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Preoperatively Grading Rectal Cancer with the Combination of Intravoxel Incoherent Motions Imaging and Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2020; 2020:2164509. [PMID: 33100931 PMCID: PMC7576354 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2164509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To combine Intravoxel Incoherent Motions (IVIM) imaging and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) which can aid in the quantification of different biological inspirations including cellularity, vascularity, and microstructural heterogeneity to preoperatively grade rectal cancer. Methods A total of 58 rectal patients were included into this prospective study. MRI was performed with a 3T scanner. Different combinations of IVIM-derived and DKI-derived parameters were performed to grade rectal cancer. Pearson correlation coefficients were applied to evaluate the correlations. Binary logistic regression models were established via integrating different DWI parameters for screening the most sensitive parameter. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed for evaluating the diagnostic performance. Results For individual DWI-derived parameters, all parameters except the pseudodiffusion coefficient displayed the capability of grading rectal cancer (p < 0.05). The better discrimination between high- and low-grade rectal cancer was achieved with the combination of different DWI-derived parameters. Similarly, ROC analysis suggested the combination of D (true diffusion coefficient), f (perfusion fraction), and Kapp (apparent kurtosis coefficient) yielded the best diagnostic performance (AUC = 0.953, p < 0.001). According to the result of binary logistic analysis, cellularity-related D was the most sensitive predictor (odds ratio: 9.350 ± 2.239) for grading rectal cancer. Conclusion The combination of IVIM and DKI holds great potential in accurately grading rectal cancer as IVIM and DKI can provide the quantification of different biological inspirations including cellularity, vascularity, and microstructural heterogeneity.
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Khasawneh A, Kuroda M, Yoshimura Y, Sugianto I, Bamgbose BO, Hamada K, Barham M, Tekiki N, Konishi K, Sugimoto K, Ishizaka H, Kurozumi A, Matsushita T, Ohno S, Kanazawa S, Asaumi J. Development of a novel phantom using polyethylene glycol for the visualization of restricted diffusion in diffusion kurtosis imaging and apparent diffusion coefficient subtraction method. Biomed Rep 2020; 13:52. [PMID: 33082949 DOI: 10.3892/br.2020.1359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate whether polyethylene glycol (PEG) phantoms have the potential to be used as standard phantoms for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in order to visualize restricted diffusion in diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), the ADC subtraction method (ASM) and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). Diffusion-weighted images of 0-120 mM PEG phantoms were captured to create ADC, DKI and ASM images with post-processing. ASM is a recently developed method for restricted diffusion imaging using the readout segmentation of long variable echo-train sequences. As the PEG concentration increases, the ADC value decreases. Conversely, an increase in DKI and ASM values is associated with increasing PEG concentration. Formulae were constructed to represent the association between PEG concentrations and ADC, DKI and ASM values. These formulae can be used to determine the required PEG concentrations to mimic arbitrary ADC, DKI and ASM values of certain diseases, including tumors and infarctions. Validation experiments were conducted using bio-phantoms and clarified that the PEG phantoms cover the range of ADC and DKI values reported in previous clinical research using 3T MRI. PEG phantoms may be useful for future MRI research involving restricted diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Khasawneh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kuroda
- Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yuuki Yoshimura
- Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.,Department of Radiology Diagnosis, Okayama Saiseikai General Hospital, Okayama 700-8511, Japan
| | - Irfan Sugianto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.,Department of Oral Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan 90245, Indonesia
| | - Babatunde O Bamgbose
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Kentaro Hamada
- Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Majd Barham
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Nouha Tekiki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Kohei Konishi
- Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Kohei Sugimoto
- Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Hinata Ishizaka
- Radiological Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Akira Kurozumi
- Central Division of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Toshi Matsushita
- Central Division of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Ohno
- Central Division of Radiology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Susumu Kanazawa
- Department of Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Junichi Asaumi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
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Gilbert G. Editorial for “Double Diffusion Encoding for Probing Radiation‐Induced Microstructural Changes in a Tumor Model: A Proof‐of‐Concept Study With Comparison to the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient and Histology”. J Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 52:952-953. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Shi G, Han X, Wang Q, Ding Y, Liu H, Zhang Y, Dai Y. Evaluation of Multiple Prognostic Factors of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Intra-Voxel Incoherent Motions Imaging by Extracting the Histogram Metrics. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:6019-6031. [PMID: 32765101 PMCID: PMC7381091 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s262973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To predict multiple prognostic factors of HCC including histopathologic grade, the expression of Ki67 as well as capsule formation with intravoxel incoherent motions imaging by extracting the histogram metrics. Patients and Methods A total of 52 patients with HCC were recruited with the MR examinations undertaken at a 3T scanner. Histogram metrics were extracted from IVIM-derived parametric maps. Independent student t-test was performed to explore the differences in metrics across different subtypes of prognostic factors. Spearman correlation test was utilized to evaluate the correlations between the IVIM metrics and prognostic factors. ROC analysis was applied to evaluate the diagnostic performance. Results According to the independent student t-test, there were 18, 4, and 8 IVIM-derived histogram metrics showing the capability for differentiating the subtypes of histopathologic grade, Ki67, and capsule formation, respectively, with P-values of less than 0.05. Besides, there existed a lot of significant correlations between IVIM metrics and prognostic factors. Finally, by integrating different histogram metrics showing significant differences between various subgroups together via establishing logistic regression based diagnostic models, greatest diagnostic power was obtained for grading HCC (AUC=0.917), diagnosing patients with highly expressed Ki67 (AUC=0.861) and diagnosing patients with capsule formation (AUC=0.839). Conclusion Multiple prognostic factors including histopathologic grade, Ki67 expression status, and capsule formation can be accurately predicted with assistance of histogram metrics sourced from a single IVIM scan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaofeng Shi
- Department of Radiology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Han
- Department of Radiology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Radiology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Ding
- Department of Radiology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Radiology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunfei Zhang
- Department of Research Collaboration Hospital (MRI), Central Research Institute, United Imaging Healthcare, Shanghai 201800, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongming Dai
- Department of Research Collaboration Hospital (MRI), Central Research Institute, United Imaging Healthcare, Shanghai 201800, People's Republic of China
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Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging-A Superior Approach to Assess Tumor-Stroma Ratio in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061656. [PMID: 32580519 PMCID: PMC7352692 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive desmoplastic stroma is a hallmark of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and contributes to tumor progression and to the relative resistance of tumor cells towards (radio) chemotherapy. Thus, therapies that target the stroma are under intense investigation. To allow the stratification of patients who would profit from such therapies, non-invasive methods assessing the stroma content in relation to tumor mass are required. In the current prospective study, we investigated the usefulness of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI), a radiologic method that measures the random motion of water molecules in tissue, in the assessment of PDAC lesions, and more specifically in the desmoplastic tumor stroma. We made use of a sophisticated DW-MRI approach, the so-called diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), which possesses potential advantages over conventional and widely used monoexponential diffusion-weighted imaging analysis (cDWI). We found that the diffusion constant D from DKI is highly negatively correlated with the percentage of tumor stroma, the latter determined by histology. D performed significantly better than the widely used apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) from cDWI in distinguishing stroma-rich (>50% stroma percentage) from stroma-poor tumors (≤50% stroma percentage). Moreover, we could prove the potential of the diffusion constant D as a clinically useful imaging parameter for the differentiation of PDAC-lesions from non-neoplastic pancreatic parenchyma. Therefore, the diffusion constant D from DKI could represent a valuable non-invasive imaging biomarker for assessment of stroma content in PDAC, which is applicable for the clinical diagnostic of PDAC.
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Mokry T, Mlynarska-Bujny A, Kuder TA, Hasse FC, Hog R, Wallwiener M, Dinkic C, Brucker J, Sinn P, Gnirs R, Kauczor HU, Schlemmer HP, Rom J, Bickelhaupt S. Ultra-High- b-Value Kurtosis Imaging for Noninvasive Tissue Characterization of Ovarian Lesions. Radiology 2020; 296:358-369. [PMID: 32544033 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2020191700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Background MRI with contrast material enhancement is the imaging modality of choice to evaluate sonographically indeterminate adnexal masses. The role of diffusion-weighted MRI, however, remains controversial. Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic performance of ultra-high-b-value diffusion kurtosis MRI in discriminating benign and malignant ovarian lesions. Materials and Methods This prospective cohort study evaluated consecutive women with sonographically indeterminate adnexal masses between November 2016 and December 2018. MRI at 3.0 T was performed, including diffusion-weighted MRI (b values of 0-2000 sec/mm2). Lesions were segmented on b of 1500 sec/mm2 by two readers in consensus and an additional independent reader by using full-lesion segmentations on a single transversal slice. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) calculation and kurtosis fitting were performed. Differences in ADC, kurtosis-derived ADC (Dapp), and apparent kurtosis coefficient (Kapp) between malignant and benign lesions were assessed by using a logistic mixed model. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for ADC, Dapp, and Kapp to discriminate malignant from benign lesions was calculated, as was specificity at a sensitivity level of 100%. Results from two independent reads were compared. Histopathologic analysis served as the reference standard. Results A total of 79 ovarian lesions in 58 women (mean age ± standard deviation, 48 years ± 14) were evaluated. Sixty-two (78%) lesions showed benign and 17 (22%) lesions showed malignant histologic findings. ADC and Dapp were lower and Kapp was higher in malignant lesions: median ADC, Dapp, and Kapp were 0.74 µm2/msec (range, 0.52-1.44 µm2/msec), 0.98 µm2/msec (range, 0.63-2.12 µm2/msec), and 1.01 (range, 0.69-1.30) for malignant lesions, and 1.13 µm2/msec (range, 0.35-2.63 µm2/msec), 1.45 µm2/msec (range, 0.44-3.34 µm2/msec), and 0.65 (range, 0.44-1.43) for benign lesions (P values of .01, .02, < .001, respectively). AUC for Kapp of 0.85 (95% confidence interval: 0.77, 0.94) was higher than was AUC from ADC of 0.78 (95% confidence interval: 0.67, 0.89; P = .047). Conclusion Diffusion-weighted MRI by using quantitative kurtosis variables is superior to apparent diffusion coefficient values in discriminating benign and malignant ovarian lesions and might be of future help in clinical practice, especially in patients with contraindication to contrast media application. © RSNA, 2020 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Mokry
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Clinic of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (T.M., F.C.H., H.U.K.); Department of Radiology (T.M., A.M.B., R.H., R.G., H.P.S., S.B.) and Department of Medical Physics in Radiology (A.M.B., T.A.K.), German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany (A.M.B.); Hospital for General Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (M.W., C.D., J.B.); Department of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany (P.S.); Hospital for General Obstetrics and Gynecology, Frankfurt Hoechst, Germany (J.R.); Junior Group Medical Imaging and Radiology-Cancer Prevention, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (R.H., S.B.); and Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.B.)
| | - Anna Mlynarska-Bujny
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Clinic of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (T.M., F.C.H., H.U.K.); Department of Radiology (T.M., A.M.B., R.H., R.G., H.P.S., S.B.) and Department of Medical Physics in Radiology (A.M.B., T.A.K.), German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany (A.M.B.); Hospital for General Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (M.W., C.D., J.B.); Department of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany (P.S.); Hospital for General Obstetrics and Gynecology, Frankfurt Hoechst, Germany (J.R.); Junior Group Medical Imaging and Radiology-Cancer Prevention, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (R.H., S.B.); and Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.B.)
| | - Tristan Anselm Kuder
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Clinic of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (T.M., F.C.H., H.U.K.); Department of Radiology (T.M., A.M.B., R.H., R.G., H.P.S., S.B.) and Department of Medical Physics in Radiology (A.M.B., T.A.K.), German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany (A.M.B.); Hospital for General Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (M.W., C.D., J.B.); Department of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany (P.S.); Hospital for General Obstetrics and Gynecology, Frankfurt Hoechst, Germany (J.R.); Junior Group Medical Imaging and Radiology-Cancer Prevention, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (R.H., S.B.); and Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.B.)
| | - Felix Christian Hasse
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Clinic of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (T.M., F.C.H., H.U.K.); Department of Radiology (T.M., A.M.B., R.H., R.G., H.P.S., S.B.) and Department of Medical Physics in Radiology (A.M.B., T.A.K.), German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany (A.M.B.); Hospital for General Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (M.W., C.D., J.B.); Department of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany (P.S.); Hospital for General Obstetrics and Gynecology, Frankfurt Hoechst, Germany (J.R.); Junior Group Medical Imaging and Radiology-Cancer Prevention, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (R.H., S.B.); and Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.B.)
| | - Robert Hog
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Clinic of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (T.M., F.C.H., H.U.K.); Department of Radiology (T.M., A.M.B., R.H., R.G., H.P.S., S.B.) and Department of Medical Physics in Radiology (A.M.B., T.A.K.), German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany (A.M.B.); Hospital for General Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (M.W., C.D., J.B.); Department of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany (P.S.); Hospital for General Obstetrics and Gynecology, Frankfurt Hoechst, Germany (J.R.); Junior Group Medical Imaging and Radiology-Cancer Prevention, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (R.H., S.B.); and Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.B.)
| | - Markus Wallwiener
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Clinic of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (T.M., F.C.H., H.U.K.); Department of Radiology (T.M., A.M.B., R.H., R.G., H.P.S., S.B.) and Department of Medical Physics in Radiology (A.M.B., T.A.K.), German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany (A.M.B.); Hospital for General Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (M.W., C.D., J.B.); Department of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany (P.S.); Hospital for General Obstetrics and Gynecology, Frankfurt Hoechst, Germany (J.R.); Junior Group Medical Imaging and Radiology-Cancer Prevention, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (R.H., S.B.); and Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.B.)
| | - Christine Dinkic
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Clinic of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (T.M., F.C.H., H.U.K.); Department of Radiology (T.M., A.M.B., R.H., R.G., H.P.S., S.B.) and Department of Medical Physics in Radiology (A.M.B., T.A.K.), German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany (A.M.B.); Hospital for General Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (M.W., C.D., J.B.); Department of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany (P.S.); Hospital for General Obstetrics and Gynecology, Frankfurt Hoechst, Germany (J.R.); Junior Group Medical Imaging and Radiology-Cancer Prevention, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (R.H., S.B.); and Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.B.)
| | - Janina Brucker
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Clinic of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (T.M., F.C.H., H.U.K.); Department of Radiology (T.M., A.M.B., R.H., R.G., H.P.S., S.B.) and Department of Medical Physics in Radiology (A.M.B., T.A.K.), German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany (A.M.B.); Hospital for General Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (M.W., C.D., J.B.); Department of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany (P.S.); Hospital for General Obstetrics and Gynecology, Frankfurt Hoechst, Germany (J.R.); Junior Group Medical Imaging and Radiology-Cancer Prevention, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (R.H., S.B.); and Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.B.)
| | - Peter Sinn
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Clinic of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (T.M., F.C.H., H.U.K.); Department of Radiology (T.M., A.M.B., R.H., R.G., H.P.S., S.B.) and Department of Medical Physics in Radiology (A.M.B., T.A.K.), German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany (A.M.B.); Hospital for General Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (M.W., C.D., J.B.); Department of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany (P.S.); Hospital for General Obstetrics and Gynecology, Frankfurt Hoechst, Germany (J.R.); Junior Group Medical Imaging and Radiology-Cancer Prevention, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (R.H., S.B.); and Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.B.)
| | - Regula Gnirs
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Clinic of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (T.M., F.C.H., H.U.K.); Department of Radiology (T.M., A.M.B., R.H., R.G., H.P.S., S.B.) and Department of Medical Physics in Radiology (A.M.B., T.A.K.), German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany (A.M.B.); Hospital for General Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (M.W., C.D., J.B.); Department of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany (P.S.); Hospital for General Obstetrics and Gynecology, Frankfurt Hoechst, Germany (J.R.); Junior Group Medical Imaging and Radiology-Cancer Prevention, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (R.H., S.B.); and Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.B.)
| | - Hans-Ulrich Kauczor
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Clinic of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (T.M., F.C.H., H.U.K.); Department of Radiology (T.M., A.M.B., R.H., R.G., H.P.S., S.B.) and Department of Medical Physics in Radiology (A.M.B., T.A.K.), German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany (A.M.B.); Hospital for General Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (M.W., C.D., J.B.); Department of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany (P.S.); Hospital for General Obstetrics and Gynecology, Frankfurt Hoechst, Germany (J.R.); Junior Group Medical Imaging and Radiology-Cancer Prevention, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (R.H., S.B.); and Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.B.)
| | - Heinz-Peter Schlemmer
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Clinic of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (T.M., F.C.H., H.U.K.); Department of Radiology (T.M., A.M.B., R.H., R.G., H.P.S., S.B.) and Department of Medical Physics in Radiology (A.M.B., T.A.K.), German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany (A.M.B.); Hospital for General Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (M.W., C.D., J.B.); Department of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany (P.S.); Hospital for General Obstetrics and Gynecology, Frankfurt Hoechst, Germany (J.R.); Junior Group Medical Imaging and Radiology-Cancer Prevention, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (R.H., S.B.); and Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.B.)
| | - Joachim Rom
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Clinic of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (T.M., F.C.H., H.U.K.); Department of Radiology (T.M., A.M.B., R.H., R.G., H.P.S., S.B.) and Department of Medical Physics in Radiology (A.M.B., T.A.K.), German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany (A.M.B.); Hospital for General Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (M.W., C.D., J.B.); Department of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany (P.S.); Hospital for General Obstetrics and Gynecology, Frankfurt Hoechst, Germany (J.R.); Junior Group Medical Imaging and Radiology-Cancer Prevention, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (R.H., S.B.); and Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.B.)
| | - Sebastian Bickelhaupt
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Clinic of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (T.M., F.C.H., H.U.K.); Department of Radiology (T.M., A.M.B., R.H., R.G., H.P.S., S.B.) and Department of Medical Physics in Radiology (A.M.B., T.A.K.), German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany (A.M.B.); Hospital for General Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany (M.W., C.D., J.B.); Department of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany (P.S.); Hospital for General Obstetrics and Gynecology, Frankfurt Hoechst, Germany (J.R.); Junior Group Medical Imaging and Radiology-Cancer Prevention, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (R.H., S.B.); and Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany (S.B.)
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Fu J, Tang L, Li ZY, Li XT, Zhu HF, Sun YS, Ji JF. Diffusion kurtosis imaging in the prediction of poor responses of locally advanced gastric cancer to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Eur J Radiol 2020; 128:108974. [PMID: 32416553 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.108974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the efficacy of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in the prediction of the treatment response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC). METHODS A total of 31 LAGC patients were enrolled in this prospective study. All patients underwent diffusion-weighted MRI examination (with b = 01, 2001, 5001, 8002, 10004, 15004, 20006 s/mm2, the subscript denotes the number of signal averages) before and after chemotherapy. DKI and mono-exponential (b = 0, 800 s/mm2) models were built. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), mean diffusivity (MD) and mean kurtosis (MK) of the LAGC tumors were measured. The absolute change values (ΔX) and percentage change values (%ΔX) of the above parameters post neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) were calculated. The response was evaluated according to the pathological tumor regression grade scores (effective response group: TRG 0-2, poor response group: TRG 3). Mann-Whitney U test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were applicated for statistical analysis. RESULTS There were 17 patients in the effective response group (ERG), and 14 patients in the poor response group (PRG). The MKpre and MKpost values in PRG were significantly higher than those in ERG [(0.671 ± 0.026) and (0.641 ± 0.019) vs. (0.584 ± 0.023) and (0.519 ± 0.018), p < 0.001]. ADCpost and MDpost in PRG were significantly lower than those in ERG (p = 0.005, p =0.001). Significant differences were also observed for % ΔMK, ΔMD and ΔMK between the two groups (p < 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) for the prediction of PRG was highest for MKpost (AUC = 0.958, cutoff value = 0.614). The MKpre and MKpost had the highest sensitivity (91.70 %) and specificity (93.80 %) in the prediction of PRG, respectively. CONCLUSION Both DKI and ADC values show potential for the prediction of the PRG in LAGC patients. The DKI parameters, especially MKpost displayed the best performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Fu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Radiology Department, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 52 Fu-Cheng Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing 100142, China; Department of Radiology, Civil Aviation General Hospital, No. 1 Gaojingjia, Chaoyang Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100123, China.
| | - Lei Tang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Radiology Department, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 52 Fu-Cheng Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing 100142, China.
| | - Zi-Yu Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Center Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 52 Fu-Cheng Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing 100142, China.
| | - Xiao-Ting Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Radiology Department, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 52 Fu-Cheng Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing 100142, China.
| | - Hai-Feng Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Civil Aviation General Hospital, No. 1 Gaojingjia, Chaoyang Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100123, China.
| | - Ying-Shi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Radiology Department, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 52 Fu-Cheng Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing 100142, China.
| | - Jia-Fu Ji
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Center Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 52 Fu-Cheng Road, Hai-Dian District, Beijing 100142, China.
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Chhetri A, Li X, Rispoli JV. Current and Emerging Magnetic Resonance-Based Techniques for Breast Cancer. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:175. [PMID: 32478083 PMCID: PMC7235971 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women worldwide, and early detection remains a principal factor for improved patient outcomes and reduced mortality. Clinically, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques are routinely used in determining benign and malignant tumor phenotypes and for monitoring treatment outcomes. Static MRI techniques enable superior structural contrast between adipose and fibroglandular tissues, while dynamic MRI techniques can elucidate functional characteristics of malignant tumors. The preferred clinical procedure-dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI-illuminates the hypervascularity of breast tumors through a gadolinium-based contrast agent; however, accumulation of the potentially toxic contrast agent remains a major limitation of the technique, propelling MRI research toward finding an alternative, noninvasive method. Three such techniques are magnetic resonance spectroscopy, chemical exchange saturation transfer, and non-contrast diffusion weighted imaging. These methods shed light on underlying chemical composition, provide snapshots of tissue metabolism, and more pronouncedly characterize microstructural heterogeneity. This review article outlines the present state of clinical MRI for breast cancer and examines several research techniques that demonstrate capacity for clinical translation. Ultimately, multi-parametric MRI-incorporating one or more of these emerging methods-presently holds the best potential to afford improved specificity and deliver excellent accuracy to clinics for the prediction, detection, and monitoring of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apekshya Chhetri
- Magnetic Resonance Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Xin Li
- Magnetic Resonance Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Joseph V. Rispoli
- Magnetic Resonance Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- School of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
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Takeishi Y, Takayasu T, Kolakshyapati M, Yonezawa U, Amatya VJ, Takano M, Taguchi A, Takeshima Y, Sugiyama K, Kurisu K, Yamasaki F. Advantage of high b value diffusion-weighted imaging for differentiation of common pediatric brain tumors in posterior fossa. Eur J Radiol 2020; 128:108983. [PMID: 32438259 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.108983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The pediatric posterior fossa (PF) brain tumors with higher frequencies are embryonal tumors (ET), ependymal tumors (EPN) and pilocytic astrocytomas (PA), however, it is often difficult to make a differential diagnosis among them with conventional MRI. The ADC calculated from DWI could be beneficial for diagnostic work up. METHOD We acquired DWI at b = 1000 and 4000(s/mm2). The relationship between ADC and the three types of brain tumors was evaluated with Mann-Whitney U test. We also performed simple linear regression analysis to evaluate the relationship between ADC and cellularity, and implemented receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) to test the diagnostic performance among tumors. RESULTS The highest ADC (b1000/b4000 × 10-3 mm2/s) was observed in PA (1.02-1.91/0.73-1.28), followed by PF-EPN (0.83-1.28/0.60-0.79) and the lowest was ET (0.41-0.75/0.29-0.47). There was significant difference among the groups in both ADC value (b-1000/b-4000: ET vs. PF-EPN p < 0.0001/0.0001, ET vs. PA p < 0.0001/0.0001, PF-EPN vs. PA p < 0.0001/0.0001). ROC analysis revealed that ADC in both b-values showed complete separation between ET and PF-EPN. And it also revealed that ADC at b-4000 could differentiate PF-EPN and PA (96.0%) better than ADC at b-1000 (90.1%). The stronger negative correlation was observed between the ADC and cellularity at b-4000 than at b-1000 (R2 = 0.7415 vs.0.7070) CONCLUSIONS: ADC of ET was significantly lower than the other two groups, and ADC of PA was significantly higher than the other two groups in both b-1000 and b-4000. Our results showed that ADC at b-4000 was more useful than ADC at b-1000 especially for differentiation between PF-EPN and PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Takeishi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takeshi Takayasu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | - Ushio Yonezawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Vishwa Jeet Amatya
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Motoki Takano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akira Taguchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yukio Takeshima
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Sugiyama
- Department of Clinical Oncology and Neuro-oncology Program, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kaoru Kurisu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Fumiyuki Yamasaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan.
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Kurz C, Buizza G, Landry G, Kamp F, Rabe M, Paganelli C, Baroni G, Reiner M, Keall PJ, van den Berg CAT, Riboldi M. Medical physics challenges in clinical MR-guided radiotherapy. Radiat Oncol 2020; 15:93. [PMID: 32370788 PMCID: PMC7201982 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-020-01524-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The integration of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for guidance in external beam radiotherapy has faced significant research and development efforts in recent years. The current availability of linear accelerators with an embedded MRI unit, providing volumetric imaging at excellent soft tissue contrast, is expected to provide novel possibilities in the implementation of image-guided adaptive radiotherapy (IGART) protocols. This study reviews open medical physics issues in MR-guided radiotherapy (MRgRT) implementation, with a focus on current approaches and on the potential for innovation in IGART.Daily imaging in MRgRT provides the ability to visualize the static anatomy, to capture internal tumor motion and to extract quantitative image features for treatment verification and monitoring. Those capabilities enable the use of treatment adaptation, with potential benefits in terms of personalized medicine. The use of online MRI requires dedicated efforts to perform accurate dose measurements and calculations, due to the presence of magnetic fields. Likewise, MRgRT requires dedicated quality assurance (QA) protocols for safe clinical implementation.Reaction to anatomical changes in MRgRT, as visualized on daily images, demands for treatment adaptation concepts, with stringent requirements in terms of fast and accurate validation before the treatment fraction can be delivered. This entails specific challenges in terms of treatment workflow optimization, QA, and verification of the expected delivered dose while the patient is in treatment position. Those challenges require specialized medical physics developments towards the aim of fully exploiting MRI capabilities. Conversely, the use of MRgRT allows for higher confidence in tumor targeting and organs-at-risk (OAR) sparing.The systematic use of MRgRT brings the possibility of leveraging IGART methods for the optimization of tumor targeting and quantitative treatment verification. Although several challenges exist, the intrinsic benefits of MRgRT will provide a deeper understanding of dose delivery effects on an individual basis, with the potential for further treatment personalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Kurz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Department of Medical Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Am Coulombwall 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Giulia Buizza
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, P.za Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Guillaume Landry
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Department of Medical Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Am Coulombwall 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Kamp
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Moritz Rabe
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Chiara Paganelli
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, P.za Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Guido Baroni
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, P.za Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
- Bioengineering Unit, National Center of Oncological Hadrontherapy (CNAO), Strada Privata Campeggi 53, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Michael Reiner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Paul J Keall
- ACRF Image X Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Cornelis A T van den Berg
- Department of Radiotherapy, University Medical Centre Utrecht, PO box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Riboldi
- Department of Medical Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Am Coulombwall 1, 85748, Garching, Germany.
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Barrick TR, Spilling CA, Ingo C, Madigan J, Isaacs JD, Rich P, Jones TL, Magin RL, Hall MG, Howe FA. Quasi-diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (QDI): A fast, high b-value diffusion imaging technique. Neuroimage 2020; 211:116606. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Sobczuk P, Brodziak A, Khan MI, Chhabra S, Fiedorowicz M, Wełniak-Kamińska M, Synoradzki K, Bartnik E, Cudnoch-Jędrzejewska A, Czarnecka AM. Choosing The Right Animal Model for Renal Cancer Research. Transl Oncol 2020; 13:100745. [PMID: 32092671 PMCID: PMC7036425 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The increase in the life expectancy of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in the last decade is due to changes that have occurred in the area of preclinical studies. Understanding cancer pathophysiology and the emergence of new therapeutic options, including immunotherapy, would not be possible without proper research. Before new approaches to disease treatment are developed and introduced into clinical practice they must be preceded by preclinical tests, in which animal studies play a significant role. This review describes the progress in animal model development in kidney cancer research starting from the oldest syngeneic or chemically-induced models, through genetically modified mice, finally to xenograft, especially patient-derived, avatar and humanized mouse models. As there are a number of subtypes of RCC, our aim is to help to choose the right animal model for a particular kidney cancer subtype. The data on genetic backgrounds, biochemical parameters, histology, different stages of carcinogenesis and metastasis in various animal models of RCC as well as their translational relevance are summarized. Moreover, we shed some light on imaging methods, which can help define tumor microstructure, assist in the analysis of its metabolic changes and track metastasis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Sobczuk
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Brodziak
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Mohammed Imran Khan
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Stuti Chhabra
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India.
| | - Michał Fiedorowicz
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Str., Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Marlena Wełniak-Kamińska
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Str., Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Kamil Synoradzki
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Str., Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Ewa Bartnik
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Cudnoch-Jędrzejewska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anna M Czarnecka
- Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego Str., Warsaw, Poland.
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Detection of Glioblastoma Subclinical Recurrence Using Serial Diffusion Tensor Imaging. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030568. [PMID: 32121471 PMCID: PMC7139975 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is an aggressive brain tumor with a propensity for intracranial recurrence. We hypothesized that tumors can be visualized with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) before they are detected on anatomical magnetic resonance (MR) images. We retrospectively analyzed serial MR images from 30 patients, including the DTI and T1-weighted images at recurrence, at 2 months and 4 months before recurrence, and at 1 month after radiation therapy. The diffusion maps and T1 images were deformably registered longitudinally. The recurrent tumor was manually segmented on the T1-weighted image and then applied to the diffusion maps at each time point to collect mean FA, diffusivities, and neurite density index (NDI) values, respectively. Group analysis of variance showed significant changes in FA (p = 0.01) and NDI (p = 0.0015) over time. Pairwise t tests also revealed that FA and NDI at 2 months before recurrence were 11.2% and 6.4% lower than those at 1 month after radiation therapy (p < 0.05), respectively. Changes in FA and NDI were observed 2 months before recurrence, suggesting that progressive microstructural changes and neurite density loss may be detectable before tumor detection in anatomical MR images. FA and NDI may serve as non-contrast MR-based biomarkers for detecting subclinical tumors.
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Li J, Li W, Niu J, Song X, Wu W, Gong T, Zheng R, Ting-Fang Shih T, Li W, Zhou XJ. Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Diffusion-weighted MRI of Infiltrated Marrow for Predicting Overall Survival in Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Radiology 2020; 295:155-161. [PMID: 32068504 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2020191693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) features relatively low overall survival (OS). Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion-weighted MRI separates tissue microcapillary perfusion and diffusivity and may have potential for helping to assess prognosis in infiltrated marrow disease apart from solid tumor. Thus, a study of overall survival would contribute to clarifying the value of IVIM for assessing long-term prognosis in AML. Purpose To determine whether the IVIM-derived parameters of infiltrated bone marrow may be associated with OS in newly diagnosed AML. Materials and Methods This prospective study enrolled participants with newly diagnosed AML between July 2014 to March 2016 consecutively. Participants underwent MRI of the lumbar spine by using an IVIM sequence. Participant clinical characteristics and OS were collected. The median of follow-up period was 20 months (range, 1-56 months). The IVIM parameters (pseudoperfusion fraction, f; diffusion coefficient, D; and pseudodiffusion coefficient, D*) were obtained. A nonparametric log-rank test was used to identify the threshold of IVIM parameters for OS. Univariable Kaplan-Meier and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed to investigate prognostic significance of possible indicators. Results Fifty-three participants (mean age, 42 years ± 17; 30 men) were evaluated. Nonparametric log-rank test results showed that the thresholds of f and D values for OS were 31.0% and 0.2 × 10-3 mm2/sec, respectively. Univariable analyses indicated that high f value (>31.0%) and low D value (≤0.2 × 10-3 mm2/sec) were associated with shorter OS (P = .003 and .01, respectively). An f value greater than 31.0% (hazard ratio, 2.4; 95% confidence interval: 1.0, 5.6; P = .046) was associated with OS, independent of clinical confounders (age, karyotype, and white blood cell counts) in a multivariable analysis. Conclusion Pseudoperfusion fraction and diffusion coefficient from intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted MRI may be viable prognosis predictors of newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia. © RSNA, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianting Li
- From the Department of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China (J.L., R.Z.); Departments of Stomatology (Wenjin Li) and Radiology (J.N., X.S., W.W.), 2nd Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China 030001; Department of Radiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (T.G.); Departments of Medical Imaging and Radiology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan (T.T.F.S.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill (Weiguo Li); and Center for MR Research and Departments of Radiology, Neurosurgery, and Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Ill (X.J.Z.)
| | - Wenjin Li
- From the Department of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China (J.L., R.Z.); Departments of Stomatology (Wenjin Li) and Radiology (J.N., X.S., W.W.), 2nd Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China 030001; Department of Radiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (T.G.); Departments of Medical Imaging and Radiology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan (T.T.F.S.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill (Weiguo Li); and Center for MR Research and Departments of Radiology, Neurosurgery, and Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Ill (X.J.Z.)
| | - Jinliang Niu
- From the Department of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China (J.L., R.Z.); Departments of Stomatology (Wenjin Li) and Radiology (J.N., X.S., W.W.), 2nd Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China 030001; Department of Radiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (T.G.); Departments of Medical Imaging and Radiology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan (T.T.F.S.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill (Weiguo Li); and Center for MR Research and Departments of Radiology, Neurosurgery, and Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Ill (X.J.Z.)
| | - Xiaoli Song
- From the Department of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China (J.L., R.Z.); Departments of Stomatology (Wenjin Li) and Radiology (J.N., X.S., W.W.), 2nd Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China 030001; Department of Radiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (T.G.); Departments of Medical Imaging and Radiology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan (T.T.F.S.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill (Weiguo Li); and Center for MR Research and Departments of Radiology, Neurosurgery, and Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Ill (X.J.Z.)
| | - Wenqi Wu
- From the Department of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China (J.L., R.Z.); Departments of Stomatology (Wenjin Li) and Radiology (J.N., X.S., W.W.), 2nd Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China 030001; Department of Radiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (T.G.); Departments of Medical Imaging and Radiology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan (T.T.F.S.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill (Weiguo Li); and Center for MR Research and Departments of Radiology, Neurosurgery, and Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Ill (X.J.Z.)
| | - Tong Gong
- From the Department of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China (J.L., R.Z.); Departments of Stomatology (Wenjin Li) and Radiology (J.N., X.S., W.W.), 2nd Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China 030001; Department of Radiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (T.G.); Departments of Medical Imaging and Radiology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan (T.T.F.S.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill (Weiguo Li); and Center for MR Research and Departments of Radiology, Neurosurgery, and Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Ill (X.J.Z.)
| | - Rong Zheng
- From the Department of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China (J.L., R.Z.); Departments of Stomatology (Wenjin Li) and Radiology (J.N., X.S., W.W.), 2nd Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China 030001; Department of Radiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (T.G.); Departments of Medical Imaging and Radiology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan (T.T.F.S.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill (Weiguo Li); and Center for MR Research and Departments of Radiology, Neurosurgery, and Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Ill (X.J.Z.)
| | - Tiffany Ting-Fang Shih
- From the Department of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China (J.L., R.Z.); Departments of Stomatology (Wenjin Li) and Radiology (J.N., X.S., W.W.), 2nd Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China 030001; Department of Radiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (T.G.); Departments of Medical Imaging and Radiology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan (T.T.F.S.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill (Weiguo Li); and Center for MR Research and Departments of Radiology, Neurosurgery, and Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Ill (X.J.Z.)
| | - Weiguo Li
- From the Department of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China (J.L., R.Z.); Departments of Stomatology (Wenjin Li) and Radiology (J.N., X.S., W.W.), 2nd Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China 030001; Department of Radiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (T.G.); Departments of Medical Imaging and Radiology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan (T.T.F.S.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill (Weiguo Li); and Center for MR Research and Departments of Radiology, Neurosurgery, and Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Ill (X.J.Z.)
| | - Xiaohong Joe Zhou
- From the Department of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China (J.L., R.Z.); Departments of Stomatology (Wenjin Li) and Radiology (J.N., X.S., W.W.), 2nd Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China 030001; Department of Radiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (T.G.); Departments of Medical Imaging and Radiology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan (T.T.F.S.); Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill (Weiguo Li); and Center for MR Research and Departments of Radiology, Neurosurgery, and Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Ill (X.J.Z.)
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Shan Q, Kuang S, Zhang Y, He B, Wu J, Zhang T, Wang J. A comparative study of monoexponential versus biexponential models of diffusion-weighted imaging in differentiating histologic grades of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2020; 45:90-100. [PMID: 31595327 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-019-02253-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the diagnostic value of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and intravoxel incoherent motion metrics in discriminating histologic grades of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. METHODS 117 chronic HBV patients with 120 pathologically confirmed HCCs after surgical resection or liver transplantation were enrolled in this retrospective study. Diffusion-weighted imaging was performed using eleven b values (0-1500 s/mm2) and two b values (0, 800 s/mm2) successively on a 3.0 T system. ADC0, 800, ADCtotal, diffusion coefficient (D), pseudodiffusion coefficient (D*), and perfusion fraction (f) were calculated. The parameters of three histologically differentiated subtypes were investigated using Kruskal-Wallis test, Spearman rank correlation, and receiver-operating characteristic analysis. Interobserver agreement was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient. RESULTS There was excellent agreement for ADCtotal/D/f, good agreement for ADC0,800, and moderate agreement for D*. ADCtotal, ADC0, 800,D, and f were significantly different for well, moderately, and poorly differentiated HCCs (P < 0.001), and they were all inversely correlated with histologic grades: r = - 0.633, - 0.394, - 0.435, and - 0.358, respectively (P < 0.001). ADCtotal demonstrated higher performance than ADC0,800 in diagnosing both well and poorly differentiated HCCs (P < 0.001 and P = 0.04, respectively). ADCtotal showed higher performance than D and f in diagnosing well differentiated HCCs (P < 0.001) and similar performance in diagnosing poorly differentiated HCCs (P = 0.06 and 0.13, respectively). CONCLUSIONS ADCtotal showed better diagnostic performance than ADC0,800, D, and f to discriminate histologic grades of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qungang Shan
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Rd., Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Sichi Kuang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Rd., Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Rd., Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingjun He
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Rd., Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Rd., Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianhui Zhang
- Department of Radiology, MeiZhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Huangtang Road, Meizhou, 514031, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 600 Tianhe Rd., Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Baboli M, Zhang J, Kim SG. Advances in Diffusion and Perfusion MRI for Quantitative Cancer Imaging. CURRENT PATHOBIOLOGY REPORTS 2019; 7:129-141. [PMID: 33344067 PMCID: PMC7747414 DOI: 10.1007/s40139-019-00204-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article is to review recent technical developments and their clinical applications in cancer imaging quantitative measurement of cellular and vascular properties of the tumors. RECENT FINDINGS Rapid development of fast Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) technologies over last decade brought new opportunities in quantitative MRI methods to measure both cellular and vascular properties of tumors simultaneously. SUMMARY Diffusion MRI (dMRI) and dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE)-MRI have become widely used to assess the tissue structural and vascular properties, respectively. However, the ultimate potential of these advanced imaging modalities has not been fully exploited. The dependency of dMRI on the diffusion weighting gradient strength and diffusion time can be utilized to measure tumor perfusion, cellular structure, and cellular membrane permeability. Similarly, DCE-MRI can be used to measure vascular and cellular membrane permeability along with cellular compartment volume fractions. To facilitate the understanding of these potentially important methods for quantitative cancer imaging, we discuss the basic concepts and recent developments, as well as future directions for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Baboli
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jin Zhang
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Sungheon Gene Kim
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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Tumor detectability and conspicuity comparison of standard b1000 and ultrahigh b2000 diffusion-weighted imaging in rectal cancer. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2019; 44:3595-3605. [PMID: 31444557 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-019-02177-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare tumor detectability and conspicuity of standard b = 1000 s/mm2 (b1000) versus ultrahigh b = 2000 s/mm2 (b2000) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in rectal cancer. METHODS Fifty-five patients for a total of 81 3T DWI-MR scans were retrospectively evaluated by two differently experienced readers. A comparison between b1000 and b2000 for tumor detectability and conspicuity was performed. The conspicuity was qualitatively and quantitatively assessed by using three-point scale and whole tumor volume manual delineation, respectively. Receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC) with area under the curve (AUC) analysis provided diagnostic accuracy in tumor detectability of restaging MR scans. Qualitative scores and quantitative features including mean signal intensity, variance, 10th percentile and 90th percentile, were compared using the Wilcoxon test. Interobserver agreement (IOA) for qualitative and quantitative data was calculated using Cohen's Kappa and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) respectively. RESULTS Diagnostic accuracy was comparable between b1000 and b2000 for both readers (p > 0.05). Overall quality scores were significantly better for b2000 than b1000 (2.29 vs 1.65 Reader 1, p = 0.01; 2.18 vs 1.69 Reader 2, p = 0.04). IOA was equally good for both b values (k = 0.86 b1000, k = 0.86 b2000). Quantitative analysis revealed more uniform signal (measured in variance) of b2000 in both healthy surrounding tissue (p < 0.05) and tumor (p < 0.05), with less outliers (measured using 10th and 90th percentile). Additionally, b2000 offered lower mean signal intensity in tissue sorrounding the tumor (p < 0.05). Finally, ICC improved from 0.92 (b1000) to 0.97 (b2000). CONCLUSION Ultrahigh b value (b2000) may improve rectal cancer conspicuity and introbserver agreement maintaining comparable diagnostic accuracy to standard b1000.
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Preclinical Molecular Imaging for Precision Medicine in Breast Cancer Mouse Models. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2019; 2019:8946729. [PMID: 31598114 PMCID: PMC6778915 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8946729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Precision and personalized medicine is gaining importance in modern clinical medicine, as it aims to improve diagnostic precision and to reduce consequent therapeutic failures. In this regard, prior to use in human trials, animal models can help evaluate novel imaging approaches and therapeutic strategies and can help discover new biomarkers. Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide, accounting for 25% of cases of all cancers and is responsible for approximately 500,000 deaths per year. Thus, it is important to identify accurate biomarkers for precise stratification of affected patients and for early detection of responsiveness to the selected therapeutic protocol. This review aims to summarize the latest advancements in preclinical molecular imaging in breast cancer mouse models. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging remains one of the most common preclinical techniques used to evaluate biomarker expression in vivo, whereas magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), particularly diffusion-weighted (DW) sequences, has been demonstrated as capable of distinguishing responders from nonresponders for both conventional and innovative chemo- and immune-therapies with high sensitivity and in a noninvasive manner. The ability to customize therapies is desirable, as this will enable early detection of diseases and tailoring of treatments to individual patient profiles. Animal models remain irreplaceable in the effort to understand the molecular mechanisms and patterns of oncologic diseases.
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Liu C, Zhang S, Yao Y, Su C, Wang Z, Wang M, Zhu W. Associations Between Diffusion Dynamics and Functional Outcome in Acute and Early Subacute Ischemic Stroke. Clin Neuroradiol 2019; 30:517-524. [PMID: 31399748 DOI: 10.1007/s00062-019-00812-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The current study aimed to investigate the associations between diffusion dynamics of ischemic lesions and clinical functional outcome of acute and early subacute stroke. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 80 patients with first ever infarcts in the territory of the middle cerebral artery underwent multi-b-values diffusion-weighted imaging and diffusion kurtosis imaging. Multiple diffusion parameters were generated in postprocessing using different diffusion models. Long-term functional outcome was evaluated with modified Rankin scale (mRS) at 6 months post-stroke. Good functional outcome was defined as mRS score ≤ 2 and poor functional outcome was defined as mRS score ≥ 3. Univariate analysis was used to compare the diffusion parameters and clinical features between patients with poor and good functional outcome. Significant parameters were further analyzed for correlations with functional outcome using partial correlation. RESULTS In univariate analyses, standard-b-values apparent diffusion coefficient (ADCst) ratio and fractional anisotropy (FA) ratio of acute stroke, ADCst ratio and mean kurtosis (MK) ratio of early subacute stroke were statistically different between patients with poor outcome and good outcome (P < 0.05). When the potential confounding factor of lesion volume was controlled, only FA ratio of acute stroke, ADCst ratio and MK ratio of early subacute stroke remained correlated with the functional outcome (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Diffusion dynamics are correlated with the clinical functional outcome of ischemic stroke. This correlation is independent of the effect of lesion volume and is specific to the time period between symptom onset and imaging. More effort is needed to further investigate the predictive value of diffusion-weighted imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengxia Liu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Shun Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Yihao Yao
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Changliang Su
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenxiong Wang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Minghuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenzhen Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, China.
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Chen T, Zhao M, Song J, Mu X, Jiang Y, Zhou X, Zhou X, Dai Y. The effect of maternal hyperoxygenation on placental perfusion in normal and Fetal Growth Restricted pregnancies using Intravoxel Incoherent Motion. Placenta 2019; 88:28-35. [PMID: 31606612 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2019.08.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of maternal hyperoxygenation on placental perfusion in normal and Fetal Growth Restricted (FGR) pregnancies using Intravoxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM). METHODS Ten FGR pregnancies and twenty-five normal pregnancies underwent IVIM examinations before and after maternal hyperoxygenation (95% O2, 5% CO2) using a 1.5T MR scanner. The IVIM parameters (fp, Dt, Dp) were determined for the placentas of both groups. The IVIM parameters within and between groups and their correlations with Doppler findings were statistically analyzed. ROC analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic power of IVIM derived parameters. RESULTS Before maternal hyperoxygenation, the perfusion fraction fp was significantly lower in the FGR group than that in the normal group (22.88±10.29 (%) vs. 36.28±9.70 (%), p = 0.000). After maternal hyperoxygenation, fp decreased significantly in the normal group (36.28±9.70 (%) vs. 29.93±10.25 (%), p = 0.032), whereas it remained relatively stable in the FGR group (22.88±10.29 (%) vs. 24.38±13.67 (%), p = 0.508). An increase of Dt was found only for the normal group and Dp did not changed significantly after maternal hyperoxygenation. There existed a negative correlation between fppre and umbilical artery pulsatility index (PI) (r = -0.385, p < 0.05) as well as Dtpost and PI (r = -0.574, p < 0.01). The fppre displayed a best diagnostic power of all parameters with the area under curve (AUC) of 0.912. CONCLUSION The perfusion fraction, fp, is able to distinguish FGR from normal pregnancies by its value pre and by its change (or lack thereof) post maternal hyperoxygenation. IVIM may potentially help improve the diagnosis of placenta function as it relates to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Jiacheng Song
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Xihu Mu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xuanyi Zhou
- United Imaging Healthcare, MR Collaboration, Shanghai, 201302, China
| | - Yongming Dai
- United Imaging Healthcare, MR Collaboration, Shanghai, 201302, China
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Sung YH, Kim EY. Is High-Spatial-Resolution Diffusion MRI Applicable for the Diagnosis of Parkinson Disease? Radiology 2019; 292:267-268. [PMID: 31112091 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2019190486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eung Yeop Kim
- Radiology, † Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, 21 Namdong-daero 774 beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon 21565, South Korea
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Adelnia F, Cameron D, Bergeron CM, Fishbein KW, Spencer RG, Reiter DA, Ferrucci L. The Role of Muscle Perfusion in the Age-Associated Decline of Mitochondrial Function in Healthy Individuals. Front Physiol 2019; 10:427. [PMID: 31031645 PMCID: PMC6473080 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Maximum oxidative capacity of skeletal muscle measured by in vivo phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) declines with age, and negatively affects whole-body aerobic capacity. However, it remains unclear whether the loss of oxidative capacity is caused by reduced volume and function of mitochondria or limited substrate availability secondary to impaired muscle perfusion. Therefore, we sought to elucidate the role of muscle perfusion on the age-related decline of muscle oxidative capacity and ultimately whole-body aerobic capacity. Muscle oxidative capacity was assessed by 31P-MRS post-exercise phosphocreatine recovery time (τPCr), with higher τPCr reflecting lower oxidative capacity, in 75 healthy participants (48 men, 22–89 years) of the Genetic and Epigenetic Signatures of Translational Aging Laboratory Testing study. Muscle perfusion was characterized as an index of blood volume at rest using a customized diffusion-weighted MRI technique and analysis method developed in our laboratory. Aerobic capacity (peak-VO2) was also measured during a graded treadmill exercise test in the same visit. Muscle oxidative capacity, peak-VO2, and resting muscle perfusion were significantly lower at older ages independent of sex, race, and body mass index (BMI). τPCr was significantly associated with resting muscle perfusion independent of age, sex, race, and BMI (p-value = 0.004, β = −0.34). τPCr was also a significant independent predictor of peak-VO2 and, in a mediation analysis, significantly attenuated the association between muscle perfusion and peak-VO2 (34% reduction for β in perfusion). These findings suggest that the age-associated decline in muscle oxidative capacity is partly due to impaired muscle perfusion and not mitochondrial dysfunction alone. Furthermore, our findings show that part of the decline in whole-body aerobic capacity observed with aging is also due to reduced microvascular blood volume at rest, representing a basal capacity of the microvascular system, which is mediated by muscle oxidative capacity. This finding suggests potential benefit of interventions that target an overall increase in muscle perfusion for the restoration of energetic capacity and mitochondrial function with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Adelnia
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Donnie Cameron
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher M Bergeron
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kenneth W Fishbein
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Richard G Spencer
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - David A Reiter
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
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