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Hildorf S, Cortes D, Clasen-Linde E, Fossum M, Thorup J. The impact of early and successful orchidopexy on hormonal follow-up for 208 boys with bilateral non-syndromic cryptorchidism. Pediatr Surg Int 2021; 37:339-345. [PMID: 33423103 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-020-04820-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Inhibin-B is produced by Sertoli cells and decreased values might be associated with impaired fertility potential. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of bilateral orchidopexy on serum inhibin-B and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). METHODS A cohort study including 208 bilateral cryptorchid boys (median age: 1.7 year) was evaluated with serum inhibin-B and FSH in relation to histological parameters. Based on the fertility potential, the boys were divided into three subgroups. At follow-up (median age: 2.7 years) the boys were evaluated with FSH and in case of inhibin-B using multiple of the median (MoM). RESULTS Inhibin-B MoM improved significantly at follow-up. In 32 boys with high FSH at orchidopexy 63% normalized FSH and 59% increased MoM inhibin-B, but 31% had impaired inhibin-B at follow-up. In 105 boys with transient hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, 52% increased inhibin-B MoM but 31% had impaired inhibin-B at follow-up. In 71 boys with normal FSH, inhibin-B, and G/T, 54% increased inhibin-B MoM and 15% had impaired inhibin-B at follow-up. The effect of the surgery was best in patients younger than 1 year. CONCLUSION Orchidopexy, especially before 1 year of age, improves the fertility potential in bilateral cryptorchidism. At follow-up, 26% (54/208) had a risk of infertility based on inhibin-B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Hildorf
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Surgical Clinic C, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, 9 Blegdamsvej, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Dina Cortes
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescence Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Erik Clasen-Linde
- Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Magdalena Fossum
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Surgical Clinic C, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, 9 Blegdamsvej, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jorgen Thorup
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Surgical Clinic C, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, 9 Blegdamsvej, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Li S, Li Y, Chen F, Yang Y, Song L, Liu C, Wang B, Xu Y, Shao M, Li E. Metabolomics analysis reveals metabolic changes associated with trans-resveratrol treatment in experimental cryptorchidism mice. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 33:328-337. [PMID: 33602390 DOI: 10.1071/rd20189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to analyse global metabolomic changes associated with trans-resveratrol (RSV) treatment in mice with cryptorchidism using untargeted metabolomics. Cryptorchidism was established surgically in Kunming mice, which were then treated with 20µg g-1 day-1, s.c., RSV for 35 consecutive days. Typical manifestations of spermatogenesis arrest were seen in mice with cryptorchidism, and RSV treatment for 35 days restored spermatogenesis. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to profile the metabolome of testes from mice in the control (non-cryptorchid, untreated), cryptorchid and RSV-treated cryptorchid groups. In all, 1386 and 179 differential metabolites were detected in the positive and negative modes respectively. Seven and six potential biomarkers were screened for spermatogenesis arrest and restoration respectively. Pathway analysis showed changes in 197 metabolic pathways. The hexosamine biosynthesis pathway was inhibited in the cryptorchid group, which probably resulted in a decrease in the end product, uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc). Immunoblot analysis showed that total testicular protein O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine glycosylation was related to spermatogenesis arrest, further indicating a decrease in UDP-GlcNAc in the cryptorchid group. Thus, untargeted metabolomics revealed the biochemical pathways associated with the restoration of metabolic status in the cryptorchid group following RSV treatment and the findings could be used to monitor the response to RSV treatment. This study provides a meaningful foundation for the future clinical application of RSV in the treatment of spermatogenesis dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqiang Li
- School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
| | - Yun Li
- School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China; and Zhumadian Academy of Industry Innovation and Development, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
| | - Fujia Chen
- School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
| | - Yurong Yang
- School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
| | - Li Song
- School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
| | - Chaoying Liu
- School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China; and Zhumadian Academy of Industry Innovation and Development, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
| | - Baogen Wang
- School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
| | - Yuanhong Xu
- School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
| | - Mingguang Shao
- School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
| | - Enzhong Li
- School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China; and Corresponding author.
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53
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Bessa Dantas D, da Costa D, Andrade E, Bastos MDS, Gomes F, de Melo-Neto JS. Sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with cryptorchidism in live births in Brazil: A 20-year analysis. J Public Health Res 2021; 10:1850. [PMID: 33681086 PMCID: PMC7922362 DOI: 10.4081/jphr.2021.1850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cryptorchidism is a congenital disorder that causes an irregularity in the permanent or temporary descent of one or both testicles. In Brazil, there are no comprehensive studies describing the association of demographic, social, and clinical characteristics in relation to cryptorchidism. Objectives: This study aims to verify possible associations of clinical and sociodemographic characteristics in patients with cryptorchidism. Design and Methods: An analytical, descriptive and retrospective study was carried out based on secondary data of 5,168 live births with cryptorchidism recorded in the Live Birth Information System (SINASC), Brazil from 1999 to 2018. The socio-demographic factors analyzed were the geographic region, age, education and marital status of the mothers. The clinical factors analyzed were the duration and type of pregnancy. The place of birth was also analyzed as a secondary outcome. Results: This research analyzed all live births during the study period, in Brazil. The chance of cryptorchidism in the neonate is more common in women who become pregnant later (≥30 years of age) and with a higher level of education (≥8 years). The risk of cryptorchidism in relation to the federation units is higher in Paraiba, Pernambuco, Sergipe, Sao Paulo, and Santa Catarina. Regarding the clinical characteristics, the shorter pregnancies, which characterize premature births, are a risk for the appearance of cryptorchidism in the country. Conclusion: Thus, in this study, we found that sociodemographic and clinical factors have specific characteristics that predict cryptorchidism in newborns in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Bessa Dantas
- School of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém
| | - Dionata da Costa
- School of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém
| | - Edila Andrade
- School of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém
| | | | - Fabiana Gomes
- School of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
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Komarowska MD, Grubczak K, Czerniecki J, Hermanowicz A, Hermanowicz JM, Debek W, Matuszczak E. Identification of the Bisphenol A (BPA) and the Two Analogues BPS and BPF in Cryptorchidism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:694669. [PMID: 34335471 PMCID: PMC8318035 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.694669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to explore the association of plasma concentrations of bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), and bisphenol F (BPF) with unilateral cryptorchidism. In addition, to analyze selected demographic and intraoperative characteristics. DESIGN Retrospective analysis to determine plasma concentrations of total BPA, BPS and BPF using gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) among prepubertal boys with cryptorchidism and prebupertal male control subjects. During operation, the size, turgor and location of the cryptorchid testes were assessed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Plasma concentrations of total BPA, BPS and BPF. RESULTS In children with cryptorchidism, plasma levels of BPA, BPS and BPF were significantly higher compared to the control subjects. For BPA, it was: median value: 9.95 ng/mL vs. 5.54 ng/mL, p<0.05. For BPS, it was: median value: 3.93 ng/mL vs. 1.45 ng/mL, p<0.001. For BPF, it was: median value: 3.56 ng/mL vs. 1.83 ng/mL, p<0.05. In cryptorchid group, BPA was detected in 61.4% samples, BPS in 19.3% and BPF in 19.3%. All the three bisphenols were detected in plasma samples of both the healthy subjects and the study cohort. In the latter group, we found significant higher levels of BPA in boys from urban areas. We found a weak positive correlation between the levels of BPS and BPF and reduced turgor of the testes. Furthermore, results showed weak positive correlations between BPA and BPS levels and the age of the children as well as between BPS and BPF concentrations and the place of residence. CONCLUSIONS Results provide a first characterization of prepubertal boys suffering from cryptorchidism and exposed to different kind of bisphenols. Our study suggests that cryptorchid boys are widely exposed to BPA and, to a lesser extent, also to its alternatives, such as BPS and BPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Diana Komarowska
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
- *Correspondence: Marta Diana Komarowska, ; Justyna Magdalena Hermanowicz,
| | - Kamil Grubczak
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Jan Czerniecki
- Department of Biology and Pathology of Human Reproduction, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Adam Hermanowicz
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Justyna Magdalena Hermanowicz
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
- *Correspondence: Marta Diana Komarowska, ; Justyna Magdalena Hermanowicz,
| | - Wojciech Debek
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Ewa Matuszczak
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
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Acién P, Acién M. Disorders of Sex Development: Classification, Review, and Impact on Fertility. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9113555. [PMID: 33158283 PMCID: PMC7694247 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, the elements included in both sex determination and sex differentiation are briefly analyzed, exposing the pathophysiological and clinical classification of disorders or anomalies of sex development. Anomalies in sex determination without sex ambiguity include gonadal dysgenesis, polysomies, male XX, and Klinefelter syndrome (dysgenesis and polysomies with a female phenotype; and sex reversal and Klinefelter with a male phenotype). Other infertility situations could also be included here as minor degrees of dysgenesis. Anomalies in sex determination with sex ambiguity should (usually) include testicular dysgenesis and ovotesticular disorders. Among the anomalies in sex differentiation, we include: (1) males with androgen deficiency (MAD) that correspond to those individuals whose karyotype and gonads are male (XY and testes), but the phenotype can be female due to different hormonal abnormalities. (2) females with androgen excess (FAE); these patients have ovaries and a 46,XX karyotype, but present varying degrees of external genital virilization as a result of an enzyme abnormality that affects adrenal steroid biosynthesis and leads to congenital adrenal hyperplasia; less frequently, this can be caused by iatrogenia or tumors. (3) Kallman syndrome. All of these anomalies are reviewed and analyzed herein, as well as related fertility problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Acién
- Department of Gynecology, Miguel Hernández University, San Juan Campus, 03550 San Juan, Alicante, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-670-097-518, +34-965-919-385; Fax: +34-965-919-550
| | - Maribel Acién
- Department of Gynecology, Miguel Hernández University, San Juan Campus, 03550 San Juan, Alicante, Spain;
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Juan University Hospital, San Juan Campus, 03550 San Juan, Alicante, Spain
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56
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Yang DM, Choi HI, Kim HC, Kim SW, Moon SK, Lim JW. Small testes: clinical characteristics and ultrasonographic findings. Ultrasonography 2020; 40:455-463. [PMID: 33455146 PMCID: PMC8217805 DOI: 10.14366/usg.20133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this pictorial essay is to describe the ultrasonographic and clinical findings of patients with small testes due to a wide range of causes. We retrospectively reviewed the ultrasonographic and clinical findings of various causes of small testes. We present various causes of small testes on ultrasonography including Klinefelter syndrome, testicular torsion, mumps orchitis, inguinal hernia, cryptorchidism, varicocele, and trauma. On ultrasonography, small testes in patients with testicular torsion, mumps orchitis, and trauma usually showed heterogeneous echogenicity. Atrophic testes were homogeneously hypoechoic in patients with cryptorchidism and inguinal hernia and were isoechoic to the normal testis in patients with varicocele. Klinefelter syndrome patients had small hyperechoic or hypoechoic nodules, but the echogenicity of the remnant portion of the testes was homogeneous. Ultrasonography is helpful for detecting small testes and for the differential diagnosis of the various possible causes of small testes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dal Mo Yang
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeon-Il Choi
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Cheol Kim
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Won Kim
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Kyung Moon
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo Won Lim
- Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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57
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Corona G, Rastrelli G, Dicuio M, Concetti S, Minnetti M, Pivonello R, Isidori A, Sforza A, Maggi M. Subclinical male hypogonadism. Minerva Endocrinol (Torino) 2020; 46:252-261. [PMID: 32969626 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6507.20.03208-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The concept of subclinical or compensated male hypogonadism (SHG), characterized by increased gonadotropins and normal testosterone levels is emerging. However, its real clinical significance is still conflicting. The aim of the present study was to summarize and discuss the available evidence related to the possible definition of SHG and the possible advantages of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT). EVIDENCE ACQUISITION A comprehensive systematic Medline, Embase and Cochrane search was performed. Publications from January 1, 1969 up to February 29, 2020 were included. The search was restricted to English-language articles and studies of human participants. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Two main clinical forms of SHG can be described. The first identifies young patients who have a positive medical history for testis damage occurring before puberty onset. The second form can occur as a consequence of an age-dependent decline of T. Whereas the former can be the consequence of several congenital or acquired diseases, also possible causes of primary hypogonadism, the real significance of the latter is still debatable. Available evidence indicates that age-related SHG is quite a common phenomenon, occurring in 9.4% of aging men from the general population. Cross-sectional and longitudinal data have documented that it is associated with poor health and can be a sign of forthcoming increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. CONCLUSIONS Although available evidence suggests that in aging populations SHG can be considered a particular condition associated with an increased CV risk, it is still unknown if treatment with T can improve any outcomes in these subjects. Hence, further interventional studies are advisable to better understand the characteristics of SHG and the possible advantages of an early TRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Corona
- Endocrinology Unit, Maggiore-Bellaria Hospital, Medical Department, AUSL Bologna, Bologna, Italy -
| | - Giulia Rastrelli
- Andrology, Female Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Department of Experimental, Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mauro Dicuio
- Urology Unit, Surgical Department, Maggiore-Bellaria Hospital, AUSL Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Urology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Sergio Concetti
- Urology Unit, Surgical Department, Maggiore-Bellaria Hospital, AUSL Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marianna Minnetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosario Pivonello
- Unit of Andrology, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Andrology, Reproductive Medicine and Male and Female Sexuality (FERTISEXCARES) Center, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Isidori
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sforza
- Endocrinology Unit, Maggiore-Bellaria Hospital, Medical Department, AUSL Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mario Maggi
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Experimental, Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Profka E, Rodari G, Giacchetti F, Berrettini A, Manzoni G, Daccò V, Arosio M, Giavoli C, Colombo C. A case of testicular atrophy associated with cystic fibrosis. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep 2020; 2020:EDM200095. [PMID: 33434179 PMCID: PMC7576656 DOI: 10.1530/edm-20-0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY An 8-year-old boy with cystic fibrosis came to our attention for an empty scrotum. General physical examination showed a normal penis and hypoplastic scrotum with non-palpable testes bilaterally. Routine blood investigations showed low levels of LH, testosterone, inhibin B and antiMullerian hormone and elevated levels of FSH. Karyotype was normal. An abdominal ultrasound confirmed the absence of the testes into the scrotum, in the inguinal region and abdomen. At laparoscopy were noted bilaterally hypotrophic spermatic vessels, absence of the vas deferens and a closed inner ring. Inguinal exploration found out a small residual testis and histological examination showed fibrotic tissue. This is the first case of testicular atrophy associated to CFTR mutation described. The process that led to bilateral testicular and vas deferens atrophy remains unexplained, a possible influence of CFTR dysfunction cannot be ruled out, although it is possible that these conditions are independently associated. LEARNING POINTS Cystic fibrosis produces a multisystemic disease which can affect also the reproductive tract. Nearly 97-98% of male patients are infertile because of congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens. A correlation between cystic fibrosis and bilateral testicular atrophy could be possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriselda Profka
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Rodari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Giacchetti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Alfredo Berrettini
- Pediatric Urology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianantonio Manzoni
- Pediatric Urology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Daccò
- Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Maura Arosio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Giavoli
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Carla Colombo
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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Alumeti Munyali D, Tetsatsi Momo AC, Bonsou Fozin GR, Deeh Defo PB, Petnga Tchatat Y, Lieunang B, Watcho P. Rubus apetalus (Rosaceae) improves spermatozoa characteristics, antioxidant enzymes and fertility potential in unilateral cryptorchid rats. Basic Clin Androl 2020; 30:8. [PMID: 32670587 PMCID: PMC7346424 DOI: 10.1186/s12610-020-00107-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cryptorchidism (CPT) is an important cause of male infertility. Rubus apetalus is a medicinal plant with a powerful antioxidant potential. We investigated the effects of aqueous and methanolic extracts of R. apetalus on spermatozoa parameters, antioxidant enzymes and fertility potential of rats with experimental unilateral CPT. METHOD Normal (n = 15), sham-operated (n = 15) and cryptorchid rats (n = 80; distributed into 16 groups of 5 rats/group) were treated for 2, 4 or 8 weeks with either distilled water (10 ml/kg/day), vitamin E (75 mg/kg/day), aqueous or methanolic extract of R. apetalus (12 and 60 mg/kg). Sex organ weights, spermatozoa parameters, testicular proteins, sex hormones, fertility potential, morphometric characteristics of testis and oxidative stress markers were measured. RESULTS CPT significantly (p < 0.05-0.001) decreased testicular and epididymal weights, spermatozoa density, spermatozoa motility, spermatozoa normality, testicular proteins, LH, FSH and testosterone concentrations. In cryptorchid rats, peri-vascular fibrosis significantly increased (p < 0.001), while diameter of the seminiferous tube, germ cell thickness, gestation index and fertility index decreased when compared to control. Additionally, CPT induced oxidative stress by increasing lipid peroxidation and by reducing superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. These alterations were corrected by R. apetalus. For instance, a significantly increase (p < 0.05-0.001) in spermatozoa motility, normality, viability and density after 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment was noticed. R. apetalus also increased (p < 0.05-0.001) testicular proteins, gestation index (90-100%) and fertility index (90-100%), compared to the untreated cryptorchid rats. CONCLUSION R. apetalus boosts fertility potential in cryptorchid rats and could be considered as a promising alternative agent for the management of infertility associated with CPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Désiré Alumeti Munyali
- Research Unit of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology (URPAP), Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
- School of Medicine and Community Health, Université Evangelique en Afrique, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Aimé Césaire Tetsatsi Momo
- Research Unit of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology (URPAP), Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Georges Romeo Bonsou Fozin
- Research Unit of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology (URPAP), Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Patrick Brice Deeh Defo
- Research Unit of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology (URPAP), Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Yannick Petnga Tchatat
- Research Unit of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology (URPAP), Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Boris Lieunang
- Research Unit of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology (URPAP), Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Pierre Watcho
- Research Unit of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology (URPAP), Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
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The relationship between vascular endothelial growth factor and spermatogenesis disturbance in an experimentally-induced unilateral cryptorchidism murine model. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:3605-3613. [PMID: 32347420 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05454-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This study is to explore the relationship between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and pathological changes in cryptorchidism by using murine model of intraperitoneal cryptorchidism with surgical operation. To investigate the relationship between the changes of VEGF expression and heat stress inducing germ cell damage in testicular tissue. Six-week-old ICR male mice were operated to make unilateral cryptorchidism mouse model. Here in our study, a remarkable damaged of germ cells are seen in murine model of unilateral cryptorchidism. And the expression of VEGF was significantly changed in a time dependent way and consistent with the pathological changes of testis, this leading us to conclude that there was a negative correlation between VEGF levels and germ cell damage in unilateral cryptorchidism mouse model. We propose that there is a time dependent decrease of VEGF expression in cryptorchidism and confirm that VEGF is essential in spermatogenesis disorder caused by cryptorchidism and non-obstructive azoospermia.
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