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Di Bartolomeo A, Giubileo F, Grillo A, Luongo G, Iemmo L, Urban F, Lozzi L, Capista D, Nardone M, Passacantando M. Bias Tunable Photocurrent in Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor Heterostructures with Photoresponse Enhanced by Carbon Nanotubes. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9111598. [PMID: 31717979 PMCID: PMC6915357 DOI: 10.3390/nano9111598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Metal-insulator-semiconductor-insulator-metal (MISIM) heterostructures, with rectifying current-voltage characteristics and photosensitivity in the visible and near-infrared spectra, are fabricated and studied. It is shown that the photocurrent can be enhanced by adding a multi-walled carbon nanotube film in the contact region to achieve a responsivity higher than 100 mA W - 1 under incandescent light of 0.1 mW cm - 2 . The optoelectrical characteristics of the MISIM heterostructures are investigated at lower and higher biases and are explained by a band model based on two asymmetric back-to-back Schottky barriers. The forward current of the heterojunctions is due to majority-carrier injection over the lower barrier, while the reverse current exhibits two different conduction regimes corresponding to the diffusion of thermal/photo generated carriers and majority-carrier tunneling through the higher Schottky barrier. The two conduction regimes in reverse bias generate two plateaus, over which the photocurrent increases linearly with the light intensity that endows the detector with bias-controlled photocurrent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Di Bartolomeo
- Physics Department “E.R. Caianiello”, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy; (A.G.); (G.L.); (L.I.); (F.U.)
- CNR-SPIN Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Filippo Giubileo
- CNR-SPIN Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Grillo
- Physics Department “E.R. Caianiello”, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy; (A.G.); (G.L.); (L.I.); (F.U.)
- CNR-SPIN Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Luongo
- Physics Department “E.R. Caianiello”, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy; (A.G.); (G.L.); (L.I.); (F.U.)
- CNR-SPIN Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Laura Iemmo
- Physics Department “E.R. Caianiello”, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy; (A.G.); (G.L.); (L.I.); (F.U.)
- CNR-SPIN Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Francesca Urban
- Physics Department “E.R. Caianiello”, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy; (A.G.); (G.L.); (L.I.); (F.U.)
- CNR-SPIN Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Luca Lozzi
- Department of Physical and Chemical Science, University of L’Aquila, via Vetoio, 67100 Coppito, L’Aquila, Italy; (L.L.); (D.C.); (M.N.); (M.P.)
| | - Daniele Capista
- Department of Physical and Chemical Science, University of L’Aquila, via Vetoio, 67100 Coppito, L’Aquila, Italy; (L.L.); (D.C.); (M.N.); (M.P.)
| | - Michele Nardone
- Department of Physical and Chemical Science, University of L’Aquila, via Vetoio, 67100 Coppito, L’Aquila, Italy; (L.L.); (D.C.); (M.N.); (M.P.)
| | - Maurizio Passacantando
- Department of Physical and Chemical Science, University of L’Aquila, via Vetoio, 67100 Coppito, L’Aquila, Italy; (L.L.); (D.C.); (M.N.); (M.P.)
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Nanovectors Design for Theranostic Applications in Colorectal Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:2740923. [PMID: 31662751 PMCID: PMC6791220 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2740923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a diffused disease with limited therapeutic options, none of which are often curative. Based on the molecular markers and targets expressed by the affected tissues, numerous novel approaches have been developed to study and treat this disease. In particular, the field of nanotechnology offers an astonishingly wide array of innovative nanovectors with high versatility and adaptability for both diagnosis and therapy (the so called “theranostic platforms”). However, such complexity can make the selection of a specific nanocarrier model to study a perplexing endeavour for the biomedical scientist or clinician not familiar with this field of inquiry. This review offers a comprehensive overview of this wide body of knowledge, in order to outline the essential requirements for the clinical viability evaluation of a nanovector model in CRC. In particular, the differences among the foremost designs, their specific advantages, and technological caveats will be treated, never forgetting the ultimate endpoint for these systems development: the clinical practice.
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