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101
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Guven DC, Aktepe OH, Aksun MS, Sahin TK, Kavgaci G, Ucgul E, Cakir IY, Yildirim HC, Guner G, Akin S, Kertmen N, Dizdar O, Aksoy S, Erman M, Yalcin S, Kilickap S. The association between albumin-globulin ratio (AGR) and survival in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Cancer Biomark 2022; 34:189-199. [PMID: 34958005 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-210349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The albumin-globulin ratio (AGR) could be a prognostic biomarker in patients with cancer, although the data is limited in patients treated with immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). OBJECTIVES We aimed to evaluate the association between AGR and survival in ICI-treated patients. METHODS The data of 212 advanced-stage patients were retrospectively evaluated in this cohort study. The association between AGR with overall (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were evaluated with multivariate analyses. Additionally, receptor operating curve (ROC) analysis was conducted to assess the AGR's predictive power in the very early progression (progression within two months) and long-term benefit (more than twelve months survival). RESULTS The median AGR was calculated as 1.21, and patients were classified into AGR-low and high subgroups according to the median. In the multivariate analyses, patients with lower AGR (< 1.21) had decreased OS (HR: 1.530, 95% CI: 1.100-2.127, p= 0.011) and PFS (HR: 1.390, 95% CI: 1.020-1.895, p= 0.037). The area under curve of AGR to detect early progression and long-term benefit were 0.654 (95% CI: 0.562-0.747, p= 0.001) and 0.671 (95% CI: 0.598-0.744, p< 0.001), respectively. CONCLUSIONS In our experience, survival with ICIs was impaired in patients with lower AGR. Additionally, the AGR values could detect the very early progression and long-term benefit ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Melek Seren Aksun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Taha Koray Sahin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gozde Kavgaci
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Enes Ucgul
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Yahya Cakir
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Gurkan Guner
- Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serkan Akin
- Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Omer Dizdar
- Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sercan Aksoy
- Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Erman
- Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Suayib Yalcin
- Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Saadettin Kilickap
- Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara Liv Hospital, Istinye University, Ankara, Turkey
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102
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Grosjean HAI, Dolter S, Meyers DE, Ding PQ, Stukalin I, Goutam S, Kong S, Chu Q, Heng DYC, Bebb DG, Morris DG, Cheung WY, Pabani A. Effectiveness and Safety of First-Line Pembrolizumab in Older Adults with PD-L1 Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study of the Alberta Immunotherapy Database. Curr Oncol 2021; 28:4213-4222. [PMID: 34677275 PMCID: PMC8534423 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol28050357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of immunotherapy revolutionized the treatment of non-small-cell-lung cancer (NSCLC), with multiple landmark clinical trials establishing the efficacy of these agents. However, many patients who receive immunotherapy in clinical practice would be considered clinical trial ineligible. One such population that is often under-represented in clinical trials is older adults. In the current study, we evaluated clinical and safety outcomes in this population. Overall, older adults (>70 years of age) and younger adults had comparable clinical outcomes with an equivalent objective response rate (ORR), time to treatment failure (TTF), and median overall survival (p = 0.67, p = 0.98, and p = 0.91, respectively). Furthermore, the safety outcomes were equivalent between the cohorts with similar rates of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), irAE-related hospitalizations, and all-cause hospitalization (p = 0.99, p = 0.63, and p = 0.74, respectively). While older age was not found to impact overall survival, multivariant analysis revealed that a poor Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) status, low body-mass-index (BMI), and poor/intermediate lung immune prognostic index (LIPI) were all associated with worse survival. In conclusion, age does not impact the efficacy or safety of pembrolizumab in NSCLC, and therefore advanced age should not be a deterrent for treating these patients with pembrolizumab. Physicians and care providers can thus focus on other factors that may influence therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi A. I. Grosjean
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N2, Canada; (H.A.I.G.); (S.D.); (D.E.M.); (I.S.); (S.K.); (D.Y.C.H.); (D.G.B.); (D.G.M.); (W.Y.C.)
| | - Samantha Dolter
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N2, Canada; (H.A.I.G.); (S.D.); (D.E.M.); (I.S.); (S.K.); (D.Y.C.H.); (D.G.B.); (D.G.M.); (W.Y.C.)
| | - Daniel E. Meyers
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N2, Canada; (H.A.I.G.); (S.D.); (D.E.M.); (I.S.); (S.K.); (D.Y.C.H.); (D.G.B.); (D.G.M.); (W.Y.C.)
| | - Philip Q. Ding
- Oncology Outcomes, Calgary, AB T2N4N2, Canada;
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2R3, Canada;
| | - Igor Stukalin
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N2, Canada; (H.A.I.G.); (S.D.); (D.E.M.); (I.S.); (S.K.); (D.Y.C.H.); (D.G.B.); (D.G.M.); (W.Y.C.)
| | - Siddhartha Goutam
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2R3, Canada;
- Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB T6G1Z2, Canada;
| | - Shiying Kong
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N2, Canada; (H.A.I.G.); (S.D.); (D.E.M.); (I.S.); (S.K.); (D.Y.C.H.); (D.G.B.); (D.G.M.); (W.Y.C.)
| | - Quincy Chu
- Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB T6G1Z2, Canada;
| | - Daniel Y. C. Heng
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N2, Canada; (H.A.I.G.); (S.D.); (D.E.M.); (I.S.); (S.K.); (D.Y.C.H.); (D.G.B.); (D.G.M.); (W.Y.C.)
| | - D. Gwyn Bebb
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N2, Canada; (H.A.I.G.); (S.D.); (D.E.M.); (I.S.); (S.K.); (D.Y.C.H.); (D.G.B.); (D.G.M.); (W.Y.C.)
| | - Don G. Morris
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N2, Canada; (H.A.I.G.); (S.D.); (D.E.M.); (I.S.); (S.K.); (D.Y.C.H.); (D.G.B.); (D.G.M.); (W.Y.C.)
| | - Winson Y. Cheung
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N2, Canada; (H.A.I.G.); (S.D.); (D.E.M.); (I.S.); (S.K.); (D.Y.C.H.); (D.G.B.); (D.G.M.); (W.Y.C.)
| | - Aliyah Pabani
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N2, Canada; (H.A.I.G.); (S.D.); (D.E.M.); (I.S.); (S.K.); (D.Y.C.H.); (D.G.B.); (D.G.M.); (W.Y.C.)
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103
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Chang CY, Chen CY, Chang SC, Lai YC, Wei YF. Efficacy and Prognosis of First-Line EGFR-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Treatment in Older Adults Including Poor Performance Status Patients with EGFR-Mutated Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:7187-7201. [PMID: 34552354 PMCID: PMC8450762 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s322967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are standard first-line treatments for advanced EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The efficacy of EGFR-TKIs in older patients including poor Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) is seldom investigated. Methods We enrolled patients 65 years or older with EGFR-mutated Stage IIIB-IV NSCLC and evaluated the efficacy and prognosis of first-line EGFR-TKI treatment. Clinical and demographic characteristics were reviewed and analyzed, including age, sex, PS, smoking history, EGFR mutation type, treatment regimen, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Results From January 2015 to December 2019, a total of 237 patients were included, 205 of whom were eligible for efficacy and outcome analyses. Among them, 91 (44.4%) were categorized as poor PS (2-4). Compared with patients categorized as good PS (0-1), those with poor PS were older (79 versus 75 years), had a higher proportion of brain metastases (41.8% versus 25.4%), more comorbidities (74.7% versus 54.4%), and more likely to be treated with first-generation TKIs (74.7% versus 57.0%). The PFS and OS were 17.1 and 26.7 months respectively in patients with good PS and 12.7 and 18.2 months in those with poor PS (both p < 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, good PS, <3 metastatic sites, and first-line treatment with afatinib compared with erlotinib and gefitinib were associated with longer PFS. A relatively younger age, good PS, < 3 metastatic sites, and no brain metastasis at diagnosis were associated with better OS. Conclusion In older patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC and receive EGFR-TKI treatment, a good PS and <3 metastatic sites at diagnosis were associated with a longer PFS and OS. In addition, afatinib as first-line treatment was associated with a longer PFS whereas a relatively younger age and no brain metastasis at diagnosis were associated with better OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yu Chang
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yu Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin County, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chieh Chang
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University Hospital, Yi-Lan, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University Hospital, Yi-Lan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Lai
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University Hospital, Yi-Lan, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Feng Wei
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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104
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Galán RJ, Prado-Mel E, Pérez-Moreno MA, Caballano-Infantes E, Flores Moreno S. Influence of Performance Status on the Effectiveness of Pembrolizumab Monotherapy in First-Line for Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Results in a Real-World Population. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10090890. [PMID: 34571767 PMCID: PMC8472602 DOI: 10.3390/biology10090890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The KEYNOTE-024 clinical trial showed promising results for pembrolizumab in the first-line of treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the profile of patients in real-world practice differs from those included in this clinical trial. Here, an observational single-center retrospective study was performed through a comparative analysis of clinical outcomes after pembrolizumab therapy according to the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Stage Performance Status (ECOG PS). Moreover, univariate and multivariate analyses were carried out to detect prognostic factors. In our cohort, 63.7% of patients had an ECOG PS of 0-1. Regarding response rate, 31.8% of patients had a partial response (PR), 19.3% had stable disease (SD) and 23.9% had progression disease. On the other hand, patients with ECOG PS ≥ 2 showed a significantly lower rate of PR and SD to pembrolizumab than patients with a PS of 0-1. The rate of response, median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were significantly higher in patients with ECOG PS 0-1 than in those with ECOG PS ≥ 2. In the current study, we found ECOG PS as the only independent predictor of OS and PFS. Due to the ECOG PS scale being a subjective parameter, other tools are needed to identify treatment effectiveness to each patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Jiménez Galán
- Clinical Unit of Pharmacy, University Hospital Virgen del Rocio, Avenue Manuel Siurot, 41013 Seville, Spain; (E.P.-M.); (M.A.P.-M.); (E.C.-I.); (S.F.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-955-012-061
| | - Elena Prado-Mel
- Clinical Unit of Pharmacy, University Hospital Virgen del Rocio, Avenue Manuel Siurot, 41013 Seville, Spain; (E.P.-M.); (M.A.P.-M.); (E.C.-I.); (S.F.M.)
| | - María Antonia Pérez-Moreno
- Clinical Unit of Pharmacy, University Hospital Virgen del Rocio, Avenue Manuel Siurot, 41013 Seville, Spain; (E.P.-M.); (M.A.P.-M.); (E.C.-I.); (S.F.M.)
| | - Estefanía Caballano-Infantes
- Clinical Unit of Pharmacy, University Hospital Virgen del Rocio, Avenue Manuel Siurot, 41013 Seville, Spain; (E.P.-M.); (M.A.P.-M.); (E.C.-I.); (S.F.M.)
- Andalusian Public Foundation for Health Research Management of Seville (FISEVI), 41013 Seville, Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Sandra Flores Moreno
- Clinical Unit of Pharmacy, University Hospital Virgen del Rocio, Avenue Manuel Siurot, 41013 Seville, Spain; (E.P.-M.); (M.A.P.-M.); (E.C.-I.); (S.F.M.)
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105
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Khaki AR, Glisch C, Petrillo LA. Immunotherapy in Patients With Poor Performance Status: The Jury Is Still Out on This Special Population. JCO Oncol Pract 2021; 17:583-586. [PMID: 34297600 DOI: 10.1200/op.21.00397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Raza Khaki
- Ali Raza Khaki, MD, MS, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Chad Glisch, MD, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI; and Laura A. Petrillo, MD, Division of Palliative Care and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Chad Glisch
- Ali Raza Khaki, MD, MS, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Chad Glisch, MD, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI; and Laura A. Petrillo, MD, Division of Palliative Care and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Laura A Petrillo
- Ali Raza Khaki, MD, MS, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA; Chad Glisch, MD, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI; and Laura A. Petrillo, MD, Division of Palliative Care and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
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106
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Schlögl M, Iyer AS, Riese F, Blum D, O'Hare L, Kulkarni T, Pautex S, Schildmann J, Swetz KM, Kumar P, Jones CA. Top Ten Tips Palliative Care Clinicians Should Know About Prognostication in Oncology, Dementia, Frailty, and Pulmonary Diseases. J Palliat Med 2021; 24:1391-1397. [PMID: 34264746 DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2021.0327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Prognostication has been described as "Medicine's Lost Art." Taken with diagnosis and treatment, prognostication is the third leg on which medical care rests. As research leads to additional beneficial treatments for vexing conditions like cancer, dementia, and lung disease, prognostication becomes even more difficult. This article, written by a group of palliative care clinicians with backgrounds in geriatrics, pulmonology, and oncology, aims to offer a useful framework for consideration of prognosis in these conditions. This article will serve as the first in a three-part series on prognostication in adults and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Schlögl
- Centre on Aging and Mobility, University Hospital Zurich and City Hospital Waid Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,University Clinic for Acute Geriatric Care, City Hospital Waid Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anand S Iyer
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Department of Medicine, Lung Health Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics, and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Department of Medicine, Center for Outcomes and Effectiveness Research and Education, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Florian Riese
- University Research Priority Program "Dynamics of Healthy Aging," University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David Blum
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Competence Center for Palliative Care, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lanier O'Hare
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Tejaswini Kulkarni
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Sophie Pautex
- Division of Palliative Medicine, Department of Geriatrics and Rehabilitation, University of Geneva, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jan Schildmann
- Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Institute for History and Ethics of Medicine, Martin Luther University, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
| | - Keith M Swetz
- Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics, and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Pallavi Kumar
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, Ruth and Raymond Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Christopher A Jones
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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107
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Callejo A, Frigola J, Iranzo P, Carbonell C, Diaz N, Marmolejo D, Assaf JD, Cedrés S, Martinez-Marti A, Navarro A, Pardo N, Amat R, Felip E. Interrelations between Patients' Clinicopathological Characteristics and Their Association with Response to Immunotherapy in a Real-World Cohort of NSCLC Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3249. [PMID: 34209601 PMCID: PMC8268100 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment. Unfortunately, only some patients benefit from these therapies. Thus, certain clinicopathological characteristics of the patients have been proposed as biomarkers of ICIs response. We assembled a retrospective cohort of 262 NSCLC patients treated with ICIs, compiled relevant clinicopathological characteristics, and studied their associations with treatment outcome using Cox proportional-hazards survival models. Additionally, we investigated the interrelations between clinicopathological features and devised a method to create a compendium associated with ICIs response by selecting those that provide non-redundant information. In multivariate analyses, ECOG performance status (hazard ratio (HR) 1.37 (95% CI 1.11 to 1.68), p < 0.005), LDH (HR 1.24 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.48), p = 0.02)) and PD-L1 negativity were associated with decreased PFS (HR 1.92 (95% CI 1.03 to 3.58), p < 0.04), whereas presentation of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) (HR 0.35 (95% CI 0.22 to 0.55, p < 0.005) or females (HR 0.52 (95% CI 0.33 to 0.80, p < 0.005) had longer progression-free survival. Additionally, numerous clinicopathological indicators were found to be interrelated. Thus, we searched for features that provide non-redundant information, and found the combination of LDH levels, irAEs, and gender to have a better association with ICIs treatment response (cross-validated c-index = 0.66). We concluded that several clinicopathological features showed prognostic value in our real-world cohort. However, some are interrelated, and compendiums of features should therefore consider these interactions. Joint assessment of LDH, irAEs, and gender may be a good prognostic compendium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Callejo
- Clinical Research Department, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (A.C.); (P.I.); (N.D.); (J.D.A.); (S.C.); (A.M.-M.); (A.N.); (N.P.)
- Oncology Department, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Joan Frigola
- Thoracic Cancers Translational Genomics Unit, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), C/Nazaret 115-117, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (J.F.); (C.C.)
| | - Patricia Iranzo
- Clinical Research Department, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (A.C.); (P.I.); (N.D.); (J.D.A.); (S.C.); (A.M.-M.); (A.N.); (N.P.)
- Oncology Department, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Caterina Carbonell
- Thoracic Cancers Translational Genomics Unit, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), C/Nazaret 115-117, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (J.F.); (C.C.)
| | - Nely Diaz
- Clinical Research Department, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (A.C.); (P.I.); (N.D.); (J.D.A.); (S.C.); (A.M.-M.); (A.N.); (N.P.)
- Oncology Department, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - David Marmolejo
- Oncology Department, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Juan David Assaf
- Clinical Research Department, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (A.C.); (P.I.); (N.D.); (J.D.A.); (S.C.); (A.M.-M.); (A.N.); (N.P.)
- Oncology Department, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Susana Cedrés
- Clinical Research Department, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (A.C.); (P.I.); (N.D.); (J.D.A.); (S.C.); (A.M.-M.); (A.N.); (N.P.)
- Oncology Department, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Alex Martinez-Marti
- Clinical Research Department, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (A.C.); (P.I.); (N.D.); (J.D.A.); (S.C.); (A.M.-M.); (A.N.); (N.P.)
- Oncology Department, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Alejandro Navarro
- Clinical Research Department, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (A.C.); (P.I.); (N.D.); (J.D.A.); (S.C.); (A.M.-M.); (A.N.); (N.P.)
- Oncology Department, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Nuria Pardo
- Clinical Research Department, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (A.C.); (P.I.); (N.D.); (J.D.A.); (S.C.); (A.M.-M.); (A.N.); (N.P.)
- Oncology Department, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Ramon Amat
- Thoracic Cancers Translational Genomics Unit, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), C/Nazaret 115-117, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (J.F.); (C.C.)
| | - Enriqueta Felip
- Clinical Research Department, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (A.C.); (P.I.); (N.D.); (J.D.A.); (S.C.); (A.M.-M.); (A.N.); (N.P.)
- Oncology Department, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
- Thoracic Cancers Translational Genomics Unit, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), C/Nazaret 115-117, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (J.F.); (C.C.)
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