101
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Huang HY, Wu HR, Wei F, Wang D, Liu L. Iodine-Catalyzed Direct Olefination of 2-Oxindoles and Alkenes via Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling (CDC) in Air. Org Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Huang
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory
of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong-Ru Wu
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory
of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Feng Wei
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory
of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory
of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Li Liu
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory
of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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102
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Huang JG, Guo Y, Li YD, Liu HW, Liao DH, Ji YF. Undecorated Cu(OAc)2-Catalyzed C(sp3)-C(sp3) Bond Formation throughpara-Hydroxy Group Triggered Remote Benzylic C(sp3)-H Bond Functionalization. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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103
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Nambo M, Crudden CM. Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Triarylmethanes by Transition Metal Catalysis. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b00909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Nambo
- Institute of Transformative
Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Cathleen M. Crudden
- Institute of Transformative
Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Queen’s University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario Canada K7L 3N6
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104
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Zhang C, Jiao N. Copper-catalyzed aerobic oxidative dehydrogenative coupling of anilines leading to aromatic azo compounds using dioxygen as an oxidant. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 49:6174-7. [PMID: 20652918 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201001651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 273] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Rd. 38, Beijing 100191, China
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105
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Reddy V, Vijaya Anand R. Expedient Access to Unsymmetrical Diarylindolylmethanes through Palladium-Catalyzed Domino Electrophilic Cyclization-Extended Conjugate Addition Approach. Org Lett 2015; 17:3390-3. [PMID: 26158477 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed domino process to access unsymmetrical diarylindolylmethanes has been developed through the annulation of o-alkynylanilines followed by 1,6-conjugate addition with p-quinone methides (p-QMs) under relatively mild conditions. The broad substrate scope of this methodology was demonstrated through the use of a wide range of substituted o-alkynylanilines and p-quinone methides, and in most cases, the unsymmetrical diarylindolylmethanes could be prepared in moderate to excellent yields. Notably, this method does not require any amino group protection. Moreover, 100% atom economy makes this transformation attractive from a green chemistry perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virsinha Reddy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, Knowledge City, S. A. S. Nagar, Manauli (PO), Punjab 140306, India
| | - Ramasamy Vijaya Anand
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81, Knowledge City, S. A. S. Nagar, Manauli (PO), Punjab 140306, India
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106
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Wang X, Yu DG, Glorius F. Cp*RhIII-Catalyzed Arylation of C(sp3)H Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:10280-3. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201503888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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107
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Wang X, Yu DG, Glorius F. Cp*RhIII-katalysierte Arylierung von C(sp3)-H-Bindungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201503888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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108
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Zhou L, Xu B, Zhang J. Metal-Free Dehydrogenative Diels-Alder Reactions of 2-Methyl-3-Alkylindoles with Dienophiles: Rapid Access to Tetrahydrocarbazoles, Carbazoles, and Heteroacenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201503549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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109
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Zhou L, Xu B, Zhang J. Metal-Free Dehydrogenative Diels-Alder Reactions of 2-Methyl-3-Alkylindoles with Dienophiles: Rapid Access to Tetrahydrocarbazoles, Carbazoles, and Heteroacenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:9092-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201503549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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110
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Johnson AG, Tranquilli MM, Harris MR, Jarvo ER. Selective synthesis of either enantiomer of an anti-breast cancer agent via a common enantioenriched intermediate. Tetrahedron Lett 2015; 56:3486-3488. [PMID: 26085695 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.02.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A stereoselective synthesis of a bioactive triarylmethane is described. Key to the synthesis is a nickel-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura coupling which proceeds with retention at the benzylic center. This method is complementary to our previously reported nickel-catalyzed Kumada coupling which proceeds with inversion. Together, the two methods allow for efficient access to either enantiomer of biologically relevant triarylmethanes from a common enantioenriched intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron George Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 (USA)
| | - Marissa M Tranquilli
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 (USA)
| | - Michael R Harris
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 (USA)
| | - Elizabeth R Jarvo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 (USA)
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111
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Graczyk K, Haven T, Ackermann L. Iron-Catalyzed C(sp2)H and C(sp3)H Methylations of Amides and Anilides. Chemistry 2015; 21:8812-5. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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112
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Kothandapani J, Ganesan A, Vairaprakash P, Ganesan SS. Copper(II) chloride assisted aryl exchange in arylmethanes: a simple and efficient route to triarylmethane derivatives. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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113
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Su B, Cao ZC, Shi ZJ. Exploration of earth-abundant transition metals (Fe, Co, and Ni) as catalysts in unreactive chemical bond activations. Acc Chem Res 2015; 48:886-96. [PMID: 25679917 DOI: 10.1021/ar500345f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 533] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Activation of inert chemical bonds, such as C-H, C-O, C-C, and so on, is a very important area, to which has been drawn much attention by chemists for a long time and which is viewed as one of the most ideal ways to produce valuable chemicals. Under modern chemical bond activation logic, many conventionally viewed "inert" chemical bonds that were intact under traditional conditions can be reconsidered as novel functionalities, which not only avoids the tedious synthetic procedures for prefunctionalizations and the emission of undesirable wastes but also inspires chemists to create novel synthetic strategies in completely different manners. Although activation of "inert" chemical bonds using stoichiometric amounts of transition metals has been reported in the past, much more attractive and challenging catalytic transformations began to blossom decades ago. Compared with the broad application of late and noble transition metals in this field, the earth-abundant first-row transition-metals, such as Fe, Co, and Ni, have become much more attractive, due to their obvious advantages, including high abundance on earth, low price, low or no toxicity, and unique catalytic characteristics. In this Account, we summarize our recent efforts toward Fe, Co, and Ni catalyzed "inert" chemical bond activation. Our research first unveiled the unique catalytic ability of iron catalysts in C-O bond activation of both carboxylates and benzyl alcohols in the presence of Grignard reagents. The benzylic C-H functionalization was also developed via Fe catalysis with different nucleophiles, including both electron-rich arenes and 1-aryl-vinyl acetates. Cobalt catalysts also showed their uniqueness in both aromatic C-H activation and C-O activation in the presence of Grignard reagents. We reported the first cobalt-catalyzed sp(2) C-H activation/arylation and alkylation of benzo[h]quinoline and phenylpyridine, in which a new catalytic pathway via an oxidative addition process was demonstrated to be much preferable. Another interesting discovery was the Co-catalyzed magnesiation of benzylic alcohols in the presence of different Grignard reagents, which proceeded via Co-mediated selective C-O bond activation. In C-O activation, Ni catalysts were found to be most powerful, showing the high efficacy in different kinds of couplings starting form "inert" O-based electrophiles. In addition, Ni catalysts exhibited their power in C-H and C-C activation, which have been proven by us and pioneers in this field. Notably, our developments indicated that the catalytic efficacy in cross coupling between aryl bromides and arenes under mild conditions was not the privilege of several noble metals; most of the transition metals exhibited credible catalytic ability, including Fe, Co, and Ni. We hope our studies inspire more interest in the development of first row transition metal-catalyzed inert chemical bond functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Su
- Beijing
National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) and Key Laboratory
of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhi-Chao Cao
- Beijing
National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) and Key Laboratory
of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhang-Jie Shi
- Beijing
National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) and Key Laboratory
of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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114
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Guo S, Li Y, Wang Y, Guo X, Meng X, Chen B. Iron-Catalyzed Cross Dehydrogenative Coupling (CDC) of Indoles and Benzylic CH Bonds. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201400938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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115
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingmar Bauer
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Knölker
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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116
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Yang K, Song Q. Fe-Catalyzed Double Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling of 1,3-Dicarbonyl Compounds and Arylmethanes. Org Lett 2015; 17:548-51. [DOI: 10.1021/ol503556x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- Institute
of Next Generation
Matter Transformation, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Qiuling Song
- Institute
of Next Generation
Matter Transformation, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, 668 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
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117
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118
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Guo LN, Wang S, Duan XH, Zhou SL. Iron-catalyzed tandem cyclization of olefinic dicarbonyl compounds with benzylic Csp3–H bonds for the synthesis of dihydrofurans. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:4803-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc00426h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel iron-catalyzed radical cyclization of olefinic dicarbonyl compounds with benzyl hydrocarbons and simple alkanes has been developed. This protocol provides ready access to a variety of dihydrofurans containing a quaternary carbon center in moderate to good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Na Guo
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science and MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710049
- China
| | - Shun Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science and MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710049
- China
| | - Xin-Hua Duan
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science and MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710049
- China
| | - Shi-Liu Zhou
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science and MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an 710049
- China
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119
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Banerjee A, Santra SK, Mishra A, Khatun N, Patel BK. Copper(i)-promoted cycloalkylation–peroxidation of unactivated alkenes via sp3C–H functionalisation. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:1307-12. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob01962h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A copper-promoted cycloalkylation–peroxidation strategy has been developedviaa three-component reaction involving cycloalkanes,tert-butyl hydroperoxide and internal conjugated alkene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghya Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- Assam
- India
| | | | - Aniket Mishra
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- Assam
- India
| | - Nilufa Khatun
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- Assam
- India
| | - Bhisma K. Patel
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati
- Assam
- India
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120
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Jiao ZW, Tu YQ, Zhang Q, Liu WX, Wang SH, Wang M. Formal synthesis of (−)-platensimycin. Org Chem Front 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5qo00109a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient formal synthesis of (−)-platensimycin was completed by using a tandem C–H oxidation/C–C coupling (cyclization)/rearrangement as the key step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wei Jiao
- School of Pharmacy & State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Yong-Qiang Tu
- School of Pharmacy & State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
- P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Tianjin
| | - Qing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy & State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Wen-Xing Liu
- School of Pharmacy & State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Shao-Hua Wang
- School of Pharmacy & State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Min Wang
- College of Material
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310036
- P. R. China
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121
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Liu W, Liu C, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Abdukadera A, Wang B, Li H, Ma X, Zhang Z. Reusable ionic liquid-catalyzed oxidative coupling of azoles and benzylic compounds via sp3 C–N bond formation under metal-free conditions. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:7154-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00781j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The heterocyclic ionic liquid-catalyzed direct oxidative amination of benzylic sp3 C–H bonds via intermolecular sp3 C–N bond formation for the synthesis of N-alkylated azoles under metal-free conditions is reported for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals
- Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Physics and Chemistry Detecting Center
| | - Chenjiang Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals
- Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Physics and Chemistry Detecting Center
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals
- Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Physics and Chemistry Detecting Center
| | - Yadong Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals
- Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Physics and Chemistry Detecting Center
| | - Ablimit Abdukadera
- The Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals
- Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Physics and Chemistry Detecting Center
| | - Bin Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals
- Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Physics and Chemistry Detecting Center
| | - He Li
- The Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals
- Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Physics and Chemistry Detecting Center
| | - Xuecheng Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals
- Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Physics and Chemistry Detecting Center
| | - Zengpeng Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals
- Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Physics and Chemistry Detecting Center
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122
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Liang Y, Liang YF, Jiao N. Cu- or Fe-catalyzed C–H/C–C bond nitrogenation reactions for the direct synthesis of N-containing compounds. Org Chem Front 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4qo00350k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This tutorial account summarizes the recent progress in Cu- or Fe-catalyzed C–H/C–C bond nitrogenation reactions for the direct synthesis of N-containing compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Peking University
- Beijing 100191
- China
| | - Yu-Feng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Peking University
- Beijing 100191
- China
| | - Ning Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Peking University
- Beijing 100191
- China
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123
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Zhang Z, Xie C, Tan X, Song G, Wen L, Gao H, Ma C. I2-catalyzed one-pot synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxaline and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives via sp3and sp2C–H cross-dehydrogenative coupling. Org Chem Front 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5qo00124b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient I2-catalyzed cascade coupling protocol was developed for the synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxaline and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivativesviasp3and sp2C–H cross-dehydrogenative coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- P R China
| | - Caixia Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- P R China
| | - Xiaochen Tan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- P R China
| | - Gaolei Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- P R China
| | - Leilin Wen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- P R China
| | - He Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- P R China
| | - Chen Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan
- P R China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
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124
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Chen Z, Wang B, Zhang J, Yu W, Liu Z, Zhang Y. Transition metal-catalyzed C–H bond functionalizations by the use of diverse directing groups. Org Chem Front 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5qo00004a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1238] [Impact Index Per Article: 137.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In this review, a summary of transition metal-catalyzed C–H activation by utilizing the functionalities as directing groups is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengkai Chen
- ZJU-NHU United R&D Center
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Binjie Wang
- ZJU-NHU United R&D Center
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Jitan Zhang
- ZJU-NHU United R&D Center
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Wenlong Yu
- ZJU-NHU United R&D Center
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Zhanxiang Liu
- ZJU-NHU United R&D Center
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- ZJU-NHU United R&D Center
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
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125
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Correa A, Fiser B, Gómez-Bengoa E. Iron-catalyzed direct α-arylation of ethers with azoles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc05005g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The direct α-arylation of cyclic and acyclic ethers with azoles has been achieved, which features a novel iron-catalyzed cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkaitz Correa
- Department of Organic Chemistry I
- University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)
- Joxe Mari Korta R&D Center
- 20018 Donostia-San Sebastión
- Spain
| | - Béla Fiser
- Department of Organic Chemistry I
- University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)
- 20080 Donostia-San Sebastián
- Spain
| | - Enrique Gómez-Bengoa
- Department of Organic Chemistry I
- University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)
- 20080 Donostia-San Sebastián
- Spain
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126
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Nambo M, Yar M, Smith JD, Crudden CM. The Concise Synthesis of Unsymmetric Triarylacetonitriles via Pd-Catalyzed Sequential Arylation: A New Synthetic Approach to Tri- and Tetraarylmethanes. Org Lett 2014; 17:50-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol503213z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Nambo
- Institute
of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Muhammad Yar
- Institute
of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Joel D. Smith
- Department
of Chemistry, Queen’s University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - Cathleen M. Crudden
- Institute
of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
- Department
of Chemistry, Queen’s University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6
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127
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Zhou SL, Guo LN, Duan XH. Copper-Catalyzed Regioselective Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling of Coumarins with Benzylic Csp3-H Bonds. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201403068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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128
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Qiu J, Zhang R. Direct transformation of arylpropynes to acrylamides via a three-step tandem reaction. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:1556-60. [PMID: 24480932 DOI: 10.1039/c3ob42444h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel and metal-free acrylamides formation between arylpropynes and hydroxylamine hydrochloride through sp(3) C-H and C-C bond cleavage has been achieved with DDQ as an oxidant. The mechanistic study shows that the acrylamides are formed through a three-step tandem sequence, including cross-dehydrogenative-coupling (CDC) reaction, aza-Meyer-Schuster rearrangement and Beckmann rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
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129
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Wang Q, Zheng H, Chai W, Chen D, Zeng X, Fu R, Yuan R. Copper catalyzed C-O bond formation via oxidative cross-coupling reaction of aldehydes and ethers. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:6549-53. [PMID: 25033411 DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00862f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A practical and efficient construction of C-O bonds via oxidative cross-coupling reaction of aldehydes and ethers has been realized under open air. When 2 mol% copper was used as the catalyst, various α-acyloxy ethers were obtained with up to 93% isolated yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Changshu Institute of Technology, 99 South 3rd Ring, Changshu, 215500, P. R. China.
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130
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Metal-free cross-dehydrogenative coupling of benzimidazoles with aldehydes to N-acylbenzimidazoles. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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131
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Lai J, Du W, Tian L, Zhao C, She X, Tang S. Fe-Catalyzed Direct Dithioacetalization of Aldehydes with 2-Chloro-1,3-dithiane. Org Lett 2014; 16:4396-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol502276r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Junshan Lai
- School
of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Wenbin Du
- School
of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Lixia Tian
- School
of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Changgui Zhao
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xuegong She
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Shouchu Tang
- School
of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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132
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Ye JQ, Zhang ZL, Zha ZG, Wang ZY. A green and efficient access to aryl nitriles via an electrochemical anodic oxidation. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2014.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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133
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134
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Tabuchi S, Hirano K, Satoh T, Miura M. Synthesis of Triarylmethanes by Palladium-Catalyzed C–H/C–O Coupling of Oxazoles and Diarylmethanol Derivatives. J Org Chem 2014; 79:5401-11. [DOI: 10.1021/jo5010636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sho Tabuchi
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Koji Hirano
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Satoh
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahiro Miura
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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135
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Shirakawa S, Koga K, Tokuda T, Yamamoto K, Maruoka K. Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of 3,3′-Diaryloxindoles as Triarylmethanes with a Chiral All-Carbon Quaternary Center: Phase-Transfer-Catalyzed SNAr Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201403046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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136
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Shirakawa S, Koga K, Tokuda T, Yamamoto K, Maruoka K. Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of 3,3′-Diaryloxindoles as Triarylmethanes with a Chiral All-Carbon Quaternary Center: Phase-Transfer-Catalyzed SNAr Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:6220-3. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201403046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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137
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Cheng Y, Dong W, Wang L, Parthasarathy K, Bolm C. Iron-Catalyzed Hetero-Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling Reactions of Sulfoximines with Diarylmethanes: A New Route to N-Alkylated Sulfoximines. Org Lett 2014; 16:2000-2. [DOI: 10.1021/ol500573f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cheng
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg
1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Wanrong Dong
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg
1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Long Wang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg
1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Carsten Bolm
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg
1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
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138
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Gu Q, Al Mamari HH, Graczyk K, Diers E, Ackermann L. Eisen-katalysierte C(sp2)-H- und C(sp3)-H-Arylierung mit Triazol-Unterstützung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201311024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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139
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Gu Q, Al Mamari HH, Graczyk K, Diers E, Ackermann L. Iron-Catalyzed C(sp2)H and C(sp3)H Arylation by Triazole Assistance. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:3868-71. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201311024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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140
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Wang ZL, Li HL, Ge LS, An XL, Zhang ZG, Luo X, Fossey JS, Deng WP. DDQ-mediated oxidative coupling: an approach to 2,3-dicyanofuran (thiophene). J Org Chem 2014; 79:1156-65. [PMID: 24428373 DOI: 10.1021/jo4026034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A facile oxidative coupling of α-carbonyl radicals to 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyanobenzoquinone (DDQ) for the synthesis of 2,3-dicyanofurans and thiophenes starting from readily available β-diketones, simple ketones, and β-keto thioamides in up to 95% yield in one step was developed. Mechanistic investigations revealed that a radical process could be involved in this transformation, and a water promoted C-C bond cleavage pathway is proposed for the formation of 2,3-dicyanofurans and thiophenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Lin Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design & School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology , 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
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141
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Abstract
Iron-catalyzed/mediated C–H bond oxidation has been demonstrated as one of practical and straightforward tools in synthetic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Jia
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing 100872, China
| | - Zhiping Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Renmin University of China
- Beijing 100872, China
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142
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Zhou SL, Guo LN, Wang S, Duan XH. Copper-catalyzed tandem oxidative cyclization of cinnamamides with benzyl hydrocarbons through cross-dehydrogenative coupling. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:3589-91. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc00637b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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143
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Zhang X, Wang M, Li P, Wang L. n-Bu4NI/TBHP-catalyzed direct amination of allylic and benzylic C(sp3)–H with anilines under metal-free conditions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:8006-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc01189a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
An efficient n-Bu4NI/TBHP-catalyzed direct amination of allylic and benzylic C(sp3)–H with anilines under metal-free conditions was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xusheng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Huaibei Normal University
- Huaibei, P. R. China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Huaibei Normal University
- Huaibei, P. R. China
| | - Pinhua Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Huaibei Normal University
- Huaibei, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Huaibei Normal University
- Huaibei, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
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144
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Ueno R, Shirakawa E. Base-promoted dehydrogenative coupling of benzene derivatives with amides or ethers. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:7469-73. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob01253d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Electronically neutral and deficient benzene derivatives are introduced into the dehydrogenative coupling as arenes that couple with amides/ethers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Ueno
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Kyoto University
- Sakyo, Japan
| | - Eiji Shirakawa
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Kyoto University
- Sakyo, Japan
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145
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Li M, Dong J, Huang X, Li K, Wu Q, Song F, You J. Nickel-catalyzed chelation-assisted direct arylation of unactivated C(sp3)–H bonds with aryl halides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:3944-6. [PMID: 24599346 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc00716f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The nickel-catalyzed chelation-assisted unactivated β-C(sp3)–H bond arylation of aliphatic acid derivatives with aryl iodides/bromides has been achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy
- West China Medical School
- Sichuan University
| | - Jiaxing Dong
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy
- West China Medical School
- Sichuan University
| | - Xiaolei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy
- West China Medical School
- Sichuan University
| | - Kaizhi Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy
- West China Medical School
- Sichuan University
| | - Qian Wu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy
- West China Medical School
- Sichuan University
| | - Feijie Song
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy
- West China Medical School
- Sichuan University
| | - Jingsong You
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy
- West China Medical School
- Sichuan University
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146
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Nambo M, Crudden CM. Modular Synthesis of Triarylmethanes through Palladium-Catalyzed Sequential Arylation of Methyl Phenyl Sulfone. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 53:742-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201307019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Revised: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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147
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Nambo M, Crudden CM. Modular Synthesis of Triarylmethanes through Palladium-Catalyzed Sequential Arylation of Methyl Phenyl Sulfone. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201307019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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148
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Sawama Y, Shishido Y, Kawajiri T, Goto R, Monguchi Y, Sajiki H. Iron-Catalyzed Friedel-Crafts Benzylation with Benzyl TMS Ethers at Room Temperature. Chemistry 2013; 20:510-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201302862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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149
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Wertjes WC, Wolfe LC, Waller PJ, Kalyani D. Nickel or phenanthroline mediated intramolecular arylation of sp3 C-H bonds using aryl halides. Org Lett 2013; 15:5986-9. [PMID: 24256509 DOI: 10.1021/ol402869h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The development of the intramolecular arylation of sp(3) C-H bonds adjacent to nitrogen using aryl halides is described. Arylation was accomplished using either Ni(COD)2 or 1,10-phenanthroline in substoichiometric amounts, and the reaction conditions were applied to a variety of electronically differentiated benzamide substrates. Preliminary studies suggest a mechanism involving aryl and alkyl radical intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- William C Wertjes
- Department of Chemistry, St. Olaf College , 1520 St. Olaf Avenue, Northfield, Minnesota 55057, United States
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150
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Xu JH, Jiang Q, Guo CC. Phenyliodonium Diacetate Mediated Direct Synthesis of Benzonitriles from Styrenes through Oxidative Cleavage of C═C Bonds. J Org Chem 2013; 78:11881-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jo401919h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hui Xu
- College
of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Qing Jiang
- College
of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Can-Cheng Guo
- College
of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
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