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Koo KM, Wee EJH, Mainwaring PN, Wang Y, Trau M. Toward Precision Medicine: A Cancer Molecular Subtyping Nano-Strategy for RNA Biomarkers in Tumor and Urine. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:6233-6242. [PMID: 27717152 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201602161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a heterogeneous disease which manifests as different molecular subtypes due to the complex nature of tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis. The concept of precision medicine aims to exploit this cancer heterogeneity by incorporating diagnostic technology to characterize each cancer patient's molecular subtype for tailored treatments. To characterize cancer molecular subtypes accurately, a suite of multiplexed bioassays have currently been developed to detect multiple oncogenic biomarkers. Despite the reliability of current multiplexed detection techniques, novel strategies are still needed to resolve limitations such as long assay time, complex protocols, and difficulty in interpreting broad overlapping spectral peaks of conventional fluorescence readouts. Herein a rapid (80 min) multiplexed platform strategy for subtyping prostate cancer tumor and urine samples based on their RNA biomarker profiles is presented. This is achieved by combining rapid multiplexed isothermal reverse transcription-recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA) of target RNA biomarkers with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) nanotags for "one-pot" readout. This is the first translational application of a RT-RPA/SERS-based platform for multiplexed cancer biomarker detection to address a clinical need. With excellent sensitivity of 200 zmol (100 copies) and specificity, we believed that this platform methodology could be a useful tool for rapid multiplexed subtyping of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Koo
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Eugene J H Wee
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Paul N Mainwaring
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Yuling Wang
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Matt Trau
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, QLD, 4072, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, QLD, 4072, Australia
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52
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Zaghloul H, El Morsi AA, Soweha HE, Elsayed A, Seif S, El-Sharawy H. A simple real-time polymerase chain reaction assay using SYBR Green for hepatitis C virus genotyping. Arch Virol 2016; 162:57-61. [PMID: 27664028 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-016-3059-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Prescott MA, Reed AN, Jin L, Pastey MK. Rapid Detection of Cyprinid Herpesvirus 3 in Latently Infected Koi by Recombinase Polymerase Amplification. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH 2016; 28:173-180. [PMID: 27485254 PMCID: PMC5958048 DOI: 10.1080/08997659.2016.1185048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Since the emergence of cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3), outbreaks have been devastating to Common Carp Cyprinus carpio and koi (a variant of Common Carp), leading to high economic losses. Current diagnostics for detecting CyHV-3 are limited in sensitivity and are further complicated by latency. Here we describe the detection of CyHV-3 by recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA). The RPA assay can detect as low as 10 copies of the CyHV-3 genome by an isothermal reaction and yields results in approximately 20 min. Using the RPA assay, the CyHV-3 genome can be detected in the total DNA of white blood cells isolated from koi latently infected with CyHV-3, while less than 10% of the latently infected koi can be detected by a real-time PCR assay in the total DNA of white blood cells. In addition, RPA products can be detected in a lateral flow device that is cheap and fast and can be used outside of the diagnostic lab. The RPA assay and lateral flow device provide for the rapid, sensitive, and specific amplification of CyHV-3 that with future modifications for field use and validation could lead to enhanced surveillance and early diagnosis of CyHV-3 in the laboratory and field. Received September 14, 2015; accepted April 9, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan A. Prescott
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis Oregon 97331
- Department of Microbiology, College of Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis Oregon 97331
| | - Aimee N. Reed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis Oregon 97331
- Department of Microbiology, College of Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis Oregon 97331
| | - Ling Jin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis Oregon 97331
- Department of Microbiology, College of Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis Oregon 97331
| | - Manoj K. Pastey
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis Oregon 97331
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Hanus JS, Ceretta LB, Simões PW, Tuon L. Incidence of hepatitis C in Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2016; 48:665-73. [PMID: 26676490 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0230-2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatitis C is a public health problem of global dimensions, affecting approximately 200 million people worldwide. The main objective of this study was to estimate the incidence rate of hepatitis C in Brazil during the period between 2001 and 2012. METHODS An epidemiological, temporal, and descriptive study was performed using data from the Information System for Reportable Diseases. RESULTS Between 2001 and 2012, a total of 151,056 hepatitis C cases were recorded, accounting for 30.3% of all hepatitis notifications in Brazil. The average gross coefficient for the analysis period was 6.7 new cases per 100,000 inhabitants. The regions with the highest rates were the Southeast region (8.7 new cases/100,000 inhabitants) and the South (13.9 new cases/100,000 inhabitants). There was a predominance of men with respect to the incidence rate (8.0 new cases/100,000 inhabitants) compared to women (5.5 new cases/100,000 inhabitants). Injection drug use was the most common source of infection, and members of the white race, residents of urban areas, and those aged 60 to 64 years had the highest incidences. CONCLUSIONS Over the last 10 years, the incidence of hepatitis C in Brazil has increased, mainly in the South and Southeast. The adoption of fast, accurate diagnostic methods, together with epidemiological awareness, can facilitate early intervention measures for adequate control of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliét Silveira Hanus
- Programa de Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde Coletiva, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Luciane Bisognin Ceretta
- Programa de Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde Coletiva, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Priscyla Waleska Simões
- Programa de Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde Coletiva, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Lisiane Tuon
- Programa de Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde Coletiva, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Kim J, Biondi MJ, Feld JJ, Chan WCW. Clinical Validation of Quantum Dot Barcode Diagnostic Technology. ACS NANO 2016; 10:4742-4753. [PMID: 27035744 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b01254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
There has been a major focus on the clinical translation of emerging technologies for diagnosing patients with infectious diseases, cancer, heart disease, and diabetes. However, most developments still remain at the academic stage where researchers use spiked target molecules to demonstrate the utility of a technology and assess the analytical performance. This approach does not account for the biological complexities and variabilities of human patient samples. As a technology matures and potentially becomes clinically viable, one important intermediate step in the translation process is to conduct a full clinical validation of the technology using a large number of patient samples. Here, we present a full detailed clinical validation of Quantum Dot (QD) barcode technology for diagnosing patients infected with Hepatitis B Virus (HBV). We further demonstrate that the detection of multiple regions of the viral genome using multiplexed QD barcodes improved clinical sensitivity from 54.9-66.7% to 80.4-90.5%, and describe how to use QD barcodes for optimal clinical diagnosis of patients. The use of QDs in biology and medicine was first introduced in 1998 but has not reached clinical care. This study describes our long-term systematic development strategy to advance QD technology to a clinically feasible product for diagnosing patients. Our "blueprint" for translating the QD barcode research concept could be adapted for other nanotechnologies, to efficiently advance diagnostic techniques discovered in the academic laboratory to patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisung Kim
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Bimolecular Research, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Mia J Biondi
- Sandra Rotman Centre for Global Health, University Health Network , Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Jordan J Feld
- Sandra Rotman Centre for Global Health, University Health Network , Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Warren C W Chan
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
- Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Bimolecular Research, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E4, Canada
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Seroprevalence of Hepatitis C, Hepatitis B, Cytomegalovirus, and Human Immunodeficiency Viruses in Multitransfused Thalassemic Children in Upper Egypt. Adv Hematol 2016; 2016:9032627. [PMID: 26989417 PMCID: PMC4773519 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9032627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Frequent blood transfusions in thalassemia major children expose them to the risk of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs). The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and cytomegalovirus (CMV) in thalassemic children attending the Pediatrics Departments of both Sohag and Minia Universities of Upper Egypt, during the period from May 2014 to May 2015. Methods. Serum samples were screened for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-HCV, anti-CMV, and anti-HIV type 1 and type 2 using the Vitek Immunodiagnostic Assay System. Results. The frequencies of anti-HCV, HBsAg, anti-CMV, and anti-HIV type 1 and type 2 were found to be 37.11%, 4.12%, 4.12%, 0.00%, and 0.00%, respectively. Seropositivity for anti-HCV, HBsAg, and anti-CMV increased with increasing age of the patients, duration of the disease, serum ferritin level (ng/mL), and liver enzymes (U/L), while it was not significantly associated with gender, frequency of blood transfusion, or the status of splenectomy operation (P > 0.05). Conclusion. The frequency of TTIs, especially HCV, is considerably high among Egyptian children with thalassemia major. It is therefore important to implement measures to improve blood transfusion screening, such as polymerase chain reaction, in order to reduce TTIs from blood donor units.
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Kim JY, Lee J. Rapid Detection of
Salmonella Enterica
Serovar Enteritidis from Eggs and Chicken Meat by Real‐Time Recombinase Polymerase Amplification in Comparison with the Two‐Step Real‐Time PCR. J Food Saf 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yeun Kim
- Department of Human Ecology, Food Science and Biotechnology ProgramCollege of Agriculture and Related Sciences, Delaware State UniversityDover DE
| | - Jung‐Lim Lee
- Department of Human Ecology, Food Science and Biotechnology ProgramCollege of Agriculture and Related Sciences, Delaware State UniversityDover DE
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Rapid and sensitive detection of canine parvovirus type 2 by recombinase polymerase amplification. Arch Virol 2016; 161:1015-8. [PMID: 26729477 PMCID: PMC7087227 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-015-2738-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
A novel recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA)-based method for detection of canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) was developed. Sensitivity analysis showed that the detection limit of RPA was 10 copies of CPV-2 genomic DNA. RPA amplified both CPV-2a and -2b DNA but did not amplify the template of other important dog viruses (CCoV, PRV or CDV), demonstrating high specificity. The method was further validated with 57 canine fecal samples. An outstanding advantage of RPA is that it is an isothermal reaction and can be performed in a water bath, making RPA a potential alternative method for CPV-2 detection in resource-limited settings.
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