101
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Li X, Gao WY, Cao Y, Cao JG, Zhang LM. Antioxidant Activity Relationships of Pachymaran Derivatives. J Food Biochem 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Wen-Yuan Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Yu Cao
- College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering; Tianjin University of Science and Technology; Tianjin China
| | - Jing-Guo Cao
- Institute of Biological Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Tianjin University of Science and Technology; Tianjin China
| | - Li-Ming Zhang
- Institute of Biological Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Tianjin University of Science and Technology; Tianjin China
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102
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Zhang L, Koyyalamudi SR, Jeong SC, Reddy N, Bailey T, Longvah T. Immunomodulatory activities of polysaccharides isolated from Taxillus chinensis and Uncaria rhyncophylla. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 98:1458-65. [PMID: 24053827 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2012] [Revised: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Taxillus chinensis and Uncaria rhyncophylla are the herbs used in traditional Chinese anticancer formulations. During the past decade, research on plant polysaccharides has gained importance due to their therapeutic value and minimum side effects. In this study, hot water extraction method was employed to isolate polysaccharides from the stems of T. chinensis and stems with hooks of U. rhyncophylla. Size-exclusion chromatography was then used for further fractionation. Separated fractions from T. chinensis were designated as TCP-1, TCP-2 and TCP-3 and those from U. rhyncophylla were termed UC-1 and UC-2. Their sugar compositions were estimated using gas chromatography that revealed the presence fructose, glucose, xylose, arbinose, and rhamnose. Amino acid analysis of these fractions has indicated that they are protein-bound polysaccharides. The antioxidant activities were investigated using DPPH and yeast assays. The ability of these polysaccharide fractions to stimulate mouse macrophages was measured using Griess reagent and ELISA test. The results revealed that some of the isolated fractions (TCP-2, TCP-3, UC-1 and UC-2) displayed significant antioxidant activities and were also found to be effective immunomodulators in a concentration-dependent manner. Outcomes of this research strongly indicate that U. rhyncophylla and T. chinensis have therapeutic potential to be used for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith South DC, NSW 1797, Australia
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103
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Shi M, Zhang Z, Yang Y. Antioxidant and immunoregulatory activity of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP). Carbohydr Polym 2013; 95:200-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.02.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Revised: 12/05/2012] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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104
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Effect of different drying methods on physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of polysaccharides extracted from mushroom Inonotus obliquus. Food Res Int 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2011.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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105
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Effects of degree of carboxymethylation on physicochemical and biological properties of pachyman. Int J Biol Macromol 2012; 51:1052-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2012] [Revised: 08/03/2012] [Accepted: 08/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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106
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Chain length distribution and aggregation of branched (1→3)-β-d-glucans from Saccharomyces cerevisae. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 90:1092-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Accepted: 06/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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107
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Chen X, Xiao F, Wang Y, Fang J, Ding K. Structure-activity relationship study of WSS25 derivatives with anti-angiogenesis effects. Glycoconj J 2012; 29:389-98. [DOI: 10.1007/s10719-012-9424-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2012] [Revised: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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108
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Han XQ, Chung Lap Chan B, Dong CX, Yang YH, Ko CH, Gar-Lee Yue G, Chen D, Wong CK, Bik-San Lau C, Tu PF, Shaw PC, Fung KP, Leung PC, Hsiao WL, Han QB. Isolation, structure characterization, and immunomodulating activity of a hyperbranched polysaccharide from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma sinense. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:4276-4281. [PMID: 22500548 DOI: 10.1021/jf205056u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A polysaccharide (GSP-6B) with a molecular mass of 1.86 × 10⁶ Da was isolated from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma sinense . Chemical composition analysis, methylation analysis, infrared spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were conducted to elucidate its structure. GSP-6B contains a backbone of (1→6)-linked-β-D-glucopyranosyl residues, bearing branches at the O-3 position of every two sugar residues along the backbone. The side chains contain (1→4)-linked-β-D-glucopyranosyl residues, (1→3)-linked-β-D-glucopyranosyl residues, and nonreducing end β-D-glucopyranosyl residues. An in vitro immunomodulating activity assay revealed that GSP-6B could significantly induce the release of IL-1β and TNF-α in human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) and showed no toxicity to either PBMC or a human macrophage cell line THP-1. GSP-6B could also activate dendritic cells (DC) by stimulating the secretion of IL-12 and IL-10 from DC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qiang Han
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, China
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109
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Shi M, Yang Y, Guan D, Wang Y, Zhang Z. Evaluation of Solid-State Fermentation by Ganoderma lucidum Using Soybean Curd Residue. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-012-0857-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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110
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Preparation, antioxidant and antitumor activities in vitro of different derivatives of levan from endophytic bacterium Paenibacillus polymyxa EJS-3. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:767-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2011] [Revised: 11/13/2011] [Accepted: 11/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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111
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Comparison of polysaccharides from two species of Ganoderma. Molecules 2012; 17:740-52. [PMID: 22245941 PMCID: PMC6268238 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17010740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Revised: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma sinense, known as Lingzhi in Chinese, are commonly used Chinese medicines with excellent beneficial health effects. Triterpenes and polysaccharides are usually considered as their main active components. However, the content of triterpenes differs significantly between the two species of Ganoderma. To date, a careful comparison of polysaccharides from the two species of Ganoderma has not been performed. In this study, polysaccharides from fruiting bodies of two species of Lingzhi collected from different regions of China were analyzed and compared based on HPSEC-ELSD and HPSEC-MALLS-RI analyses, as well as enzymatic digestion and HPTLC of acid hydrolysates. The results indicated that both the HPSEC-ELSD profiles and the molecular weights of the polysaccharides were similar. Enzymatic digestion showed that polyshaccharides from all samples of Lingzhi could be hydrolyzed by pectinase and dextranase. HPTLC profiles of their TFA hydrolysates colored with different reagents and their monosaccharides composition were also similar.
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112
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Tranquilan-Aranilla C, Nagasawa N, Bayquen A, Dela Rosa A. Synthesis and characterization of carboxymethyl derivatives of kappa-carrageenan. Carbohydr Polym 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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113
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Fan L, Li J, Deng K, Ai L. Effects of drying methods on the antioxidant activities of polysaccharides extracted from Ganoderma lucidum. Carbohydr Polym 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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114
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Carboxymethylation of polysaccharides from Auricularia auricula and their antioxidant activities in vitro. Int J Biol Macromol 2011; 49:1124-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2011.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2011] [Revised: 09/05/2011] [Accepted: 09/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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115
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Wu Z, Ming J, Gao R, Wang Y, Liang Q, Yu H, Zhao G. Characterization and antioxidant activity of the complex of tea polyphenols and oat β-glucan. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:10737-10746. [PMID: 21892831 DOI: 10.1021/jf202722w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Few data are available about the effects of complexation of polyphenols with polysaccharide on their bioavailability. The complex of tea polyphenols (TP) with oat β-glucan was characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, differential scanning calorimetry, atomic force microscopy, and solid-state (13)C NMR spectroscopy. The results indicated that the bonds which governed the interaction between TP and oat β-glucan were strong hydrogen bonds. The in vitro antioxidant activity of TP, β-glucan, their complex, and physical mixture was assessed using four systems, namely, DPPH(•), OH(•), and O(2)(•-) scavenging activities and reducing power. The complexation and blending of TP and β-glucan exhibited different impacts on the index of in vitro and in vivo antioxidant capacities. In the concentration range of 0.5-2.5 mg mL(-1), the complex had highest O(2)(•-) scavenging activity, whereas the highest OH(•) scavenging activity was found with the physical mixture. For antioxidant testing in vivo, there was no significant difference between the complex and the physical mixture in terms of glutathione peroxidase activity and levels of malondialdehyde and total antioxidant capacity in serums. However, the complex exhibited much higher activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in livers than the physical mixture. The present study provided a deeper understanding of the influence of molecular interaction between TP and oat β-glucan on their antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University , Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
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116
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Redouan E, Emmanuel P, Michelle P, Bernard C, Josiane C, Cédric D. Evaluation of antioxidant capacity of ulvan-like polymer obtained by regioselective oxidation of gellan exopolysaccharide. Food Chem 2011; 127:976-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.01.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2010] [Revised: 11/14/2010] [Accepted: 01/18/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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117
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Magnani M, Castro-Gomez RJH, Mori MP, Kuasne H, Gregório EP, Libos F, de Syllos Cólus IM. Protective effect of carboxymethyl-glucan (CM-G) against DNA damage in patients with advanced prostate cancer. Genet Mol Biol 2011; 34:131-5. [PMID: 21637556 PMCID: PMC3085359 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572010005000103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2010] [Accepted: 09/06/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Carboxymethyl-glucan (CM-G) is a soluble derivative from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (1 → 3)(1 → 6)-β-D-glucan. The protective efficiency of CM-G against DNA damage in cells from patients with advanced prostate cancer (PCa), and undergoing Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT), was evaluated. DNA damage scores were obtained by the comet assay, both before and after treatment with CM-G. The reduction in DNA damage, ranging from 18% to 87%, with an average of 59%, was not related to the increased number of leukocytes in peripheral blood. The results demonstrate for the first time the protective effect of CM-G against DNA damage in patients with advanced PCa. Among smokers, three presented the highest reduction in DNA damage after treatment with CM-G. There was no observable relationship between DNA damage scores before and after treatment, and age, alcoholism and radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marciane Magnani
- Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
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118
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Chen R, Liu Z, Zhao J, Chen R, Meng F, Zhang M, Ge W. Antioxidant and immunobiological activity of water-soluble polysaccharide fractions purified from Acanthopanax senticosu. Food Chem 2011; 127:434-40. [PMID: 23140683 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.12.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2010] [Revised: 11/03/2010] [Accepted: 12/28/2010] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A water-soluble polysaccharide obtained from Acanthopanax senticosus leaves (ASL), was fractionated by DEAE-Sepharose fast-flow column chromatography, and purified by Sephadex G-75 gel-permeation column chromatography. The characteristics of ASP-2-1 were determined by chemical analysis, high-performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE), high-performance gel-permeation chromatography (HPGPC). The results show that ASP-2-1 contained 89.47% carbohydrate, 7.45% uronic acid, 2.16% protein and seven kinds of monosaccharides including rhamnose, xylose, glucose, mannose, arabinose, galactose and glucuronic acid in a molar ratio of 7.45:18.63:25.15:0.93:8.35:2.79:5.69, with an average molecular weight of about 14,573Da. Furthermore, the immunobiological and antioxidant activities, in vitro, of ASP-2-1 were evaluated by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and ferric-reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH()), superoxide radical (()O(2)(-)) and hydroxyl radical (()OH) free radical-scavenging assay, respectively. The results showed that ASP-2-1 exhibited significantly higher immunomodulatory activities against the lymphocyte proliferation in vitro, pronounced reductive power (FRAP value: 785.1μM at 0.2mg/ml), strong hydroxyl radical (89.56% at 1mg/ml) scavenging activity, moderate superoxide radicals (65.32% at 1mg/ml) and DPPH radicals (68.9% at 1mg/ml) scavenging activities. ASP-2-1 should be explored as a novel and potential natural antioxidant and immunostimulating agent for use in functional foods or medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhan Chen
- College of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun 130032, China.
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119
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Liu XX, Wan ZJ, Shi L, Lu XX. Preparation and antiherpetic activities of chemically modified polysaccharides from Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua. Carbohydr Polym 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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120
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Liu W, Xu J, Jing P, Yao W, Gao X, (Lucy) Yu L. Preparation of a hydroxypropyl Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide and its physicochemical properties. Food Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.11.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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121
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Liu W, Wang H, Yao W, Gao X, Yu LL. Effects of sulfation on the physicochemical and functional properties of a water-insoluble polysaccharide preparation from Ganoderma lucidum. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:3336-3341. [PMID: 20163182 DOI: 10.1021/jf903395g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The sulfation of a water-insoluble Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP) was successfully carried out with chlorosulfonic acid-pyridine in dimethyl formamide to prepare three sulfated GLP derivatives, named sGLP1, sGLP2, and sGLP3. The chemical structure of the sulfated GLP was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared and (13)C NMR analyses. The sGLPs were evaluated for their water solubility, degree of substitution (DS), antioxidant properties, and bile acid-binding capacities. The results showed that sulfation improved the water solubility of GLP and increased its scavenging capacities against hydroxyl and superoxide anion radicals, hydrogen peroxide-scavenging activity, Fe(II) chelating ability, reducing power, and bile acid-binding capacities. It was also observed that the DS may influence the physicochemical and functional properties of sGLPs. For instance, the sulfated GLP with the lowest DS had the greatest bile acid-binding capacity, and the sGLP that had the highest DS showed the lowest bile acid-binding ability under the experimental conditions. The results from this study suggested that sulfation is a possible approach to obtain novel water-soluble derivatives of GLP with improved physicochemical, functional, and biological properties for potential utilization in functional foods or supplemental products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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