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Samutsakorn P, Hirunwiwatkul P, Chaitusaney B, Charakorn N. Lingual tonsillectomy with palatal surgery for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2018; 275:1005-1013. [PMID: 29411104 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-018-4887-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate effects of lingual tonsillectomy with palatal surgery as a combined procedure for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in adults. SEARCH METHODS Data source: a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, Scopus, Ovid, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library was performed through November 2017. Manual searches and subject matter expert input were also obtained. This review includes studies assessing efficacy of lingual tonsillectomy with palatal surgery as a combined procedure for the treatment of OSA in adults, who had multilevel obstruction including lingual tonsil hypertrophy, in which apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) or respiratory disturbance index (RDI) were reported. RESULTS A total of four studies (107 patients) met our inclusion criteria. Pooled random effects analysis demonstrated a statistically significant improvement of polysomnographic respiratory events postoperatively, with average AHI reduction of 18.51 events per hour, [95% confidence interval (CI) (- 31.72, - 5.31); P = 0.006] and increase in minimal arterial oxygen saturation of 5.26 [95% CI (0.10, 10.42); P = 0.05]. The result also showed that the procedures significantly improved sleepiness resulting in an average Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) reduction of 5.44 [95% CI (- 8.69, - 2.18); P = 0.001]. CONCLUSION A combination of lingual tonsillectomy with palatal surgery may offer benefits in a selected group of OSA adults, in terms of apnea/hypopnea index, minimal arterial oxygen saturation and Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Data were based on meta-analysis of all case series with 2-6 months' follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phantipar Samutsakorn
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Pranangklao Hospital, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Prakobkiat Hirunwiwatkul
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 1873 Rama4 Road Patumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.,Excellence Center for Sleep Disorders, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, 1873 Rama4 Road Patumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Busarakum Chaitusaney
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 1873 Rama4 Road Patumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.,Excellence Center for Sleep Disorders, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, 1873 Rama4 Road Patumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Natamon Charakorn
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 1873 Rama4 Road Patumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. .,Excellence Center for Sleep Disorders, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, 1873 Rama4 Road Patumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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102
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Kim JW, Kim DS, Kim SD, Mun SJ, Koo SK, Cho KS. Does drug-induced sleep endoscopy predict surgical success of limited palatal muscle resection in patients with obstructive sleep apnea? Auris Nasus Larynx 2018; 45:1027-1032. [PMID: 29395634 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to determine the associated factors affecting the success rate of limited palatal muscle resection (LPMR), and to investigate whether drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) could predict the therapeutic response to LPMR in patients with obstructive sleep apnea obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). METHODS Twenty-one consecutive OSA patients underwent LPMR were enrolled. All patients received routine ENT examination, preoperative DISE, and polysomnography (PSG). Clinical, polysomnographic, cephalometric variables, and DISE findings were evaluated. The measurements were related to the success or failure of LPMR based on the results of preoperative and postoperative PSG. RESULTS The overall success rate of LPMR was 66.6%. Postoperative AHI and minimal oxygen saturation were significantly decreased after LPMR (p<0.001). Comparison between success and failure groups revealed no significant differences in BMI, Friedman stage, preoperative AHI, minimal oxygen saturation, and all cephalometric parameters. However, the success of LPMR was significantly correlated with site, degree, and configuration of obstruction in DISE. In the velopharynx, complete obstruction (p=0.006) with anterolateral or concentric pattern (p=0.044) had significantly better success rate than partial obstruction with lateral pattern. CONCLUSION DISE was only predictive method for identifying the success in OSA patients undergoing LPMR. Patients with anteroposterior or concentric total obstruction in the velopharynx might be suitable candidate for LPMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Wook Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Soo Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Dong Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sue Jean Mun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Kweon Koo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Busan Saint Mary's Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Sup Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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103
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Irvine LE, Yang Z, Kezirian EJ, Nimni ME, Han B. Hyoepiglottic ligament collagen and elastin fiber composition and changes associated with aging. Laryngoscope 2018; 128:1245-1248. [PMID: 29330863 DOI: 10.1002/lary.27094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The epiglottis may contribute to upper airway obstruction in approximately 10% of patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Clinical experience indicates that older patients may be more likely to have epiglottis-related obstruction. This study was designed to examine tissue characteristics of the hyoepiglottic ligament as a possible factor in epiglottis-related obstruction based on previous research suggesting that older adults have fewer collagen, elastin, and muscle fibers in the hyoepiglottic ligament. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study of 25 human cadaver hyoepiglottic ligaments. Specimens were stained using Masson's trichrome and Picrosirius red for collagen fibers and with Verhoeff-Van Gieson for elastin fibers. Percentage of collagen and elastin fiber staining for each specimen was calculated and averaged over three regions of each ligament section. Regression analysis was used to determine the association between age, smoking history, and collagen and elastin composition of the hyoepiglottic ligament. RESULTS The average age of the specimens was 68.4 ± 15.1 years (range 30-90 years). Increasing age was associated with a lower percentage of collagen and elastin fibers. When accounting for tobacco use, each 1-year increase in age was associated with a 0.53% decrease in Masson's trichrome staining (P = 0.004), a 0.35% decrease in Picrosirius red staining (P = 0.023), and a 0.33% decrease in Verhoeff-Van Gieson staining (P = 0.008). CONCLUSION Increasing age is associated with decreases in the collagen and elastin content of the hyoepiglottic ligament. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA. Laryngoscope, 128:1245-1248, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie E Irvine
- Santa Barbara Plastic Surgery Center, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
| | - Eric J Kezirian
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
| | - Marcel E Nimni
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
| | - Bo Han
- Department of Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
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104
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Cori JM, O'Donoghue FJ, Jordan AS. Sleeping tongue: current perspectives of genioglossus control in healthy individuals and patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Nat Sci Sleep 2018; 10:169-179. [PMID: 29942169 PMCID: PMC6007201 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s143296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The focus of this review was on the genioglossus (GG) muscle and its role in maintaining upper airway patency in both healthy individuals and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. This review provided an overview of GG anatomy and GG control and function during both wakefulness and sleep in healthy individuals and in those with OSA. We reviewed evidence for the role of the GG in OSA pathogenesis and also highlighted abnormalities in GG morphology, responsiveness, tissue movement patterns and neurogenic control that may contribute to or result from OSA. We summarized the different methods for improving GG function and/or activity in OSA and their efficacy. In addition, we discussed the possibility that assessing the synergistic activation of multiple upper airway dilator muscles may provide greater insight into upper airway function and OSA pathogenesis, rather than assessing the GG in isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Cori
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Fergal J O'Donoghue
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Amy S Jordan
- Department of Psychology, Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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105
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Lan MC, Hsu YB, Lan MY, Huang YC, Kao MC, Huang TT, Chiu TJ, Yang MC. The predictive value of drug-induced sleep endoscopy for CPAP titration in OSA patients. Sleep Breath 2017; 22:949-954. [DOI: 10.1007/s11325-017-1600-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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106
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Ong AA, Ayers CM, Kezirian EJ, Tucker Woodson B, de Vries N, Nguyen SA, Boyd Gillespie M. Application of drug-induced sleep endoscopy in patients treated with upper airway stimulation therapy. World J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017; 3:92-96. [PMID: 29204585 PMCID: PMC5683593 DOI: 10.1016/j.wjorl.2017.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine the level of agreement among experienced operators of candidacy for upper airway stimulation (UAS) based on evaluation of drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE). Methods The trial was designed as a single-blinded cross-sectional study. Four otolaryngologists with extensive DISE experience were given 63 video clips from the STAR trial video library. These videos were graded using the VOTE classification. Percentage agreement and Cohen’s κ (for inter-rater reliability) were calculated between pairs of reviewers, assessing palatal complete concentric collapse (CCC) and determining UAS eligibility. Subjects were also grouped based on collapse severity for each reviewer. Results The reviewers had excellent (approximately 90%) agreement on findings at the level of the soft palate and tongue base. The inter-rater reliability for palatal CCC ranged from moderate to substantial. The agreement on determining the criteria for UAS implantation ranged from poor to moderate. All 4 upper airway structures as classified by the criteria of the VOTE were graded by all the reviewers as contributing to obstruction in a majority of subjects who were performed via application of DISE. Conclusion Application of DISE remains a subjective examination, even among those experienced operators, therefore more studies need to be performed for evaluation of improvement in inter-rater reliability after implantation of training videos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian A Ong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Christopher M Ayers
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Eric J Kezirian
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - B Tucker Woodson
- Department of Otolaryngology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Nico de Vries
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Saint Lucas Andreas Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Shaun A Nguyen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - M Boyd Gillespie
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Tennessee-Memphis, USA
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107
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Tsuda H, Wada N, Ando SI. Practical considerations for effective oral appliance use in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea: a clinical review. SLEEP SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2017. [DOI: 10.1186/s41606-017-0013-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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108
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Lee JS, Heo SJ, Kim JS, Ahn D, Sohn JH, Kim H. Relationship between the severity of laryngopharyngeal reflux and sleep apnea: using drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE). Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2017; 275:219-224. [DOI: 10.1007/s00405-017-4812-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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109
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Jiao X, Zou J, Liu S, Guan J, Yi H, Yin S. A retrospective study: does upper airway morphology differ between non-positional and positional obstructive sleep apnea? PeerJ 2017; 5:e3918. [PMID: 29043111 PMCID: PMC5642243 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to explore the differences in upper airway morphology between positional (POSA) and non-positional (NPOSA) obstructive sleep apnea. Methods This retrospective study enrolled 75 patients (45 NPOSA and 30 POSA) who underwent polysomnography (PSG) and computed tomography (CT). The differences in, and relationships of, the PSG values and CT data between POSA and NPOSA were analyzed. Results Significant (p < 0.05) differences between the two groups were found in the apnea/hypopnea index (AHI), lateral-AHI (L-AHI), soft palate length (SPL), cross-sectional palatopharyngeal area, and the coronal diameter (CD) of the palatopharyngeal area at the narrowest part of the glossopharynx, which were all higher in POSA, except for SPL, AHI, and L-AHI. L-AHI was correlated with the cross-sectional area (r = − 0.306, p = 0.008) and CD (r = − 0.398, p < 0.001) of the palatopharyngeal area, the cross-sectional area (r = − 0.241, p = 0.038) and CD (r = − 0.297, p = 0.010) of the narrowest level of the glossopharynx, the CD of the glossopharynx (r = 0.284, p = 0.013), body mass index (BMI, r = 0.273, p = 0.018), SPL (r = 0.284, p = 0.014), and vallecula-tip of tongue (r = 0.250, p = 0.030). The SPL and CD at the narrowest part of the glossopharynx were included in the simplified screening model. Conclusions In NPOSA, the CD of the upper airway was smaller, and the soft palate was longer, than in POSA. These differences may play significant roles in explaining the main differences between NPOSA and POSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Jiao
- Otolaryngology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianyin Zou
- Otolaryngology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Suru Liu
- Otolaryngology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Guan
- Otolaryngology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongliang Yi
- Otolaryngology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shankai Yin
- Otolaryngology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Otolaryngology Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Vanderveken OM, Beyers J, Op de Beeck S, Dieltjens M, Willemen M, Verbraecken JA, De Backer WA, Van de Heyning PH. Development of a Clinical Pathway and Technical Aspects of Upper Airway Stimulation Therapy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:523. [PMID: 28983236 PMCID: PMC5613133 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disease with high morbidity and related mortality. Narrowing and collapse of the pharyngeal airway during sleep characterize the disease, resulting in a decrease (hypopnea) or a complete cessation (apnea) of oronasal airflow. Upper airway stimulation (UAS), using electrical neurostimulation of the hypoglossal nerve (n. XII) synchronized with ventilation, is a novel, evolving treatment option. UAS was found to be an effective treatment in CPAP-intolerant patients. The treatment success is partly due to the strict selection of the patients, based on previous findings. Furthermore, post-operative follow-up is needed in order to maintain or improve treatment outcome. Therefore, a clinical pathway, which provides structure and standardization, is crucial. In this paper, the aim is to discuss the technical aspects of UAS therapy and to describe a clinical pathway to organize the care process of UAS for OSA in a structured and standardized way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier M Vanderveken
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of AntwerpAntwerp, Belgium.,Department ENT, Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University HospitalAntwerp, Belgium.,Multidisciplinary Sleep Disorders Center, Antwerp University HospitalAntwerp, Belgium
| | - Jolien Beyers
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of AntwerpAntwerp, Belgium.,Department ENT, Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University HospitalAntwerp, Belgium
| | - Sara Op de Beeck
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of AntwerpAntwerp, Belgium.,Department ENT, Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University HospitalAntwerp, Belgium
| | - Marijke Dieltjens
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of AntwerpAntwerp, Belgium.,Department ENT, Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University HospitalAntwerp, Belgium
| | - Marc Willemen
- Multidisciplinary Sleep Disorders Center, Antwerp University HospitalAntwerp, Belgium
| | - Johan A Verbraecken
- Multidisciplinary Sleep Disorders Center, Antwerp University HospitalAntwerp, Belgium.,Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Antwerp University HospitalAntwerp, Belgium
| | - Wilfried A De Backer
- Multidisciplinary Sleep Disorders Center, Antwerp University HospitalAntwerp, Belgium.,Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Antwerp University HospitalAntwerp, Belgium
| | - Paul H Van de Heyning
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of AntwerpAntwerp, Belgium.,Department ENT, Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University HospitalAntwerp, Belgium.,Multidisciplinary Sleep Disorders Center, Antwerp University HospitalAntwerp, Belgium
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111
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Azarbarzin A, Marques M, Sands SA, Op de Beeck S, Genta PR, Taranto-Montemurro L, de Melo CM, Messineo L, Vanderveken OM, White DP, Wellman A. Predicting epiglottic collapse in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea. Eur Respir J 2017; 50:50/3/1700345. [PMID: 28931660 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00345-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is characterised by pharyngeal obstruction occurring at different sites. Endoscopic studies reveal that epiglottic collapse renders patients at higher risk of failed oral appliance therapy or accentuated collapse on continuous positive airway pressure. Diagnosing epiglottic collapse currently requires invasive studies (imaging and endoscopy). As an alternative, we propose that epiglottic collapse can be detected from the distinct airflow patterns it produces during sleep.23 OSA patients underwent natural sleep endoscopy. 1232 breaths were scored as epiglottic/nonepiglottic collapse. Several flow characteristics were determined from the flow signal (recorded simultaneously with endoscopy) and used to build a predictive model to distinguish epiglottic from nonepiglottic collapse. Additionally, 10 OSA patients were studied to validate the pneumotachograph flow features using nasal pressure signals.Epiglottic collapse was characterised by a rapid fall(s) in the inspiratory flow, more variable inspiratory and expiratory flow and reduced tidal volume. The cross-validated accuracy was 84%. Predictive features obtained from pneumotachograph flow and nasal pressure were strongly correlated.This study demonstrates that epiglottic collapse can be identified from the airflow signal measured during a sleep study. This method may enable clinicians to use clinically collected data to characterise underlying physiology and improve treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Azarbarzin
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Melania Marques
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Pulmonary Division, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Scott A Sands
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Dept of Allergy Immunology and Respiratory Medicine and Central Clinical School, The Alfred and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sara Op de Beeck
- Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Pedro R Genta
- Pulmonary Division, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luigi Taranto-Montemurro
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Camila M de Melo
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Dept of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ludovico Messineo
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Olivier M Vanderveken
- Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Dept of ENT, Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - David P White
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew Wellman
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Chousangsuntorn K, Bhongmakapat T, Apirakkittikul N, Sungkarat W, Supakul N, Laothamatas J. Computed Tomography Characterization and Comparison With Polysomnography for Obstructive Sleep Apnea Evaluation. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017; 76:854-872. [PMID: 28988101 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We hypothesized that computed tomography (CT) combined with portable polysomnography (PSG) might better visualize anatomic data related to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The present study evaluated the CT findings during OSA and assessed their associations with the PSG data and patient characteristics. PATIENTS AND METHODS We designed a prospective cross-sectional study of patients with OSA. The patients underwent scanning during the awake state and apneic episodes. Associations of the predictor variables (ie, PSG data, respiratory disturbance index [RDI]), patient characteristics (body mass index [BMI], neck circumference [NC], and waist circumference [WC]), and outcome variables (ie, CT findings during apneic episodes) were assessed using logistic regression analysis. The CT findings during apneic episodes were categorized regarding the level of obstruction, single level (retropalatal [RP] or retroglossal [RG]) or multilevel (mixed RP and RG), degree of obstruction (partial or complete), and pattern of collapse (complete concentric collapse [CCC] or other patterns). RESULTS A total of 58 adult patients with OSA were scanned. The mean ± standard deviation for the RDI, BMI, NC, and WC were 41.6 ± 28.55, 27.80 ± 5.43 kg/m2, 38.3 ± 4.3 cm, and 93.8 ± 13.6 cm, respectively. No variables distinguished between the presence of single- and multilevel airway obstruction in the present study. A high RDI (≥30) was associated with the presence of complete obstruction and CCC (odds ratio 6.33, 95% confidence interval 1.55 to 25.90; and odds ratio 3.77, 95% confidence interval 1.02 to 13.91, respectively) compared with those with a lesser RDI. CONCLUSIONS An increased RDI appears to be an important variable for predicting the presence of complete obstruction and CCC during OSA. Scanning during apneic episodes, using low-dose volumetric CT combined with portable PSG provided better anatomic and pathologic findings of OSA than did scans performed during the awake state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaisang Chousangsuntorn
- Biomedical Engineer, Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Thongchai Bhongmakapat
- Assistant Professor, Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Navarat Apirakkittikul
- Otolaryngologist, Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Witaya Sungkarat
- Biomedical Engineer, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, and Advanced Diagnostic Imaging Center (AIMC), Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nucharin Supakul
- Assistant Professor, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Jiraporn Laothamatas
- Professor, Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, and Advanced Diagnostic Imaging Center (AIMC), Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Spinowitz S, Kim M, Park SY. Patterns of Upper Airway Obstruction on Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy in Patients with Sleep-Disordered Breathing with AHI <5. OTO Open 2017; 1:2473974X17721483. [PMID: 30480190 PMCID: PMC6239036 DOI: 10.1177/2473974x17721483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To describe the patterns of upper airway obstruction in patients with
sleep-disordered breathing with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) <5 using
drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE). Study Design Retrospective study. Setting Tertiary care center. Subjects and Methods Inclusion of patients with sleep-disordered breathing with AHI <5 on
polysomnography who underwent DISE. Patients <18 years of age were
excluded. DISE findings were reported with the VOTEL classification system:
the level of collapse was described as occurring at the velum, oropharynx,
tongue base, epiglottis, and the lingual tonsils. The degree of collapse was
reported as complete, partial, or none. The pattern of the obstruction was
described as anteroposterior, lateral, or concentric when applicable. Results A total of 54 patients with sleep-disordered breathing with AHI <5
underwent DISE. Ages ranged from 19 to 65 years. DISE was performed alone in
7% (n = 4) of patients and in conjunction with surgery in 93% (n = 50) of
patients. The velum was the most frequent site of upper airway obstruction
(85%, n = 46), followed by base of tongue (63%, n = 34), epiglottis (39%, n
= 21), lingual tonsils (35%, n = 19), and oropharynx (31%, n = 17).
Eighty-three percent (n = 45) of patients had multiple levels of upper
airway obstruction, and 15% (n = 8) had a single level of upper airway
obstruction. Conclusion Patients with sleep-disordered breathing with AHI <5 have significant
upper airway obstruction as seen on DISE. DISE findings indicate that a
majority of these patients have multiple levels of upper airway obstruction,
which can lead to significant symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Spinowitz
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Mimi Kim
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Steven Y Park
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
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Vanderveken OM. The global and evident need to increase the validity and uniformity when performing drug-induced sleep endoscopy. Sleep Breath 2017; 22:191-192. [PMID: 28791502 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-017-1543-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier M Vanderveken
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Belgium. .,Multidisciplinary Sleep Disorders Center, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium. .,Research Group Translational Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
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115
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Strohl MM, Yamauchi M, Peng Z, Strohl KP. Insights since FDA Approval of Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation for the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea. CURRENT SLEEP MEDICINE REPORTS 2017; 3:133-141. [PMID: 29276665 DOI: 10.1007/s40675-017-0088-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The literature on hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HNS) for the treatment of moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) was reviewed from 2014, the time of FDA approval for the Inspire Systems device, to 2017 for themes that might be useful conceptually and practically in the consideration of this new non-anatomic surgical therapy. Recent Findings there are now further follow-up articles since the 12-month results for Apnea Reduction (STAR) trial of the Inspire device, and post-approval publications which report similar and/0r improved AHI outcomes. Other emerging themes include drug-induced sedation endoscopy (DISE) as a tool in assessment of eligibility and a more detailed understanding of mechanisms for an HNS effects. Summary The post-STAR literature provides guidelines for an integrated coordination of medicine and surgery to appropriately screen and manage patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine M Strohl
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco CA
| | - Motoo Yamauchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Zhe Peng
- Department of Surgery, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Kingman P Strohl
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Case School of Medicine, Cleveland OH
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116
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Oh MS, Dedhia RC. Current Techniques and Role of Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea. CURRENT SLEEP MEDICINE REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40675-017-0082-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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117
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Marques M, Genta PR, Sands SA, Azarbazin A, de Melo C, Taranto-Montemurro L, White DP, Wellman A. Effect of Sleeping Position on Upper Airway Patency in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Is Determined by the Pharyngeal Structure Causing Collapse. Sleep 2017; 40:2965203. [PMID: 28329099 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsx005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives In some patients, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can be resolved with improvement in pharyngeal patency by sleeping lateral rather than supine, possibly as gravitational effects on the tongue are relieved. Here we tested the hypothesis that the improvement in pharyngeal patency depends on the anatomical structure causing collapse, with patients with tongue-related obstruction and epiglottic collapse exhibiting preferential improvements. Methods Twenty-four OSA patients underwent upper airway endoscopy during natural sleep to determine the pharyngeal structure associated with obstruction, with simultaneous recordings of airflow and pharyngeal pressure. Patients were grouped into three categories based on supine endoscopy: Tongue-related obstruction (posteriorly located tongue, N = 10), non-tongue related obstruction (collapse due to the palate or lateral walls, N = 8), and epiglottic collapse (N = 6). Improvement in pharyngeal obstruction was quantified using the change in peak inspiratory airflow and minute ventilation lateral versus supine. Results Contrary to our hypothesis, patients with tongue-related obstruction showed no improvement in airflow, and the tongue remained posteriorly located while lateral. Patients without tongue involvement showed modest improvement in airflow (peak flow increased 0.07 L/s and ventilation increased 1.5 L/min). Epiglottic collapse was virtually abolished with lateral positioning and ventilation increased by 45% compared to supine position. Conclusions Improvement in pharyngeal patency with sleeping position is structure specific, with profound improvements seen in patients with epiglottic collapse, modest effects in those without tongue involvement and-unexpectedly-no effect in those with tongue-related obstruction. Our data refute the notion that the tongue falls back into the airway during sleep via gravitational influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melania Marques
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Pulmonary Division, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro R Genta
- Pulmonary Division, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Scott A Sands
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine and Central Clinical School, The Alfred and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ali Azarbazin
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Camila de Melo
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luigi Taranto-Montemurro
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - David P White
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Andrew Wellman
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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118
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Genta PR, Sands SA, Butler JP, Loring SH, Katz ES, Demko BG, Kezirian EJ, White DP, Wellman A. Airflow Shape Is Associated With the Pharyngeal Structure Causing OSA. Chest 2017; 152:537-546. [PMID: 28651794 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2017.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND OSA results from the collapse of different pharyngeal structures (soft palate, tongue, lateral walls, and epiglottis). The structure involved in collapse has been shown to impact non-CPAP OSA treatment. Different inspiratory airflow shapes are also observed among patients with OSA. We hypothesized that inspiratory flow shape reflects the underlying pharyngeal structure involved in airway collapse. METHODS Subjects with OSA were studied with a pediatric endoscope and simultaneous nasal flow and pharyngeal pressure recordings during natural sleep. The mechanism causing collapse was classified as tongue-related, isolated palatal, lateral walls, or epiglottis. Flow shape was classified according to the degree of negative effort dependence (NED), defined as the percent reduction in inspiratory flow from peak to plateau. RESULTS Thirty-one subjects with OSA (mean apnea-hypopnea index score ± SD, 54 ± 27 events/h) who were 50 ± 9 years of age were studied. NED was associated with the structure causing collapse (P < .001). Tongue-related obstruction (n = 13) was associated with a small amount of NED (median, 19; interquartile range [IQR], 14%-25%). Moderate NED was found among subjects with isolated palatal collapse (median, 45; IQR, 39%-52%; n = 8) and lateral wall collapse (median, 50; IQR, 44%-64%; n = 8). The epiglottis was associated with severe NED (median, 89; IQR, 78%-91%) and abrupt discontinuities in inspiratory flow (n = 9). CONCLUSIONS Inspiratory flow shape is influenced by the pharyngeal structure causing collapse. Flow shape analysis may be used as a noninvasive tool to help determine the pharyngeal structure causing collapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro R Genta
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Pulmonary Division, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Scott A Sands
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine and Central Clinical School, The Alfred and Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - James P Butler
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Stephen H Loring
- Department of Anesthesia, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Eliot S Katz
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Eric J Kezirian
- USC Caruso Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA
| | - David P White
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Andrew Wellman
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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119
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Ong AA, Buttram J, Nguyen SA, Platter D, Abidin MR, Gillespie MB. Hyoid myotomy and suspension without simultaneous palate or tongue base surgery for obstructive sleep apnea. World J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017; 3:110-114. [PMID: 29204589 PMCID: PMC5683656 DOI: 10.1016/j.wjorl.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Determine the effects of hyoid myotomy and suspension (HMS) without concurrent palatal or tongue base sleep surgery for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Method Patients with OSA treated with HMS were identified using CPT code (21685) at an academic and private sleep surgery clinic. Those who underwent concurrent palatal or tongue base sleep surgery were excluded. Outcomes included simultaneous procedures, apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), lowest oxyhemoglobin saturation (LSAT), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Results Nineteen patients with OSA underwent HMS without palatal or tongue base sleep surgery. The average age at surgery was (55.3 ± 13.5) years with a majority of patients being male (71%). Concurrent procedures included the following: torus mandibularis excision (n = 1), endoscopic sinus surgery (n = 4), septoplasty (n = 10), inferior turbinate reduction (n = 12), and nasal valve repair (n = 2). AHI improved significantly from (39.7 ± 21.2) events/h to (22.6 ± 22.7) events/h after HMS (P < 0.01), which represented a 43% reduction. LSAT significantly increased from (82.2% ± 9.9%) to (86.6% ± 6.2%), P < 0.01. There was no improvement in ESS after surgery (8.2 ± 4.4) to (8.3 ± 5.2), P = 0.904. A subset of patients with severe OSA (AHI > 30 events/h) had an improvement in AHI from (49.9 ± 16.6) events/h to (29.1 ± 24.9) events/h, P < 0.01. Conclusion HMS without palatal or tongue base sleep surgery improves OSA severity. It can be considered as a valid option in the treatment of OSA in appropriately-selected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian A. Ong
- Department of Otolaryngology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan Buttram
- Department of Otolaryngology, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, WA, USA
| | - Shaun A. Nguyen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | | | | | - M. Boyd Gillespie
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Corresponding author. Department of Otolaryngology, University of Tennessee-Memphis, 910 Madison Ave., Suite 408, Memphis, TN 38163, USA. Fax: +1 (901) 448 5120.Department of OtolaryngologyUniversity of Tennessee-Memphis910 Madison Ave.Suite 408, MemphisTN38163USA
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120
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Mahmoud AF, Thaler ER. Transoral Robotic Surgery for Obstructive Sleep Apnea. CURRENT SLEEP MEDICINE REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40675-017-0074-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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121
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Obstructive sleep apnea in postmenopausal women: a comparative study using drug induced sleep endoscopy. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2017; 83:285-291. [PMID: 27166272 PMCID: PMC9444765 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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122
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Blumen M, Bequignon E, Chabolle F. Drug-induced sleep endoscopy: A new gold standard for evaluating OSAS? Part II: Results. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis 2017; 134:109-115. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anorl.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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123
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[Drug-induced sedation endoscopy-quo vadis? : Review and outlook]. HNO 2017; 65:125-133. [PMID: 28116457 DOI: 10.1007/s00106-016-0329-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug-induced sedation endoscopy (DISE) is a diagnostic procedure which allows evaluation of the collapsibility of the upper airway. According to expert opinion, it is possible to imitate nocturnal collapsibility and perform a realistic investigation of the site of obstruction and vibration. This should enable sufficient and precise therapeutic advice to be given solely on the basis of clinical assessment. OBJECTIVE The current publication critically evaluates the present state of development of DISE and its potential indications. MATERIALS AND METHODS A PubMed literature research was performed using "sleep" and "endoscopy" or "DISE" as keywords. Relevant publications were evaluated. RESULTS The present publication provides a historical summary of the available publications and relates these to other methods for examining obstructive sleep apnea. The present state of DISE in terms of drugs applied, grading systems, and validity is evaluated. Indications for DISE are described and critically discussed on the basis of literature data. CONCLUSION DISE provides deep insights into the genesis of obstructions of the upper airway and snoring. Although its value for diagnosis and treatment of sleep-disordered breathing could not yet be demonstrated for all non-CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) therapies, DISE could identify predictive parameters some methods. Further potential indications for DISE might be predictive examinations for mandibular advancement devices and respiration-synchronous neurostimulation of the hypoglossal nerve. DISE will thus remain a valuable diagnostic tool for obstructive sleep apnea and rhonchopathy.
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124
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New perspectives in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome☆. COLOMBIAN JOURNAL OF ANESTHESIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1097/01819236-201701000-00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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125
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New perspectives in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome. COLOMBIAN JOURNAL OF ANESTHESIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rcae.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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126
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Cortés-Reyes E, Parrado-Bermúdez K, Escobar-Córdoba F. Nuevas perspectivas en el tratamiento del síndrome de apnea-hipopnea obstructiva del sueño. COLOMBIAN JOURNAL OF ANESTHESIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rca.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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127
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Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy Changes the Treatment Concept in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnoea. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:6583216. [PMID: 28070516 PMCID: PMC5192321 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6583216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The present study evaluated whether drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) helps identify the site of obstruction in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). A total of 51 consecutive patients with polysomnography-confirmed OSA were enrolled in this prospective study. The presumed site of obstruction was determined according to history, otorhinolaryngologic examination, and polysomnography and a therapeutic plan designed before DISE. In 11 patients with severe OSA and/or previously failed continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment, DISE with simultaneous CPAP was performed. Multilevel collapse was noted in 49 patients (96.1%). The most frequent multilevel collapse was palatal, oropharyngeal, and tongue base collapse (n = 17, 33.3%), followed by palatal and oropharyngeal collapse (n = 12, 23.5%). Pathology of the larynx (epiglottis) was observed in 16 patients (31.4%). The laryngeal obstruction as a reason for intolerance of CPAP was observed in 3/11 (27.3%) patients. After DISE, the surgical plan was changed in 31 patients (60.8%). The results indicate that DISE helps identify the site of obstruction in the upper airways in patients with OSA more accurately and that the larynx plays an important role in OSA.
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128
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Traxdorf M, Tschaikowsky K, Scherl C, Bauer J, Iro H, Angerer F. Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea. J Vis Exp 2016:54739. [PMID: 28060257 PMCID: PMC5226361 DOI: 10.3791/54739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to establish a standardized protocol for drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) to differentiate obstruction patterns in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Target-controlled infusion (TCI) of the sedative propofol was combined with real-time monitoring of the depth of sedation using bispectral analysis. In an observational study 57 patients (mean age 44.8 years, ± SD 10.5; mean apnea hypopnea Index (AHI) 30.8/hr, ± SD 21.6, mean BMI 28.2 kg/m2, ± SD 5.3) underwent cardiorespiratory polysomnography followed by DISE with TCI and bispectral analysis. Sleep was induced solely by the intravenous infusion of propofol with a TCI-pump, with an initial target plasma level of 2.0 µg/ml. Under continuous monitoring of the patient's respiration, state of consciousness and value of the bispectral analysis, the target plasma propofol level was raised in steps of 0.2 µg/ml/2 min until the desired depth of sedation was reached. The mean value of the bispectral analysis at the target depth of sedation was determined and the obstruction patterns during DISE-TCI-bispectral analysis then classified according to the VOTE-system. Subsequently the results were analyzed according to polysomnographic and anthropometric data. The occurrence of multilevel obstruction sites across all degrees of severity of OSA clarifies the need for sleep endoscopy prior to upper airway surgery. The advantage of this technique is the reproducibility of the protocol even for heterogeneous groups of patients. In addition, the gradual controlled and standardized increase of the plasma level of propofol with real-time control of the bispectral index leads to a precisely controllable depth of sedation. The DISE-TCI-bispectral analysis procedure is a step towards a required reproducible protocol of sleep endoscopy - capable of standardization. However it is not yet known whether these observed obstruction patterns also correspond to findings in natural sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Traxdorf
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU);
| | - Klaus Tschaikowsky
- Department of Anesthesiology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
| | - Claudia Scherl
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
| | - Judith Bauer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
| | - Heinrich Iro
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
| | - Florian Angerer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
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130
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Meraj TS, Muenz DG, Glazer TA, Harvey RS, Spector ME, Hoff PT. Does drug-induced sleep endoscopy predict surgical success in transoral robotic multilevel surgery in obstructive sleep apnea? Laryngoscope 2016; 127:971-976. [PMID: 27796047 DOI: 10.1002/lary.26255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS The aim of this study was to determine if drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) was predictive of success for patients undergoing transoral robotic surgery (TORS) and multilevel procedures for sleep apnea. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective case series of patients who underwent TORS surgery for sleep apnea METHODS: Before and after polysomnograms were analyzed to assess improvement, success, and cure. Improvement was defined as any decrease in apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), success as an AHI <20 with a decrease >50%, and cure as an AHI <5. DISE videos were scored using the NOHL (nose, oropharynx, hypopharynx, larynx) and VOTE (velum, oropharynx, tongue, epiglottis) classification systems. RESULTS One hundred one patients were available for analysis. Eighty-seven percent of patients had an improvement in their AHI. Fifty-one percent met criteria for success, whereas 17% were cured. The degree of collapse at individual NOHL and VOTE subsites as well as total additive scores did not predict improvement, success, or cure. Patients with no oropharyngeal lateral collapse in the VOTE classification system were more likely to improve following surgery (P = .001); however, this effect did not hold for success or cure. Multivariate analysis of DISE variables was not predictive of success. CONCLUSIONS In obstructive sleep apnea patients, there is a 51% success rate and a 17% cure rate. DISE, as scored by the NOHL and VOTE system, did not readily identify patients who would benefit most from surgery. Patients with lateral oropharyngeal collapse may be poorer candidates. Prospective, larger studies are required to further evaluate the use of DISE in predicting success following TORS. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4 Laryngoscope, 127:971-976, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taha S Meraj
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A
| | - Daniel G Muenz
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A
| | - Tiffany A Glazer
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A
| | - Rebecca S Harvey
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A
| | - Matthew E Spector
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A
| | - Paul T Hoff
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A
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131
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Phenotypes in obstructive sleep apnea: A definition, examples and evolution of approaches. Sleep Med Rev 2016; 35:113-123. [PMID: 27815038 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a complex and heterogeneous disorder and the apnea hypopnea index alone can not capture the diverse spectrum of the condition. Enhanced phenotyping can improve prognostication, patient selection for clinical trials, understanding of mechanisms, and personalized treatments. In OSA, multiple condition characteristics have been termed "phenotypes." To help classify patients into relevant prognostic and therapeutic categories, an OSA phenotype can be operationally defined as: "A category of patients with OSA distinguished from others by a single or combination of disease features, in relation to clinically meaningful attributes (symptoms, response to therapy, health outcomes, quality of life)." We review approaches to clinical phenotyping in OSA, citing examples of increasing analytic complexity. Although clinical feature based OSA phenotypes with significant prognostic and treatment implications have been identified (e.g., excessive daytime sleepiness OSA), many current categorizations lack association with meaningful outcomes. Recent work focused on pathophysiologic risk factors for OSA (e.g., arousal threshold, craniofacial morphology, chemoreflex sensitivity) appears to capture heterogeneity in OSA, but requires clinical validation. Lastly, we discuss the use of machine learning as a promising phenotyping strategy that can integrate multiple types of data (genomic, molecular, cellular, clinical) to identify unique, meaningful OSA phenotypes.
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132
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Benoist LBL, Verhagen M, Torensma B, van Maanen JP, de Vries N. Positional therapy in patients with residual positional obstructive sleep apnea after upper airway surgery. Sleep Breath 2016; 21:279-288. [PMID: 27535072 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-016-1397-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE/BACKGROUND A considerable portion of patients has residual positional obstructive sleep apnea (POSA) after upper airway surgery. Those patients could benefit from additional treatment with positional therapy (PT). The objective of this prospective study was to assess the additional effect of PT in patients with residual POSA after upper airway surgery for sleep apnea. METHODS A polysomnography (PSG) was used to diagnose a patient with residual POSA after surgery. After informed consent, patients were treated with PT for 3 months and underwent a follow-up PSG while using the sleep position trainer (SPT). Changes in apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and sleep position parameters were analyzed. Compliance rates and mean disease alleviation (MDA) were determined. RESULTS Thirty-three patients with a median postoperative AHI of 18.3/h sleep were included. With the SPT median AHI dropped to 12.5/h sleep and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) improved from 10.0 to 7.0. After 3 months, 37.5 % patients were considered responders of whom 31.3 % had treatment success. The compliance rate with SPT was 89.0 %. MDA was 44.7 % for SPT alone. With the combination of both surgery and SPT, MDA was 65.6 %. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate that additional PT in a complex OSA patient population with residual POSA after surgery can increase overall therapeutic effectiveness by improving the median MDA from 39.5 % (effect of surgery alone) to 65.6 % (effect of combining surgery and PT).
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Affiliation(s)
- L B L Benoist
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, OLVG west, Jan Tooropstraat 164, 1061 AE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - M Verhagen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, OLVG west, Jan Tooropstraat 164, 1061 AE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B Torensma
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, OLVG west, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J P van Maanen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, OLVG west, Jan Tooropstraat 164, 1061 AE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - N de Vries
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, OLVG west, Jan Tooropstraat 164, 1061 AE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, OLVG west, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Oral Kinesiology ACTA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
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133
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Dahl JP, Miller C, Purcell PL, Zopf DA, Johnson K, Horn DL, Chen ML, Chan DK, Parikh SR. Airway Obstruction during Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy Correlates with Apnea-Hypopnea Index and Oxygen Nadir in Children. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2016; 155:676-80. [DOI: 10.1177/0194599816653113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective To determine if standardized intraoperative scoring of anatomic obstruction in children with obstructive sleep apnea correlates with the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and lowest oxygen saturation on preprocedural polysomnogram (PSG). A secondary objective was to determine if age, presence of a syndrome, or previous adenotonsillectomy affect this correlation. Study Design Case series with chart review. Setting Two tertiary care children’s hospitals. Subjects Patients with a preprocedural PSG who underwent drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) over a 4-year period. Methods All DISEs were graded in a systematic manner with the Chan-Parikh (C-P) scoring system. AHI and nadir oxygen saturations were extracted from preprocedural PSG. Data were analyzed with a multivariate linear regression model that controlled for age at time of sleep endoscopy, syndrome diagnosis, and previous adenotonsillectomy. Results A total of 127 children underwent PSG prior to DISE: 56 were syndromic, and 21 had a previous adenotonsillectomy. Mean AHI was 13.6 ± 19.6 (± SD), and mean oxygen nadir was 85.4% ± 9.4%. Mean C-P score was 5.9 ± 2.7. DISE score positively correlated with preoperative AHI ( r = 0.36, P < .0001) and negatively correlated with oxygen nadir ( r = −0.26, P = .004). The multivariate linear regression models estimated that for every 1-point increase in C-P score, there is a 2.6-point increase in AHI (95% confidence interval: 1.4-3.8, P < .001) and a 1.1% decrease in the lowest oxygen saturation (95% confidence interval: –1.7 to −0.6, P < .001). Conclusion The C-P scoring system for pediatric DISE correlates with both AHI and lowest oxygen saturation on preprocedural PSG.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P. Dahl
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Craig Miller
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Patricia L. Purcell
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - David A. Zopf
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- C.S. Mott Children’s Hospital, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kaalan Johnson
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - David L. Horn
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Maida L. Chen
- Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Dylan K. Chan
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of California–San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Benioff Children’s Hospital, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sanjay R. Parikh
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Rangabashyam M, Huang W, Hao Y, Han HJ, Loh S, Toh ST. State of the art transoral robotic surgery for obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. ROBOTIC SURGERY : RESEARCH AND REVIEWS 2016; 3:13-28. [PMID: 30697552 PMCID: PMC6193426 DOI: 10.2147/rsrr.s95607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective To review the existing literature on the role of transoral robotic surgery (TORS) for tongue base reduction in the management of adult obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, and Scopus databases from the first literature report of this surgical technique to July 30, 2015 for studies investigating the use of TORS for tongue base reduction in treating adult OSAHS. Our primary outcome measures were Apnea– Hypopnea Index (AHI), lowest oxygen saturation (LSAT), Epworth Sleepiness Score (ESS), and the rates of surgical cure (AHI<5) and success (50% reduction in AHI accompanied by a postoperative AHI<20). Our secondary outcome measures were the volume of tissue resected and correlation to AHI, polysomnographic parameters, subjective outcomes, and body mass index. Complications of surgery were also analyzed. Results Thirteen articles were critically evaluated for this research. However, only four case series qualified for statistical analysis of postoperative polysomnographic outcomes and six case series for analysis of postoperative complications. They were case series with a total of 451 adult patients. Pooled analysis revealed statistically significant improvements in AHI, LSAT, and ESS after surgery by 26.83/hour, 5.28% and −8.03, respectively. The average rates of surgical cure and success were 23.8% and 66.7%, respectively. No study reported any deaths or complications related to the use of robotic equipment. The major complication rate was 6.9%, and the minor complication rate was 30.0%. Major complications included major bleeding (2.9%), severe odynophagia with dehydration (3.3%), and oropharyngeal stenosis (0.7%). Minor complications included transient bleeding (0.5%), transient dysphagia (3.8%), and dysgeusia (6.6%). Conclusion TORS for tongue base reduction, as a component of multilevel surgery, is an effective treatment option for OSAHS with an acceptable morbidity. This conclusion is based on the analysis of the results of multiple case series. Future studies should entail prospective randomized controlled trials with larger sample size for longer follow-up period.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wenjie Huang
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore,
| | - Ying Hao
- Health Services Research and Biostatistics Unit, Singapore General Hospital
| | - Hong Juan Han
- Sleep Apnea Surgery Service, Department of Otolaryngology, Singapore General Hospital, .,Sleep Disorders Unit, Singapore General Hospital, .,Duke-NUS Graduate School of Medicine, Singapore,
| | - Shaun Loh
- Sleep Apnea Surgery Service, Department of Otolaryngology, Singapore General Hospital,
| | - Song Tar Toh
- Sleep Apnea Surgery Service, Department of Otolaryngology, Singapore General Hospital, .,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, .,Sleep Disorders Unit, Singapore General Hospital, .,Duke-NUS Graduate School of Medicine, Singapore,
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da Cunha Viana A, Mendes DL, de Andrade Lemes LN, Thuler LCS, Neves DD, de Araújo-Melo MH. Drug-induced sleep endoscopy in the obstructive sleep apnea: comparison between NOHL and VOTE classifications. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2016; 274:627-635. [PMID: 27164944 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-016-4081-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by recurrent episodes of partial or complete collapse of the pharynx that result in a decrease in oxyhemoglobin saturation. Nasofibrolaryngoscopy under induced sleep is a promising alternative for identifying sites of upper airway obstruction in patients with OSA. This study aimed to compare the obstruction sites screened by drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) using the Nose oropharynx hypopharynx and larynx (NOHL) and Velum oropharynx tongue base epiglottis (VOTE) classifications. We also determined the relationship between OSA severity and the number of obstruction sites and compared the minimum SaO2 levels between DISE and polysomnography (PSG). This was a prospective study in 45 patients with moderate and severe OSA using DISE with target-controlled infusion of propofol bispectral index (BIS) monitoring. The retropalatal region was the most frequent obstruction site, followed by the retrolingual region. Forty-two percent of patients had obstruction in the epiglottis. Concentrically shaped obstructions were more prevalent in both ratings. The relationship between OSA severity and number of obstruction sites was significant for the VOTE classification. Similar minimum SaO2 values were observed in DISE and PSG. The VOTE classification was more comprehensive in the analysis of the epiglottis and pharynx by DISE and the relationship between OSA severity and number of affected sites was also established by VOTE. The use of BIS associated with DISE is a reliable tool for the assessment of OSA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alonço da Cunha Viana
- Graduate Program of Neurology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. .,Otorhinolaryngology Department, Marcílio Dias Naval Hospital, Cezar Zania,138, Lins de Vasconcelos, Rio de Janeiro, 20725-090, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Daniella Leitão Mendes
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, Marcílio Dias Naval Hospital, Cezar Zania,138, Lins de Vasconcelos, Rio de Janeiro, 20725-090, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Claudio Santos Thuler
- Graduate Program of Neurology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Clinical Research Coordination at the National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Denise Duprat Neves
- Graduate Program of Neurology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Cardiopulmonary Department, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria Helena de Araújo-Melo
- Graduate Program of Neurology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Otorhinolaryngology Department, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Drug-induced sleep endoscopy in children with Prader-Willi syndrome. Sleep Breath 2016; 20:1029-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s11325-016-1338-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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137
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Ong AA, Murphey AW, Nguyen SA, Soose RJ, Woodson BT, Vanderveken OM, de Vries N, Gillespie MB. Efficacy of Upper Airway Stimulation on Collapse Patterns Observed during Drug-Induced Sedation Endoscopy. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2016; 154:970-7. [PMID: 26980916 DOI: 10.1177/0194599816636835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe upper airway collapse patterns observed on drug-induced sedation endoscopy (DISE) during screening for a clinical trial and to evaluate the impact of collapse patterns found on preoperative DISE on response rates to upper airway stimulation (UAS) therapy. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective review of an ongoing prospective multi-institutional cohort study. SETTING Twenty-two participating institutions of the STAR trial. SUBJECTS AND METHOD In total, 222 subjects were screened with DISE to determine eligibility for an implantable UAS device. Supine laryngoscopy was performed during moderate sedation (propofol and/or midazolam). Airway collapse pattern and severity were graded at 4 levels, including velum, oropharynx, tongue base, and epiglottis (VOTE classification). Patients with complete concentric collapse (CCC) at the velum were excluded from implantation. RESULTS The CCC at the velum was observed in 52 (23%) of screened subjects, and these subjects were subsequently excluded from implantation. Of the 170 subjects without CCC at the velum, 126 (77%) underwent implantation: 121 (96%) had multilevel collapse and 5 (4%) had single-level collapse. When comparing preimplantation DISE findings, UAS responders at 12 months had lower baseline VOTE scores compared with therapy nonresponders. CONCLUSION Drug-induced sedation endoscopy is an efficient and safe method for determining UAS eligibility and has the potential to identify UAS nonresponders. Most patients had multilevel airway collapse, illustrating the limitations of single-level upper airway surgery in treating obstructive sleep apnea. Upper airway stimulation is effective therapy for most patients with multilevel airway collapse; however, patients with complete anterior-posterior or lateral soft palate and/or epiglottic collapse may be at increased risk of therapy failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian A Ong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Alexander W Murphey
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Shaun A Nguyen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Ryan J Soose
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - B Tucker Woodson
- Department of Otolaryngology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Olivier M Vanderveken
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Nico de Vries
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Saint Lucas Andreas Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Boyd Gillespie
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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Abstract
Novel approaches to upper airway anatomic phenotyping, more reconstructive upper airway surgical techniques, and new implantable hypoglossal neurostimulation technology have very favorable potential to improve symptoms and quality-of-life measures, to reduce obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) disease severity and associated cardiovascular risk, and to serve as an adjunct to continuous positive airway pressure, oral appliances, and other forms of OSA medical therapy. Successful surgical therapy depends critically on accurate diagnosis, skillful knowledge and examination of the upper airway anatomy, proper procedure selection, and proficient technical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Soose
- UPMC Division of Sleep Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, UPMC Mercy Building B, Suite 11500, 1400 Locust Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
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139
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The Role of Soft-Tissue Surgery of the Tongue in Obstructive Sleep Apnea. CURRENT OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY REPORTS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40136-016-0109-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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140
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Nasal Expiratory Positive Airway Pressure Devices (Provent) for OSA: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. SLEEP DISORDERS 2015; 2015:734798. [PMID: 26798519 PMCID: PMC4699057 DOI: 10.1155/2015/734798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective. To quantify the effectiveness of nasal expiratory positive airway pressure (nasal EPAP) devices or Provent as treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods. PubMed and six other databases were searched through November 15, 2015, without language limitations. Results. Eighteen studies (920 patients) were included. Pre- and post-nasal EPAP means ± standard deviations (M ± SD) for apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) in 345 patients decreased from 27.32 ± 22.24 to 12.78 ± 16.89 events/hr (relative reduction = 53.2%). Random effects modeling mean difference (MD) was −14.78 events/hr [95% CI −19.12, −10.45], p value < 0.00001. Oxygen desaturation index (ODI) in 247 patients decreased from 21.2 ± 19.3 to 12.4 ± 14.1 events/hr (relative reduction = 41.5%, p value < 0.00001). Lowest oxygen saturation (LSAT) M ± SD improved in 146 patients from 83.2 ± 6.8% to 86.2 ± 11.1%, MD 3 oxygen saturation points [95% CI 0.57, 5.63]. Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) M ± SD improved (359 patients) from 9.9 ± 5.3 to 7.4 ± 5.0, MD −2.5 [95% CI −3.2, −1.8], p value < 0.0001. Conclusion. Nasal EPAP (Provent) reduced AHI by 53.2%, ODI by 41.5% and improved LSAT by 3 oxygen saturation points. Generally, there were no clear characteristics (demographic factors, medical history, and/or physical exam finding) that predicted favorable response to these devices. However, limited evidence suggests that high nasal resistance could be associated with treatment failure. Additional studies are needed to identify demographic and polysomnographic characteristics that would predict therapeutic success with nasal EPAP (Provent).
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Yoon BW, Hong JM, Hong SL, Koo SK, Roh HJ, Cho KS. A comparison of dexmedetomidine versus propofol during drug-induced sleep endoscopy in sleep apnea patients. Laryngoscope 2015; 126:763-7. [PMID: 26649458 DOI: 10.1002/lary.25801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS In this study, we compared the effects of propofol and dexmedetomidine on the upper airway collapse pattern and cardiopulmonary parameters of patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) undergoing drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE). STUDY DESIGN Prospective, single center, observational study MATERIALS AND METHODS The 50 patients with OSA underwent 30 minutes of DISE on 2 different days, the first time with propofol target-controlled infusion (TCI) and the second time with dexmedetomidine TCI. Both the characteristics of upper airway obstruction and cardiopulmonary parameters in response to the depth of sedation achieved with each drug were evaluated. RESULTS The results obtained with propofol and dexmedetomidine DISE were in excellent agreement for all sites of obstruction irrespective of the depth of sedation. Although partial or total obstruction at all areas was consistently observed using both drugs, the degree of upper airway narrowing was slightly lower with dexmedetomidine than with propofol. However, the percentage of patients with a greater than 20% change in blood pressure and heart rate compared to baseline was significantly higher in response to propofol than to dexmedetomidine (P = 0.003 and P < 0.001, respectively). Minimal oxygen saturation was significantly lower in DISE with propofol than with dexmedetomidine (P = 0.004). The percentage of patients with oxygen saturation less than 90% or 80% during DISE was significantly higher in response to propofol than to dexmedetomidine (P = 0.032 and P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION The DISE findings achieved with propofol and dexmedetomidine were in excellent agreement. However, during DISE, dexmedetomidine provided greater hemodynamic stability and less respiratory depression than propofol. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4. Laryngoscope, 126:763-767, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Woo Yoon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Min Hong
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Lyong Hong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Kweon Koo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Busan St. Mary's Medical Center, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan-Jung Roh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Sup Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Certal VF, Pratas R, Guimarães L, Lugo R, Tsou Y, Camacho M, Capasso R. Awake examination versus DISE for surgical decision making in patients with OSA: A systematic review. Laryngoscope 2015; 126:768-74. [PMID: 26484801 DOI: 10.1002/lary.25722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Traditionally, upper airway examination is performed while the patient is awake. However, in the past two decades, drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) has been used as a method of tridimensional evaluation of the upper airway during pharmacologically induced sleep. This study aimed to systematically review the evidence regarding the usefulness of DISE compared with that of traditional awake examination for surgical decision making in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). DATA SOURCES Scopus, PubMed, and Cochrane Library databases were searched. REVIEW METHODS Only studies with a primary objective of evaluating the usefulness of DISE for surgical decision making in patients with OSA were selected. The included studies directly compared awake examination data with DISE outcome data in terms of possible influences on surgical decision making and operation success. RESULTS A total of eight studies with 535 patients were included in this review. Overall, the surgical treatment changed after DISE in 50.24% (standard deviation 8.4) cases. These changes were more frequently associated with structures contributing to hypopharyngeal or laryngeal obstruction. However, these differences do not automatically indicate a higher success rate. CONCLUSION This review emphasized the direct impact of DISE compared with that of awake examination on surgical decision making in OSA patients. However, it is also clear that the available published studies lack evidence on the association between this impact and surgical outcomes. Laryngoscope, 126:768-774, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor F Certal
- CINTESIS (Center for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Sleep Medicine Center, Hospital CUF and Hospital Sao Sebastiao, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Pratas
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Sleep Medicine Center, Hospital CUF and Hospital Sao Sebastiao, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lidia Guimarães
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Sleep Medicine Center, Hospital CUF and Hospital Sao Sebastiao, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rodolfo Lugo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Grupo Medico San Pedro, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Yungan Tsou
- Department of Otolaryngology, Division of Sleep Surgery and Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Macario Camacho
- Department of Otolaryngology, Division of Sleep Surgery and Medicine, Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Robson Capasso
- Sleep Surgery Division, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, U.S.A
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Effectiveness of oral pressure therapy in obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic analysis. Sleep Breath 2015; 20:663-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s11325-015-1270-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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145
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Patient selection for upper airway stimulation: is concentric collapse in sleep endoscopy predictable? Sleep Breath 2015; 19:1373-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s11325-015-1277-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Drug-induced sedation endoscopy versus clinical exploration for the diagnosis of severe upper airway obstruction in OSAHS patients. Sleep Breath 2015; 19:1367-72. [PMID: 26449550 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-015-1266-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying the sites of obstruction of the upper airway in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is paramount for surgical planning. The aim of this study is to compare wake physical exam findings to the ones obtained during drug-induced sedation endoscopy (DISE) in the diagnosis of severe collapse of the upper airway in OSAHS patients. METHODS A retrospective chart review of OSAHS patients who underwent DISE at our institution during the 2006-2010 period was conducted. All the patients had previously undergone a physical examination that included modified Mallampati index (MMI), the Müller maneuver (MM), and the Friedman staging system. Level and severity of airway collapse were evaluated. A severe collapse was attributed to obstructions equal or greater than 75 % of the airway. RESULTS A total of 138 patients were included in the study. The incidence of severe airway collapse was compared between DISE and MM; at retropalatal level, no significant difference was found. At retrolingual level, 69 % of patients had severe collapse with DISE in comparison to a 28 % with the MM (p < 0.05). No relationship was found either with the MMI or with the Friedman staging system when compared to the incidence of severe retrolingual collapse diagnosed by DISE. Concordance was low between awake and DISE exploration in both retropalatal and retroglossal level. CONCLUSION The Müller maneuver underestimates tongue base severe obstruction diagnosis when compared to that obtained after DISE in OSAHS patients. The wake patient exploration does not accurately correlate to DISE exploration.
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147
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Chen HC, Lee LA, Hsin LJ, Lin WN, Fang TJ, Huang CG, Li HY. Transverse Retropalatal Collapsibility Is Associated with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Severity and Outcome of Relocation Pharyngoplasty. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2015; 153:1056-63. [PMID: 26243027 DOI: 10.1177/0194599815599527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate whether the retropalatal airway shape and collapsibility defined by awake nasopharyngoscopy with Müller's maneuver were associated with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), positional dependency, and surgical outcome of relocation pharyngoplasty in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. STUDY DESIGN Case series with planned data collection. SETTING Tertiary referral center. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 45 obstructive sleep apnea patients were included who underwent conservative treatment (n = 13) or relocation pharyngoplasty (n = 32), and their baseline and postoperative polysomnographies and awake nasopharyngoscopies with Müller's maneuver were reviewed. Shape ratio (transverse diameter [TD] / longitudinal diameter [LD]) in the stationary and Müller's phases and collapsibility (ColTD and ColLD) of the airway at the level of the uvular base were measured with a picture archiving and communication system. Intra- and interrater reliabilities were assessed. Associations among nasopharyngoscopic measurements, AHI, positional dependency, and surgical success (defined as a reduction of AHI ≥50% and a postoperative AHI ≤20/h) were statistically analyzed. RESULTS Reliability tests indicated substantial agreements of all nasopharyngoscopic measurements between raters and within raters. A higher baseline ColTD was significantly associated with an elevated AHI (r = 0.49, P = .001), whereas a lower postoperative ColTD was significantly related to surgical success (r = -0.38, P = .034). Nasopharyngoscopic findings were not statistically significantly correlated with positional dependency. CONCLUSION Transverse retropalatal collapsibility measured by awake nasopharyngoscopy with Müller's maneuver helps to predict individuals with moderate to severe sleep apnea and surgical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Chin Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sleep Center, Linkou-Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ang Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sleep Center, Linkou-Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan Department of Otolaryngology, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Fujian Province, China
| | - Li-Jen Hsin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sleep Center, Linkou-Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ni Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sleep Center, Linkou-Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tuan-Jen Fang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sleep Center, Linkou-Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan Department of Otolaryngology, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Fujian Province, China
| | - Chung-Guei Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Yu Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sleep Center, Linkou-Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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148
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Dedhia RC, Weaver EM. Association between Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy and Measures of Sleep Apnea Burden. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2015. [PMID: 26216885 DOI: 10.1177/0194599815595808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the following associations: (1) complete obstruction on drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) and polysomnographic and subjective measures of obstructive sleep apnea; (2) tongue base/epiglottic obstruction and apnea index. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort. SETTING Academic medical center. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Subjects included surgically naïve adult patients with DISE. Chart extraction included demographics, polysomnography, and Epworth Sleepiness Scale and SNORE25 (Symptoms of Nocturnal Obstruction and Related Events 25) scores. Each DISE video was examined for complete obstruction at velum, oropharynx, tongue, epiglottis (VOTE system). Student's t test, correlation, and multivariate linear regression were performed. RESULTS Among 65 subjects, complete obstruction was observed at 0 (3%), 1 (46%), 2 (48%), and 3 (3%) subsites, respectively. Subjects with 0-1 subsites vs 2-4 subsites of complete obstruction had similar apnea indexes (13 ± 24 vs 12 ± 17, P = .78, 83% power to detect difference of 15), apnea-hypopnea indexes (30 ± 25 vs 31 ± 28, P = .96, 54% power to detect difference of 15), Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores (11 ± 7 vs 12 ± 5, P = .34, 91% power to detect difference of 5), and SNORE25 scores (2.0 ± 1.1 vs 1.9 ± 1.0, P = .70, 96% power to detect difference of 1.0), with similar results after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, and tonsil status. Neither tongue base nor epiglottic obstruction was associated with apnea index. CONCLUSION The number of subsites with complete obstruction on DISE was not associated with polysomnographic, subjective sleepiness, and quality-of-life measures. Tongue base and epiglottic obstruction were not associated with apnea index. Larger detailed analyses are needed to determine the importance of each site and degree of obstruction seen on DISE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj C Dedhia
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Edward M Weaver
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA Surgery Service, Seattle Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
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149
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Organization and logistics of drug-induced sleep endoscopy in a training hospital. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 272:2557-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00405-015-3665-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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150
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Kim R, Dedhia RC, Kapur VK. Does surgery for obstructive sleep apnea provide value? J Clin Sleep Med 2015; 11:509-10. [PMID: 25845893 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.4688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Kim
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, University of Washington, Seattle WA
| | - Raj C Dedhia
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, University of Washington, Seattle WA.,Otolaryngology Department, University of Washington, Seattle WA
| | - Vishesh K Kapur
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, University of Washington, Seattle WA
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