101
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Rezanka P, Záruba K, Král V. A change in nucleotide selectivity pattern of porphyrin derivatives after immobilization on gold nanoparticles. Tetrahedron Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.08.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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102
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Rizkov D, Mizrahi S, Gun J, Hoffman R, Melman A, Lev O. Nonstoichiometric gelation of cyclodextrins and included planar guests. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:11902-11910. [PMID: 18785719 DOI: 10.1021/la801592n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A generic family of low molecular weight binary gels comprising beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) and one of a large variety of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in dimethylformamide (DMF), pyridine, and other polar solvents is described. The system is rather general and robust. It tolerates large changes in each of the major ingredients without losing gelation ability. alpha- and gamma-CD, and negatively or positively modified beta-CD (e.g., sulfate-, phosphate-, or amine-tethered beta-CD) as well as methylated beta-CD are all effective gelators. The cogelators encompass a similarly large variety of compounds characterized by the ability to form an ovular inclusion complex with the CD molecules and a capability to stack outside the CD cap to give long-range order far from the CD cap. Despite the low ratio between the CD and the cogelators, we show that most of the CD molecules are retained in the liquid phase and do not participate directly in the actual construction of the gel network. In fact, most of the sulfated and phosphated beta-CDs can be cleaned off the gel structure by electrophoresis, leaving an intact gel porous structure. The nonstoichiometric nature of the gel is underscored by the fact that one molecule of beta-CD can combine with as few as three molecules of chrysene or as many as 450 molecules of chrysene to gelate an additional 35,000-40,000 molecules of the solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Rizkov
- The Casali Institute and the NMR Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond E. Safra Givat Ram Campus, Jerusalem, 91904 Israel
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103
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Liu X, Zhu M, Chen S, Yuan M, Guo Y, Song Y, Liu H, Li Y. Organic-inorganic nanohybrids via directly grafting gold nanoparticles onto conjugated copolymers through the Diels-Alder reaction. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:11967-11974. [PMID: 18759505 DOI: 10.1021/la8020639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Nanocomposites of poly- p-phenyleneethynylene gold nanoparticles (PPE-Au) were synthesized via directly grafting maleimide functionalized gold nanoparticles (MA-Au) onto PPE chains by a mild Diels-Alder reaction. The Diels-Alder reaction between copolymers and MA-Au leads to self-assembly of the MA-Au as well as enhances electronic communication between the copolymers and inorganic particles. The as-prepared hybrid nanoassemblies show homogeneous status and well-defined interfaces, which facilitate the electronic interaction between conjugated polymers and gold nanoparticles. Moreover, dramatic photophysical properties and an influence on the assembly behavior of gold nanoparticles are also exhibited, which allows this procedure to be performed as a smart assay for monitoring the process of the Diels-Alder reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Center for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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104
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Zhu H, Coleman DM, Dehen CJ, Geisler IM, Zemlyanov D, Chmielewski J, Simpson GJ, Wei A. Assembly of dithiocarbamate-anchored monolayers on gold surfaces in aqueous solutions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:8660-8666. [PMID: 18616309 PMCID: PMC2585038 DOI: 10.1021/la801254b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Dithiocarbamates (DTCs) can be formed by the in situ condensation of polar alkylamines with CS 2, and assembled into dithiocarbamate-anchored monolayers (DAMs) on Au substrates in aqueous solutions. Primary and secondary amines can both be used to prepare DTCs, but have significant differences in their reactivities and product stabilities. Ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy provides a convenient method for monitoring in situ DTC formation as well as the formation of potential byproducts. The kinetics of DAM assembly on Au substrates as measured by second harmonic generation (SHG) indicated first-order rate processes and saturation coverages similar to those of alkanethiols on Au. However, the rate of adsorption did not change with DTC concentration in a manner expected of Langmuir kinetics, and is attributed to the competitive adsorption of alkylammonium counterions to the freshly oxidized Au substrate. These analyses establish a practical range of conditions for preparing DAMs from polar amines using in situ DTC formation.
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105
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Wu SH, Wu YS, Chen CH. Colorimetric Sensitivity of Gold Nanoparticles: Minimizing Interparticular Repulsion as a General Approach. Anal Chem 2008; 80:6560-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ac800589s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hsun Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, and Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 10617
| | - Yi-Shan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, and Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 10617
| | - Chun-hsien Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, and Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 10617
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106
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Gole A, Stone JW, Gemmill WR, zur Loye HC, Murphy CJ. Iron oxide coated gold nanorods: synthesis, characterization, and magnetic manipulation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:6232-7. [PMID: 18484755 DOI: 10.1021/la703975y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We report a simple process to generate iron oxide coated gold nanorods. Gold nanorods, synthesized by our three-step seed mediated protocol, were coated with a layer of polymer, poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate). The negatively charged polymer on the nanorod surface electrostatically attracted a mixture of aqueous iron(II) and iron(III) ions. Base-mediated coprecipitation of iron salts was used to form uniform coatings of iron oxide nanoparticles onto the surface of gold nanorods. The magnetic properties were studied using a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer, which indicated superparamagnetic behavior of the composites. These iron oxide coated gold nanorods were studied for macroscopic magnetic manipulation and were found to be weakly magnetic. For comparison, premade iron oxide nanoparticles, attached to gold nanorods by electrostatic interactions, were also studied. Although control over uniform coating of the nanorods was difficult to achieve, magnetic manipulation was improved in the latter case. The products of both synthetic methods were monitored by UV-vis spectroscopy, zeta potential measurements, and transmission electron microscopy. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to determine the oxidation state of iron in the gold nanorod-iron oxide composites, which is consistent with Fe2O3 rather than Fe3O4. The simple method of iron oxide coating is general and applicable to different nanoparticles, and it enables magnetic field-assisted ordering of assemblies of nanoparticles for different applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Gole
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter Street, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA.
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107
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Soja GR, Mann JR, Watson DF. Temporal evolution of the composition of mixed monolayers on TiO2 surfaces: evidence for a dimerization-induced chelate effect. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:5249-5252. [PMID: 18399663 DOI: 10.1021/la800731p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Mixed monolayers of octanoic acid (OA) and 16-mercaptohexadecanoic acid (MHDA) were adsorbed to nanocrystalline TiO(2) films from mixed solutions in tetrahydrofuran. For a range of solution compositions, the mole fraction of MHDA within the mixed monolayers (chi (MHDA,surf)) exceeded that of the coadsorption solution. In addition, chi (MHDA,surf) increased with time, while the sum of the surface coverages of MHDA and OA remained constant. To account for these effects, we propose a mechanism involving disulfide formation between the terminal thiol groups of surface-adsorbed MHDA molecules. Disulfide formation leads to an increase in the surface adduct formation constant ( K(ad)) of dimeric MHDA, causing the gradual displacement of OA from the surface. The mechanism is supported by spectroscopic evidence and desorption kinetics. These are the first examples of mixed monolayers that undergo time-dependent compositional changes as a result of covalent bond formation between surfactants. Our findings illustrate that dimerization and other intermolecular interactions between surfactants may dramatically influence the composition and terminal functionalization of a wide range of mixed monolayer systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory R Soja
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, USA
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108
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Massue J, Quinn SJ, Gunnlaugsson T. Lanthanide Luminescent Displacement Assays: The Sensing of Phosphate Anions Using Eu(III)−Cyclen-Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles in Aqueous Solution. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:6900-1. [DOI: 10.1021/ja800361e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Massue
- School of Chemistry, Center for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Susan J. Quinn
- School of Chemistry, Center for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School of Chemistry, Center for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
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109
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Nikitin K, Lestini E, Stolarczyk J, Müller-Bunz H, Fitzmaurice D. Quantitative Conformational Study of Redox-Active [2]Rotaxanes, Part 2: Switching in Flexible and Rigid Bistable [2]Rotaxanes. Chemistry 2008; 14:1117-28. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200701384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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110
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Luo C, Zuo F, Zheng Z, Cheng X, Ding X, Peng Y. Tunable Smart Surface of Gold Nanoparticles Achieved by Light-Controlled Molecular Recognition Effection. Macromol Rapid Commun 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.200700555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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111
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Minami T, Kaneko K, Nagasaki T, Kubo Y. Isothiouronium-based amphiphilic gold nanoparticles with a colorimetric response to hydrophobic anions in water: a new strategy for fluoride ion detection in the presence of a phenylboronic acid. Tetrahedron Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.11.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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112
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Shukla R, Hill E, Shi X, Kim J, Muniz MC, Sun K, Baker JR. Tumor microvasculature targeting with dendrimer-entrapped gold nanoparticles. SOFT MATTER 2008; 4:2160-2163. [PMID: 21922025 PMCID: PMC3171797 DOI: 10.1039/b810885d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Monodisperse dendrimer-entrapped gold nanoparticles (diameter = 3.0 nm) were prepared using G5 poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer functionalized with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FI) and Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide as template; in vitro targeting efficacy to integrin receptor expressing cells was confirmed by flow cytometry, confocal microscopy, and ICP-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rameshwer Shukla
- Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Abor, MI 48109, USA
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113
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Battistini G, Cozzi PG, Jalkanen JP, Montalti M, Prodi L, Zaccheroni N, Zerbetto F. The erratic emission of pyrene on gold nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2008; 2:77-84. [PMID: 19206550 DOI: 10.1021/nn700241w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles functionalized with chromophores are known to present unpredictable fluorescence as a function of their structure. Odd-even effects, based on the number of methylene units of the chain to which the fluorophore is attached, and the nature of the anchoring group on the gold surface have, in the past, been suggested to be responsible for the behavior. Here we investigate the fluorescence processes of two newly synthesized pyrene derivatives bound to gold nanoparticles. Two structurally identical ligands, differing only in the nature of the anchoring group (a thiolate in one case and an amine in the other), were newly synthetized and attached to the gold nanoparticles. The same changes in the fluorescence properties, namely, a red spectral shift with a moderate increase of the quantum yield and a shortening of the excited-state lifetime, are observed in the two cases and ascribed to the proximity of the gold core. By comparison with the results reported for other pyrene derivatives, it has been possible to draw the conclusions that (i) the nature of the binding group does not affect the fluorescence properties of the fluorophores attached to the nanoparticle surface and (ii) much stronger fluorescence is observed in the case of pyrene separated from the gold by short alkyl chain. The unusual behavior is explained in simple terms of competing chain-chain and chromophore-chromophore interactions and by means of proper energy diagrams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gionata Battistini
- Dipartimento di Chimica G. Ciamician, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
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114
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von Holt B, Kudera S, Weiss A, Schrader TE, Manna L, Parak WJ, Braun M. Ligand exchange of CdSe nanocrystals probed by optical spectroscopy in the visible and mid-IR. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1039/b720009a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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115
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De Girolamo J, Reiss P, Zagorska M, De Bettignies R, Bailly S, Mevellec JY, Lefrant S, Travers JP, Pron A. Layer-by-layer assembled composite films of side-functionalized poly(3-hexylthiophene) and CdSe nanocrystals: electrochemical, spectroelectrochemical and photovoltaic properties. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2008; 10:4027-35. [DOI: 10.1039/b803029d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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116
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Ohyama J, Hitomi Y, Higuchi Y, Shinagawa M, Mukai H, Kodera M, Teramura K, Shishido T, Tanaka T. One-phase synthesis of small gold nanoparticles coated by a horizontal porphyrin monolayer. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:6300-2. [DOI: 10.1039/b815100h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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117
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Yoshimoto K, Hoshino Y, Ishii T, Nagasaki Y. Binding enhancement of antigen-functionalized PEGylated gold nanoparticles onto antibody-immobilized surface by increasing the functionalized antigen using α-sulfanyl-ω-amino-PEG. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:5369-71. [DOI: 10.1039/b811818c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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118
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Abstract
Active transition metals, namely, nickel, copper and iron, have been prepared by the reduction of the corresponding chlorides with lithium and a catalytic amount of an arene. These metals, in the form of nanoparticles, have found application in the reduction of a wide variety of functional groups as well as in the alkylation of methyl ketones with primary alcohols.
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119
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120
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Balzani V, Credi A, Venturi M. Processing Energy and Signals by Molecular and Supramolecular Systems. Chemistry 2007; 14:26-39. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200701397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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121
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Huang CC, Yang Z, Lee KH, Chang HT. Synthesis of Highly Fluorescent Gold Nanoparticles for Sensing Mercury(II). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200700803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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122
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Huang CC, Yang Z, Lee KH, Chang HT. Synthesis of Highly Fluorescent Gold Nanoparticles for Sensing Mercury(II). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:6824-8. [PMID: 17674391 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200700803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 500] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ching Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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123
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Kinge SS, Crego-Calama M, Reinhoudt DN. Gold nanoparticle assemblies through hydrogen-bonded supramolecular mediators. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2007; 23:8772-7. [PMID: 17630787 DOI: 10.1021/la700514u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of spherical gold nanoparticle assemblies with multicomponent double rosette molecular boxes as mediators is presented. These nine-component hydrogen-bonded supramolecular structures held together by 36 hydrogen bonds induce gold nanoparticle assembly. The morphologies of the nanoparticle assemblies can be tuned easily by changing the quantity of the building block chemisorbed on the nanoparticle surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin S Kinge
- Laboratory of Supramolecular Chemistry and Technology, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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124
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Nanoparticles in Liquid Crystals: Synthesis, Self-Assembly, Defect Formation and Potential Applications. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-007-9140-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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125
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Srnec M, Zahradník R. Small Group IIa–VIa Clusters and Related Systems: A Theoretical Study of Physical Properties, Reactivity, and Electronic Spectra. Eur J Inorg Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200600816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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126
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Lin SY, Chen CH, Lin MC, Hsu HF. A cooperative effect of bifunctionalized nanoparticles on recognition: sensing alkali ions by crown and carboxylate moieties in aqueous media. Anal Chem 2007; 77:4821-8. [PMID: 16053294 DOI: 10.1021/ac050443r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Reported here is a cooperative effect that the sensing efficiency of the active group on gold nanoparticles (GNPs) can be significantly influenced by another proximal functional group. We previously developed a visual sensing scheme for K+ by 15-crown-5-CH2O(CH2)12SH functionalized GNPs in aqueous matrix. Upon adding K+, the GNP solution changes from red to blue. Such a transform is triggered by a 2-to-1 sandwich complexation of crown to K+, resulting in the red shift of surface plasmon absorption due to GNP aggregation. Herein, we discover that introducing a second functionality, thioctic acid (TA), onto GNPs significantly affects the sensing efficiency of crown moieties (15-crown-5-CH2O(CH2)n)SH and 12-crown-4-CH2O(CH2)nSH, where n = 4, 8, and 12). The rate constant of K+ recognition by TA- and 15-crown-5-CH2O(CH2)4S-bifunctionalized GNPs is more than 4 orders of magnitude faster than the others containing longer methylene chains. The same chain-length dependence is also found in the case of Na+ sensing by 12-crown-4 functionalized GNPs. The discrepancy in sensing performance is attributed to a cooperative effect that the negatively charged carboxylate of TA may preorganize the crown moiety for K+ recognition. This method is applied to measure K+ and Na+ in human urine by UV-visible spectrometry. By adjusting the concentrations of GNPs, the dynamic ranges tuned for K+ and Na+ are, respectively, 6.25 microM-1.12 mM and 0.156-4.00 mM, suitable for real samples pretreated simply by 10-fold dilution. The results ([K+] = 20.3 mM, [Na+] = 45.1 mM) agree with those obtained from ICP-AES ([K+] = 19.8 mM, [Na+] = 43.8 mM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Yi Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013
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127
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Tsutsui K, Koizumi TA, Tanaka K, Hayashi H. Anion-dependent selective formation of intermolecular non-covalent bonds. J Mol Struct 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2006.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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128
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Kay ER, Leigh DA, Zerbetto F. Synthetic molecular motors and mechanical machines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:72-191. [PMID: 17133632 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200504313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2050] [Impact Index Per Article: 120.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of controlled molecular-level motion in key natural processes suggests that great rewards could come from bridging the gap between the present generation of synthetic molecular systems, which by and large rely upon electronic and chemical effects to carry out their functions, and the machines of the macroscopic world, which utilize the synchronized movements of smaller parts to perform specific tasks. This is a scientific area of great contemporary interest and extraordinary recent growth, yet the notion of molecular-level machines dates back to a time when the ideas surrounding the statistical nature of matter and the laws of thermodynamics were first being formulated. Here we outline the exciting successes in taming molecular-level movement thus far, the underlying principles that all experimental designs must follow, and the early progress made towards utilizing synthetic molecular structures to perform tasks using mechanical motion. We also highlight some of the issues and challenges that still need to be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Euan R Kay
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, UK
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129
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Coll C, Martínez-Máñez R, Marcos MD, Sancenón F, Soto J. A Simple Approach for the Selective and Sensitive Colorimetric Detection of Anionic Surfactants in Water. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:1675-8. [PMID: 17397077 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200603800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Coll
- Instituto de Química Molecular Aplicada, Departamento de Química, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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130
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Coll C, Martínez-Máñez R, Marcos M, Sancenón F, Soto J. A Simple Approach for the Selective and Sensitive Colorimetric Detection of Anionic Surfactants in Water. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200603800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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131
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Gies AP, Hercules DM, Gerdon AE, Cliffel DE. Electrospray Mass Spectrometry Study of Tiopronin Monolayer-Protected Gold Nanoclusters. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:1095-104. [PMID: 17263390 DOI: 10.1021/ja0639057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ESI-TOF MS) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) were used to study the synthesis of a series of tiopronin monolayer-protected gold nanoclusters (MPCs) and to monitor their postsynthesis peptide ligand place-exchange reactions. All mass spectra identified the presence of cyclic gold(I)-thiolates with a strong preference for tetrameric species. During the synthesis of pre-monolayer-protected nanoclusters (pre-MPCs), esterified gold(I)-thiolate tetramers were initially observed in minor abundance (with respect to disulfide bridged tiopronin species) before dramatically increasing in abundance and precipitating from solution. After conversion of pre-MPCs to MPCs, ESI-TOF mass spectra demonstrated an overall predominance of tetrameric species with conversion from ester-terminated end groups to carboxyl-terminated end groups. Further modifications were performed through postsynthesis ligand place-exchange reactions to validate the existence of the tetramers. This work suggests that monolayer protection is accomplished by cyclized gold(I)-thiolate tetramers on the gold core surface, and/or that gold(I)-thiolates are a basic building block within the nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony P Gies
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA.
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132
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133
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Nagata T. Automated design of protecting molecules for metal nanoparticles by combinatorial molecular simulations. J Organomet Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2006.05.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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134
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Ganesh V, Calatayud Sanz MP, Mareque-Rivas JC. Effective anion sensing based on the ability of copper to affect electron transport across self-assembled monolayers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2007:5010-2. [DOI: 10.1039/b712857f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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135
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Ghosh PS, Verma A, Rotello VM. Binding and templation of nanoparticle receptors to peptide α-helices through surface recognition. Chem Commun (Camb) 2007:2796-8. [PMID: 17609779 DOI: 10.1039/b705554d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles featuring highly flexible sidechains template to peptides, demonstrating substantial pre-organization of the particle monolayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Partha S Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
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136
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Montalti M, Prodi L, Zaccheroni N, Beltrame M, Morotti T, Quici S. Stabilization of terpyridine covered gold nanoparticles by metal ions complexation. NEW J CHEM 2007. [DOI: 10.1039/b600339g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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137
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Kay E, Leigh D, Zerbetto F. Synthetische molekulare Motoren und mechanische Maschinen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200504313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 587] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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138
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Basabe-Desmonts L, Reinhoudt DN, Crego-Calama M. Design of fluorescent materials for chemical sensing. Chem Soc Rev 2007; 36:993-1017. [PMID: 17534482 DOI: 10.1039/b609548h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 615] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
There is an enormous demand for chemical sensors for many areas and disciplines. High sensitivity and ease of operation are two main issues for sensor development. Fluorescence techniques can easily fulfill these requirements and therefore fluorescent-based sensors appear as one of the most promising candidates for chemical sensing. However, the development of sensors is not trivial; material science, molecular recognition and device implementation are some of the aspects that play a role in the design of sensors. The development of fluorescent sensing materials is increasingly captivating the attention of the scientists because its implementation as a truly sensory system is straightforward. This critical review shows the use of polymers, sol-gels, mesoporous materials, surfactant aggregates, quantum dots, and glass or gold surfaces, combined with different chemical approaches for the development of fluorescent sensing materials. Representative examples have been selected and they are commented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Basabe-Desmonts
- Department of Supramolecular Chemistry and Technology, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P. O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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139
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Georgakilas V, Gournis D, Tzitzios V, Pasquato L, Guldi DM, Prato M. Decorating carbon nanotubes with metal or semiconductor nanoparticles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1039/b700857k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 562] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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140
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Xu H, Srivastava S, Rotello VM. Nanocomposites Based on Hydrogen Bonds. ADVANCES IN POLYMER SCIENCE 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2006_108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
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141
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Martínez-Máñez R, Sancenón F. Chemodosimeters and 3D inorganic functionalised hosts for the fluoro-chromogenic sensing of anions. Coord Chem Rev 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2006.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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142
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Zhu J, Kell AJ, Workentin MS. A Retro-Diels−Alder Reaction to Uncover Maleimide-Modified Surfaces on Monolayer-Protected Nanoparticles for Reversible Covalent Assembly. Org Lett 2006; 8:4993-6. [PMID: 17048826 DOI: 10.1021/ol0615937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Maleimide-modified monolayer-protected gold nanoparticles (MPGN) are prepared from the protected furan-maleimide via the thermally reversible Diels-Adler reaction when required. These maleimide-MPGNs serve as a general platform allowing for a Diels-Alder reaction with furan-modified MPN to prepare larger 3D networks reversibly. [reaction: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
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143
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Descalzo AB, Martínez-Máñez R, Sancenón F, Hoffmann K, Rurack K. Die supramolekulare Chemie organisch-anorganischer Hybrid-Nanomaterialien. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200600734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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144
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Descalzo AB, Martínez-Máñez R, Sancenón F, Hoffmann K, Rurack K. The Supramolecular Chemistry of Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 45:5924-48. [PMID: 16955396 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200600734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 392] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The combination of nanomaterials as solid supports and supramolecular concepts has led to the development of hybrid materials with improved functionalities. These "hetero-supramolecular" ideas provide a means of bridging the gap between molecular chemistry, materials sciences, and nanotechnology. In recent years, relevant examples have been reported on functional aspects, such as enhanced recognition and sensing by using molecules on preorganized surfaces, the reversible building of nanometer-sized networks and 3D architectures, as well as biomimetic and gated chemistry in hybrid nanomaterials for the development of advanced functional protocols in three-dimensional frameworks. This approach allows the fine-tuning of the properties of nanomaterials and offers new perspectives for the application of supramolecular concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana B Descalzo
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Química Molecular Aplicada, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n, 46071 Valencia, Spain
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145
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de la Fuente JM, Alcántara D, Eaton P, Crespo P, Rojas TC, Fernandez A, Hernando A, Penadés S. Gold and Gold−Iron Oxide Magnetic Glyconanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization and Magnetic Properties. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:13021-8. [PMID: 16805609 DOI: 10.1021/jp062522s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The preparation, characterization and the magnetic properties of gold and gold-iron oxide glyconanoparticles (GNPs) are described. Glyconanoparticles were prepared in a single step procedure in the presence of aqueous solution of thiol functionalized neoglycoconjugates and either gold salts or both gold and iron salts. Neoglycoconjugates of lactose and maltose disaccharides with different linkers were used. Iron-free gold or gold-iron oxide GNPs with controlled gold-iron ratios were obtained. The average core-size diameters are in the range of 1.5-2.5 nm. The GNPs are fully characterized by (1)H NMR spectrometry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV-vis and X-ray absorption (XAS) spectroscopies. Inductive plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP) and elemental analysis gave the average number of neoglycoconjugates per cluster. The magnetic properties were measured in a SQUID magnetometer. The most remarkable results was the observation of a permanent magnetism up to room temperature in the iron-free gold GNPs, that was not present in the corresponding gold-iron oxide GNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús M de la Fuente
- Grupo de Carbohidratos, Laboratory of Glyconanotechnology, IIQ-CSIC, Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
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146
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Montalti M, Prodi L, Zaccheroni N, Battistini G, Marcuz S, Mancin F, Rampazzo E, Tonellato U. Size effect on the fluorescence properties of dansyl-doped silica nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2006; 22:5877-81. [PMID: 16768523 DOI: 10.1021/la053473y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We present here the study of the photophysical properties of new dye-doped silica nanoparticles (DDNs) bearing dansyl fluorescent derivatives covalently linked to the silica matrix. The described experimental evidences show how the different location of the chromophores induces great changes in their photophysical behavior, suggesting that fluorophores located near the surface of the nanoparticles have a very different behavior with respect to the internal molecules. These latter ones, in fact, are shielded from the solvent and have a strong blue emission, while those at the periphery interact with the solvent and show a weaker red-shifted emission. As a consequence, the fluorescence properties of these nanoparticles are an average between the characteristics of the two different families of dyes. The relative amount of fluorophores located in the two compartments can be controlled simply by changing the size since, from our results, the thickness of the solvent permeable layer is not relevantly affected by the diameter of the nanoparticles. It is noteworthy that the fluorophores located in the outer shell exhibit very peculiar features: they are sensitive and interact with small molecules such as solvent molecules but, at the same time, they are not accessible to big receptor species such as beta-cyclodextrins. Such results indicate that most of the solvent-sensitive dansyl moieties are located within pores large enough to only accommodate solvent but not big molecules as cyclodextrins, giving precious insight on the morphology of the nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Montalti
- Dipartimento di Chimica G.Ciamician, Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
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147
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You CC, Verma A, Rotello VM. Engineering the nanoparticle-biomacromolecule interface. SOFT MATTER 2006; 2:190-204. [PMID: 32646145 DOI: 10.1039/b517354j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Monolayer-protected nanoparticles feature tunable size, surface functionality and core material, providing scaffolds for targeting biomacromolecules. This review highlights recent advances in nanoparticle-biomacromolecule interactions, focusing on two key areas: (1) The modulation of structure and function of biomacromolecules through engineered interactions with nanoparticle surfaces; (2) The use of biomacromolecules as building blocks for nanostructured materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Cheng You
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| | - Ayush Verma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| | - Vincent M Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
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148
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Cooke G, Garety JF, Hewage SG, Rabani G, Rotello VM, Woisel P. The tuneable complexation of gold nanoparticles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2006:4119-21. [PMID: 17024268 DOI: 10.1039/b608543a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mixed monolayer protected gold nanoparticles have been fabricated incorporating 1,5-dialkyloxynaphthalene moieties that are capable of forming complexes with the tetracationic cyclophane cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene); electrochemical reduction of the cyclophane or the addition of tetrathiafulvalene results in disassembly of the complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graeme Cooke
- WestCHEM Centre for Supramolecular Electrochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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149
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Reingold JA, Uk Son S, Bok Kim S, Dullaghan CA, Oh M, Frake PC, Carpenter GB, Sweigart DA. π-Bonded quinonoid transition-metal complexes. Dalton Trans 2006:2385-98. [PMID: 16705337 DOI: 10.1039/b602678h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Coordination of the carbocyclic ring of hydroquinones to electrophilic transition-metal fragments such as Mn(CO)3+ and Rh(COD)+ produces stable pi-bonded eta6-complexes that are activated to facile reversible deprotonation of the -OH groups. The deprotonations are accompanied by electron transfer to the transition metal, which acts as an internal oxidizing agent or electron sink. With manganese as the metal, the resulting eta5-semiquinone and eta4-quinone complexes have been used to synthesize one- two- and three-dimensional polymeric metal-organometallic coordination networks. With rhodium as the metal, the pi-quinonoid complexes have been demonstrated to play a unique role in multifunctional C-C coupling catalysis and in the synthesis of new organolithium reagents. Both classes of pi-quinonoid complexes appear to have significant applications in nanochemistry by providing an excellent vehicle for templating the directed self-assembly of nanoparticles into functional materials.
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150
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de la Fuente JM, Penadés S. Glyconanoparticles: types, synthesis and applications in glycoscience, biomedicine and material science. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2005; 1760:636-51. [PMID: 16529864 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2005.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2005] [Revised: 11/30/2005] [Accepted: 12/01/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles are the subject of numerous papers and reports and are full of promises for electronic, optical, magnetic and biomedical applications. Although metallic nanoparticles have been functionalized with peptides, proteins and DNA during the last 20 years, carbohydrates have not been used with this purpose until 2001. Since the first synthesis of gold nanoparticles functionalized with carbohydrates (glyconanoparticles) was reported, the number of published articles has considerably increased. This article reviews progress in the development of nanoparticles functionalized with biological relevant oligosaccharides. The glyconanoparticles constitute a good bio-mimetic model of carbohydrate presentation at the cell surface, and maybe, excellent tools for Glycobiology, Biomedicine and Material Science investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús M de la Fuente
- Grupo de Carbohidratos, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas, CSIC, Isla de la Cartuja, Sevilla, Spain.
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