability-surface area products were identical, in agreement with the observation that numerically, but insignificantly, unidirectional blood-brain clearances are lower and extraction fractions higher in the patients. The evidence of unchanged permeability-surface area products in the patients implies that blood flow changes can be deduced from the unidirectional blood-brain clearances of [11C]PiB in the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Gjedde
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen Copenhagen, Denmark ; Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus, Denmark ; Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University Aarhus, Denmark ; Department of Neurology, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada ; Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, MD, USA
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Dukart J, Perneczky R, Förster S, Barthel H, Diehl-Schmid J, Draganski B, Obrig H, Santarnecchi E, Drzezga A, Fellgiebel A, Frackowiak R, Kurz A, Müller K, Sabri O, Schroeter ML, Yakushev I. Reference cluster normalization improves detection of frontotemporal lobar degeneration by means of FDG-PET. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55415. [PMID: 23451025 PMCID: PMC3581522 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Accepted: 12/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Positron emission tomography with [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG-PET) plays a well-established role in assisting early detection of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Here, we examined the impact of intensity normalization to different reference areas on accuracy of FDG-PET to discriminate between patients with mild FTLD and healthy elderly subjects. FDG-PET was conducted at two centers using different acquisition protocols: 41 FTLD patients and 42 controls were studied at center 1, 11 FTLD patients and 13 controls were studied at center 2. All PET images were intensity normalized to the cerebellum, primary sensorimotor cortex (SMC), cerebral global mean (CGM), and a reference cluster with most preserved FDG uptake in the aforementioned patients group of center 1. Metabolic deficits in the patient group at center 1 appeared 1.5, 3.6, and 4.6 times greater in spatial extent, when tracer uptake was normalized to the reference cluster rather than to the cerebellum, SMC, and CGM, respectively. Logistic regression analyses based on normalized values from FTLD-typical regions showed that at center 1, cerebellar, SMC, CGM, and cluster normalizations differentiated patients from controls with accuracies of 86%, 76%, 75% and 90%, respectively. A similar order of effects was found at center 2. Cluster normalization leads to a significant increase of statistical power in detecting early FTLD-associated metabolic deficits. The established FTLD-specific cluster can be used to improve detection of FTLD on a single case basis at independent centers – a decisive step towards early diagnosis and prediction of FTLD syndromes enabling specific therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juergen Dukart
- LREN, Département des Neurosciences Cliniques, CHUV, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Correlation of early-phase 18F-florbetapir (AV-45/Amyvid) PET images to FDG images: preliminary studies: reply to Ballinger. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-012-2137-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Forsberg A, Engler H, Blomquist G, Långström B, Nordberg A. The use of PIB-PET as a dual pathological and functional biomarker in AD. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2012; 1822:380-5. [PMID: 22115832 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2011.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Revised: 11/05/2011] [Accepted: 11/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Correlation of early-phase 18F-florbetapir (AV-45/Amyvid) PET images to FDG images: preliminary studies. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2012; 39:613-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-011-2051-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2011] [Accepted: 12/27/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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In vivo imaging of astrocytosis in Alzheimer’s disease: an 11C-L-deuteriodeprenyl and PIB PET study. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2011; 38:2202-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-011-1895-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2011] [Accepted: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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