101
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Noohi F, Kinnaird C, DeDios Y, Kofman IS, Wood S, Bloomberg J, Mulavara A, Seidler R. Functional Brain Activation in Response to a Clinical Vestibular Test Correlates with Balance. Front Syst Neurosci 2017; 11:11. [PMID: 28344549 PMCID: PMC5344901 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2017.00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study characterizes brain fMRI activation in response to two modes of vestibular stimulation: Skull tap and auditory tone burst. The auditory tone burst has been used in previous studies to elicit either a vestibulo-spinal reflex [saccular-mediated colic Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials (cVEMP)], or an ocular muscle response [utricle-mediated ocular VEMP (oVEMP)]. Research suggests that the skull tap elicits both saccular and utricle-mediated VEMPs, while being faster and less irritating for subjects than the high decibel tones required to elicit VEMPs. However, it is not clear whether the skull tap and auditory tone burst elicit the same pattern of brain activity. Previous imaging studies have documented activity in the anterior and posterior insula, superior temporal gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, inferior frontal gyrus, and the anterior cingulate cortex in response to different modes of vestibular stimulation. Here we hypothesized that pneumatically powered skull taps would elicit a similar pattern of brain activity as shown in previous studies. Our results provide the first evidence of using pneumatically powered skull taps to elicit vestibular activity inside the MRI scanner. A conjunction analysis revealed that skull taps elicit overlapping activation with auditory tone bursts in the canonical vestibular cortical regions. Further, our postural control assessments revealed that greater amplitude of brain activation in response to vestibular stimulation was associated with better balance control for both techniques. Additionally, we found that skull taps elicit more robust vestibular activity compared to auditory tone bursts, with less reported aversive effects, highlighting the utility of this approach for future clinical and basic science research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Noohi
- School of Kinesiology, University of MichiganAnn Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of MichiganAnn Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Catherine Kinnaird
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of MichiganAnn Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Scott Wood
- NASA Johnson Space CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Rachael Seidler
- School of Kinesiology, University of MichiganAnn Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of MichiganAnn Arbor, MI, USA
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102
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Ellis AW, Mast FW. Toward a Dynamic Probabilistic Model for Vestibular Cognition. Front Psychol 2017; 8:138. [PMID: 28203219 PMCID: PMC5285352 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We suggest that research in vestibular cognition will benefit from the theoretical framework of probabilistic models. This will aid in developing an understanding of how interactions between high-level cognition and low-level sensory processing might occur. Many such interactions have been shown experimentally; however, to date, no attempt has been made to systematically explore vestibular cognition by using computational modeling. It is widely assumed that mental imagery and perception share at least in part neural circuitry, and it has been proposed that mental simulation is closely connected to the brain’s ability to make predictions. We claim that this connection has been disregarded in the vestibular domain, and we suggest ways in which future research may take this into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W Ellis
- Department of Psychology, University of Bern Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fred W Mast
- Department of Psychology, University of Bern Bern, Switzerland
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103
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Cognitive deficits in patients with a chronic vestibular failure. J Neurol 2017; 264:554-563. [DOI: 10.1007/s00415-016-8386-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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104
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Smith AT, Greenlee MW, DeAngelis GC, Angelaki D. Distributed Visual–Vestibular Processing in the Cerebral Cortex of Man and Macaque. Multisens Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1163/22134808-00002568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in understanding the neurobiological underpinnings of visual–vestibular interactions underlying self-motion perception are reviewed with an emphasis on comparisons between the macaque and human brains. In both species, several distinct cortical regions have been identified that are active during both visual and vestibular stimulation and in some of these there is clear evidence for sensory integration. Several possible cross-species homologies between cortical regions are identified. A key feature of cortical organization is that the same information is apparently represented in multiple, anatomically diverse cortical regions, suggesting that information about self-motion is used for different purposes in different brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T. Smith
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Mark W. Greenlee
- Institute of Experimental Psychology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gregory C. DeAngelis
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - Dora E. Angelaki
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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105
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Van Ombergen A, Heine L, Jillings S, Roberts RE, Jeurissen B, Van Rompaey V, Mucci V, Vanhecke S, Sijbers J, Vanhevel F, Sunaert S, Bahri MA, Parizel PM, Van de Heyning PH, Laureys S, Wuyts FL. Altered functional brain connectivity in patients with visually induced dizziness. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2017; 14:538-545. [PMID: 28331800 PMCID: PMC5345975 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Vestibular patients occasionally report aggravation or triggering of their symptoms by visual stimuli, which is called visually induced dizziness (VID). These patients therefore experience dizziness, discomfort, disorientation and postural unsteadiness. The underlying pathophysiology of VID is still poorly understood. Objective The aim of the current explorative study was to gain a first insight in the underlying neural aspects of VID. Methods We included 10 VID patients and 10 healthy matched controls, all of which underwent a resting state fMRI scan session. Changes in functional connectivity were explored by means of the intrinsic connectivity contrast (ICC). Seed-based analysis was subsequently performed in visual and vestibular seeds. Results We found a decreased functional connectivity in the right central operculum (superior temporal gyrus), as well as increased functional connectivity in the occipital pole in VID patients as compared to controls in a hypothesis-free analysis. A weaker functional connectivity between the thalamus and most of the right putamen was measured in VID patients in comparison to controls in a seed-based analysis. Furthermore, also by means of a seed-based analysis, a decreased functional connectivity between the visual associative area and the left parahippocampal gyrus was found in VID patients. Additionally, we found increased functional connectivity between thalamus and occipital and cerebellar areas in the VID patients, as well as between the associative visual cortex and both middle frontal gyrus and precuneus. Conclusions We found alterations in the visual and vestibular cortical network in VID patients that could underlie the typical VID symptoms such as a worsening of their vestibular symptoms when being exposed to challenging visual stimuli. These preliminary findings provide the first insights into the underlying functional brain connectivity in VID patients. Future studies should extend these findings by employing larger sample sizes, by investigating specific task-based paradigms in these patients and by exploring the implications for treatment. Visually-induced patients present decreased functional connectivity of vestibular-related brain regions. Visually-induced dizziness patients present increased functional connectivity of visual and cerebellar brain regions. These findings might underlie typically seen symptoms in visually-induced dizziness, i.e. an overreliance on visual cues. This is the first exploratory study investigating the underlying neural aspects of visually-induced dizziness. These preliminary findings should be extended by larger sample sizes and by supplementing rsfMRI with task-based paradigms.
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106
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Becker-Bense S, Buchholz HG, Baier B, Schreckenberger M, Bartenstein P, Zwergal A, Brandt T, Dieterich M. Functional Plasticity after Unilateral Vestibular Midbrain Infarction in Human Positron Emission Tomography. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165935. [PMID: 27824897 PMCID: PMC5100888 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to uncover mechanisms of central compensation of vestibular function at brainstem, cerebellar, and cortical levels in patients with acute unilateral midbrain infarctions presenting with an acute vestibular tone imbalance. Eight out of 17 patients with unilateral midbrain infarctions were selected on the basis of signs of a vestibular tone imbalance, e.g., graviceptive (tilts of perceived verticality) and oculomotor dysfunction (skew deviation, ocular torsion) in F18-fluordeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET at two time points: A) in the acute stage, and B) after recovery 6 months later. Lesion-behavior mapping analyses with MRI verified the exact structural lesion sites. Group subtraction analyses and comparisons with healthy controls were performed with Statistic Parametric Mapping for the PET data. A comparison of PET A of acute-stage patients with that of healthy controls showed increases in glucose metabolism in the cerebellum, motion-sensitive visual cortex areas, and inferior temporal lobe, but none in vestibular cortex areas. At the supratentorial level bilateral signal decreases dominated in the thalamus, frontal eye fields, and anterior cingulum. These decreases persisted after clinical recovery in contrast to the increases. The transient activations can be attributed to ocular motor and postural recovery (cerebellum) and sensory substitution of vestibular function for motion perception (visual cortex). The persisting deactivation in the thalamic nuclei and frontal eye fields allows alternative functional interpretations of the thalamic nuclei: either a disconnection of ascending sensory input occurs or there is a functional mismatch between expected and actual vestibular activity. Our data support the view that both thalami operate separately for each hemisphere but receive vestibular input from ipsilateral and contralateral midbrain integration centers. Normally they have gatekeeper functions for multisensory input to the cortex and automatic motor output to subserve balance and locomotion, as well as sensorimotor integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Becker-Bense
- Department of Neurology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders-IFB, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Buchholz
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bernhard Baier
- Department of Neurology, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Peter Bartenstein
- German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders-IFB, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Zwergal
- Department of Neurology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders-IFB, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Brandt
- German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders-IFB, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Neuroscience, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marianne Dieterich
- Department of Neurology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders-IFB, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (SyNergy), University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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107
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Wright WG, McDevitt J, Tierney R, Haran FJ, Appiah-Kubi KO, Dumont A. Assessing subacute mild traumatic brain injury with a portable virtual reality balance device. Disabil Rehabil 2016; 39:1564-1572. [PMID: 27718642 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2016.1226432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Balance impairment is a common sensorimotor symptom in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). We designed an affordable, portable virtual reality (VR)-based balance screening device (Virtual Environment TBI Screen [VETS]), which will be validated relative to the Neurocom Sensory Organization Test (SOT) to determine if it can replace commonly used postural assessments. METHODS This preliminary study examines healthy adults (n = 56) and adults with mTBI (n = 11). Participants performed six upright postural tasks on the VETS and the SOT. Analysis of variance was used to determine between-group differences. Pearson's correlations were used to establish construct validity. Known-groups approach was used to establish classification accuracy. RESULTS The mTBI cohort performed significantly worse than the healthy cohort on the new device (p = 0.001). The new device has 91.0% accuracy and an ROC curve with a significant area-under-the-curve (AUC = 0.865, p < 0.001). Conditions with dynamic visual stimulation were the most sensitive to health status. The SOT had an 84.8% accuracy and AUC =0.703 (p = 0.034). CONCLUSIONS The new VR-based device is a valid measure for detecting balance impairment following mTBI and can potentially replace more expensive and cumbersome equipment. Assessments that test visual-vestibular processing, such as VETS, increase sensitivity to mTBI-related balance deficits, which can be used to guide rehabilitation. Implications for rehabilitation Emerging technology using virtual reality can be economically integrated into the clinical setting for easy testing of postural control in neurologically impaired populations. Tailoring postural assessments to include tasks that rely on visual and vestibular integration will increase the accuracy of detecting balance impairment following mild traumatic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Geoffrey Wright
- a Department of Physical Therapy , Temple University , Philadelphia , PA , USA.,e Department of Bioengineering , Temple University , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Jane McDevitt
- b Department of Athletic Training , East Stroudsburg University , East Stroudsburg , PA , USA.,c Department of Kinesiology , Temple University , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Ryan Tierney
- c Department of Kinesiology , Temple University , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - F Jay Haran
- d Department of Kinesiology , University of North Carolina-Greensboro , Greensboro , NC , USA
| | | | - Alex Dumont
- e Department of Bioengineering , Temple University , Philadelphia , PA , USA
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108
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Subjective body vertical: a promising diagnostic tool in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus? J Neurol 2016; 263:1819-27. [DOI: 10.1007/s00415-016-8186-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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109
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The Neural Correlates of Chronic Symptoms of Vertigo Proneness in Humans. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152309. [PMID: 27089185 PMCID: PMC4835222 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Vestibular signals are of significant importance for variable functions including gaze stabilization, spatial perception, navigation, cognition, and bodily self-consciousness. The vestibular network governs functions that might be impaired in patients affected with vestibular dysfunction. It is currently unclear how different brain regions/networks process vestibular information and integrate the information into a unified spatial percept related to somatosensory awareness and whether people with recurrent balance complaints have a neural signature as a trait affecting their development of chronic symptoms of vertigo. Pivotal evidence points to a vestibular-related brain network in humans that is widely distributed in nature. By using resting state source localized electroencephalography in non-vertiginous state, electrophysiological changes in activity and functional connectivity of 23 patients with balance complaints where chronic symptoms of vertigo and dizziness are among the most common reported complaints are analyzed and compared to healthy subjects. The analyses showed increased alpha2 activity within the posterior cingulate cortex and the precuneues/cuneus and reduced beta3 and gamma activity within the pregenual and subgenual anterior cingulate cortex for the subjects with balance complaints. These electrophysiological variations were correlated with reported chronic symptoms of vertigo intensity. A region of interest analysis found reduced functional connectivity for gamma activity within the vestibular cortex, precuneus, frontal eye field, intra-parietal sulcus, orbitofrontal cortex, and the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex. In addition, there was a positive correlation between chronic symptoms of vertigo intensity and increased alpha-gamma nesting in the left frontal eye field. When compared to healthy subjects, there is evidence of electrophysiological changes in the brain of patients with balance complaints even outside chronic symptoms of vertigo episodes. This suggests that these patients have a neural signature or trait that makes them prone to developing chronic balance problems.
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110
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Straka H, Zwergal A, Cullen KE. Vestibular animal models: contributions to understanding physiology and disease. J Neurol 2016; 263 Suppl 1:S10-23. [PMID: 27083880 PMCID: PMC4833800 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-015-7909-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Our knowledge of the vestibular sensory system, its functional significance for gaze and posture stabilization, and its capability to ensure accurate spatial orientation perception and spatial navigation has greatly benefitted from experimental approaches using a variety of vertebrate species. This review summarizes the attempts to establish the roles of semicircular canal and otolith endorgans in these functions followed by an overview of the most relevant fields of vestibular research including major findings that have advanced our understanding of how this system exerts its influence on reflexive and cognitive challenges encountered during daily life. In particular, we highlight the contributions of different animal models and the advantage of using a comparative research approach. Cross-species comparisons have established that the morpho-physiological properties underlying vestibular signal processing are evolutionarily inherent, thereby disclosing general principles. Based on the documented success of this approach, we suggest that future research employing a balanced spectrum of standard animal models such as fish/frog, mouse and primate will optimize our progress in understanding vestibular processing in health and disease. Moreover, we propose that this should be further supplemented by research employing more “exotic” species that offer unique experimental access and/or have specific vestibular adaptations due to unusual locomotor capabilities or lifestyles. Taken together this strategy will expedite our understanding of the basic principles underlying vestibular computations to reveal relevant translational aspects. Accordingly, studies employing animal models are indispensible and even mandatory for the development of new treatments, medication and technical aids (implants) for patients with vestibular pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Straka
- Department Biology II, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Grosshaderner Str. 2, 82152, Planegg, Germany. .,German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, DSGZ, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Andreas Zwergal
- German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, DSGZ, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kathleen E Cullen
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0G4, Canada
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111
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Lacour M, Helmchen C, Vidal PP. Vestibular compensation: the neuro-otologist's best friend. J Neurol 2016; 263 Suppl 1:S54-64. [PMID: 27083885 PMCID: PMC4833803 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-015-7903-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Why vestibular compensation (VC) after an acute unilateral vestibular loss is the neuro-otologist’s best friend is the question at the heart of this paper. The different plasticity mechanisms underlying VC are first reviewed, and the authors present thereafter the dual concept of vestibulo-centric versus distributed learning processes to explain the compensation of deficits resulting from the static versus dynamic vestibular imbalance. The main challenges for the plastic events occurring in the vestibular nuclei (VN) during a post-lesion critical period are neural protection, structural reorganization and rebalance of VN activity on both sides. Data from animal models show that modulation of the ipsilesional VN activity by the contralateral drive substitutes for the normal push–pull mechanism. On the other hand, sensory and behavioural substitutions are the main mechanisms implicated in the recovery of the dynamic functions. These newly elaborated sensorimotor reorganizations are vicarious idiosyncratic strategies implicating the VN and multisensory brain regions. Imaging studies in unilateral vestibular loss patients show the implication of a large neuronal network (VN, commissural pathways, vestibulo-cerebellum, thalamus, temporoparietal cortex, hippocampus, somatosensory and visual cortical areas). Changes in gray matter volume in these multisensory brain regions are structural changes supporting the sensory substitution mechanisms of VC. Finally, the authors summarize the two ways to improve VC in humans (neuropharmacology and vestibular rehabilitation therapy), and they conclude that VC would follow a “top-down” strategy in patients with acute vestibular lesions. Future challenges to understand VC are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Lacour
- Université Aix-Marseille/CNRS, UMR 7260, Fédération de Recherche 3C, Centre de St Charles, 3 Place Victor Hugo, 13331, Marseille Cedex 03, France. .,, 21 Impasse des Vertus, 13710, Fuveau, France.
| | - Christoph Helmchen
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Schleswig-Holstein, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Pierre-Paul Vidal
- Université Paris Descartes/CNRS, UMR-MD-SSA, COGNAC-G (COGNition and Action Group), 45 Rue des Saints Pères, 75270, Paris Cedex 06, France
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112
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Göttlich M, Jandl NM, Sprenger A, Wojak JF, Münte TF, Krämer UM, Helmchen C. Hippocampal gray matter volume in bilateral vestibular failure. Hum Brain Mapp 2016; 37:1998-2006. [PMID: 26918638 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bilateral vestibular failure (BVF) is a severe chronic disorder of the labyrinth or the eighth cranial nerve characterized by unsteadiness of gait and disabling oscillopsia during head movements. According to animal data, vestibular input to the hippocampus is proposed to contribute to spatial memory and spatial navigation. Except for one seminal study showing the association of impaired spatial navigation and hippocampal atrophy, patient data in BVF are lacking. Therefore, we performed a voxel-wise comparison of the hippocampal gray matter volume (GMV) in a clinically representative sample of 27 patients with incomplete BVF and 29 age- and gender-matched healthy controls to test the hypothesis of hippocampal atrophy in BVF. Although the two groups did not generally differ in their hippocampal GMV, a reduction of GMV in the bilateral hippocampal CA3 region was significantly correlated with increased vestibulopathy-related clinical impairment. We propose that GMV reduction in the hippocampus of BVF patients is related to the severity of vestibular-induced disability which is in line with combined hippocampal atrophy and disorders of spatial navigation in complete vestibular deafferentation due to bilateral nerve section. Clinically, however, the most frequent etiologies of BVF cause incomplete lesions. Accordingly, hippocampus atrophy and deficits in spatial navigation occur possibly less frequently than previously suspected. Hum Brain Mapp 37:1998-2006, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Göttlich
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Nico M Jandl
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Andreas Sprenger
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany.,Institute of Psychology II, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jann F Wojak
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Thomas F Münte
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany.,Institute of Psychology II, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ulrike M Krämer
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany.,Institute of Psychology II, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christoph Helmchen
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
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113
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Harmony T, Barrera-Reséndiz J, Juárez-Colín ME, Carrillo-Prado C, del Consuelo Pedraza-Aguilar M, Asprón Ramírez A, Hinojosa-Rodríguez M, Fernández T, Ricardo-Garcell J. Longitudinal study of children with perinatal brain damage in whom early neurohabilitation was applied: Preliminary report. Neurosci Lett 2016; 611:59-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2015.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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114
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Baier B, Vogt T, Rohde F, Cuvenhaus H, Conrad J, Dieterich M. Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus ventralis intermedius: a thalamic site of graviceptive modulation. Brain Struct Funct 2015; 222:645-650. [PMID: 26650047 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-015-1157-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Based on animal studies, it has been shown that the nucleus ventralis intermedius (VIM) of the thalamus plays an important role within the vestibular system. A few human studies support the vestibular role of the VIM. In this study, we aimed to test the hypothesis whether changing the stimulation status in patients with unilateral deep brain stimulation in the VIM causally modulates the vestibular system, i.e., the graviceptive vertical perception. We tested six tremor patients for tilt of subjective visual vertical (SVV) with unilateral DBS in the VIM (mean age 67 years; mean time since electrode implantation 55 months). The mean tilt of the patients during the stimulator "on" condition was 1.4° to the contraversive side [standard deviation (SD) ± 0.4°] whereas during the "off" period a mean contraversive tilt of 4.4° (SD ± 3.0°) was obtained (p = 0.02). Thus, we were able to show that otolith-dominated graviceptive vertical perception can be directly modulated by changing the status of DBS VIM stimulation, indicating that the VIM is directly involved in (contraversive) vertical perception and its thalamic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Baier
- Department of Neurology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany. .,Neurology Department, Edith-Stein Fachklinik, Bad Bergzabern, Germany.
| | - Thomas Vogt
- Department of Neurology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Franziska Rohde
- Department of Neurology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hannah Cuvenhaus
- Department of Neurology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.,Neurology Department, Edith-Stein Fachklinik, Bad Bergzabern, Germany
| | - Julian Conrad
- Department of Neurology and IFBLMU, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Marianne Dieterich
- Department of Neurology and IFBLMU, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
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115
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Wijesinghe R, Protti DA, Camp AJ. Vestibular Interactions in the Thalamus. Front Neural Circuits 2015; 9:79. [PMID: 26696836 PMCID: PMC4667082 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2015.00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
It has long been known that the vast majority of all information en route to the cerebral cortex must first pass through the thalamus. The long held view that the thalamus serves as a simple hi fidelity relay station for sensory information to the cortex, however, has over recent years been dispelled. Indeed, multiple projections from the vestibular nuclei to thalamic nuclei (including the ventrobasal nuclei, and the geniculate bodies)- regions typically associated with other modalities- have been described. Further, some thalamic neurons have been shown to respond to stimuli presented from across sensory modalities. For example, neurons in the rat anterodorsal and laterodorsal nuclei of the thalamus respond to visual, vestibular, proprioceptive and somatosensory stimuli and integrate this information to compute heading within the environment. Together, these findings imply that the thalamus serves crucial integrative functions, at least in regard to vestibular processing, beyond that imparted by a “simple” relay. In this mini review we outline the vestibular inputs to the thalamus and provide some clinical context for vestibular interactions in the thalamus. We then focus on how vestibular inputs interact with other sensory systems and discuss the multisensory integration properties of the thalamus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Wijesinghe
- Sensory Systems and Integration Laboratory, Sydney Medical School, Discipline of Biomedical Science, University of Sydney Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dario A Protti
- Vision Laboratory, Sydney Medical School, Discipline of Physiology, University of Sydney Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Aaron J Camp
- Sensory Systems and Integration Laboratory, Sydney Medical School, Discipline of Biomedical Science, University of Sydney Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Conrad J, Habs M, Brandt T, Dieterich M. Acute Unilateral Vestibular Failure Does Not Cause Spatial Hemineglect. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135147. [PMID: 26247469 PMCID: PMC4527734 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Visuo-spatial neglect and vestibular disorders have common clinical findings and involve the same cortical areas. We questioned (1) whether visuo-spatial hemineglect is not only a disorder of spatial attention but may also reflect a disorder of higher cortical vestibular function and (2) whether a vestibular tone imbalance due to an acute peripheral dysfunction can also cause symptoms of neglect or extinction. Therefore, patients with an acute unilateral peripheral vestibular failure (VF) were tested for symptoms of hemineglect. METHODS Twenty-eight patients with acute VF were assessed for signs of vestibular deficits and spatial neglect using clinical measures and various common standardized paper-pencil tests. Neglect severity was evaluated further with the Center of Cancellation method. Pathological neglect test scores were correlated with the degree of vestibular dysfunction determined by the subjective visual vertical and caloric testing. RESULTS Three patients showed isolated pathological scores in one or the other neglect test, either ipsilesionally or contralesionally to the VF. None of the patients fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of spatial hemineglect or extinction. CONCLUSIONS A vestibular tone imbalance due to unilateral failure of the vestibular endorgan does not cause spatial hemineglect, but evidence indicates it causes mild attentional deficits in both visual hemifields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Conrad
- Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders—IFB (DSGZ), Munich, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Maximilian Habs
- Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders—IFB (DSGZ), Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Brandt
- German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders—IFB (DSGZ), Munich, Germany
- Clinical Neuroscience, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marianne Dieterich
- Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders—IFB (DSGZ), Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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