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Abstract
Mast cells and basophils represent the most relevant source of histamine in the immune system. Histamine is stored in cytoplasmic granules along with other amines (e.g., serotonin), proteases, proteoglycans, cytokines/chemokines, and angiogenic factors and rapidly released upon triggering with a variety of stimuli. Moreover, mast cell and basophil histamine release is regulated by several activating and inhibitory receptors. The engagement of different receptors can trigger different modalities of histamine release and degranulation. Histamine released from mast cells and basophils exerts its biological activities by activating four G protein-coupled receptors, namely H1R, H2R, H3R (expressed mainly in the brain), and the recently identified H4R. While H1R and H2R activation accounts mainly for some mast cell- and basophil-mediated allergic disorders, the selective expression of H4R on immune cells is uncovering new roles for histamine (possibly derived from mast cells and basophils) in allergic, inflammatory, and autoimmune disorders. Thus, the in-depth knowledge of mast cell and basophil histamine release and its biologic effects is poised to uncover new therapeutic avenues for a wide spectrum of disorders.
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Alachkar A, Łażewska D, Kieć-Kononowicz K, Sadek B. The Histamine H3 Receptor Antagonist E159 Reverses Memory Deficits Induced by Dizocilpine in Passive Avoidance and Novel Object Recognition Paradigm in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:709. [PMID: 29075190 PMCID: PMC5643952 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The involvement of histamine H3 receptors (H3Rs) in memory is well known, and the potential of H3R antagonists in therapeutic management of neuropsychiatric diseases, e.g., Alzheimer disease (AD) is well established. Therefore, the effects of histamine H3 receptor (H3R) antagonist E159 (2.5–10 mg/kg, i.p.) in adult male rats on dizocilpine (DIZ)-induced memory deficits were studied in passive avoidance paradigm (PAP) and in novel object recognition (NOR) using pitolisant (PIT) and donepezil (DOZ) as standard drugs. Upon acute systemic pretreatment of E159 at three different doses, namely 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg, i.p., 2.5 and 5 but not 10 mg/kg of E159 counteracted the DIZ (0.1 mg)-induced memory deficits, and this E159 (2.5 mg)-elicited memory-improving effects in DIZ-induced amnesic model were moderately abrogated after acute systemic administration of scopolamine (SCO), H2R antagonist zolantidine (ZOL), but not with H1R antagonist pyrilamine to the animals. Moreover, the observed memory-enhancing effects of E159 (2.5 mg/kg, i.p.) were strongly abrogated when animals were administered with a combination of SCO and ZOL. Furthermore, the E159 (2.5 mg)-provided significant memory-improving effect of in DIZ-induced short-term memory (STM) impairment in NOR was comparable to the DOZ-provided memory-enhancing effect, and was abolished when animals were injected with the CNS-penetrant histamine H3R agonist R-(α)-methylhistamine (RAMH). However, E159 at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg failed to exhibit procognitive effect on DIZ-induced long-term memory (LTM) in NOR. Furthermore, the results observed revealed that E159 (2.5 mg/kg) did not alter anxiety levels and locomotor activity of animals naive to elevated-plus maze (EPM), demonstrating that improved performances with E159 (2.5 mg/kg) in PAP or NOR are unrelated to changes in emotional responding or in spontaneous locomotor activity. These results provide evidence for the potential of drugs targeting H3Rs for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders, e.g., AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Alachkar
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dorota Łażewska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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103
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Bautista‐Aguilera ÓM, Hagenow S, Palomino‐Antolin A, Farré‐Alins V, Ismaili L, Joffrin P, Jimeno ML, Soukup O, Janočková J, Kalinowsky L, Proschak E, Iriepa I, Moraleda I, Schwed JS, Romero Martínez A, López‐Muñoz F, Chioua M, Egea J, Ramsay RR, Marco‐Contelles J, Stark H. Multipotente Liganden mit kombinierter Cholinesterase‐ und Monoaminooxidase‐Inhibition sowie Histamin‐H
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R‐Antagonismus bei neurodegenerativen Erkrankungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201706072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Óscar M. Bautista‐Aguilera
- Laboratorio de Química Médica Instituto de Química Orgánica General CSIC and Centro de Química Orgánica “Lora-Tamayo”, CSIC C/ Juan de la Cierva 3 28006 Madrid Spanien
| | - Stefanie Hagenow
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Universitätsstrasse 1 40225 Düsseldorf Deutschland
| | - Alejandra Palomino‐Antolin
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Servicio de Farmacología Clínica Hospital Universitario de la Princesa Calle de Diego de León, 62 28006 Madrid Spanien
| | - Víctor Farré‐Alins
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Servicio de Farmacología Clínica Hospital Universitario de la Princesa Calle de Diego de León, 62 28006 Madrid Spanien
| | - Lhassane Ismaili
- Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques EA 481 Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté Rue Ambroise Paré 25000 Besançon Frankreich
| | - Pierre‐Louis Joffrin
- Biomedical Sciences Research Complex University of St Andrews, Biomolecular Sciences Building North Haugh St Andrews KY16 9ST Großbritannien
| | - María L. Jimeno
- Laboratorio de Química Médica Instituto de Química Orgánica General CSIC and Centro de Química Orgánica “Lora-Tamayo”, CSIC C/ Juan de la Cierva 3 28006 Madrid Spanien
| | - Ondřej Soukup
- Centrum biomedicínského výzkumu Fakultní nemocnice Hradec Králové Sokolska 581 50005 Hradec Kralove Tschechische Republik
| | - Jana Janočková
- Centrum biomedicínského výzkumu Fakultní nemocnice Hradec Králové Sokolska 581 50005 Hradec Kralove Tschechische Republik
| | - Lena Kalinowsky
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie Goethe Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9 60438 Frankfurt Deutschland
| | - Ewgenij Proschak
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie Goethe Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9 60438 Frankfurt Deutschland
| | - Isabel Iriepa
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica Universidad de Alcalá Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33,6 28871 Madrid Spanien
| | - Ignacio Moraleda
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica Universidad de Alcalá Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33,6 28871 Madrid Spanien
| | - Johannes S. Schwed
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Universitätsstrasse 1 40225 Düsseldorf Deutschland
| | - Alejandro Romero Martínez
- Departamento de Toxicología y Farmacología Facultad de Veterinaria, UCM Av. Puerta de Hierro, s/n 28040 Madrid Spanien
| | - Francisco López‐Muñoz
- Universidad Camilo José Cela C/ Castillo de Alarcón, 49 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada Madrid Spanien
| | - Mourad Chioua
- Laboratorio de Química Médica Instituto de Química Orgánica General CSIC and Centro de Química Orgánica “Lora-Tamayo”, CSIC C/ Juan de la Cierva 3 28006 Madrid Spanien
| | - Javier Egea
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Servicio de Farmacología Clínica Hospital Universitario de la Princesa Calle de Diego de León, 62 28006 Madrid Spanien
| | - Rona R. Ramsay
- Biomedical Sciences Research Complex University of St Andrews, Biomolecular Sciences Building North Haugh St Andrews KY16 9ST Großbritannien
| | - José Marco‐Contelles
- Laboratorio de Química Médica Instituto de Química Orgánica General CSIC and Centro de Química Orgánica “Lora-Tamayo”, CSIC C/ Juan de la Cierva 3 28006 Madrid Spanien
| | - Holger Stark
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Universitätsstrasse 1 40225 Düsseldorf Deutschland
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104
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Bautista-Aguilera ÓM, Hagenow S, Palomino-Antolin A, Farré-Alins V, Ismaili L, Joffrin PL, Jimeno ML, Soukup O, Janočková J, Kalinowsky L, Proschak E, Iriepa I, Moraleda I, Schwed JS, Romero Martínez A, López-Muñoz F, Chioua M, Egea J, Ramsay RR, Marco-Contelles J, Stark H. Multitarget-Directed Ligands Combining Cholinesterase and Monoamine Oxidase Inhibition with Histamine H 3 R Antagonism for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:12765-12769. [PMID: 28861918 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201706072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The therapy of complex neurodegenerative diseases requires the development of multitarget-directed drugs (MTDs). Novel indole derivatives with inhibitory activity towards acetyl/butyrylcholinesterases and monoamine oxidases A/B as well as the histamine H3 receptor (H3R) were obtained by optimization of the neuroprotectant ASS234 by incorporating generally accepted H3R pharmacophore motifs. These small-molecule hits demonstrated balanced activities at the targets, mostly in the nanomolar concentration range. Additional in vitro studies showed antioxidative neuroprotective effects as well as the ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier. With this promising in vitro profile, contilisant (at 1 mg kg-1 i.p.) also significantly improved lipopolysaccharide-induced cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Óscar M Bautista-Aguilera
- Laboratorio de Química Médica, Instituto de Química Orgánica General, CSIC and Centro de Química Orgánica "Lora-Tamayo", CSIC, C/ Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Stefanie Hagenow
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alejandra Palomino-Antolin
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Calle de Diego de León, 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Víctor Farré-Alins
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Calle de Diego de León, 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lhassane Ismaili
- Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques EA 481, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Rue Ambroise Paré, 25000, Besançon, France
| | - Pierre-Louis Joffrin
- Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St Andrews, Biomolecular Sciences Building, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - María L Jimeno
- Laboratorio de Química Médica, Instituto de Química Orgánica General, CSIC and Centro de Química Orgánica "Lora-Tamayo", CSIC, C/ Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ondřej Soukup
- Centrum biomedicínského výzkumu, Fakultní nemocnice Hradec Králové, Sokolska 581, 50005, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Janočková
- Centrum biomedicínského výzkumu, Fakultní nemocnice Hradec Králové, Sokolska 581, 50005, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lena Kalinowsky
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ewgenij Proschak
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Isabel Iriepa
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33,6, 28871, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Moraleda
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33,6, 28871, Madrid, Spain
| | - Johannes S Schwed
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alejandro Romero Martínez
- Departamento de Toxicología y Farmacología, Facultad de Veterinaria, UCM, Av. Puerta de Hierro, s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco López-Muñoz
- Universidad Camilo José Cela, C/ Castillo de Alarcón, 49, 28692, Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mourad Chioua
- Laboratorio de Química Médica, Instituto de Química Orgánica General, CSIC and Centro de Química Orgánica "Lora-Tamayo", CSIC, C/ Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Egea
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Servicio de Farmacología Clínica, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Calle de Diego de León, 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rona R Ramsay
- Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St Andrews, Biomolecular Sciences Building, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - José Marco-Contelles
- Laboratorio de Química Médica, Instituto de Química Orgánica General, CSIC and Centro de Química Orgánica "Lora-Tamayo", CSIC, C/ Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Holger Stark
- Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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105
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Sadek B, Oz M, Nurulain SM, Jayaprakash P, Latacz G, Kieć-Kononowicz K, Szymańska E. Phenylalanine derivatives with modulating effects on human α1-glycine receptors and anticonvulsant activity in strychnine-induced seizure model in male adult rats. Epilepsy Res 2017; 138:124-131. [PMID: 28554717 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The critical role of α1-glycine receptor (α1-GLYRs) in pathological conditions such as epilepsy is well known. In the present study, structure-activity relations for a series of phenylalanine derivatives carrying selected hydrogen bond acceptors were investigated on the functional properties of human α1-GLYR expressed in Xenopus oocytes. The results indicate that one particular substitution position appeared to be of special importance for control of ligand activity. Among tested ligands (1-8), the biphenyl derivative (2) provided the most promising antagonistic effect on α1-GLYRs, while its phenylbenzyl analogue (5) exhibited the highest potentiation effect. Moreover, ligand 5 with most promising potentiating effect showed in-vivo moderate protection when tested in strychnine (STR)-induced seizure model in male adult rats, whereas ligand 2 with highest antagonistic effect failed to provide appreciable anti(pro)convulsant effect. Furthermore, ligands 2 and 5 with the most promising effects on human α1-GLYRs were examined for their toxicity and potential neuroprotective effect against neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). The results show that ligands 2 and 5 possessed neither significant antiproliferative effects, nor necrotic and mitochondrial toxicity (up to concentration of 50μM). Moreover, ligand 2 showed weak neuroprotective effect at the 50μM against 100μM toxic dose of 6-OHDA. Our results indicate that modulatory effects of ligands 2 and 5 on human α1-GLYRs as well as on STR-induced convulsion can provide further insights for the design of therapeutic agents in treatment of epilepsy and other pathological conditions requiring enhanced activity of inhibitory glycine receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Murat Oz
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Syed M Nurulain
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates; Department of Bioscience, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Petrilla Jayaprakash
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Gniewomir Latacz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Szymańska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, PL 30-688 Krakow, Poland
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106
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Oliveira CC, Oliveira CV, Grigoletto J, Ribeiro LR, Funck VR, Meier L, Fighera MR, Royes LFF, Furian AF, Menezes IRA, Oliveira MS. Anticonvulsant activity of Caryocar coriaceum Wittm. fixed pulp oil against pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures. Neurol Res 2017; 39:667-674. [DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2017.1324380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cleide Correia Oliveira
- Graduate Program of Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
- Department of Nursing, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, Brazil
| | | | - Jéssica Grigoletto
- Graduate Program of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Vinícius Rafael Funck
- Graduate Program of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Letícia Meier
- Graduate Program of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Michele Rechia Fighera
- Graduate Program of Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
- Graduate Program of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Freire Royes
- Graduate Program of Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
- Graduate Program of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia Furian
- Graduate Program of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Mauro Schneider Oliveira
- Graduate Program of Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
- Graduate Program of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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107
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Rapanelli M. The magnificent two: histamine and the H3 receptor as key modulators of striatal circuitry. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2017; 73:36-40. [PMID: 27773554 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Histaminergic dysfunction has been recently linked to tic disorders and to aberrant striatal function. There is a particular interest in the histamine 3 receptor (H3R) due to its clinical implications for treating multiple disorders and its high expression in the brain. Striatal histamine (HA) modulates through the H3R in complex ways the release of striatal neurotransmitters into this brain region. The H3R has been classically described to be coupled to Gi, although there is evidence that revealed that striatal H3R forms heteromers with the dopamine receptors 1 and 2 in the medium spiny neurons (MSNs) than changes this signaling. Moreover, new data described for the first time a complete, segregated and time dependent signaling after H3R activation in the two types of MSNs (D1R-MSNs and D2R-MSNs). The aim of this review is to update the role of HA and H3R in striatal function at a molecular and signaling levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximiliano Rapanelli
- Yale University, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, 34 Park St, New Haven, CT, USA.
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108
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Bachurin SO, Bovina EV, Ustyugov AA. Drugs in Clinical Trials for Alzheimer's Disease: The Major Trends. Med Res Rev 2017; 37:1186-1225. [PMID: 28084618 DOI: 10.1002/med.21434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative process resulting from the intracellular and extracellular accumulation of fibrillary proteins: beta-amyloid and hyperphosphorylated Tau. Overaccumulation of these aggregates leads to synaptic dysfunction and subsequent neuronal loss. The precise molecular mechanisms of AD are still not fully understood but it is clear that AD is a multifactorial disorder and that advanced age is the main risk factor. Over the last decade, more than 50 drug candidates have successfully passed phase II clinical trials, but none has passed phase III. Here, we summarize data on current "anti-Alzheimer's" agents currently in clinical trials based on findings available in the Thomson Reuters «Integrity» database, on the public website www.clinicaltrials.gov, and on database of the website Alzforum.org. As a result, it was possible to outline some major trends in AD drug discovery: (i) the development of compounds acting on the main stages of the pathogenesis of the disease (the so-called "disease-modifying agents") - these drugs could potentially slow the development of structural and functional abnormalities in the central nervous system providing sustainable improvements of cognitive functions, which persist even after drug withdrawal; (ii) focused design of multitargeted drugs acting on multiple molecular targets involved in the pathogenesis of the disease; (3) finally, the repositioning of old drugs for new (anti-Alzheimer's) application offers a very attractive approach to facilitate the completion of clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey O Bachurin
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Severny proezd 1, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432, Russia
| | - Elena V Bovina
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Severny proezd 1, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432, Russia
| | - Aleksey A Ustyugov
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Severny proezd 1, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, 142432, Russia
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109
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Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, characterized by the loss of memory, multiple cognitive impairments and changes in the personality and behavior. Several decades of intense research have revealed that multiple cellular changes are involved in disease process, including synaptic damage, mitochondrial abnormalities and inflammatory responses, in addition to formation and accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) and phosphorylated tau. Although tremendous progress has been made in understanding the impact of neurotransmitters in the progression and pathogenesis of AD, we still do not have a drug molecule associated with neurotransmitter(s) that can delay disease process in elderly individuals and/or restore cognitive functions in AD patients. The purpose of our article is to assess the latest developments in neurotransmitters research using cell and mouse models of AD. We also updated the current status of clinical trials using neurotransmitters' agonists/antagonists in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Kandimalla
- Garrison Institute on Aging Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Pharmacology & Neuroscience Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - P. Hemachandra Reddy
- Garrison Institute on Aging Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Pharmacology & Neuroscience Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Cell Biology & Biochemistry Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Neurology Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
- Garrison Institute on Aging, South West Campus, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
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110
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Sadek B, Saad A, Latacz G, Kuder K, Olejarz A, Karcz T, Stark H, Kieć-Kononowicz K. Non-imidazole-based histamine H3 receptor antagonists with anticonvulsant activity in different seizure models in male adult rats. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2016; 10:3879-3898. [PMID: 27932863 PMCID: PMC5135077 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s116192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A series of twelve novel non-imidazole-based ligands (3–14) was developed and evaluated for its in vitro binding properties at the human histamine H3 receptor (hH3R). The novel ligands were investigated for their in vivo protective effects in different seizure models in male adult rats. Among the H3R ligands (3–14) tested, ligand 14 showed significant and dose-dependent reduction in the duration of tonic hind limb extension in maximal electroshock (MES)-induced seizure model subsequent to acute systemic administration (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), whereas ligands 4, 6, and 7 without appreciable protection in MES model were most promising in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) model. Moreover, the protective effect observed for ligand 14 in MES model was lower than that observed for the reference drug phenytoin and was entirely abrogated when rats were co-administered with the brain-penetrant H1R antagonist pyrilamine (PYR) but not the brain-penetrant H2R antagonist zolantidine (ZOL), demonstrating that histaminergic neurotransmission by activation of postsynaptically located H1Rs seems to be involved in the protective action. On the contrary, PYR and ZOL failed to abrogate the full protection provided by 4 in PTZ model and the moderate protective effect by 14 in strychnine (STR) model. Moreover, the experimental and in silico estimation of properties such as metabolism was performed for five selected test compounds. Also, lipophilicity using planar reversed-phase thin-layer chromatography method was included for better understanding of the molecular properties of the tested compounds. Additionally, the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination and toxicity parameters were evaluated for the most promising compounds 2, 4, 6, 7, and 14 utilizing in vitro methods. These interesting results highlight the potential of H3R ligands as new antiepileptic drugs or as adjuvants to available epilepsy medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali Saad
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Gniewomir Latacz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Kamil Kuder
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Olejarz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Karcz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Holger Stark
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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Sadek B, Saad A, Schwed JS, Weizel L, Walter M, Stark H. Anticonvulsant effects of isomeric nonimidazole histamine H 3 receptor antagonists. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2016; 10:3633-3651. [PMID: 27853355 PMCID: PMC5106240 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s114147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Phenytoin (PHT), valproic acid, and modern antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), eg, remacemide, loreclezole, and safinamide, are only effective within a maximum of 70%–80% of epileptic patients, and in many cases the clinical use of AEDs is restricted by their side effects. Therefore, a continuous need remains to discover innovative chemical entities for the development of active and safer AEDs. Ligands targeting central histamine H3 receptors (H3Rs) for epilepsy might be a promising therapeutic approach. To determine the potential of H3Rs ligands as new AEDs, we recently reported that no anticonvulsant effects were observed for the (S)-2-(4-(3-(piperidin-1-yl)propoxy)benzylamino)propanamide (1). In continuation of our research, we asked whether anticonvulsant differences in activities will be observed for its R-enantiomer, namely, (R)-2-(4-(3-(piperidin-1-yl)propoxy)benzylamino)propaneamide (2) and analogs thereof, in maximum electroshock (MES)-, pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-, and strychnine (STR)-induced convulsion models in rats having PHT and valproic acid (VPA) as reference AEDs. Unlike the S-enantiomer (1), the results show that animals pretreated intraperitoneally (ip) with the R-enantiomer 2 (10 mg/kg) were moderately protected in MES and STR induced models, whereas proconvulsant effect was observed for the same ligand in PTZ-induced convulsion models. However, animals pretreated with intraperitoneal doses of 5, 10, or 15 mg/kg of structurally bulkier (R)-enantiomer (3), in which 3-piperidinopropan-1-ol in ligand 2 was replaced by (4-(3-(piperidin-1-yl)propoxy)phenyl)methanol, and its (S)-enantiomer (4) significantly and in a dose-dependent manner reduced convulsions or exhibited full protection in MES and PTZ convulsions model, respectively. Interestingly, the protective effects observed for the (R)-enantiomer (3) in MES model were significantly greater than those of the standard H3R inverse agonist/antagonist pitolisant, comparable with those observed for PHT, and reversed when rats were pretreated with the selective H3R agonist R-(α)-methyl-histamine. Comparisons of the observed antagonistic in vitro affinities among the ligands 1–6 revealed profound stereoselectivity at human H3Rs with varying preferences for this receptor subtype. Moreover, the in vivo anticonvulsant effects observed in this study for ligands 1–6 showed stereoselectivity in different convulsion models in male adult rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali Saad
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Johannes Stephan Schwed
- Biocenter, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lilia Weizel
- Biocenter, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Miriam Walter
- Biocenter, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Holger Stark
- Biocenter, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Nieto-Alamilla G, Márquez-Gómez R, García-Gálvez AM, Morales-Figueroa GE, Arias-Montaño JA. The Histamine H3 Receptor: Structure, Pharmacology, and Function. Mol Pharmacol 2016; 90:649-673. [PMID: 27563055 DOI: 10.1124/mol.116.104752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the four G protein-coupled receptors (H1-H4) identified as mediators of the biologic effects of histamine, the H3 receptor (H3R) is distinguished for its almost exclusive expression in the nervous system and the large variety of isoforms generated by alternative splicing of the corresponding mRNA. Additionally, it exhibits dual functionality as autoreceptor and heteroreceptor, and this enables H3Rs to modulate the histaminergic and other neurotransmitter systems. The cloning of the H3R cDNA in 1999 by Lovenberg et al. allowed for detailed studies of its molecular aspects. In this work, we review the characteristics of the H3R, namely, its structure, constitutive activity, isoforms, signal transduction pathways, regional differences in expression and localization, selective agonists, antagonists and inverse agonists, dimerization with other neurotransmitter receptors, and the main presynaptic and postsynaptic effects resulting from its activation. The H3R has attracted interest as a potential drug target for the treatment of several important neurologic and psychiatric disorders, such as Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases, Gilles de la Tourette syndrome, and addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Nieto-Alamilla
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav-IPN), Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Ricardo Márquez-Gómez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav-IPN), Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Ana-Maricela García-Gálvez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav-IPN), Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Guadalupe-Elide Morales-Figueroa
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav-IPN), Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, México
| | - José-Antonio Arias-Montaño
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav-IPN), Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, México
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