Pancreatic lipase inhibition activity of trilactone terpenes of Ginkgo biloba

Nanoemulsified orlistat-embedded multi-unit pellet system (MUPS) with improved dissolution and pancreatic lipase inhibition

The present research work explores an innovative technological solution to constraints in efficient oral delivery of poorly water-soluble anti-obesity drug orlistat. Nanoemulsion of orlistat and its subsequent transformation into multi-unit pellet system (MUPS) for improved oral delivery was developed. Orlistat nanoemulsion was developed with capryol PGMC as an oil phase and cremophor RH40 as an emulsifier using high-pressure homogenization. Influence of critical processing parameters on globule size distribution, polydispersity index and physical stability of nanoemulsion was evaluated. The optimized nanoemulsion was transformed into MUPS using an extrusion spheronization technique. Optimized formulation was characterized at nanoemulsion as well as MUPS stage. DLS and nanoparticle tracking analysis studies of orlistat nanoemulsion exhibited unimodal size distribution with polydispersity value <0.1. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) studies confirmed the presence of uniform spherical nanosized oil droplets of nanoemulsified orlistat. DSC and PXRD studies of MUPS confirmed amorphization of embedded nanoemulsified orlistat. In-vitro dissolution studies in surfactant-reduced media demonstrated remarkable improvement in dissolution compared to pure orlistat and marketed formulation (Xenical Capsules 120 mg, Hoffman-La Roche, Basle, Switzerland). Comparative in-vitro bovine porcine pancreatic lipase inhibition studies of pure orlistat, marketed product and developed MUPS showed 13.57- and 2.41-fold higher lipase inhibition with developed MUPS compared to pure orlistat and marketed products, respectively.

Inhibitory Activities of Cudrania tricuspidata Leaves on Pancreatic Lipase In Vitro and Lipolysis In Vivo

To identify effective herb to treat obesity, we screened 115 herbal extracts for inhibition of porcine pancreatic lipase (triacylg-ycerol acylhydrolase, EC 3.1.1.3) activity in vitro. Of the extracts tested, Cudrania tricuspidata leaves exhibited the most pronounced inhibitory effect on lipase activity with an IC₅₀ value of 9.91 μg/mL. Antilipid absorption effects of C. tricuspidata leaves were examined in rats after oral administration of lipid emulsions containing 50 or 250 mg  C. tricuspidata/kg body weight. Plasma triacylglycerol levels 2 h after the oral administration of emulsions containing C. tricuspidata were significantly reduced compared to the untreated group (P < 0.05). These results suggest that C. tricuspidata leaves may be useful for the treatment of obesity.