101
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Liu X, Sun Z, Zhang M, Meng X, Xia X, Yuan W, Xue F, Liu C. Antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic activities of polysaccharides from sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 90:1664-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Revised: 07/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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102
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Isolation, identification and characterization of a novel antioxidant protein from the nematocyst of the jellyfish Stomolophus meleagris. Int J Biol Macromol 2012; 51:274-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2012] [Revised: 05/14/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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103
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Zhang D, Wu H, Xia Z, Wang C, Cai J, Huang Z, Du L, Sun P, Xie J. Partial characterization, antioxidant and antitumor activities of three sulfated polysaccharides purified from Bullacta exarata. J Funct Foods 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2012.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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104
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Qi X, Mao W, Gao Y, Chen Y, Chen Y, Zhao C, Li N, Wang C, Yan M, Lin C, Shan J. Chemical characteristic of an anticoagulant-active sulfated polysaccharide from Enteromorpha clathrata. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 90:1804-10. [PMID: 22944450 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.07.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Revised: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 07/29/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
A sulfated polysaccharide FEP from marine green alga Enteromorpha clathrata was extracted with hot water and further purified by ion-exchange and size-exclusion chromatography. Results of chemical and spectroscopic analyses showed that FEP was a high arabinose-containing sulfated polysaccharide with sulfate ester of 31.0%, and its average molecular weight was about 511kDa. The backbone of FEP was mainly composed of (1→4)-linked β-L-arabinopyranose residues with partially sulfate groups at the C-3 position. In vitro anticoagulant assay indicated that FEP effectively prolonged the activated partial thromboplastin time and thrombin time. The investigation demonstrated that FEP was a novel sulfated polysaccharide with different chemical characteristics from other sulfated polysaccharides from marine algae, and could be a potential source of anticoagulant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Qi
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Institute of Marine Drug and Food, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
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105
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He JZ, Ru QM, Dong DD, Sun PL. Chemical characteristics and antioxidant properties of crude water soluble polysaccharides from four common edible mushrooms. Molecules 2012; 17:4373-87. [PMID: 22495548 PMCID: PMC6268735 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17044373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2012] [Revised: 04/06/2012] [Accepted: 04/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Four crude water soluble polysaccharides, CABP, CAAP, CFVP and CLDP, were isolated from common edible mushrooms, including Agaricus bisporus, Auricularia auricula, Flammulina velutipes and Lentinus edodes, and their chemical characteristics and antioxidant properties were determined. Fourier Transform-infrared analysis showed that the four crude polysaccharides were all composed of β-glycoside linkages. The major monosaccharide compositions were D-galactose, D-glucose and D-mannose for CABP, CAAP and CLDP, while CFVP was found to consist of L-arabinose, D-galactose, D-glucose and D-mannose. The main molecular weight distributions of CABP and the other three polysaccharides were <5.1 × 104 Da and >66.0 × 104 Da, respectively. Antioxidant properties of the four polysaccharides were evaluated in in vitro systems and CABP showed the best antioxidant properties. The studied mushroom species could potentially be used in part of well-balanced diets and as a source of antioxidant compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Zhe He
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
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106
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He P, Geng L, Mao D, Xu C. Production, characterization and antioxidant activity of exopolysaccharides from submerged culture of Morchella crassipes. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2012; 35:1325-32. [PMID: 22415552 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-012-0720-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2012] [Accepted: 02/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate the fermentation optimization, molecular characterization, and antioxidant activity in vitro of exopolysaccharides (EPS) from Morchella crassipes in submerged culture. Firstly, an optimal medium for EPS production was obtained by single-factor experiment and central composite design as follows: maltose 44.79 g/L and tryptone 4.21 g/L. Then, one fraction of EPS was obtained from the culture filtrates by size exclusion chromatography and the molecular characteristics were examined by a multi-angle laser light scattering and refractive index detector system. The weight-average molar mass and the polydispersity ratio of the EPS fraction were revealed to be 1.961 × 10(4) g/mol and 1.838, respectively. FT-IR spectroscopy was used for obtaining vibrational spectra of the purified EPS fraction. Finally, the antioxidant activity of EPS was investigated and the relationship with molecular properties was discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixin He
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
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107
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Optimization of production conditions for mushroom polysaccharides with high yield and antitumor activity. Carbohydr Polym 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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108
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Chen Y, Mao W, Yang Y, Teng X, Zhu W, Qi X, Chen Y, Zhao C, Hou Y, Wang C, Li N. Structure and antioxidant activity of an extracellular polysaccharide from coral-associated fungus, Aspergillus versicolor LCJ-5-4. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 87:218-226. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Revised: 07/15/2011] [Accepted: 07/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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109
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Damare S, Singh P, Raghukumar S. Biotechnology of marine fungi. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR AND SUBCELLULAR BIOLOGY 2012; 53:277-97. [PMID: 22222837 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-23342-5_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Filamentous fungi are the most widely used eukaryotes in industrial and pharmaceutical applications. Their biotechnological uses include the production of enzymes, vitamins, polysaccharides, pigments, lipids and others. Marine fungi are a still relatively unexplored group in biotechnology. Taxonomic and habitat diversity form the basis for exploration of marine fungal biotechnology. This review covers what is known of the potential applications of obligate and marine-derived fungi obtained from coastal to the oceanic and shallow water to the deep-sea habitats. Recent studies indicate that marine fungi are potential candidates for novel enzymes, bioremediation, biosurfactants, polysaccharides, polyunsaturated fatty acids and secondary metabolites. Future studies that focus on culturing rare and novel marine fungi, combined with knowledge of their physiology and biochemistry will provide a firm basis for marine mycotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Damare
- Marine Biotechnology Laboratory, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India,
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110
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Mikhaleva NY, Borisenkov MF, Gyunter EA, Popeiko OV, Ovodov YS. Effect of successive acid and enzymatic hydrolysis on the structure and antioxidant activity of pectins. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162011070156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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111
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Sun HH, Mao WJ, Jiao JY, Xu JC, Li HY, Chen Y, Qi XH, Chen YL, Xu J, Zhao CQ, Hou YJ, Yang YP. Structural characterization of extracellular polysaccharides produced by the marine fungus Epicoccum nigrum JJY-40 and their antioxidant activities. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2011; 13:1048-1055. [PMID: 21279405 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-011-9368-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2010] [Accepted: 01/12/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Two extracellular polysaccharides, ENP1 and ENP2, were isolated from the fermentation liquid of the marine fungus Epicoccum nigrum JJY-40 by anion-exchange chromatography and gel-filtration chromatography, and their structures were investigated using chemical and spectroscopic methods including methylation analysis and NMR spectroscopy. The results demonstrated that ENP1 was composed of mannose, glucose, and galactose in the molar ratio of 5.0:2.1:1.0, and the main chain of the polysaccharide consisted of (1 → 2)-linked mannose, (1 → 3)-linked mannose, terminal mannose, (1 → 6)-linked glucose, (1 → 4)-linked glucose, and (1 → 4)-linked galactose. ENP2 was composed of mannose, galactose, glucose, and glucuronic acid in a molar ratio of 12.4:11.2:8.3:1.0, and its glycosidic linkage patterns included terminal mannose, (1 → 6)-linked glucose, (1 → 4)-linked galactose, and (1 → 3)-linked mannose. The two polysaccharides had a partially branched structure with branch point located at C-3 position of (1 → 6)-linked glucose residue. The molecular weights of ENP1 and ENP2 were 19.2 kDa and 32.7 kDa, respectively. Antioxidant properties of the two polysaccharides were evaluated with hydroxyl, superoxide, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities and lipid peroxidation inhibition in vitro, and results showed that ENP2 and ENP1 had good antioxidant activities, especially ENP2. ENP2 could be effective as a potential antioxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Hong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Institute of Marine Drug and Food, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
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112
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Chen Y, Mao W, Tao H, Zhu W, Qi X, Chen Y, Li H, Zhao C, Yang Y, Hou Y, Wang C, Li N. Structural characterization and antioxidant properties of an exopolysaccharide produced by the mangrove endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. Y16. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:8179-84. [PMID: 21733681 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2011] [Revised: 06/06/2011] [Accepted: 06/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A homogeneous exopolysaccharide, designated As1-1, was obtained from the culture medium of the mangrove endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. Y16 and purified by anion-exchange and gel-permeation chromatography. Results of chemical and spectroscopic analyses, including one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (1D and 2D NMR) spectroscopy showed that As1-1 was mainly composed of mannose with small amounts of galactose, and that its molecular weight was about 15 kDa. The backbone of As1-1 mainly consists of (1→2)-linked α-d-mannopyranose units, substituted at C-6 by the (1→6)-linked α-d-mannopyranose, (1→)-linked β-d-galactofuranose and (1→)-linked β-d-mannopyranose units. As1-1 possessed good in vitro antioxidant activity as evaluated by scavenging assays involving 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and superoxide radicals. The investigation demonstrated that As1-1 is an exopolysaccharide different from those of other marine microorganisms, and could be a potential antioxidant and food supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Institute of Marine Drug and Food, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
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113
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Ye M, Qiu T, Peng W, Chen WX, Ye YW, Lin YR. Purification, characterization and hypoglycemic activity of extracellular polysaccharides from Lachnum calyculiforme. Carbohydr Polym 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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114
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Yan H, Sun X, Sun S, Wang S, Zhang J, Wang R, An P, Yang F, Kang W. Anti-ultraviolet radiation effects of Coptis chinensis and Phellodendron amurense glycans by immunomodulating and inhibiting oxidative injury. Int J Biol Macromol 2011; 48:720-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2011.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2010] [Revised: 02/20/2011] [Accepted: 02/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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115
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Li H, Mao W, Zhang X, Qi X, Chen Y, Chen Y, Xu J, Zhao C, Hou Y, Yang Y, Li N, Wang C. Structural characterization of an anticoagulant-active sulfated polysaccharide isolated from green alga Monostroma latissimum. Carbohydr Polym 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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116
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Jiang P, Li J, Han F, Duan G, Lu X, Gu Y, Yu W. Antibiofilm activity of an exopolysaccharide from marine bacterium Vibrio sp. QY101. PLoS One 2011; 6:e18514. [PMID: 21490923 PMCID: PMC3072402 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2010] [Accepted: 03/09/2011] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial exopolysaccharides have always been suggested to play crucial roles in the bacterial initial adhesion and the development of complex architecture in the later stages of bacterial biofilm formation. However, Escherichia coli group II capsular polysaccharide was characterized to exert broad-spectrum biofilm inhibition activity. In this study, we firstly reported that a bacterial exopolysaccharide (A101) not only inhibits biofilm formation of many bacteria but also disrupts established biofilm of some strains. A101 with an average molecular weight of up to 546 KDa, was isolated and purified from the culture supernatant of the marine bacterium Vibrio sp. QY101 by ethanol precipitation, iron-exchange chromatography and gel filtration chromatography. High performance liquid chromatography traces of the hydrolyzed polysaccharides showed that A101 is primarily consisted of galacturonic acid, glucuronic acid, rhamnose and glucosamine. A101 was demonstrated to inhibit biofilm formation by a wide range of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria without antibacterial activity. Furthermore, A101 displayed a significant disruption on the established biofilm produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, but not by Staphylococcus aureus. Importantly, A101 increased the aminoglycosides antibiotics' capability of killing P. aeruginosa biofilm. Cell primary attachment to surfaces and intercellular aggregates assays suggested that A101 inhibited cell aggregates of both P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, while the cell-surface interactions inhibition only occurred in S. aureus, and the pre-formed cell aggregates dispersion induced by A101 only occurred in P. aeruginosa. Taken together, these data identify the antibiofilm activity of A101, which may make it potential in the design of new therapeutic strategies for bacterial biofilm-associated infections and limiting biofilm formation on medical indwelling devices. The found of A101 antibiofilm activity may also promote a new recognition about the functions of bacterial exopolysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingbao Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory For Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Han
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaofei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinzhi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchao Gu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Wengong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
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117
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Quan H, Qiong-Yao Y, Jiang S, Chang-Yun X, Ze-Jie L, Pu-Ming H. Structural characterization and antioxidant activities of 2 water-soluble polysaccharide fractions purified from tea (Camellia sinensis) flower. J Food Sci 2011; 76:C462-71. [PMID: 21535815 DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2011.02063.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The water-soluble crude polysaccharide tea flower polysaccharide (TFP), obtained from tea (Camellia sinensis) flower by boiling-water extraction and ethanol precipitation, was fractionated by Sephadex G-100 column chromatography, giving 2 polysaccharide fractions termed TFP-1 and TFP-2. The structural features of TFP-1 and TFP-2 were investigated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gel-permeation chromatography (GPC), rheometer, infrared (IR) spectra, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, atomic force microscope (AFM), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results indicated that TFP-1 was composed of glucose: xylose: rhamnose: galactose=1.0:1.2:0.81:0.98 with a molecular weight of 167.5 KDa, while TFP-2 comprised glucose: xylose: rhamnose: arabinose=1.0:0.76:2.3:2.3 with a molecular weight of 10.1 KDa. The 1H NMR revealed that TFP-1 contained α-L-Rhap, α-D-Galp, α-D-GalpNAc, α-D-Xylp, α-D-Glcp, and β-D-Glcp residues, while TFP-2 was illustrated to have α-L-Rhap, α-L-Arap, α-D-Xylp, α-D-Glcp, and α-D-GlcpNAc residues. Antioxidant activities of these fractions were investigated using various in vitro assay systems compared with ascorbic acid. In conclusion, TFP-2 exhibited the higher antioxidant activities and could be explored as a novel potential antioxidant. PRACTICAL APPLICATION At present, commonly low-grade tea is preferred to extract the tea polysaccharide, to take full advantage of tea flower resource to extract polysaccharides can greatly reduce the cost of tea products. Thus, the search for plant-derived biomaterials from this study could generate natural value-added products from underutilized tea plant waste and used as a medicinal agent against chronic health problems, such as cancers, aging, and atherosclerosis caused by reactive free radicals that produced from oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Quan
- Department of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, PR China
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118
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Jiang C, Wang M, Liu J, Gan D, Zeng X. Extraction, preliminary characterization, antioxidant and anticancer activities in vitro of polysaccharides from Cyclina sinensis. Carbohydr Polym 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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119
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Le Ker C, Petit KE, Biard JF, Fleurence J. Search for hydrophilic marine fungal metabolites: a rational approach for their production and extraction in a bioactivity screening context. Mar Drugs 2011; 9:82-97. [PMID: 21339948 PMCID: PMC3039472 DOI: 10.3390/md9010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2010] [Revised: 12/30/2010] [Accepted: 01/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In the search for bioactive natural products, our lab screens hydrophobic extracts from marine fungal strains. While hydrophilic active substances were recently identified from marine macro-organisms, there was a lack of reported metabolites in the marine fungi area. As such, we decided to develop a general procedure for screening of hydrophobic metabolites. The aim of this study was to compare different processes of fermentation and extraction, using six representative marine fungal strains, in order to define the optimized method for production. The parameters studied were (a) which polar solvent to select, (b) which fermentation method to choose between solid and liquid cultures, (c) which raw material, the mycelium or its medium, to extract and (d) which extraction process to apply. The biochemical analysis and biological evaluations of obtained extracts led to the conclusion that the culture of marine fungi by agar surface fermentation followed by the separate extraction of the mycelium and its medium by a cryo-crushing and an enzymatic digestion with agarase, respectively, was the best procedure when screening for hydrophilic bioactive metabolites. During this development, several bioactivities were detected, confirming the potential of hydrophilic crude extracts in the search for bioactive natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carine Le Ker
- University of Nantes, Faculty of Pharmacy, MMS–EA 2160, F-44000 Nantes, France; E-Mails: (C.L.K.); (K.-E.P.); (J.-F.B.)
| | - Karina-Ethel Petit
- University of Nantes, Faculty of Pharmacy, MMS–EA 2160, F-44000 Nantes, France; E-Mails: (C.L.K.); (K.-E.P.); (J.-F.B.)
| | - Jean-François Biard
- University of Nantes, Faculty of Pharmacy, MMS–EA 2160, F-44000 Nantes, France; E-Mails: (C.L.K.); (K.-E.P.); (J.-F.B.)
| | - Joël Fleurence
- University of Nantes, Faculty of Pharmacy, MMS–EA 2160, F-44000 Nantes, France; E-Mails: (C.L.K.); (K.-E.P.); (J.-F.B.)
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120
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Marine polysaccharides in pharmaceutical applications: an overview. Mar Drugs 2010; 8:2435-65. [PMID: 20948899 PMCID: PMC2953395 DOI: 10.3390/md8092435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2010] [Revised: 08/19/2010] [Accepted: 08/20/2010] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The enormous variety of polysaccharides that can be extracted from marine plants and animal organisms or produced by marine bacteria means that the field of marine polysaccharides is constantly evolving. Recent advances in biological techniques allow high levels of polysaccharides of interest to be produced in vitro. Biotechnology is a powerful tool to obtain polysaccharides from a variety of micro-organisms, by controlling the growth conditions in a bioreactor while tailoring the production of biologically active compounds. Following an overview of the current knowledge on marine polysaccharides, with special attention to potential pharmaceutical applications and to more recent progress on the discovering of new polysaccharides with biological appealing characteristics, this review will focus on possible strategies for chemical or physical modification aimed to tailor the final properties of interest.
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122
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Guo S, Mao W, Han Y, Zhang X, Yang C, Chen Y, Chen Y, Xu J, Li H, Qi X, Xu J. Structural characteristics and antioxidant activities of the extracellular polysaccharides produced by marine bacterium Edwardsiella tarda. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2010; 101:4729-4732. [PMID: 20156684 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.01.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2009] [Revised: 01/25/2010] [Accepted: 01/27/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Two water-soluble extracellular polysaccharides, ETW1 and ETW2, were isolated from the marine bacterium Edwardsiella tarda by ion-exchange and size-exclusion chromatography, and their structures were investigated. ETW1 and ETW2 are mannans, with molecular weights of about 29 and 70kDa, respectively. The main chain of the polysaccharides consists of (1-->3)-linked mannose residues, and branched mannose linkages were also detected. The branch points are located at the C-2 and C-6 positions of the (1-->3)-linked mannose residues. The side chains are composed of (1-->2)-linked mannose residues and (1-->)-linked mannose residues. Antioxidant properties of the two extracellular polysaccharides were evaluated with hydroxyl and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals scavenging activities and lipid peroxidation inhibition in vitro, and results showed that ETW1 and ETW2 had good antioxidant and hydroxyl and DPPH radicals scavenging activities. ETW1 exhibited higher antioxidant activity than ETW2, and could be a potential source of antioxidant and used as possible food supplement or ingredient in the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoudong Guo
- College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
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