101
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102
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Löhr S, Averbeck J, Schürmann M, Krause N. Synthesis and Complexation Properties of Allenic Bipyridines, a New Class of Axially Chiral Ligands for Transition Metal Catalysis. Eur J Inorg Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200701049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Löhr
- Organic Chemistry II, TU Dortmund, Otto‐Hahn‐Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany, Fax: +49‐231‐7553884
| | - Jan Averbeck
- Organic Chemistry II, TU Dortmund, Otto‐Hahn‐Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany, Fax: +49‐231‐7553884
| | - Markus Schürmann
- Inorganic Chemistry, TU Dortmund, Otto‐Hahn‐Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Norbert Krause
- Organic Chemistry II, TU Dortmund, Otto‐Hahn‐Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany, Fax: +49‐231‐7553884
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103
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Kadirvel M, Arsic B, Freeman S, Bichenkova EV. Exciplex and excimer molecular probes: detection of conformational flip in a myo-inositol chair. Org Biomol Chem 2008; 6:1966-72. [DOI: 10.1039/b800710a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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104
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Rein C, Demel P, Outten R, Netscher T, Breit B. Reagent Directing Group Controlled Organic Synthesis: Total Synthesis of (R,R,R)-α-Tocopherol. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200703268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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105
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Rein C, Demel P, Outten R, Netscher T, Breit B. Reagent Directing Group Controlled Organic Synthesis: Total Synthesis of (R,R,R)-α-Tocopherol. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:8670-3. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200703268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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106
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Jaroch
- Medicinal Chemistry, Bayer Schering Pharma, 13342 Berlin, Germany
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107
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Ioannou PV, Vachliotis DG, Sideris TD. The Electrophilic Character of Bunsen's Cacodyl Disulfide, Me2As(S)-S-AsMe2. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.200700279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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108
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Sato M, Matsushima K, Kawanami H, Ikuhsima Y. A Highly Selective, High-Speed, and Hydrolysis-Free O-Acylation in Subcritical Water in the Absence of a Catalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200700180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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109
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Baidya M, Kobayashi S, Brotzel F, Schmidhammer U, Riedle E, Mayr H. DABCO oder DMAP – worauf beruht ihr Unterschied in der Organokatalyse? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200701489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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110
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Baidya M, Kobayashi S, Brotzel F, Schmidhammer U, Riedle E, Mayr H. DABCO and DMAP—Why Are They Different in Organocatalysis? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:6176-9. [PMID: 17628470 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200701489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahiuddin Baidya
- Department Chemie und Biochemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 München, Germany
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111
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Sato M, Matsushima K, Kawanami H, Ikuhsima Y. A Highly Selective, High-Speed, and Hydrolysis-Free O-Acylation in Subcritical Water in the Absence of a Catalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:6284-8. [PMID: 17640027 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200700180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Sato
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Research Center for Compact Chemical Process, Nigatake 4-2-1, Miyagino-ku, Sendai 983-8551, Japan.
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112
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O Dálaigh C, Corr SA, Gun'ko Y, Connon SJ. A Magnetic-Nanoparticle-Supported 4-N,N-Dialkylaminopyridine Catalyst: Excellent Reactivity Combined with Facile Catalyst Recovery and Recyclability. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:4329-32. [PMID: 17476659 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200605216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ciarán O Dálaigh
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
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113
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Ó Dálaigh C, Corr S, Gun'ko Y, Connon S. A Magnetic-Nanoparticle-Supported 4-N,N-Dialkylaminopyridine Catalyst: Excellent Reactivity Combined with Facile Catalyst Recovery and Recyclability. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200605216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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114
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Breit B, Demel P, Grauer D, Studte C. Stereospecific and stereodivergent construction of tertiary and quaternary carbon centers through switchable directed/nondirected allylic substitution. Chem Asian J 2007; 1:586-97. [PMID: 17441097 DOI: 10.1002/asia.200600100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This study introduces the ortho-diphenylphosphanylbenzoate (o-DPPB)/o-DPPB oxide system as a switchable directing/nondirecting leaving group in a copper-mediated allylic substitution with Grignard and organozinc reagents. With this system, the regioselective, stereospecific, and stereodivergent construction of quaternary as well as tertiary carbon centers is possible in a reliable and predictable fashion. Starting from one substrate enantiomer, both optical antipodes of the substitution products are readily available. Hence, this methodology features reversed polarity in comparison to established enolate alkylation chemistry and may be an interesting alternative, particularly for the construction of quaternary stereogenic carbon centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Breit
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
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115
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Breit B, Grünanger CU, Abillard O. Directed Branched-Regioselective Hydroformylation of 2-Substituted Allylico-DPPB Esters. European J Org Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200700120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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116
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Schmidt A, Mordhorst T, Namyslo JC, Telle W. Hetarenium salts from pentafluoropyridine. Syntheses, spectroscopic properties, and applications. J Heterocycl Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570440326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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117
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Dai LZ, Shi YL, Zhao GL, Shi M. A Facile Synthetic Route to 2H-Chromenes: Reconsideration of the Mechanism of the DBU-Catalyzed Reaction between Salicylic Aldehydes and Ethyl 2-Methylbuta-2,3-dienoate. Chemistry 2007; 13:3701-6. [PMID: 17236229 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200601033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Reactions of salicylaldehydes with ethyl buta-2,3-dienoate or penta-3,4-dien-2-one catalyzed by a catalytic amount of potassium carbonate produce the corresponding 2 H-chromene products in moderate to good yields under mild conditions. A plausible reaction mechanism is discussed in the light of the results of an 18O-labeling experiment. In addition, in view of these findings, the catalytic function of DBU in reactions of this kind is reconsidered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lun-Zhi Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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118
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Wei Y, Held I, Zipse H. Stacking interactions as the principal design element in acyl-transfer catalysts. Org Biomol Chem 2007; 4:4223-30. [PMID: 17312979 DOI: 10.1039/b610140b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The conformational properties and the stability of acylpyridinium intermediates formed in pyridine-catalyzed acylation reactions have been studied at the SCS-MP2(FC)/6-311 +G(d,p)//MP2(FC)/ 6-31G(d) level of theory. It has been shown that stacking interactions can play a decisive role in the stability as well as the conformational preferences of these transient intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Wei
- Department Chemie und Biochemie, LMU München, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, D-81377, München, Germany
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119
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Kurzrock T, Speer K. DITERPENES AND DITERPENE ESTERS IN COFFEE. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/fri-100108532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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120
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Xu S, Held I, Kempf B, Mayr H, Steglich W, Zipse H. The DMAP-catalyzed acetylation of alcohols--a mechanistic study (DMAP = 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine). Chemistry 2007; 11:4751-7. [PMID: 15924289 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200500398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The acetylation of tert-butanol with acetic anhydride catalyzed by 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP) has been studied at the Becke3 LYP/6-311 + G(d,p)//Becke3 LYP/6-31G(d) level of theory. Solvent effects have been estimated through single-point calculations with the PCM/UAHF solvation model. The energetically most favorable pathway proceeds through nucleophilic attack of DMAP at the anhydride carbonyl group and subsequent formation of the corresponding acetylpyridinium/acetate ion pair. Reaction of this ion pair with the alcohol substrate yields the final product, tert-butylacetate. The competing base-catalyzed reaction pathway can either proceed in a concerted or in a stepwise manner. In both cases the reaction barrier far exceeds that of the nucleophilic catalysis mechanism. The reaction mechanism has also been studied experimentally in dichloromethane through analysis of the reaction kinetics for the acetylation of cyclohexanol with acetic anhydride, in the presence of DMAP as catalyst and triethylamine as the auxiliary base. The reaction is found to be first-order with respect to acetic anhydride, cyclohexanol, and DMAP, and zero-order with respect to triethyl amine. Both the theoretical as well as the experimental studies strongly support the nucleophilic catalysis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangjie Xu
- Department Chemie und Biochemie, LMU München, Germany
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121
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Norgren AS, Norberg T, Arvidsson PI. Glycosylated foldamers: synthesis of carbohydrate-modified β3hSer and incorporation into β-peptides. J Pept Sci 2007; 13:717-27. [PMID: 17890640 DOI: 10.1002/psc.832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Fmoc-protected beta(3)hserine (beta(3)hSer) was prepared and O-linked to suitably protected N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) and N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) derivatives. Glycosylation of beta(3)hSer was made by two independent routes: either by direct glycosyl linkage to the beta(3)hSer, or linkage to natural L-Ser and then utilizing the carbohydrate moiety as a protecting group in an Arndt-Eistert homologation. Both procedures gave the novel glycosylated beta(3)-amino acids Fmoc-beta(3)hSer(alpha-D-GalNAc(Ac)(3))-OH (1a), its beta-anomer (1b), and Fmoc-beta(3)hSer(beta-D-GlcNAc(Ac)(3))-OH (2), which were utilized in the solid-phase peptide synthesis of four glycosylated dipeptides (3a-d) and two heptapeptides (4a-b). The preparation of beta-amino acids bearing common post-translational modifiers represents an important step towards functionalized foldamers with broad applications in biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna S Norgren
- Department of Biochemistry & Organic Chemistry, Uppsala University, S-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
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122
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123
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First enantiospecific Baker–Venkataraman-rearrangements aiming at the total synthesis of chiral anthrapyran antibiotics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2006.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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124
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Yang YL, Chan QL, Ma XJ, Deng K, Shen YT, Feng XZ, Wang C. Electrical Conformational Bistability of Dimesogen Molecules with a Molecular Chord Structure. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 45:6889-93. [PMID: 17001729 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200600925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Lian Yang
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100080, PR China
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125
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Yang YL, Chan QL, Ma XJ, Deng K, Shen YT, Feng XZ, Wang C. Electrical Conformational Bistability of Dimesogen Molecules with a Molecular Chord Structure. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200600925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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126
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Dalluhn J, Pröhl HH, Henschel D, Blaschette A, Jones PG. POLYSULFONYLAMINE: TEIL LXXIV.1N-(ORGANYLOXYCARBONYL)-DIMESYLAMINE (N,N-DIMESYLCARBAMATE): ERSTSYNTHESE UND AUSGEWÄHLTE FESTKÖRPERSTRUKTUREN. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10426509608046422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Dalluhn
- a Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität , Postfach 3329, 38023, Braunschweig, Deutschland
| | - Hans-Heinrich Pröhl
- a Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität , Postfach 3329, 38023, Braunschweig, Deutschland
| | - Dagmar Henschel
- a Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität , Postfach 3329, 38023, Braunschweig, Deutschland
| | - Armand Blaschette
- a Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität , Postfach 3329, 38023, Braunschweig, Deutschland
| | - Peter G. Jones
- a Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität , Postfach 3329, 38023, Braunschweig, Deutschland
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127
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Kresse H, Szulzewsky I, Diele S, Paschke R. Stabilization and Induction of Liquid Crystalline Phases by Hydrogen Bonds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10587259408046912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Kresse
- a Martin-Luther-Universität Halle , Mühlpforte 1, 0-4020 , Halle/S , Germany
- b Institut für Physikalische Chemie , Mühlpforte 1, 0-4020 , Halle/S , Germany
| | - I. Szulzewsky
- a Martin-Luther-Universität Halle , Mühlpforte 1, 0-4020 , Halle/S , Germany
- b Institut für Physikalische Chemie , Mühlpforte 1, 0-4020 , Halle/S , Germany
| | - S. Diele
- a Martin-Luther-Universität Halle , Mühlpforte 1, 0-4020 , Halle/S , Germany
- b Institut für Physikalische Chemie , Mühlpforte 1, 0-4020 , Halle/S , Germany
| | - R. Paschke
- a Martin-Luther-Universität Halle , Mühlpforte 1, 0-4020 , Halle/S , Germany
- c Institut für Organische Chemie , Mühlpforte 1, 0-4020 , Halle/S , Germany
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128
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Brotzel F, Kempf B, Singer T, Zipse H, Mayr H. Nucleophilicities and Carbon Basicities of Pyridines. Chemistry 2006; 13:336-45. [PMID: 17009366 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200600941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Rate and equilibrium constants for the reactions of pyridines with donor-substituted benzhydrylium ions have been determined spectrophotometrically. The correlation equation log k(20 degrees C)=s(N+E), in which s and N are nucleophile-specific parameters and E is an electrophile-specific parameter, has been used to determine the nucleophilicity parameters of various pyridines in CH(2)Cl(2) and aqueous solution and to compare them with N of other nucleophiles. It is found that the nucleophilic organocatalyst 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP) and tertiary phosphanes have comparable nucleophilicities and carbon basicities despite widely differing Brønsted basicities. For that reason, these reactivity parameters are suggested as guidelines for the development of novel organocatalysts. The Marcus equation is employed for the determination of the intrinsic barriers of these reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Brotzel
- Department Chemie und Biochemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13 (Haus F), 81377 München, Germany
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129
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Demel P, Keller M, Breit B. o-DPPB-Directed Copper-Mediated and -Catalyzed Allylic Substitution with Grignard Reagents. Chemistry 2006; 12:6669-83. [PMID: 16800021 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200600225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The ortho-diphenylphosphanylbenzoyl (o-DPPB) group was explored as a directing leaving group in copper-mediated and copper-catalyzed allylic substitution with Grignard reagents. Complete control of chemo-, regio- and stereoselectivity with complete syn-1,3-chirality transfer was observed as a result of the directed nature of the reaction. No excess of organometallic reagent is required and the directing group can be recovered quantitatively. Coordination studies in the solid state and in solution have shown that two substrates are bound via the phosphine function of the directing group at copper. Dynamic NMR experiments in solution are in agreement with a ligand-exchange process at copper, a prerequisite for the development of a substoichiometric process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Demel
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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130
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Kim SM, Jun JG. DIASTEREOSELECTIVE ALKYLATION AND ALDOL REACTIONS MEDIATED BY THE d-MANNITOL-DERIVED OXAZOLIDIN-2-ONE AS A CHIRAL AUXILIARY. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2006. [DOI: 10.1081/scc-120015404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Si-Min Kim
- a Department of Chemistry , Hallym University , Chunchon, 200-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Gab Jun
- b Department of Chemistry , Hallym University , Chunchon, 200-702, Republic of Korea
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131
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Br Christensen SØG. Radiolabelling of the histamine liberating sesquiterpene lactone, thapsigargin. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.2580220110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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132
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Fischer CB, Xu S, Zipse H. Steric Effects in the Uncatalyzed and DMAP-Catalyzed Acylation of Alcohols—Quantifying the Window of Opportunity in Kinetic Resolution Experiments. Chemistry 2006; 12:5779-84. [PMID: 16718731 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200600280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of the reaction of several alcohols (benzyl alcohol, ethanol, 1-phenylethanol, cyclohexanol, and 1-methyl-1-phenylethanol) with a selection of anhydrides (acetic anyhydride, propionic anhydride, isobutyric anhydride, isovaleric anhydride, and pivalic anhydride) as catalyzed by 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP)/triethyl amine have been studied in CH(2)Cl(2) at 20 degrees C. In all cases the reaction kinetics can be described by rate laws containing a DMAP-catalyzed term and an uncatalyzed (background) term. The rate constants for the background reaction respond sensitively to changes in the steric demand of the alcohol and the anhydride substrates, making the reaction of cyclohexanol with acetic anhydride 526 times faster than the reaction with pivalic anhydride. Steric effects are even larger for the catalyzed reaction and the reactivity difference between acetic and pivalic anhydride exceeds a factor of 8000 for the reaction of cyclohexanol. There is, however, no linear correlation between the steric effects on the catalyzed and the uncatalyzed part. As a consequence there are substrate combinations with dominating catalytic terms (such as the reaction of benzyl alcohol with isobutyric anhydride), while other substrate combinations (such as the reaction of cyclohexanol with pivalic anhydride) are characterized through a dominating background process. The implications of these findings for the kinetic resolution of alcohols are discussed.
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133
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Krohn K. Synthetische Anthracyclinone, XVIII. Synthese des 13-Desoxo-6-desoxydaunomycinons und des β1-Citromycinons. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/jlac.198119811216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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134
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Langhals H, Grundei T, Potrawa T, Polborn K. Highly Photostable Organic Fluorescent Pigments - A Simple Synthesis of N-Arylpyrrolopyrrolediones (DPP). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/jlac.199619960506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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135
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Heesing A, Aspers M, Schwermann I. Methanolyse von Alkansulfinylchloriden als S
N
(S)‐Reaktion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19791120816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Albert Heesing
- Organisch‐Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster. Orléans‐Ring 23, D‐4400 Münster
| | - Marianne Aspers
- Organisch‐Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster. Orléans‐Ring 23, D‐4400 Münster
| | - Irmela Schwermann
- Organisch‐Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster. Orléans‐Ring 23, D‐4400 Münster
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136
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Anders E, Will W, Gaßner T. Zur Acylierbarkeit von Carbonylverbindungen mittels 1‐Acylpyridiniumsalzen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19831160426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ernst Anders
- Institut für Organische Chemie der Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg, Henkestr. 42, D‐8520 Erlangen
| | - Wolfgang Will
- Institut für Organische Chemie der Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg, Henkestr. 42, D‐8520 Erlangen
| | - Thomas Gaßner
- Institut für Organische Chemie der Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg, Henkestr. 42, D‐8520 Erlangen
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137
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Gros PC, Doudouh A, Woltermann C. First C-3 lithiation of DMAP: a new entry into chemical tuning of acylation catalysts. Chem Commun (Camb) 2006:2673-4. [PMID: 16786083 DOI: 10.1039/b605170g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A TMSCH2Li-based reagent promoted the first C-3 lithiation of DMAP opening a direct access to functional diversity in acylation catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe C Gros
- Synthèse Organométallique et Réactivité, UMR CNRS-UHP 7565 Université Henri Poincaré, Faculté des Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
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138
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Moitessier N, Englebienne P, Chapleur Y. Directing-protecting groups for carbohydrates. Design, conformational study, synthesis and application to regioselective functionalization. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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139
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Schneider JF, Nieger M, Nättinen K, Lewall B, Niecke E, Dötz KH. Novel [6]- and [7]Helicene-Like Quinones via Mono- and Bidirectional Chromium-Templated Benzannulation of Bridged Binaphthyl Carbene Complexes. European J Org Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200400800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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140
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Kappe T, Frühwirth F. Nichtsteroidale Entzündungshemmer V. Basische Ester des Indometacins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/prac.19903320408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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141
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Fittkau S, Jahreis G, Peters K, Baláspiri L. α-Aminoketone - Ein Beitrag zur Synthese optisch aktiver Derivate von Aminosäuren und Peptiden. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/prac.19863280410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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142
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Mühlebach M, Neuenschwander M. Synthese einer Calicen-Vorstufe fürRetro-Diels-Alder-Reaktionen. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19940770516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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143
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Näf-Müller R, Pickenhagen W, Willhalm B. New Irregular Monoterpenes inArtemisia vulgaris. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19810640519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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144
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Doppler T, Schmid H, Hansen HJ. Zur Photochemie von 2, 1-Benzisoxazolen (Anthranilen) und thermischen und photochemischen Umsetzungen von 2-Azido-acylbenzolen in stark saurer Lösung. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19790620133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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145
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Seebach D, Hoffmann T, Kühnle FNM, Lengweiler UD. Preparation and Structure of Oligolides from (R)-3-Hydroxypentanoic Acid and comparison with the hydroxybutanoic-acid derivatives: A small change with large consequences. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19940770727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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146
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Barner R, Hübscher J. Stereochemische Korrelationen zwischen (2R,4′R,8′R)-α-Tocopherol, (25S,26)-Dihydroxycholecalciferol, (-)-(1S,5R)-Frontalin und (-)-(R)-Linalol. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19830660321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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147
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Quinkert G, Küber F, Knauf W, Wacker M, Koch U, Becker H, Nestler HP, Dürner G, Zimmermann G, Bats JW, Egert E. Synthese des Makrolid-Antibiotikums (−)-A26771B mit Photolactonisierung als Schlüsselreaktion und Computersimulation als effektive Optimierungshilfe. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19910740828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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148
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Baudin G, Glänzer BI, Swaminathan KS, Vasella A. A Synthesis of 1D- and 1L-myo-Inositol 1,3,4,5,-Tetraphosphate. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19880710548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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149
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Quinkert G, Heim N, Glenneberg J, Döller U, Eichhorn M, Billhardt UM, Schwarz C, Zimmermann G, Bats JW, Dürner G. Synthese des Flechtenmakrolids (+)-Aspicilin mit Photolactonisierung als Schlüsselreaktion. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19880710719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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150
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Meier H, Rüedi P, Eugster CH. Synthese und Charakterisierung der 8 isomeren, im Ring B mono- bzw. dihydroxylierten Royleanone. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19810640304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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