101
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Minardi S, Corradetti B, Taraballi F, Byun JH, Cabrera F, Liu X, Ferrari M, Weiner BK, Tasciotti E. IL-4 Release from a Biomimetic Scaffold for the Temporally Controlled Modulation of Macrophage Response. Ann Biomed Eng 2016; 44:2008-19. [DOI: 10.1007/s10439-016-1580-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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102
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Hu C, Zilm M, Wei M. Fabrication of intrafibrillar and extrafibrillar mineralized collagen/apatite scaffolds with a hierarchical structure. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 104:1153-61. [PMID: 26748775 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A biomimetic collagen-apatite (Col-Ap) scaffold resembling the composition and structure of natural bone from the nanoscale to the macroscale has been successfully prepared for bone tissue engineering. We have developed a bottom-up approach to fabricate hierarchically biomimetic Col-Ap scaffolds with both intrafibrillar and extrafibrillar mineralization. To achieve intrafibrillar mineralization, polyacrylic acid (PAA) was used as a sequestrating analog of noncollagenous proteins (NCPs) to form a fluidic amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) nanoprecursor through attraction of calcium and phosphate ions. Sodium tripolyphosphate was used as a templating analog to regulate orderly deposition of apatite within collagen fibrils. Both X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy suggest that the mineral phase was apatite. Field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and selected area electron diffraction confirmed that hierarchical collagen-Ap scaffolds were produced with both intrafibrillar and extrafibrillar mineralization. Biomimetic Col-Ap scaffolds with both intrafibrillar and extrafibrillar mineralization (IE-Col-Ap) were compared with Col-Ap scaffolds with extrafibrillar mineralization only (E-Col-Ap) as well as pure collagen scaffolds in vitro for cellular proliferation using MC3T3-E1 cells. Pure collagen scaffolds had the highest rate of proliferation, while there was no statistically significant difference between IE-Col-Ap and E-Col-Ap scaffolds. Thus, the bottom-up biomimetic fabrication approach has rendered a group of promising Col-Ap scaffolds, which bear high resemblance to natural bone in terms of composition and structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changmin Hu
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, 97 North Eagleville Rd, Unit 3136, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269
| | - Michael Zilm
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, 97 North Eagleville Rd, Unit 3136, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269
| | - Mei Wei
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, 97 North Eagleville Rd, Unit 3136, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, 97 North Eagleville Rd, Unit 3136, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269
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103
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Corradetti B, Ferrari M. Nanotechnology for mesenchymal stem cell therapies. J Control Release 2015; 240:242-250. [PMID: 26732556 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) display great proliferative, differentiative, chemotactic, and immune-modulatory properties required to promote tissue repair. Several clinical trials based on the use of MSC are currently underway for therapeutic purposes. The aim of this article is to examine the current trends and potential impact of nanotechnology in MSC-driven regenerative medicine. Nanoparticle-based approaches are used as powerful carrier systems for the targeted delivery of bioactive molecules to ensure MSC long-term maintenance in vitro and to enhance their regenerative potential. Nanostructured materials have been developed to recapitulate the stem cell niche within a tissue and to instruct MSC toward the creation of regeneration-permissive environment. Finally, the capability of MSC to migrate toward the site of injury/inflammation has allowed for the development of diagnostic imaging systems able to monitor transplanted stem cell bio-distribution, toxicity, and therapeutic effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Corradetti
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave., Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Mauro Ferrari
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave., Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
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104
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Ciocca L, Lesci IG, Mezini O, Parrilli A, Ragazzini S, Rinnovati R, Romagnoli N, Roveri N, Scotti R. Customized hybrid biomimetic hydroxyapatite scaffold for bone tissue regeneration. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2015; 105:723-734. [PMID: 26708554 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimension (3D) scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration were produced combining three different phases: nanometric hydroxyapatite (HA) was synthesized by precipitation method and the crystals nucleation took place directly within collagen fibrils following a biologically inspired mineralization process; polycaprolactone was employed to give the material a 3D structure. The chemico-physical analysis carried out to test the material's properties and composition revealed a high similarity in composition and morphology with biologically mineralized collagen fibrils and a scaffold degradation pattern suitable for physiological processes. The micro- computerized tomography (micro-CT) showed 53.53% porosity and a 97.86% mean interconnected pores. Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology was used for molding the scaffold's volume (design/shape) and for guiding the surgical procedure (cutting guides). The custom made scaffolds were implanted in sheep mandible using prototyped surgical guides and customized bone plates. After three months healing, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of the explanted scaffold revealed a massive cell seeding of the scaffold, with cell infiltration within the scaffold's interconnected pores. The micro-CT of the explanted construct showed a good match between the scaffold and the adjacent host's bone, to shield the implant primary stability. Histology confirmed cell penetration and widely documented neoangiogenesis within the entire scaffold's volume. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 723-734, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ciocca
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, Section of Prosthodontics, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40125, Bologna, Italy
| | - I G Lesci
- Laboratory for Environment Biotechnology Structural engineering and Chemistry, LEBSC s.r.l. Bologna, Italy
| | - O Mezini
- Laboratory for Environment Biotechnology Structural Engineering and Chemistry, LEBSC s.r.l. Bologna, Italy
| | - A Parrilli
- Biocompatibility, Technological Innovations and Advanced Therapies Laboratory (BITTA), Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Ragazzini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science - DIBINEM, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - R Rinnovati
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
| | - N Romagnoli
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
| | - N Roveri
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician" via Selmi 2, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - R Scotti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, Section of Prosthodontics, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40125, Bologna, Italy
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105
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Burmester A, Willumeit-Römer R, Feyerabend F. Behavior of bone cells in contact with magnesium implant material. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2015; 105:165-179. [PMID: 26448207 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium-based implants exhibit several advantages, such as biodegradability and possible osteoinductive properties. Whether the degradation may induce cell type-specific changes in metabolism still remains unclear. To examine the osteoinductivity mechanisms, the reaction of bone-derived cells (MG63, U2OS, SaoS2, and primary human osteoblasts (OB)) to magnesium (Mg) was determined. Mg-based extracts were used to mimic more realistic Mg degradation conditions. Moreover, the influence of cells having direct contact with the degrading Mg metal was investigated. In exposure to extracts and in direct contact, the cells decreased pH and osmolality due to metabolic activity. Proliferating cells showed no significant reaction to extracts, whereas differentiating cells were negatively influenced. In contrast to extract exposure, where cell size increased, in direct contact to magnesium, cell size was stable or even decreased. The amount of focal adhesions decreased over time on all materials. Genes involved in bone formation were significantly upregulated, especially for primary human osteoblasts. Some osteoinductive indicators were observed for OB: (i) an increased cell count after extract addition indicated a higher proliferation potential; (ii) increased cell sizes after extract supplementation in combination with augmented adhesion behavior of these cells suggest an early switch to differentiation; and (iii) bone-inducing gene expression patterns were determined for all analyzed conditions. The results from the cell lines were inhomogeneous and showed no specific stimulus of Mg. The comparison of the different cell types showed that primary cells of the investigated tissue should be used as an in vitro model if Mg is analyzed. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 165-179, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Burmester
- Department for Material Design and Characterisation, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Institute of Material Research, 21502, Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Regine Willumeit-Römer
- Department for Material Design and Characterisation, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Institute of Material Research, 21502, Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Frank Feyerabend
- Department for Material Design and Characterisation, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Institute of Material Research, 21502, Geesthacht, Germany
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106
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Denry I, Kuhn LT. Design and characterization of calcium phosphate ceramic scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Dent Mater 2015; 32:43-53. [PMID: 26423007 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our goal is to review design strategies for the fabrication of calcium phosphate ceramic scaffolds (CPS), in light of their transient role in bone tissue engineering and associated requirements for effective bone regeneration. METHODS We examine the various design options available to meet mechanical and biological requirements of CPS and later focus on the importance of proper characterization of CPS in terms of architecture, mechanical properties and time-sensitive properties such as biodegradability. Finally, relationships between in vitro versus in vivo testing are addressed, with an attempt to highlight reliable performance predictors. RESULTS A combinatory design strategy should be used with CPS, taking into consideration 3D architecture, adequate surface chemistry and topography, all of which are needed to promote bone formation. CPS represent the media of choice for delivery of osteogenic factors and anti-infectives. Non-osteoblast mediated mineral deposition can confound in vitro osteogenesis testing of CPS and therefore the expression of a variety of proteins or genes including collagen type I, bone sialoprotein and osteocalcin should be confirmed in addition to increased mineral content. CONCLUSIONS CPS are a superior scaffold material for bone regeneration because they actively promote osteogenesis. Biodegradability of CPS via calcium and phosphate release represents a unique asset. Structural control of CPS at the macro, micro and nanoscale and their combination with cells and polymeric materials is likely to lead to significant developments in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Denry
- Department of Prosthodontics, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, 801 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA 52242-1010, USA.
| | - Liisa T Kuhn
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Avenue, MC 1615, Farmington, CT 06030-1615, USA
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