51
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Grilli E, Vitari F, Domeneghini C, Palmonari A, Tosi G, Fantinati P, Massi P, Piva A. Development of a feed additive to reduce caecal Campylobacter jejuni
in broilers at slaughter age: from in vitro
to in vivo
, a proof of concept. J Appl Microbiol 2012; 114:308-17. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.12053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2012] [Revised: 10/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Grilli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie; Università di Bologna; Ozzano Emilia Bologna Italy
| | - F. Vitari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie per la Salute, la Produzione Animale e la Sicurezza Alimentare; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milano Italy
| | - C. Domeneghini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie per la Salute, la Produzione Animale e la Sicurezza Alimentare; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milano Italy
| | - A. Palmonari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie; Università di Bologna; Ozzano Emilia Bologna Italy
| | - G. Tosi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico dell'Emilia Romagna; Forlì Italy
| | | | - P. Massi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico dell'Emilia Romagna; Forlì Italy
| | - A. Piva
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Veterinarie; Università di Bologna; Ozzano Emilia Bologna Italy
- Vetagro SpA; Reggio Emilia Italy
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52
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Hermans D, Martel A, Garmyn A, Verlinden M, Heyndrickx M, Gantois I, Haesebrouck F, Pasmans F. Application of medium-chain fatty acids in drinking water increases Campylobacter jejuni colonization threshold in broiler chicks. Poult Sci 2012; 91:1733-8. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2011-02106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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53
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Ganan M, Silván J, Carrascosa A, Martínez-Rodríguez A. Alternative strategies to use antibiotics or chemical products for controlling Campylobacter in the food chain. Food Control 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2011.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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54
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Wang J, Kim I. Effect of caprylic acid andYucca schidigeraextract on production performance, egg quality, blood characteristics, and excreta microflora in laying hens. Br Poult Sci 2011; 52:711-7. [DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2011.635638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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55
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Hermans D, Martel A, van Deun K, van Immerseel F, Heyndrickx M, Haesebrouck F, Pasmans F. The cinnamon-oil ingredient trans-cinnamaldehyde fails to target Campylobacter jejuni strain KC 40 in the broiler chicken cecum despite marked in vitro activity. J Food Prot 2011; 74:1729-34. [PMID: 22004822 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-10-487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is the most common bacterial cause of diarrheal disease in humans worldwide, with poultry products being a major source. Therefore, strategies to decrease Campylobacter colonization during primary production might aid in reducing the number of human campylobacteriosis cases. Several plant-derived compounds have been reported to possess anti-Campylobacter properties in vitro, so they could be promising candidates to reduce Campylobacter colonization in broiler chickens. To test this hypothesis, selected plant-derived antimicrobials (caffeic, gallic, protocatechuic, and vanillic acids, epigallocatechin gallate, trans-cinnamaldehyde, and thymol) were screened for anti-Campylobacter activity by determining MICs and setting up time-kill curves for C. jejuni strain KC 40. These experiments revealed marked antibacterial activity, especially for the cinnamon oil ingredient trans-cinnamaldehyde (CIN). This compound was tested in a broiler chick seeder model; it was added to the feed in coated form at an effective concentration of 0.3 % from day-of-hatch for the entire 22-day duration of the experiment. At 14 days of age, one-third of the birds were inoculated with C. jejuni strain KC 40 and served as seeders. CIN was not able to reduce cecal Campylobacter colonization in this model, which was confirmed in a cecal loop experiment. Despite CIN concentrations much higher than the MIC, C. jejuni numbers were not reduced compared with those in nontreated ceca at 2 and 24 h after injection. In conclusion, this study shows a marked discrepancy between in vitro and in vivo activity of CIN against C. jejuni strain KC 40.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Hermans
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
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56
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Hermans D, Van Deun K, Messens W, Martel A, Van Immerseel F, Haesebrouck F, Rasschaert G, Heyndrickx M, Pasmans F. Campylobacter control in poultry by current intervention measures ineffective: Urgent need for intensified fundamental research. Vet Microbiol 2011; 152:219-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2011] [Revised: 03/02/2011] [Accepted: 03/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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57
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Nutritional and physiological role of medium-chain triglycerides and medium-chain fatty acids in piglets. Anim Health Res Rev 2011; 12:83-93. [DOI: 10.1017/s1466252311000089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AbstractMedium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) are found at higher levels in milk lipids of many animal species and in the oil fraction of several plants, including coconuts, palm kernels and certainCupheaspecies. Medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) and fatty acids are efficiently absorbed and metabolized and are therefore used for piglet nutrition. They may provide instant energy and also have physiological benefits beyond their energetic value contributing to several findings of improved performance in piglet-feeding trials. MCTs are effectively hydrolyzed by gastric and pancreatic lipases in the newborn and suckling young, allowing rapid provision of energy for both enterocytes and intermediary hepatic metabolism. MCFAs affect the composition of the intestinal microbiota and have inhibitory effects on bacterial concentrations in the digesta, mainly onSalmonellaand coliforms. However, most studies have been performedin vitroup to now andin vivodata in pigs are still scarce. Effects on the gut-associated and general immune function have been described in several animal species, but they have been less studied in pigs. The addition of up to 8% of a non-esterified MCFA mixture in feed has been described, but due to the sensory properties this can have a negative impact on feed intake. This may be overcome by using MCTs, allowing dietary inclusion rates up to 15%. Feeding sows with diets containing 15% MCTs resulted in a lower mortality of newborns and better development, particularly of underweight piglets. In conclusion, MCFAs and MCTs offer advantages for the improvement of energy supply and performance of piglets and may stabilize the intestinal microbiota, expanding the spectrum of feed additives supporting piglet health in the post-weaning period.
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58
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Scientific Opinion onCampylobacterin broiler meat production: control options and performance objectives and/or targets at different stages of the food chain. EFSA J 2011. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2011.2105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 326] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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59
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Metcalf J, Donoghue A, Venkitanarayanan K, Reyes-Herrera I, Aguiar V, Blore P, Donoghue D. Water administration of the medium-chain fatty acid caprylic acid produced variable efficacy against enteric Campylobacter colonization in broilers1,2. Poult Sci 2011; 90:494-7. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2010-00891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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60
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Molatová Z, Skřivanová E, Baré J, Houf K, Bruggeman G, Marounek M. Effect of coated and non-coated fatty acid supplementation on broiler chickens experimentally infected with Campylobacter jejuni. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2010; 95:701-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2010.01100.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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61
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van Gerwe T, Bouma A, Wagenaar JA, Jacobs-Reitsma WF, Stegeman A. Comparison of Campylobacter levels in crops and ceca of broilers at slaughter. Avian Dis 2010; 54:1072-4. [PMID: 20945790 DOI: 10.1637/9113-101809-resnote.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A considerable fraction of the poultry carcasses becomes contaminated with Campylobacter by cross-contamination from the digestive tract of colonized broilers at slaughter. Campylobacter in the crop may serve as a possible source of cross-contamination, because the crop may contain high numbers of Campylobacter and is more likely to rupture during the slaughtering process than intestines. In this study, the correlation between Campylobacter colonization levels in crop and cecum was assessed in 48 broilers of 31 days of age. In addition, the effect of drinking water supplemented with 0.2% volatile fatty acid (VFA) on these Campylobacter colonization levels was studied. No correlation between crop and cecal colonization levels was found (p = 0.09; P = 0.71), indicating that future studies on cross-contamination should include an examination of not only cecal colonization levels but also crop colonization levels. Supplementation of drinking water with VFA did not result in a significant reduction of colonization levels in either the crop (P = 0.50) or the ceca (P = 0.92), indicating that this is not an effective measure to reduce cross-contamination at slaughter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Twan van Gerwe
- Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80151, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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62
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Kollanoor Johny A, Darre M, Donoghue A, Donoghue D, Venkitanarayanan K. Antibacterial effect of trans-cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, carvacrol, and thymol on Salmonella Enteritidis and Campylobacter jejuni in chicken cecal contents in vitro. J APPL POULTRY RES 2010. [DOI: 10.3382/japr.2010-00181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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63
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Skånseng B, Kaldhusdal M, Moen B, Gjevre AG, Johannessen G, Sekelja M, Trosvik P, Rudi K. Prevention of intestinal Campylobacter jejuni colonization in broilers by combinations of in-feed organic acids. J Appl Microbiol 2010; 109:1265-73. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2010.04766.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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64
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Hermans D, Martel A, Van Deun K, Verlinden M, Van Immerseel F, Garmyn A, Messens W, Heyndrickx M, Haesebrouck F, Pasmans F. Intestinal mucus protects Campylobacter jejuni in the ceca of colonized broiler chickens against the bactericidal effects of medium-chain fatty acids. Poult Sci 2010; 89:1144-55. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2010-00717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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65
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Solís de los Santos F, Hume M, Venkitanarayanan K, Donoghue AM, Hanning I, Slavik MF, Aguiar VF, Metcalf JH, Reyes-Herrera I, Blore PJ, Donoghue DJ. Caprylic Acid reduces enteric campylobacter colonization in market-aged broiler chickens but does not appear to alter cecal microbial populations. J Food Prot 2010; 73:251-7. [PMID: 20132669 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-73.2.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Campylobacter is a leading cause of foodborne illness in the United States, and epidemiological evidence indicates poultry products to be a significant source of human Campylobacter infections. Caprylic acid, an eight-carbon medium-chain fatty acid, reduces Campylobacter colonization in chickens. How caprylic acid reduces Campylobacter carriage may be related to changes in intestinal microflora. To evaluate this possibility, cecal microbial populations were evaluated with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis from market-age broiler chickens fed caprylic acid. In the first trial, chicks (n = 40 per trial) were assigned to four treatment groups (n = 10 birds per treatment group): positive controls (Campylobacter, no caprylic acid), with or without a 12-h feed withdrawal before slaughter; and 0.7% caprylic acid supplemented in feed for the last 3 days of the trial, with or without a 12-h feed withdrawal before slaughter. Treatments were similar for trial 2, except caprylic acid was supplemented for the last 7 days of the trial. At age 14 days, chicks were orally challenged with Campylobacter jejuni, and on day 42, ceca were collected for denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and Campylobacter analysis. Caprylic acid supplemented for 3 or 7 days at 0.7% reduced Campylobacter compared with the positive controls, except for the 7-day treatment with a 12-h feed withdrawal period. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profiles of the cecal content showed very limited differences in microbial populations. The results of this study indicate that caprylic acid's ability to reduce Campylobacter does not appear to be due to changes in cecal microflora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fausto Solís de los Santos
- Poultry Science Department, University of Arkansas, 1260 West Maple Street, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA
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66
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Hanning I, Donoghue DJ, Jarquin R, Kumar GS, Aguiar VF, Metcalf JH, Reyes-Herrera I, Slavik M. Campylobacter biofilm phenotype exhibits reduced colonization potential in young chickens and altered in vitro virulence. Poult Sci 2009; 88:1102-7. [PMID: 19359701 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2008-00307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the ability of different Campylobacter phenotypes (biofilm versus planktonic) to colonize young poultry. It has been suggested that a persistent Campylobacter biofilm reservoir may be involved in the initial contamination of poultry flocks. Campylobacter jejuni cultured adherent to agar was utilized as the biofilm model and C. jejuni cultured in broth was evaluated as the planktonic model. In 2 independent trials, 1-d-old broiler chicks were given 1 of 3 treatments: 1) 10(5) cfu.mL(-1) of C. jejuni cultured in broth, 2) 10(5) cfu.mL(-1) of C. jejuni cultured adherent to agar, or 3) no C. jejuni (negative control). Cecal contents of all birds were evaluated by culturing 12 d after the initial challenge with C. jejuni. In both trials, birds challenged with C. jejuni cultured in broth had approximately 3 to 4 log higher cecal Campylobacter concentration than birds challenged with C. jejuni cultured adherent to agar. Using 2 cell lines (INT 407 and DF1), virulence of C. jejuni cultured in broth versus adherent to agar also was evaluated by challenging monolayers of eukaryotic cells with 1 of 3 treatments: 1) 10(5) cfu.mL(-1) of C. jejuni cultured in broth, 2) 10(5) cfu.mL(-1) of C. jejuni cultured adherent to agar, or 3) no C. jejuni (negative control). The virulence study also showed differences of C. jejuni cultured in broth or agar in attachment and invasion abilities to tissue culture cells, but differences were not as consistent as with the chick colonization study. This study indicates that phenotype may play a role in colonization of chickens and virulence by C. jejuni.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Hanning
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701, USA.
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67
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Anderson R, Krueger N, Byrd J, Harvey R, Callaway T, Edrington T, Nisbet D. Effects of thymol and diphenyliodonium chloride against Campylobacter spp. during pure and mixed culture in vitro. J Appl Microbiol 2009; 107:1258-68. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04308.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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68
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JOHNY ANUPKOLLANOOR, BASKARAN SANGEETHAANANDA, CHARLES ANUSUSAN, AMALARADJOU MARYANNEROSHNI, DARRE MICHAELJ, KHAN MAZHARI, HOAGLAND THOMASA, SCHREIBER DAVIDT, DONOGHUE ANNIEM, DONOGHUE DANJ, VENKITANARAYANAN KUMAR. Prophylactic Supplementation of Caprylic Acid in Feed Reduces Salmonella Enteritidis Colonization in Commercial Broiler Chicks†. J Food Prot 2009. [DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-72.4.722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Salmonella Enteritidis is a major foodborne pathogen for which chickens serve as reservoir hosts. Reducing Salmonella Enteritidis carriage in chickens would reduce contamination of poultry meat and eggs with this pathogen. We investigated the prophylactic efficacy of feed supplemented with caprylic acid (CA), a natural, generally recognized as safe eight-carbon fatty acid, for reducing Salmonella Enteritidis colonization in chicks. One hundred commercial day-old chicks were randomly divided into five groups of 20 birds each: CA control (no Salmonella Enteritidis, CA), positive control (Salmonella Enteritidis, no CA), negative control (no Salmonella Enteritidis, no CA), and 0.7 or 1% CA. Water and feed were provided ad libitum. On day 8, birds were inoculated with 5.0 log CFU of Salmonella Enteritidis by crop gavage. Six birds from each group were euthanized on days 1, 7, and 10 after challenge, and Salmonella Enteritidis populations in the cecum, small intestine, cloaca, crop, liver, and spleen were enumerated. The study was replicated three times. CA supplementation at 0.7 and 1% consistently decreased Salmonella Enteritidis populations recovered from the treated birds. Salmonella Enteritidis counts in the tissue samples of CA-treated chicks were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than those of control birds on days 7 and 10 after challenge. Feed intake and body weight did not differ between the groups. Histological examination revealed no pathological changes in the cecum and liver of CA-supplemented birds. The results suggest that prophylactic CA supplementation through feed can reduce Salmonella Enteritidis colonization in day-old chicks and may be a useful treatment for reducing Salmonella Enteritidis carriage in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- ANUP KOLLANOOR JOHNY
- 1Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | | | - ANU SUSAN CHARLES
- 1Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | | | - MICHAEL J. DARRE
- 1Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - MAZHAR I. KHAN
- 2Department of Pathobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - THOMAS A. HOAGLAND
- 1Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - DAVID T. SCHREIBER
- 1Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - ANNIE M. DONOGHUE
- 3U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Poultry Production and Product Safety Research Unit, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701
| | - DAN J. DONOGHUE
- 4Center for Excellence in Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA
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69
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Bacterial fermentation in the gastrointestinal tract of non-ruminants: Influence of fermented feeds and fermentable carbohydrates. Trop Anim Health Prod 2009; 41:1393-407. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-009-9327-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2008] [Accepted: 02/25/2009] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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70
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de los Santos FS, Donoghue A, Venkitanarayanan K, Metcalf J, Reyes-Herrera I, Dirain M, Aguiar V, Blore P, Donoghue D. The natural feed additive caprylic acid decreases Campylobacter jejuni colonization in market-aged broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2009; 88:61-4. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2008-00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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71
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Inhibitory activity of rabbit milk and medium-chain fatty acids against enteropathogenic Escherichia coli O128. Vet Microbiol 2008; 135:358-62. [PMID: 19019572 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.09.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2008] [Revised: 09/23/2008] [Accepted: 09/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Colibacillosis represents a major cause of diarrhea in young rabbits. In order to elucidate protective effect of milk, in vitro and in vivo experiments were carried out. In the in vitro experiment, rabbit milk treated with lipase significantly decreased the number of viable cells in cultures of Escherichia coli, O128 serotype, from 10.3 to 6.2-7.3log(10)/(cfuml). The lipase effect was the same with heat-treated (100 degrees C/10min) and raw milk. Raw milk without lipase decreased the number of E. coli only marginally. In the in vivo experiment, weaned rabbits received feed contaminated with the same bacterium. The course of the infection was moderate, only 2 out of 36 infected rabbits died. Seven days after inoculation, caprylic acid at 5g/kg feed and triacylglycerols of caprylic and capric acid at 10g/kg feed decreased faecal output of E. coli from 10.2log(10)/(cfug) to 5.8 and 6.1log(10)/(cfug), respectively. The number of E. coli in faeces of non-infected rabbits averaged 4.0log(10)/(cfug). The growth of infected rabbits was slow for 2 weeks after infection. In the third week a compensatory growth was apparent. At the end of the experiment, average body weights of rabbits receiving caprylic acid and those of non-infected rabbits were not significantly different. It can be concluded that (i) lipids rather than proteins seem to be responsible for the antimicrobial activity of rabbit milk; and (ii) this activity was lipase-dependent. Caprylic acid or oils with high a concentration of it may be used as feed supplements for weanlings.
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72
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Therapeutic supplementation of caprylic acid in feed reduces Campylobacter jejuni colonization in broiler chicks. Appl Environ Microbiol 2008; 74:4564-6. [PMID: 18502935 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02528-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Poultry colonized with Campylobacter species are a significant source of human food-borne illness. The therapeutic use of the medium chain fatty acid caprylic acid consistently reduced enteric C. jejuni colonization in chicks by 3 to 4 logs in three separate trials. These results support caprylic acid's potential to reduce Campylobacter carriage in poultry.
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