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Sun A, Sheng X, Tang J, Yu Z, Zhang J. Integrated Bioinformatics and Experimental Approaches Identified the Role of NPPA in the Proliferation and the Malignant Behavior of Breast Cancer. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:7876489. [PMID: 34616853 PMCID: PMC8490067 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7876489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the 3rd most common type of malignant tumor worldwide with high heterogeneity, frequent recurrence, and high metastasis tendency. In this study, we aimed to demonstrate the value of extracellular matrix- (ECM-) related genes in breast cancer patients. The overall expression of ECM is assessed with a novel SC3 clustering method, and patients were divided into two clusters with diverse recurrence rate. We established the Cox regression model in breast cancer patients and identified NPPA as an independent prognostic marker. The NPPA expression is downregulated in breast cancer patients, independent of the ER status, PR status, stemness score, and immune infiltrating condition. And we observed the enhanced proliferation, migration, and invasion potential of breast cancer cells after NPPA depletion. Further, we predicted the transcription modulation of NPPA with PROMO and JASPAR. And we further validated the binding of MZF1 to the -318 bp~-452 bp region of the NPPA promoter with chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual luciferase assay. Together, our study identified NPPA as a potential prognostic biomarker for breast cancer patients, whose downregulation is associated with an enhanced malignant behavior of breast cancer cells both in vivo and in vitro and identified the transcription regulation of NPPA by MZF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijun Sun
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Road 138, Nanjing 210023, China
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Oncological Surgery, Xuzhou Medical College Affiliated Huaian Hospital, Huaihai South Road 62#, Huaian, Jiangsu 223001, China
| | - Xiaonan Sheng
- Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 1630 Dongfang Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jinhai Tang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Xianlin Road 138, Nanjing 210023, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zhenfeng Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Fengxian Central Hospital, 6600 NanFeng Road, 201499, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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Yuzhalin AE. Parallels between the extracellular matrix roles in developmental biology and cancer biology. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 128:90-102. [PMID: 34556419 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Interaction of a tumor with its microenvironment is an emerging field of investigation, and the crosstalk between cancer cells and the extracellular matrix is of particular interest, since cancer patients with abundant and stiff extracellular matrices display a poorer prognosis. At the post-juvenile stage, the extracellular matrix plays predominantly a structural role by providing support to cells and tissues; however, during development, matrix proteins exert a plethora of diverse signals to guide the movement and determine the fate of pluripotent cells. Taking a closer look at the communication between the extracellular matrix and cells of a developing body may bring new insights into cancer biology and identify cancer weaknesses. This review discusses parallels between the extracellular matrix roles during development and tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arseniy E Yuzhalin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Kim MS, Ha SE, Wu M, Zogg H, Ronkon CF, Lee MY, Ro S. Extracellular Matrix Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179185. [PMID: 34502094 PMCID: PMC8430714 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular microenvironment composition and changes therein play an extremely important role in cancer development. Changes in the extracellular matrix (ECM), which constitutes a majority of the tumor stroma, significantly contribute to the development of the tumor microenvironment. These alterations within the ECM and formation of the tumor microenvironment ultimately lead to tumor development, invasion, and metastasis. The ECM is composed of various molecules such as collagen, elastin, laminin, fibronectin, and the MMPs that cleave these protein fibers and play a central role in tissue remodeling. When healthy cells undergo an insult like DNA damage and become cancerous, if the ECM does not support these neoplastic cells, further development, invasion, and metastasis fail to occur. Therefore, ECM-related cancer research is indispensable, and ECM components can be useful biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets. Colorectal cancer specifically, is also affected by the ECM and many studies have been conducted to unravel the complex association between the two. Here we summarize the importance of several ECM components in colorectal cancer as well as their potential roles as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Seob Kim
- Department of Physiology, Digestive Disease Research Institute and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (M.-S.K.); (M.W.)
| | - Se-Eun Ha
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA; (S.-E.H.); (H.Z.); (C.F.R.)
| | - Moxin Wu
- Department of Physiology, Digestive Disease Research Institute and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (M.-S.K.); (M.W.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - Hannah Zogg
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA; (S.-E.H.); (H.Z.); (C.F.R.)
| | - Charles F. Ronkon
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA; (S.-E.H.); (H.Z.); (C.F.R.)
| | - Moon-Young Lee
- Department of Physiology, Digestive Disease Research Institute and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Korea; (M.-S.K.); (M.W.)
- Correspondence: (M.-Y.L.); (S.R.)
| | - Seungil Ro
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA; (S.-E.H.); (H.Z.); (C.F.R.)
- Correspondence: (M.-Y.L.); (S.R.)
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Saint A, Van Obberghen-Schilling E. The role of the tumor matrix environment in progression of head and neck cancer. Curr Opin Oncol 2021; 33:168-174. [PMID: 33720067 DOI: 10.1097/cco.0000000000000730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) tissue is composed of multiple cell types embedded in an extracellular matrix (ECM) that actively participates in disease progression, spread and treatment response. In this review, we provide an update of our current knowledge about the ECM landscape of HNSCC, its functions, methods of analysis, and nonimmunological stromal targeting strategies that modify the tumor ECM to improve conventional and emerging therapies. RECENT FINDINGS The tumor ECM differs significantly from that of normal tissue in abundance, composition, organization and mechanical properties. In HNSCC, signaling between malignant epithelial cells and stromal cells prompts the upregulation of a set of ECM components that serve as substrates for carcinoma cell migration, modulate the cytokine environment and promote immune evasion in these tumors. Advanced imaging techniques and molecular profiling at the single-cell level have provided valuable insights into our understanding of the tumor ECM and its role in malignancy, and opened new avenues for predictive and potentially actionable biomarker discovery for more effective management of the disease. SUMMARY ECM components upregulated in HNSCC can impact several cancer hallmarks by sustaining proliferative signaling, promoting angiogenesis, facilitating invasion and metastasis, modulating growth suppressor activity, and suppressing antitumoral immunity. The tumor ECM is also involved in treatment resistance, making it a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélique Saint
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, iBV.,Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
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Mohiuddin E, Wakimoto H. Extracellular matrix in glioblastoma: opportunities for emerging therapeutic approaches. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:3742-3754. [PMID: 34522446 PMCID: PMC8414390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix is a complex network of macromolecules that constitute a microenvironment of normal tissues and malignancies such as the primary brain tumor glioblastoma (GBM). The unique composition of the GBM ECM, compared with the brain, contributes to angiogenesis, invasion, and therapeutic resistance of GBM. On the other hand, components of tumor ECM and related aberrant signaling pathways offer opportunities for various therapeutic strategies that are under active investigations. Here we provide a comprehensive overview of emerging therapeutic approaches for GBM that target or utilize its unique ECM via antibodies or ligands, RNA interference, pharmacological agents and modification of ECM molecules. Furthermore, drug-loaded nanoparticles displaying ECM-directed antibodies or peptides enable tumor selective delivery of the payload. As an in vitro research platform, 3D tumor cell culture incorporating ECM can advance our understanding of tumor-ECM interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enaya Mohiuddin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Hiroaki Wakimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Fejza A, Polano M, Camicia L, Poletto E, Carobolante G, Toffoli G, Mongiat M, Andreuzzi E. The Efficacy of Anti-PD-L1 Treatment in Melanoma Is Associated with the Expression of the ECM Molecule EMILIN2. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147511. [PMID: 34299131 PMCID: PMC8306837 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors has revolutionized the treatment of melanoma patients, leading to remarkable improvements in the cure. However, to ensure a safe and effective treatment, there is the need to develop markers to identify the patients that would most likely respond to the therapies. The microenvironment is gaining attention in this context, since it can regulate both the immunotherapy efficacyand angiogenesis, which is known to be affected by treatment. Here, we investigated the putative role of the ECM molecule EMILIN-2, a tumor suppressive and pro-angiogenic molecule. We verified that the EMILIN2 expression is variable among melanoma patients and is associated with the response to PD-L1 inhibitors. Consistently, in preclinical settings, the absence of EMILIN-2 is associated with higher PD-L1 expression and increased immunotherapy efficacy. We verified that EMILIN-2 modulates PD-L1 expression in melanoma cells through indirect immune-dependent mechanisms. Notably, upon PD-L1 blockage, Emilin2−/− mice displayed improved intra-tumoral vessel normalization and decreased tumor hypoxia. Finally, we provide evidence indicating that the inclusion of EMILIN2 in a number of gene expression signatures improves their predictive potential, a further indication that the analysis of this molecule may be key for the development of new markers to predict immunotherapy efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albina Fejza
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Department of Research and Diagnosis, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (A.F.); (L.C.); (E.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Maurizio Polano
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (M.P.); (G.T.)
| | - Lucrezia Camicia
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Department of Research and Diagnosis, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (A.F.); (L.C.); (E.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Evelina Poletto
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Department of Research and Diagnosis, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (A.F.); (L.C.); (E.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Greta Carobolante
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Department of Research and Diagnosis, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (A.F.); (L.C.); (E.P.); (G.C.)
| | - Giuseppe Toffoli
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (M.P.); (G.T.)
| | - Maurizio Mongiat
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Department of Research and Diagnosis, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (A.F.); (L.C.); (E.P.); (G.C.)
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (E.A.)
| | - Eva Andreuzzi
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Department of Research and Diagnosis, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (A.F.); (L.C.); (E.P.); (G.C.)
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (E.A.)
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Ray SK, Mukherjee S. Consequences of Extracellular Matrix Remodeling in Headway and Metastasis of Cancer along with Novel Immunotherapies: A Great Promise for Future Endeavor. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:1257-1271. [PMID: 34254930 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210712090017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tissues are progressively molded by bidirectional correspondence between denizen cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) via cell-matrix connections along with ECM remodeling. The composition and association of ECM are spatiotemporally directed to control cell conduct and differentiation; however, dysregulation of ECM dynamics prompts the development of diseases, for example, cancer. Emerging information demonstrates that hypoxia may have decisive roles in metastasis. In addition, the sprawling nature of neoplastic cells and chaotic angiogenesis are increasingly influencing microcirculation as well as altering the concentration of oxygen. In various regions of the tumor microenvironment, hypoxia, an essential player in the multistep phase of cancer metastasis, is necessary. Hypoxia can be turned into an advantage for selective cancer therapy because it is much more severe in tumors than in normal tissues. Cellular matrix gives signaling cues that control cell behavior and organize cells' elements in tissue development and homeostasis. The interplay between intrinsic factors of cancer cells themselves, including their genotype and signaling networks, and extrinsic factors of tumor stroma, for example, ECM and ECM remodeling, together decide the destiny and behavior of tumor cells. Tumor matrix encourages the development, endurance, and invasion of neoplastic and immune cell activities to drive metastasis and debilitate treatment. Incipient evidence recommends essential parts of tumor ECM segments and their remodeling in controlling each progression of the cancer-immunity cycle. Scientists have discovered that tumor matrix dynamics as well as matrix remodeling in perspective to anti-tumor immune reactions are especially important for matrix-based biomarkers recognition and followed by immunotherapy and targeting specific drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Kumar Ray
- Department of Applied Sciences, Indira Gandhi Technological and Medical Sciences University, India
| | - Sukhes Mukherjee
- Department of Biochemistry. All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal, Madhya pradesh-462020, India
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Wu H, Fu X, Zhai Y, Gao S, Yang X, Zhai G. Development of Effective Tumor Vaccine Strategies Based on Immune Response Cascade Reactions. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100299. [PMID: 34021717 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
To solve the problems of high toxicity and poor efficacy of existing tumor treatment methods, researchers have developed a variety of tumor immunotherapies. Among them, tumor vaccines activate antigen-presenting cells and T lymphocytes upstream of the cancer-immunity cycle are considered the most promising therapy to activate the immune system. Nanocarriers are considered the most promising tumor vaccine delivery vehicles, including polymer nanocarriers, lipid nanocarriers, inorganic nanocarriers, and biomimetic nanocarriers that have been developed for vaccine delivery. Based on the cascade reaction for tumor vaccines to exert their effects, this review summarizes the four key factors for the design and construction of nano-tumor vaccines. The composition and functional characteristics of the corresponding preferred nanocarriers are illustrated to provide a reference for the development of effective tumor vaccines. Finally, potential challenges and perspectives are illustrated in the hope of improving the efficacy of tumor vaccine immunotherapy and accelerating the clinical transformation of next-generation tumor vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology Ministry of Education Shandong University Jinan 250012 China
| | - Xianglei Fu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology Ministry of Education Shandong University Jinan 250012 China
| | - Yujia Zhai
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry University of Utah Salt Lake City UT 84124 USA
| | - Shan Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology Ministry of Education Shandong University Jinan 250012 China
| | - Xiaoye Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology Ministry of Education Shandong University Jinan 250012 China
| | - Guangxi Zhai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology Ministry of Education Shandong University Jinan 250012 China
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Yin W, Zhu H, Tan J, Xin Z, Zhou Q, Cao Y, Wu Z, Wang L, Zhao M, Jiang X, Ren C, Tang G. Identification of collagen genes related to immune infiltration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in glioma. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:276. [PMID: 34034744 PMCID: PMC8147444 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01982-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gliomas account for the majority of fatal primary brain tumors, and there is much room for research in the underlying pathogenesis, the multistep progression of glioma, and how to improve survival. In our study, we aimed to identify potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets of glioma and study the mechanism underlying the tumor progression. Methods We downloaded the microarray datasets (GSE43378 and GSE7696) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Then, we used weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to screen potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets related to the tumor progression. ESTIMATE (Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in MAlignant Tumors using Expression data) algorithm and TIMER (Tumor Immune Estimation Resource) database were used to analyze the correlation between the selected genes and the tumor microenvironment. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to measure the selected gene. Transwell and wound healing assays were used to measure the cell migration and invasion capacity. Western blotting was used to test the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related markers. Results We identified specific module genes that were positively correlated with the WHO grade but negatively correlated with OS of glioma. Importantly, we identified that 6 collagen genes (COL1A1, COL1A2, COL3A1, COL4A1, COL4A2, and COL5A2) could regulate the immunosuppressive microenvironment of glioma. Moreover, we found that these collagen genes were significantly involved in the EMT process of glioma. Finally, taking COL3A1 as a further research object, the results showed that knockdown of COL3A1 significantly inhibited the migration, invasion, and EMT process of SHG44 and A172 cells. Conclusions In summary, our study demonstrated that collagen genes play an important role in regulating the immunosuppressive microenvironment and EMT process of glioma and could serve as potential therapeutic targets for glioma management. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-01982-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, China
| | - Hecheng Zhu
- Changsha Kexin Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410205, China
| | - Jun Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, China
| | - Zhaoqi Xin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, China
| | - Quanwei Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, China
| | - Yudong Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, China
| | - Zhaoping Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, The Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis of Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Changsha Kexin Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410205, China
| | - Xingjun Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, China.
| | - Caiping Ren
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, The Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis of Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guihua Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The first affiliated hospital of Hunan Normal University, The college of clinical medicine of Human Normal University), Changsha, Hunan Province, 410005, China.
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Monteiro I, Missiaglia E, Sciarra A, Santos JV, Bouilly J, Romero P, Sempoux C, de Leval L. CD73 expression in normal, hyperplastic, and neoplastic thyroid: a systematic evaluation revealing CD73 overexpression as a feature of papillary carcinomas. Virchows Arch 2021; 479:209-214. [PMID: 34019179 PMCID: PMC8298324 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-021-03100-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
CD73 converts AMP to adenosine, an immunosuppressive metabolite that promotes tumorigenesis. This study presents a systematic evaluation of CD73 expression in benign, hyperplastic, and neoplastic thyroid. CD73 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 142 thyroid samples. CD73 was expressed in normal thyroid (3/6) and goiter (5/6), with an apical pattern and mild intensity. Apical and mild CD73 expression was also present in oncocytic cell adenomas/carcinomas (9/10; 5/8) and in follicular adenomas/carcinomas (12/18; 23/27). In contrast, papillary thyroid carcinomas featured extensive and intense CD73 staining (49/50) (vs. normal thyroid/goiter, p < 0.001). Seven of nine anaplastic carcinomas were CD73-positive with heterogeneous extensiveness of staining. Medullary and poorly differentiated carcinomas were mostly CD73-negative (1/6; 2/2). These results were corroborated by NT5E mRNA profiling. Papillary carcinomas feature enhanced CD73 protein and mRNA expression with distinct and intense staining, more pronounced in the invasive fronts of the tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Monteiro
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 25, CH-1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Edoardo Missiaglia
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 25, CH-1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Amedeo Sciarra
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 25, CH-1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Histopathology, Central Institute, Valais Hospital, Sion, Switzerland
| | - João Vasco Santos
- MEDCIDS - Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS - Centre for Health Technology and Services Research, Porto, Portugal
- Public Health Unit, ACES Grande Porto VIII - Espinho/Gaia, ARS Norte, Espinho, Portugal
| | - Justine Bouilly
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 25, CH-1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Romero
- Department of Fundamental Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Christine Sempoux
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 25, CH-1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurence de Leval
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 25, CH-1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Bartlett AQ, Pennock ND, Klug A, Schedin P. Immune Milieu Established by Postpartum Liver Involution Promotes Breast Cancer Liver Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1698. [PMID: 33916683 PMCID: PMC8038410 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In rodents, we identified a physiologic process within the normal liver that creates a pre-metastatic niche. This physiology is weaning-induced liver involution, characterized by hepatocyte cell death, immune influx, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Here, using weaning-induced liver involution as a model of a physiologically regulated pro-metastatic niche, we investigate how liver involution supports breast cancer metastasis. Liver metastases were induced in BALB/c immune competent hosts by portal vein injection of D2OR (low metastatic) or D2A1 (high metastatic) mouse mammary tumor cells. Tumor incidence and multiplicity increased in involution hosts with no evidence of a proliferation advantage. D2OR tumor cell extravasation, seeding, and early survival were not enhanced in the involuting group compared to the nulliparous group. Rather, the involution metastatic advantage was observed at 14 days post tumor cell injection. This metastatic advantage associated with induction of immune tolerance in the involution host liver, reproductive state dependent intra-tumoral immune composition, and CD8-dependent suppression of metastases in nulliparous hosts. Our findings suggest that the normal postpartum liver is in an immune suppressed state, which can provide a pro-metastatic advantage to circulating breast cancer cells. Potential relevance to women is suggested as a postpartum diagnosis of breast cancer is an independent predictor of liver metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Q. Bartlett
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (A.Q.B.); (N.D.P.); (A.K.)
| | - Nathan D. Pennock
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (A.Q.B.); (N.D.P.); (A.K.)
| | - Alex Klug
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (A.Q.B.); (N.D.P.); (A.K.)
| | - Pepper Schedin
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; (A.Q.B.); (N.D.P.); (A.K.)
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97201, USA
- Young Women’s Breast Cancer Translational Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Wu P, Gao W, Su M, Nice EC, Zhang W, Lin J, Xie N. Adaptive Mechanisms of Tumor Therapy Resistance Driven by Tumor Microenvironment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:641469. [PMID: 33732706 PMCID: PMC7957022 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.641469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a disease which frequently has a poor prognosis. Although multiple therapeutic strategies have been developed for various cancers, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy, resistance to these treatments frequently impedes the clinical outcomes. Besides the active resistance driven by genetic and epigenetic alterations in tumor cells, the tumor microenvironment (TME) has also been reported to be a crucial regulator in tumorigenesis, progression, and resistance. Here, we propose that the adaptive mechanisms of tumor resistance are closely connected with the TME rather than depending on non-cell-autonomous changes in response to clinical treatment. Although the comprehensive understanding of adaptive mechanisms driven by the TME need further investigation to fully elucidate the mechanisms of tumor therapeutic resistance, many clinical treatments targeting the TME have been successful. In this review, we report on recent advances concerning the molecular events and important factors involved in the TME, particularly focusing on the contributions of the TME to adaptive resistance, and provide insights into potential therapeutic methods or translational medicine targeting the TME to overcome resistance to therapy in clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijie Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Miao Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Edouard C. Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Na Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
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