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Relative validity and reproducibility of dietary quality scores from a short diet screener in a multi-ethnic Asian population. Public Health Nutr 2018; 21:2735-2743. [DOI: 10.1017/s1368980018001830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AbstractObjectiveShort screeners for assessing dietary quality are lacking in Asia. We recently developed a short thirty-seven-item diet screener (DS). The present study aimed to evaluate reproducibility and relative validity of the DS in assessing a priori dietary quality indices (DQI; i.e. the Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010), alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMed) and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet) and intakes of selected foods.DesignDS administration and biomarker measurement took place twice within a 4-month interval. A 163-item FFQ was administered one month after the second DS administration.SettingSingapore, a multi-ethnic urban Asian country.SubjectsSingapore residents (n 161) aged 18–79 years, of Chinese, Malay and Indian ethnicity.ResultsReproducibility coefficients for the two DS were 0·71 (DQI) and 0·65 (food groups). Correlations (ρ) between mean DS and FFQ DQI scores were 0·51 (AHEI-2010), 0·50 (aMed) and 0·61 (DASH; all P<0·05). Cohen’s weighted kappa indicated moderate agreement between the two measures (κw=0·48–0·58). DS DQI scores were associated with concentrations of β-cryptoxanthin (AHEI-2010, ρ=0·26; P<0·05), odd-chain SFA (aMed, ρ=0·24; DASH, ρ=0·25; both P<0·05), and enterolactone, total carotenoids, PUFA and α-linolenic acid (all scores, ρ=0·17–0·30; all P<0·05). Scores were not associated with isoflavone or long-chain n-3 PUFA concentrations.ConclusionsA short screener can be used to assess DQI with good reproducibility and relative validity compared with a longer FFQ in an Asian population.
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Riaz M, Shaikh F, Fawwad A, Hakeem R, Shera AS, Hitman GA, Bhowmik B, do Vale Moreira NC, Basit A, Hussain A. Maternal Nutrition during Early Pregnancy and Cardiometabolic Status of Neonates at Birth. J Diabetes Res 2018; 2018:7382946. [PMID: 29850608 PMCID: PMC5941780 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7382946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the impact of maternal body weight on maternal nutrition and micronutrient status in early pregnancy and potential impact on metabolic status in newborns. METHODOLOGY The EU FP7 project GIFTS was conducted from Jan 2012 to May 2014. Demographic details and anthropometric measurements of women in the first trimester of pregnancy were obtained. Blood samples were collected for OGTT, insulin, lipid profile, serum folate, ferritin, vitamin D, vitamin B12, and red cell folate. Newborn anthropometric characteristics were observed. Cord blood samples were collected after delivery for glucose, insulin, and lipid profile of newborns. RESULTS A total of 301 pregnant mothers, 108 overweight, 63 underweight, and 130 normal weight were included. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (<30 ng/mL) and low vitamin B12 (<190 ng/l) were high, 44% and 42%, respectively, in the first trimester. Anemic women (due to B12 or iron deficiency) were 79%, while 72% had low ferritin levels. Gestational diabetes was 16%. Differences were observed between underweight and overweight mothers (P < 0.05) for fasting blood glucose, insulin levels, and serum ferritin were observed. No significant difference was observed between vitamin D, serum B12, and red cell folate levels. CONCLUSION Prevalence of multiple micronutrient deficiencies was common among Pakistani women during early pregnancy despite the nonvegetarian diet that has important implications for pregnancy care in Pakistan and potentially in expatriate communities living abroad. This trial is registered with ISRCTN number 83599025.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musarrat Riaz
- Department of Medicine, Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Fareeha Shaikh
- GIFTS Project, Karachi, Pakistan
- Department of Community Medicine, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Asher Fawwad
- Department of Biochemistry, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
- Department of Research, Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rubina Hakeem
- Department of Research, Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
- Department of Education, Government of Sindh, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - A. Samad Shera
- Diabetic Association of Pakistan, WHO Collaborating Centre, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Graham A. Hitman
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Bishwajit Bhowmik
- Department of Community Medicine, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Global Health Research, Diabetes Association of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Abdul Basit
- Department of Medicine, Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Akhtar Hussain
- Department of Community Medicine, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Global Health Research, Diabetes Association of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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