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Li L, Liu T, Gu Y, Wang X, Xie R, Sun Y, Wang B, Cao H. Regulation of gut microbiota-bile acids axis by probiotics in inflammatory bowel disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:974305. [PMID: 36211363 PMCID: PMC9539765 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.974305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by chronic and relapsing inflammation of gastrointestinal tract, with steadily increased incidence and prevalence worldwide. Although the precise pathogenesis remains unclear, gut microbiota, bile acids (BAs), and aberrant immune response play essential roles in the development of IBD. Lately, gut dysbiosis including certain decreased beneficial bacteria and increased pathogens and aberrant BAs metabolism have been reported in IBD. The bacteria inhabited in human gut have critical functions in BA biotransformation. Patients with active IBD have elevated primary and conjugated BAs and decreased secondary BAs, accompanied by the impaired transformation activities (mainly deconjugation and 7α-dehydroxylation) of gut microbiota. Probiotics have exhibited certain positive effects by different mechanisms in the therapy of IBD. This review discussed the effectiveness of probiotics in certain clinical and animal model studies that might involve in gut microbiota-BAs axis. More importantly, the possible mechanisms of probiotics on regulating gut microbiota-BAs axis in IBD were elucidated, which we focused on the elevated gut bacteria containing bile salt hydrolase or BA-inducible enzymes at genus/species level that might participate in the BA biotransformation. Furthermore, beneficial effects exerted by activation of BA-activated receptors on intestinal immunity were also summarized, which might partially explain the protect effects and mechanisms of probiotics on IBD. Therefore, this review will provide new insights into a better understanding of probiotics in the therapy targeting gut microbiota-BAs axis of IBD.
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Zhang YL, Li ZJ, Gou HZ, Song XJ, Zhang L. The gut microbiota–bile acid axis: A potential therapeutic target for liver fibrosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:945368. [PMID: 36189347 PMCID: PMC9519863 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.945368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis involves the proliferation and deposition of extracellular matrix on liver tissues owing to various etiologies (including viral, alcohol, immune, and metabolic factors), ultimately leading to structural and functional abnormalities in the liver. If not effectively treated, liver fibrosis, a pivotal stage in the path to chronic liver disease, can progress to cirrhosis and eventually liver cancer; unfortunately, no specific clinical treatment for liver fibrosis has been established to date. In liver fibrosis cases, both the gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism are disrupted. As metabolites of the gut microbiota, bile acids have been linked to the progression of liver fibrosis via various pathways, thus implying that the gut microbiota–bile acid axis might play a critical role in the progression of liver fibrosis and could be a target for its reversal. Therefore, in this review, we examined the involvement of the gut microbiota–bile acid axis in liver fibrosis progression to the end of discovering new targets for the prevention, diagnosis, and therapy of chronic liver diseases, including liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Lin Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Jiao Li
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hong-Zhong Gou
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Song
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Zhang,
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Liu Y, Xu J, Ren X, Zhang Y, Ke Z, Zhou J, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Liu Y. Cholecystectomy-induced secondary bile acids accumulation ameliorates colitis through inhibiting monocyte/macrophage recruitment. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2107387. [PMID: 36050867 PMCID: PMC9450905 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2107387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Although post-cholecystectomy (PC) patients usually have gastrointestinal complications and a higher risk of colorectal cancer, previous studies undetected a heightened risk of inflammatory bowel disease. Thus, we tried to investigate cholecystectomy's impact and pathophysiological mechanism on murine colitis models and clarify the association among fecal bile acids (BAs), mucosal bacterial microbiota, and immune cells in the PC patients. One month or three months after cholecystectomy, mice have induced colitis and tested BAs and fecal microbiota analysis. Next, mice were treated with various cholecystectomy-accumulated bile acids in drinking water for three months before inducing colitis. All 14 paired PC patients and healthy subjects were enrolled for BAs and mucosal microbiota analysis. Cholecystectomy ameliorated DSS-induced murine colitis, accelerated mucosal repair, and induced a significant shifting of fecal microbiota and BAs profiles under colitis status, which featured a higher relative abundance of species involved in BAs metabolism and increased secondary BAs concentrations. Cholecystectomy-associated secondary BAs (LCA, DCA, and HDCA) also ameliorated DSS-induced colitis and accelerated mucosal repair in mice. Cholecystectomy and specific secondary BAs treatments inhibited monocytes/macrophages recruitment in colitis mice. In vitro, cholecystectomy-associated secondary BAs also downregulated monocytes chemokines in the THP-1 derived macrophages through activation of the LXRα-linked signaling pathway. The alterations of mucosal microbiota and fecal BAs profiles were found in the PC patients, characterized as increased species with potential immuno-modulating effects and secondary BAs, which were negatively associated with peripheral monocytes levels. Cholecystectomy-induced secondary bile acids accumulation ameliorated colitis through inhibiting monocyte/macrophage recruitment, which might be mediated by the LXRα-related signaling pathway. Cholecystectomy, after 3 months follow-up, has an immune-regulatory role in murine colitis, preliminarily explaining that no increased risk of IBD had been reported in the PC patients, which still warrants further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China,Clinical Center of Immune-Mediated Digestive Diseases, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China,Clinical Center of Immune-Mediated Digestive Diseases, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinhua Ren
- Center of Liver Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China,Clinical Center of Immune-Mediated Digestive Diseases, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ziliang Ke
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China,Clinical Center of Immune-Mediated Digestive Diseases, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhua Zhou
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology & Central Laboratory, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China,Clinical Center of Immune-Mediated Digestive Diseases, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China,Clinical Center of Immune-Mediated Digestive Diseases, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yulan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China,Clinical Center of Immune-Mediated Digestive Diseases, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China,CONTACT Yulan Liu Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
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Viswanath K, Hayes M, Avni D. Inflammatory bowel disease - A peek into the bacterial community shift and algae-based ‘biotic’ approach to combat the disease. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Zeng J, Wang X, Pan F, Mao Z. The relationship between Parkinson's disease and gastrointestinal diseases. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:955919. [PMID: 36034146 PMCID: PMC9399652 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.955919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of studies have provided evidence for the hypothesis that the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) may derive from the gut. Firstly, Lewy pathology can be induced in the enteric nervous system (ENS) and be transported to the central nervous system (CNS) via the vagal nerve. Secondly, the altered composition of gut microbiota causes an imbalance between beneficial and deleterious microbial metabolites which interacts with the increased gut permeability and the gut inflammation as well as the systemic inflammation. The activated inflammatory status then affects the CNS and promotes the pathology of PD. Given the above-mentioned findings, researchers start to pay attention to the connection between PD and gastrointestinal diseases including irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), microscopic colitis (MC), gastrointestinal infections, gastrointestinal neoplasms, and colonic diverticular disease (CDD). This review focuses on the association between PD and gastrointestinal diseases as well as the pathogenesis of PD from the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Xinchan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Medical School of Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fei Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqi Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Xiao F, Dong F, Li X, Li Y, Yu G, Liu Z, Wang Y, Zhang T. Bifidobacterium longum CECT 7894 Improves the Efficacy of Infliximab for DSS-Induced Colitis via Regulating the Gut Microbiota and Bile Acid Metabolism. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:902337. [PMID: 35979230 PMCID: PMC9376241 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.902337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Recent evidence suggests that the changes in gut microbiota and its metabolites could predict the clinical response of anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agents, such as infliximab (IFX). However, whether manipulation of the gut microbiota can enhance the efficacy of anti-TNF agents remains unclear. Here, we aim to evaluate the effect of a probiotic strain, Bifidobacterium longum (B. longum) CECT 7894, on IFX efficacy for dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice and attempt to explore the potential involved mechanisms. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were treated with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or B. longum CECT 7894 (5 × 108 CFU/day) once daily by gavage for 5 days and subsequently induced acute colitis by 3% (w/v) DSS in drinking water. The efficacies of IFX combined with or without B. longum CECT 7894 were assessed by weight loss, fecal consistency, colon length, and histopathological changes. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to examine the expression of tight junction proteins (TJPs) in colonic tissues. The microbiota composition was characterized through 16 S rRNA gene sequencing. Fecal bile acids (BAs) levels were analyzed by targeted metabolomics. Results:B. longum CECT 7894 improved the efficacy of IFX for DSS-induced colitis as evidenced by decreased weight loss, disease activity index (DAI) scores, colon length shortening, histological damage, increased ZO-1, and Occludin expressions as compared with mice that received IFX only. B. longum CECT 7894 modified the composition and structure of the gut microbiota community in DSS-induced colitis mice. B. longum CECT 7894 increased the relative abundances of genera Bifidobacterium, Blautia, Butyricicoccus, Clostridium, Coprococcus, Gemmiger, and Parabacterioides, and reduced the relative abundances of bacteria genera Enterococcus and Pseudomonas. Furthermore, B. longum CECT 7894 changed the BAs metabolism by increasing the abundance of secondary BAs, such as a-MCA, ß-MCA, LCA, CDCA, UDCA, HCA, isoLCA, isoalloLCA. The covariance analysis revealed the upregulated secondary BAs were positively associated with the increased abundance of bacteria that contained bile salt hydrolases (BSH) and 7α-dehydroxylases genes. Conclusion:B. longum CECT 7894 improved the efficacy of IFX for DSS-induced colitis via regulating the gut microbiota composition and bile acid metabolism. Probiotics supplementation may provide a possibility to improve the clinical response of anti-TNF agents in IBD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfei Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Youran Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangjun Yu
- Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Research Center, Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhanju Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yizhong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Research Center, Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yizhong Wang, ; Ting Zhang,
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Research Center, Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yizhong Wang, ; Ting Zhang,
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Guo X, Okpara ES, Hu W, Yan C, Wang Y, Liang Q, Chiang JYL, Han S. Interactive Relationships between Intestinal Flora and Bile Acids. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:8343. [PMID: 35955473 PMCID: PMC9368770 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The digestive tract is replete with complex and diverse microbial communities that are important for the regulation of multiple pathophysiological processes in humans and animals, particularly those involved in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis, immunity, inflammation, and tumorigenesis. The diversity of bile acids is a result of the joint efforts of host and intestinal microflora. There is a bidirectional relationship between the microbial community of the intestinal tract and bile acids in that, while the microbial flora tightly modulates the metabolism and synthesis of bile acids, the bile acid pool and composition affect the diversity and the homeostasis of the intestinal flora. Homeostatic imbalances of bile acid and intestinal flora systems may lead to the development of a variety of diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), colorectal cancer (CRC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The interactions between bile acids and intestinal flora may be (in)directly involved in the pathogenesis of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China; (X.G.); (E.S.O.); (C.Y.)
| | - Edozie Samuel Okpara
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China; (X.G.); (E.S.O.); (C.Y.)
| | - Wanting Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Beijing Key Lab of Microanalytical Methods & Instrumentation, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (W.H.); (Y.W.); (Q.L.)
| | - Chuyun Yan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China; (X.G.); (E.S.O.); (C.Y.)
| | - Yu Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Beijing Key Lab of Microanalytical Methods & Instrumentation, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (W.H.); (Y.W.); (Q.L.)
| | - Qionglin Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Beijing Key Lab of Microanalytical Methods & Instrumentation, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (W.H.); (Y.W.); (Q.L.)
| | - John Y. L. Chiang
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Shuxin Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China; (X.G.); (E.S.O.); (C.Y.)
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Vasquez R, Oh JK, Song JH, Kang DK. Gut microbiome-produced metabolites in pigs: a review on their
biological functions and the influence of probiotics. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022; 64:671-695. [PMID: 35969697 PMCID: PMC9353353 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2022.e58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is a complex ecosystem that contains a large number of
microorganisms with different metabolic capacities. Modulation of the gut
microbiome can improve the growth and promote health in pigs. Crosstalk between
the host, diet, and the gut microbiome can influence the health of the host,
potentially through the production of several metabolites with various
functions. Short-chain and branched-chain fatty acids, secondary bile acids,
polyamines, indoles, and phenolic compounds are metabolites produced by the gut
microbiome. The gut microbiome can also produce neurotransmitters (such as
γ-aminobutyric acid, catecholamines, and serotonin), their precursors,
and vitamins. Several studies in pigs have demonstrated the importance of the
gut microbiome and its metabolites in improving growth performance and feed
efficiency, alleviating stress, and providing protection from pathogens. The use
of probiotics is one of the strategies employed to target the gut microbiome of
pigs. Promising results have been published on the use of probiotics in
optimizing pig production. This review focuses on the role of gut
microbiome-derived metabolites in the performance of pigs and the effects of
probiotics on altering the levels of these metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robie Vasquez
- Department of Animal Resources Science,
Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Ju Kyoung Oh
- Department of Animal Resources Science,
Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Song
- Department of Animal Resources Science,
Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
| | - Dae-Kyung Kang
- Department of Animal Resources Science,
Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea
- Corresponding author: Dae-Kyung Kang,
Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116,
Korea. Tel: +82-41-550-3655, E-mail:
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Li Q, Zhou S, Wang Y, Cong J. Changes of intestinal microbiota and microbiota-based treatments in IBD. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:442. [PMID: 35776212 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03069-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has gained increasing attention from researchers in terms of its pathophysiology as a global disease with a growing incidence. Although the exact etiology of IBD is still unknown currently, various studies have made us realize that it is related to the dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota and the link between the two may not just be a simple causal relationship, but also a dynamic and complicated one. The intestinal microbiota has been confirmed to be closely related to the occurrence, development, and treatment of IBD. Therefore, this review focuses on the changes in the structure, function, and metabolites of intestinal bacteria, fungi, and viruses in influencing IBD, as well as various approaches to IBD treatment by changing disordered intestinal microbiota. Ultimately, more clinical studies will be needed to focus on the efficacy of intestinal microbiota-based treatments in IBD, because of the existence of both advantages and disadvantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyu Li
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu Zhou
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanna Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Cong
- College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, People's Republic of China.
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Kitamoto S, Kamada N. Untangling the oral-gut axis in the pathogenesis of intestinal inflammation. Int Immunol 2022; 34:485-490. [PMID: 35716367 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxac027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing body of literature reveals that host-microbe networks are well-coordinated and impact human health and disease. Recently, it has become evident that an abnormal alteration in bacterial configuration in the oral cavity, namely oral dysbiosis, caused by periodontal inflammation, is associated with various distant inflammatory diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease. However, the extent to which the relationships between oral and distant disorders are merely an association or are causally triggered by oral microorganisms remains debated. In this mini-review, we highlight mechanisms in inter-related organ system diseases , particularly the one between oral and gut inflammation. Further, we discuss clinical perspectives and propose a novel concept of a multi-hit hypothesis in the pathogenesis of gut inflammation, based on our updated knowledge of shared microbiological and immunological pathways between the oral and gut mucosae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Kitamoto
- The World Premier International Research Center (WPI) Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), 1012 IFReC Research Building, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Nobuhiko Kamada
- The World Premier International Research Center (WPI) Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), 1012 IFReC Research Building, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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61
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Pu D, Zhang Z, Feng B. Alterations and Potential Applications of Gut Microbiota in Biological Therapy for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:906419. [PMID: 35734396 PMCID: PMC9207480 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.906419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract that is closely associated with dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota. Currently, biologic agents are the mainstream therapies for IBD. With the increasing incidence of IBD, limitations of biologic agents have gradually emerged during treatment. Recent studies have indicated that gut microbiota is highly correlated with the efficacy of biologic agents. This review focuses on alterations in both the components and metabolites of gut microbiota during biological therapy for IBD, systematically summarises the specific gut microbiota closely related to the clinical efficacy, and compares current predictive models for the efficacy of biologics, further highlighting the predictive value of intestinal microbiota. Based on the mechanistic analysis of faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and biologic agents, a new therapeutic strategy, comprising a combination of FMT and biologics, has been proposed as a promising treatment for IBD with improved efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhe Zhang
- *Correspondence: Zhe Zhang, ; Baisui Feng,
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Wong WY, Chan BD, Sham TT, Lee MML, Chan CO, Chau CT, Mok DKW, Kwan YW, Tai WCS. Lactobacillus casei Strain Shirota Ameliorates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice by Increasing Taurine-Conjugated Bile Acids and Inhibiting NF-κB Signaling via Stabilization of Iκ Bα. Front Nutr 2022; 9:816836. [PMID: 35529468 PMCID: PMC9069136 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.816836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic progressive intestinal inflammatory disease, characterized by an altered gut microbiota composition and accompanying alterations in circulatory bile acids. Increasing evidence supports the beneficial effect of probiotics intake on health. Introduction of probiotics to the intestines can modulate gut microbiota composition and in turn regulate the host immune system and modify the inflammatory response. Probiotics can also improve intestinal barrier function and exhibit a positive impact on host physiological and pathological conditions via gut microbiota-derived metabolites. Previous studies have demonstrated that Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota (LcS) treatment could inhibit clinical manifestation of colitis in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mice, however, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we employed the DSS-induced acute colitis mouse model to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of LcS and related mechanisms. Administration of LcS ameliorated the severity of DSS-induced colitis and enhanced intestinal integrity via induction of mucin-2 and occludin expression in colons. Fecal microbiota analysis showed that LcS increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacterial species in colitic mice, whereas the relative abundance of pathobionts was reduced. Additionally, LcS treatment modulated circulating bile acid profiles in colitic mice. In mice treated with LcS, we identified increased levels of primary taurine-conjugated bile acids, including taurocholic acid (TCA) and taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA). LcS treatment also increased the levels of secondary taurine-conjugated bile acids, including taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA) and tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA). Moreover, LcS treatment exhibited a suppressive effect on the hydroxylated primary bile acids α-muricholic acid (α-MCA) and β-muricholic acid (β-MCA). We further demonstrated that LcS treatment suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and nitric oxide (NO), and increased the expression of the anti-inflammatory mediator interleukin-10 (IL-10) in colon tissues, potentially as a result of altered bile acid profiles. Mechanistically, we showed that LcS treatment suppressed the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling via stabilization of inhibitor of NF-κB alpha (IκBα). Altogether, we have demonstrated the therapeutic effects of LcS in DSS-induced colitis, providing new insights into its effect on bile acid metabolism and the related anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Our findings provide support for the application of LcS in the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing-Yan Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
- The Laboratory for Probiotic and Prebiotic Research in Human Health, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Brandon Dow Chan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
- The Laboratory for Probiotic and Prebiotic Research in Human Health, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tung-Ting Sham
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Magnolia Muk-Lan Lee
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
- The Laboratory for Probiotic and Prebiotic Research in Human Health, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chi-On Chan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chung-Ting Chau
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Daniel Kam-Wah Mok
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, China
- Research Institute for Future Food, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yiu-Wa Kwan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - William Chi-Shing Tai
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
- The Laboratory for Probiotic and Prebiotic Research in Human Health, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), Shenzhen Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, China
- Research Institute for Future Food, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
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63
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Thomas JP, Modos D, Rushbrook SM, Powell N, Korcsmaros T. The Emerging Role of Bile Acids in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:829525. [PMID: 35185922 PMCID: PMC8850271 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.829525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract that arises due to complex interactions between host genetic risk factors, environmental factors, and a dysbiotic gut microbiota. Although metagenomic approaches have attempted to characterise the dysbiosis occurring in IBD, the precise mechanistic pathways interlinking the gut microbiota and the intestinal mucosa are still yet to be unravelled. To deconvolute these complex interactions, a more reductionist approach involving microbial metabolites has been suggested. Bile acids have emerged as a key class of microbiota-associated metabolites that are perturbed in IBD patients. In recent years, metabolomics studies have revealed a consistent defect in bile acid metabolism with an increase in primary bile acids and a reduction in secondary bile acids in IBD patients. This review explores the evolving evidence that specific bile acid metabolites interact with intestinal epithelial and immune cells to contribute to the inflammatory milieu seen in IBD. Furthermore, we summarise evidence linking bile acids with intracellular pathways that are known to be relevant in IBD including autophagy, apoptosis, and the inflammasome pathway. Finally, we discuss how novel experimental and bioinformatics approaches could further advance our understanding of the role of bile acids and inform novel therapeutic strategies in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Thomas
- Gut Microbes and Health Programme, Quadram Bioscience, Norwich, United Kingdom.,Organisms and Ecosystem, Earlham Institute, Norwich, United Kingdom.,Department of Gastroenterology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Dezso Modos
- Gut Microbes and Health Programme, Quadram Bioscience, Norwich, United Kingdom.,Organisms and Ecosystem, Earlham Institute, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Simon M Rushbrook
- Gut Microbes and Health Programme, Quadram Bioscience, Norwich, United Kingdom.,Department of Gastroenterology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, United Kingdom.,Department of Hepatology, University of East Anglia Medical School, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Nick Powell
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tamas Korcsmaros
- Gut Microbes and Health Programme, Quadram Bioscience, Norwich, United Kingdom.,Organisms and Ecosystem, Earlham Institute, Norwich, United Kingdom.,Division of Digestive Diseases, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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64
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Charitos IA, Topi S, Gagliano-Candela R, De Nitto E, Polimeno L, Montagnani M, Santacroce L. The toxic effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on gut microbiota: Bisphenol A (BPA). A review. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2022; 22:716-727. [PMID: 35339192 DOI: 10.2174/1871530322666220325114045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bisphenol A (BPA), an important industrial material widely applied in daily products, is considered an endocrine-disrupting chemical that may adversely affect humans. Growing evidence have shown that intestinal bacterial alterations caused by BPA exposure play an important role in several local and systemic diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY finding evidence that BPA-induced alterations in gut microbiota composition and activity may perturb its role on human health. RESULTS evidence from several experimental settings show that both low and high doses of BPA, interfere with the hormonal, homeostatic and reproductive systems in both animals and human systems. Moreover, it has recently been classified as an environmental obesogenic, with metabolic-disrupting effects on lipid metabolism and pancreatic b-cell functions. Several evidence characterize PBA as an environmental contributor to type II diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and obesity. However, the highest estimates of the exposure derived from foods alone or in combination with other sources are 3 to 5 times below the new tolerable daily intake (TDI) value, today reduced by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) experts from 50 micrograms per kilogramme of bodyweight per day (µg/kg bw/day) to 4 µg/kg bw/day. CONCLUSIONS Considering estimates for the total amount of BPA that can be ingested daily over a lifetime, many International Health Authorities conclude that dietary exposure of adult humans to BPA does not represent a risk to consumers' health, declaring its safety due to very-low established levels in food and water and declare any appreciable health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Alexandros Charitos
- National Poison Center, OO. RR. University Hospital of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center for Pre-Latin, Latin and Oriental Rights and Culture Studies (CEDICLO), University of Bari, Bari, Italy
- Department of Clinical Disciplines, University of Elbasan, Elbasan, Albania
| | - Skender Topi
- Interdepartmental Research Center for Pre-Latin, Latin and Oriental Rights and Culture Studies (CEDICLO), University of Bari, Bari, Italy
- Department of Clinical Disciplines, University of Elbasan, Elbasan, Albania
| | - Roberto Gagliano-Candela
- Interdepartmental Research Center for Pre-Latin, Latin and Oriental Rights and Culture Studies (CEDICLO), University of Bari, Bari, Italy
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Microbiology and Virology Unit, School of Medicine, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Emanuele De Nitto
- Department of Medical Basic Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, Section of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Polimeno
- Department of Clinical Disciplines, University of Elbasan, Elbasan, Albania
- Polypheno Academic Spin Off, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Monica Montagnani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi Santacroce
- Interdepartmental Research Center for Pre-Latin, Latin and Oriental Rights and Culture Studies (CEDICLO), University of Bari, Bari, Italy
- Department of Clinical Disciplines, University of Elbasan, Elbasan, Albania
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Microbiology and Virology Unit, School of Medicine, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
- Polypheno Academic Spin Off, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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Kriaa A, Mariaule V, Jablaoui A, Rhimi S, Mkaouar H, Hernandez J, Korkmaz B, Lesner A, Maguin E, Aghdassi A, Rhimi M. Bile Acids: Key Players in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases? Cells 2022; 11:cells11050901. [PMID: 35269523 PMCID: PMC8909766 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) have emerged as a public health problem worldwide with a limited number of efficient therapeutic options despite advances in medical therapy. Although changes in the gut microbiota composition are recognized as key drivers of dysregulated intestinal immunity, alterations in bile acids (BAs) have been shown to influence gut homeostasis and contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease. In this review, we explore the interactions involving BAs and gut microbiota in IBDs, and discuss how the gut microbiota–BA–host axis may influence digestive inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aicha Kriaa
- Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (A.K.); (V.M.); (A.J.); (S.R.); (H.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Vincent Mariaule
- Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (A.K.); (V.M.); (A.J.); (S.R.); (H.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Amin Jablaoui
- Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (A.K.); (V.M.); (A.J.); (S.R.); (H.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Soufien Rhimi
- Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (A.K.); (V.M.); (A.J.); (S.R.); (H.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Hela Mkaouar
- Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (A.K.); (V.M.); (A.J.); (S.R.); (H.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Juan Hernandez
- Oniris, Department of Clinical Sciences, Nantes-Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine and Food Sciences, University of Nantes, 101 Route de Gachet, 44300 Nantes, France;
| | - Brice Korkmaz
- INSERM UMR-1100, “Research Center for Respiratory Diseases”, University of Tours, 37032 Tours, France;
| | - Adam Lesner
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Uniwersytet Gdanski, Chemistry, Wita Stwosza 63, PL80-308 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Emmanuelle Maguin
- Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (A.K.); (V.M.); (A.J.); (S.R.); (H.M.); (E.M.)
| | - Ali Aghdassi
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, 17489 Greifswald, Germany;
| | - Moez Rhimi
- Microbiota Interaction with Human and Animal Team (MIHA), Micalis Institute, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; (A.K.); (V.M.); (A.J.); (S.R.); (H.M.); (E.M.)
- Correspondence:
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66
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Pre-Administration of Berberine Exerts Chemopreventive Effects in AOM/DSS-Induced Colitis-Associated Carcinogenesis Mice via Modulating Inflammation and Intestinal Microbiota. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040726. [PMID: 35215376 PMCID: PMC8879943 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory activation and intestinal flora imbalance play an essential role in the development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Berberine (BBR) has attracted great attention in recent years due to its heath-related benefits in inflammatory disorders and tumors, but the intricate mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. In this study, the effects and the mechanism of BBR on colon cancer were investigated in an azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis-associated carcinogenesis mice model. Our results showed that pre-administration of BBR showed a decrease in weight loss, disease activity index (DAI) score, and the number of colon tumors in mice, compared with the model group. The evidence from pathological examination indicated that the malignancy of intestinal tumors was ameliorated after pre-administration of BBR. Additionally, pre-administration with BBR suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory factors (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α) and the cell-proliferation marker Ki67, while expression of the tight junction proteins (ZO-1 and occludin) were increased in colon tissue. Moreover, the levels of critical pathway proteins involved in the inflammatory process (p-STAT3 and p-JNK) and cell cycle regulation molecules (β-catenin, c-Myc and CylinD1) exhibited lower expression levels. Besides, 16S rRNA sequence analysis indicated that pre-administration of BBR increased the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F:M) and the relative abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria, while the abundance of cancer-related bacteria was decreased. Gavage with Lactobacillus rhamnosus can improve the anti-tumor effect of BBR. Overall, pre-administration of BBR exerts preventive effects in colon carcinogenesis, and the mechanisms underlying these effects are correlated with the inhibition of inflammation and tumor proliferation and the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis.
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