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Zhao C, Wong L, Zhu Q, Yang H. Prevalence and correlates of chronic diseases in an elderly population: A community-based survey in Haikou. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199006. [PMID: 29902222 PMCID: PMC6002039 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The escalating problem of multiple chronic conditions among older adults in China draws public health attention due to increasing proportion of the elderly population. This study sought to assess the prevalence of and factors associated with four chronic diseases in older adults in Haikou, the capital city of Hainan Province, China. METHOD In this cross-sectional study, 9432 community-dwelling elderly people aged 60 years and older living in rural or urban areas in Haikou were investigated. The interviews collected self-reported information on the presence of four major chronic diseases, as well as socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors and self-reported height and weight. FINDINGS Overall, 31.7% (2961/9344) reported at least one of the four chronic diseases. The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, COPD, and stroke was 26.0% (2449/9407), 8.0% (749/9371), 1.0% (95/9360), and 1.9% (175/9382), respectively. Common correlates of the four major chronic diseases were older age, being engaged in intellectual work, currently being a smoker and obesity. Gender, locality of residence, and alcohol consumptions were also found to be associated to some of the chronic conditions. CONCLUSION This finding indicates that multiple chronic conditions among elderly people in Haikou are prevalent and warrant special attention to reduce diseases burden and align health care services to cater the holistic elderly patients' need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanjuan Zhao
- College of Public Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Liping Wong
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Qing Zhu
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
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102
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Jones MP, Martin J, Foo K, Estoesta P, Holloway L, Jameson M. The impact of contour variation on tumour control probability in anal cancer. Radiat Oncol 2018; 13:97. [PMID: 29776418 PMCID: PMC5960192 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-018-1033-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) has been widely adopted for the treatment of anal cancer (AC), the added contour complexity poses potential risks. This study investigates the impact of contour variation on tumour control probability (TCP) when using IMRT for AC. METHODS Nine Australian centres contoured a single computed tomography dataset of a patient with AC. The same optimised template-based IMRT planning protocol was applied to each contour set to generate nine representative treatment plans and their corresponding dose volume histograms. A geometric analysis was performed on all contours. The TCP was calculated for each plan using the linear quadratic and logitEUD model. RESULTS The median concordance index (CI) for the bladder, head and neck of femur, bone marrow, small bowel and external genitalia was 0.94, 0.88, 0.84, 0.65 and 0.65, respectively. The median CI for the involved nodal, primary tumour and elective clinical target volumes were 0.85, 0.77 and 0.71, respectively. Across the nine plans, the TCP was not significantly different. Variation in TCP between plans increased as tumour cell load increased or radiation dose decreased. CONCLUSIONS When using IMRT for AC, contour variations generated from a common protocol within the limits of minor deviations do not appear to have a significant impact on TCP. Contouring variations may be more critical with increasing tumour cell load or reducing radiotherapy dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Jones
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia. .,Department of Radiation Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle, Waratah, NSW, Australia.
| | - Jarad Martin
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle, Waratah, NSW, Australia
| | - Kerwyn Foo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Patrick Estoesta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Lois Holloway
- Liverpool and Macarthur Cancer Therapy Centres, Liverpool, NSW, Australia.,Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, Australia.,South West Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia.,Institute of Medical Physics, School of Physics, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael Jameson
- Liverpool and Macarthur Cancer Therapy Centres, Liverpool, NSW, Australia.,Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, Australia.,South West Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
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