|
51
|
Gonçalves AC, Costa AR, Flores-Félix JD, Falcão A, Alves G, Silva LR. Anti-Inflammatory and Antiproliferative Properties of Sweet Cherry Phenolic-Rich Extracts. Molecules 2022; 27:268. [PMID: 35011501 PMCID: PMC8747005 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cherries have largely been investigated due to their high content in phenolics in order to fully explore their health-promoting properties. Therefore, this work aimed to assess, for the first time, the anti-inflammatory potential of phenolic-targeted fractions of the Saco cherry, using RAW 264.7 macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. Additionally, the cytotoxic effects on gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS), neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) and normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) cells were evaluated, as well as the ability to protect these cellular models against induced oxidative stress. The obtained data revealed that cherry fractions can interfere with cellular nitric oxide (NO) levels by capturing NO radicals and decreasing inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 expression. Furthermore, it was observed that all cherry fractions exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity against AGS cells, presenting cytotoxic selectivity for these cancer cells when compared to SH-SY5Y and NHDF cells. Regarding their capacity to protect cancer cells against oxidative injury, in most assays, the total cherry extract was the most effective. Overall, this study reinforces the idea that sweet cherries can be incorporated into new pharmaceutical products, smart foods and nutraceuticals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana C. Gonçalves
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (A.R.C.); (J.D.F.-F.); (G.A.)
- CIBIT—Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Ana R. Costa
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (A.R.C.); (J.D.F.-F.); (G.A.)
| | - José D. Flores-Félix
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (A.R.C.); (J.D.F.-F.); (G.A.)
| | - Amílcar Falcão
- CIBIT—Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Gilberto Alves
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (A.R.C.); (J.D.F.-F.); (G.A.)
| | - Luís R. Silva
- CICS-UBI—Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal; (A.C.G.); (A.R.C.); (J.D.F.-F.); (G.A.)
- CPIRN-UDI/IPG, Center of Potential and Innovation of Natural Resources, Research Unit for Inland Development (UDI), Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
|
52
|
Squillaci G, Zannella C, Carbone V, Minasi P, Folliero V, Stelitano D, Cara FL, Galdiero M, Franci G, Morana A. Grape Canes from Typical Cultivars of Campania (Southern Italy) as a Source of High-Value Bioactive Compounds: Phenolic Profile, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities. Molecules 2021; 26:2746. [PMID: 34067026 PMCID: PMC8125794 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to determine the phenolic composition, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities in grape cane extracts from typical cultivars of Southern Italy. Aqueous extracts at different pHs (1-13) were prepared from "Aglianico", "Fiano", and "Greco" grape canes. The results demonstrated that an alkaline pH (13.00) produced the best polyphenol-rich extracts, as the total phenolic content was more than double when compared to the respective extracts prepared at pH 1.00. "Greco" grape canes gave the highest quantity of phenolic compounds at each pH, ranging from 42.7 ± 0.4 to 104.3 ± 3.0 mg Gallic Acid Equivalents (GAE)/g Dry Extract (DE) from pH 1.00 to 13.00. The Radical Scavenging Activity (RSA) and the Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) were measured. The highest antioxidant activity was showed by "Greco" extract at pH 7.00. Seventy-five compounds were identified in the extracts by HPLC-MS with six of them described for the first time in grape canes. Procyanidins were highly abundant in extracts at pH 7.00, whereas stilbenoids were the most represented compounds at pH 13.00. Very strong antiviral activity against herpes simplex viruses was recorded for the extracts at pH 7.00 and 13.00 that were active in the early stages of infection by acting directly against the viral particles. The overall results suggest that grape canes, currently underutilized, can be usefully valorised by providing active extracts to use as antioxidant and antiviral agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Squillaci
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council of Italy, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.S.); (F.L.C.); (A.M.)
| | - Carla Zannella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.Z.); (V.F.); (D.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Virginia Carbone
- Proteomic and Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Center, Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council of Italy, Via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy; (V.C.); (P.M.)
| | - Paola Minasi
- Proteomic and Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Center, Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council of Italy, Via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy; (V.C.); (P.M.)
| | - Veronica Folliero
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.Z.); (V.F.); (D.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Debora Stelitano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.Z.); (V.F.); (D.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Francesco La Cara
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council of Italy, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.S.); (F.L.C.); (A.M.)
| | - Massimiliano Galdiero
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy; (C.Z.); (V.F.); (D.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Gianluigi Franci
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, Italy
| | - Alessandra Morana
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council of Italy, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy; (G.S.); (F.L.C.); (A.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
|
53
|
Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidants, and Health Benefits of Sweet Potato Leaves. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26071820. [PMID: 33804903 PMCID: PMC8038024 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is one of the most important food crops worldwide and its leaves provide a dietary source of nutrients and various bioactive compounds. These constituents of sweet potato leaves (SPL) vary among varieties and play important roles in treating and preventing various diseases. Recently, more attentions in health-promoting benefits have led to several in vitro and in vivo investigations, as well as the identification and quantification of bioactive compounds in SPL. Among them, many new compounds have been reported as the first identified compounds from SPL with their dominant bioactivities. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the bioactive compositions of SPL and their health benefits. Since SPL serve as a potential source of micronutrients and functional compounds, they can be further developed as a sustainable crop for food and medicinal industries.
Collapse
|