101
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Fu W, Zhao H, Liu Y, Nie H, Gao B, Yin F, Wang B, Li T, Zhang T, Wang L, Wu X, Zhu M, Xia L. Exosomes Derived from Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Regulate Cell Progression in Clear-Cell Renal-Cell Carcinoma. Nephron Clin Pract 2021; 146:383-392. [PMID: 34903693 DOI: 10.1159/000520304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Exosomes from multiple sources function as regulatory factors in progression of various tumors. However, studies on the impact of exosomes from cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) on tumor-cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and cycle regulation in clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma (ccRCC) are still lacking. METHODS A Western blot assay was performed to test the exosome-related marker protein level in exosomes derived from CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs). A confocal microscope was utilized to observe the internalization of CAF- and NF-derived exosomes after coculturing with cancer cells. MTT, EdU, colony formation, and transwell assays were conducted to detect progression of cancer cells incubated with CAF-derived exosomes. A Western blot assay was also conducted to test expression levels of metastasis-associated proteins. Changes in cell apoptosis and cell cycle were measured by flow cytometry. RESULTS Expression of CAF-derived exosome-related marker proteins was higher than that from NFs. Exosomes derived from CAFs and NFs could enter into cancer cells smoothly and be internalized by cancer cells. After cancer cells were cocultured with CAF-derived exosomes, cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were notably enhanced, and cell apoptosis was reduced. Moreover, expression of fibronectin, N-cadherin, vimentin, MMP9, and MMP2 in cancer cells increased, while E-cadherin was decreased. Besides, the proportion of cancer cells in the S phase increased. CONCLUSION CAF-derived exosomes are internalized into ccRCC cells and promote the progression of ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Fu
- Department of Urology Surgery, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Haihong Zhao
- Department of Hemodialysis, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Yifei Liu
- Department of Urology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Honglin Nie
- Department of Health Management, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Urology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, China,
| | - Feng Yin
- Department of Urology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Baocun Wang
- Department of Urology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Tengfei Li
- Department of Urology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of Urology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Urology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Xiaotang Wu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengjiao Zhu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Translation, Shanghai, China
| | - Lianjie Xia
- Department of Urology Surgery, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, China
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102
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Meng F, Xiao Y, Xie L, Liu Q, Qian K. Diagnostic and prognostic value of ABC transporter family member ABCG1 gene in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Channels (Austin) 2021; 15:375-385. [PMID: 33825659 PMCID: PMC8032227 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2021.1909301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As the most common histologic subtype of renal cancer, clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) poses a serious threat to public health. However, there are no specific molecular-targeted drugs for ccRCC at present. Human ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family plays an important role in homeostasis maintenance. This study aimed to evaluate the potential diagnostic value of ABC genes in ccRCC. A total of 952 samples of ccRCC patients (707) and controls (245) from three different datasets were included for analysis. Receiver operating characteristic analysis and t-test were used to analyze the differential expression of ABC genes in ccRCC patients and control samples at mRNA level during screening and validations. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA-ccRCC) dataset was utilized to investigate the correlation between ABC genes expression and prognostic value in ccRCC. We then investigated the interactions between ABCG1 and proteins in the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD). Finally, we found that ATP-binding cassette transporter G member 1 (ABCG1) was over-expressed in ccRCC patients compared with healthy samples at mRNA level. Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that ccRCC patients with high ABCG1 expression had better overall survival (OS) than those patients with low expression (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.662, p = 0.007). This study demonstrated that ABCG1 is a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in ccRCC and discussed the molecular mechanisms underlying the relationship between ccRCC and ABCG1, which might provide guidance for better management and treatment of ccRCC in the future.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/pathology
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/diagnosis
- Kidney Neoplasms/genetics
- Kidney Neoplasms/pathology
- Kidney Neoplasms/metabolism
- Kidney Neoplasms/diagnosis
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 1/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 1/metabolism
- Prognosis
- Male
- Female
- Middle Aged
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
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Affiliation(s)
- Fucheng Meng
- Department of Infection Control, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yafei Xiao
- Department of Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Longxiang Xie
- Department of Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Keli Qian
- Department of Infection Control, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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103
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MicroRNA as a Biomarker for Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Purpose in Urinary Tract Cancer. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9122136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of urologic cancers, including kidney, upper tract urothelial, and bladder malignancies, is increasing globally, with a high percentage of cases showing metastasis upon diagnosis and low five-year survival rates. MicroRNA (miRNA), a small non-coding RNA, was found to regulate the expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in several tumors, including cancers of the urinary system. In the current review, we comprehensively discuss the recently reported up-or down-regulated miRNAs as well as their possible targets and regulated pathways involved in the development, progression, and metastasis of urinary tract cancers. These miRNAs represent potential therapeutic targets and diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers that may help in efficient and early diagnosis in addition to better treatment outcomes.
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104
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Che X, Su W, Li X, Liu N, Wang Q, Wu G. Angiogenesis Pathway in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma and Its Prognostic Value for Cancer Risk Prediction. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:731214. [PMID: 34778292 PMCID: PMC8581140 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.731214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, a process highly regulated by pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors, is disrupted and dysregulated in cancer. Despite the increased clinical use of angiogenesis inhibitors in cancer therapy, most molecularly targeted drugs have been less effective than expected. Therefore, an in-depth exploration of the angiogenesis pathway is warranted. In this study, the expression of angiogenesis-related genes in various cancers was explored using The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets, whereupon it was found that most of them were protective genes in the patients with kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC). We divided the samples from the KIRC dataset into three clusters according to the mRNA expression levels of these genes, with the enrichment scores being in the order of Cluster 2 (upregulated expression) > Cluster 3 (normal expression) > Cluster 1 (downregulated expression). The survival curves plotted for the three clusters revealed that the patients in Cluster 2 had the highest overall survival rates. Via a sensitivity analysis of the drugs listed on the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer database, we generated IC50 estimates for 12 commonly used molecularly targeted drugs for KIRC in the three clusters, which can provide a more personalized treatment plan for the patients according to angiogenesis-related gene expression. Subsequently, we investigated the correlation between the angiogenesis pathway and classical cancer-related genes as well as that between the angiogenesis score and immune cell infiltration. Finally, we used the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)-Cox regression analysis to construct a risk score model for predicting the survival of patients with KIRC. According to the areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, this new survival model based on the angiogenesis-related genes had high prognostic prediction value. Our results should provide new avenues for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of patients with KIRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Che
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wenyan Su
- Department of Nephrology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Nana Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qifei Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Guangzhen Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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105
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Development and validation of ferroptosis-related lncRNAs prognosis signatures in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:591. [PMID: 34736453 PMCID: PMC8567554 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02284-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ferroptosis is a recently recognised new type of cell death which may be a potential target for cancer therapy. In the present study, we aimed to screen ferroptosis-related differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs as biomarkers to predict the outcome of kidney renal clear cell carcinoma. Methods RNAseq count data and corresponding clinical information were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas database. Lists of ferroptosis-related genes and long non-coding RNAs were obtained from the FerrDb and GENCODE databases, respectively. The candidate prognostic signatures were screened by Cox regression analyses and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analyses. Results Three ferroptosis-related long non-coding RNAs (DUXAP8, LINC02609, and LUCAT1) were significantly correlated with the overall survival of kidney renal clear cell carcinoma independently. Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma patients with high-risk values displayed worse OS. Meanwhile, the expression of these three ferroptosis-related long non-coding RNAs and their risk scores were significantly correlated with clinicopathological features. Principal component analyses showed that patients with kidney renal clear cell carcinoma have differential risk values were well distinguished by the three ferroptosis-related long non-coding RNAs. Conclusions The present study suggests that the risk assessment model constructed by these three ferroptosis-related long non-coding RNAs could accurately predict the outcome of kidney renal clear cell carcinoma. We also provide a novel perspective for cancer prognosis screening. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-02284-1.
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106
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Cui Q, Wang C, Liu S, Du R, Tian S, Chen R, Geng H, Subramanian S, Niu Y, Wang Y, Yue D. YBX1 knockdown induces renal cell carcinoma cell apoptosis via Kindlin-2. Cell Cycle 2021; 20:2413-2427. [PMID: 34709966 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2021.1985771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Among urological tumors, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the third-highest mortality rate tumor, and 20%-30% of RCC patients present with metastases at the time of diagnosis. While the treatment of RCC has been improved over the last few years, its mortality stays high. Y-box binding protein 1 (YBX1) is a well-known oncoprotein that has tumor-promoting functions. YBX1 is widely considered to be an attractive therapeutic target in cancer. To develop novel therapeutics to target YBX1, it is of great importance to understand how YBX1 is finely regulated in cancer. Our previous studies showed that YBX1 in RCC cells significantly promoted cell adhesion, migration, and invasion. However, the role of YBX1 in RCC cells apoptosis has not been reported. In this study, we investigated the effect of YBX1 on cell apoptosis and elucidated the mechanisms involved. Results showed that YBX1 regulated RCC cells apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation via Kindlin-2. These findings indicated that YBX1 inhibited RCC cells apoptosis and may serve as a candidate RCC prognostic marker and a potential therapeutic target. Abbreviations: RCC: Renal cell carcinoma; YBX1: Y-box binding protein 1; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; ccRCC: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma; mccRCC: Metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma; G3BP1: Ras-GTPase activating protein SH3 domain-binding proteins 1; SPP1: Secreted phosphoprotein 1; NF-κB: Nuclear factor kappa beta; ECM: Extracellular matrix; EMT: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition; PYCR1: Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1; MEM: Eagle's Minimum Essential Medium; DMEM: Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium; FBS: Fetal bovine serum; PCR: Polymerase chain reaction; shRNA: Short hairpin RNA; siRNA: Small interfering RNA; BSA: Bovine serum albumin; DCFH-DA: 2,7-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate; FITC: Fluorescein isothiocyanate; PI: Propidium iodide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Cui
- The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology and School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin China
| | - Chao Wang
- The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology and School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin China
| | - Shuang Liu
- The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology and School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin China
| | - Runxuan Du
- The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology and School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin China
| | - Shaoping Tian
- The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology and School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin China
| | - Ruibing Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin China
| | - Hua Geng
- Center for Intestinal and Liver Inflammation Research, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Saravanan Subramanian
- Center for Intestinal and Liver Inflammation Research, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yuanjie Niu
- The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology and School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin China
| | - Yong Wang
- The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology and School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin China
| | - Dan Yue
- The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology and School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin China
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107
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Asencio JM, González J, Herranz-Amo F, Hernández-Fernández C. Retrohepatic inferior vena cava control through an anterior approach in cases of renal cell carcinoma with level IIIa tumor thrombus: Step-by-step description. Actas Urol Esp 2021; 45:587-596. [PMID: 34697007 DOI: 10.1016/j.acuroe.2021.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the retrohepatic inferior vena cava control through an anterior approach (RIVCA) technique in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with level IIIa tumor thrombus. PATIENTS AND METHODS Initial series of 6 cases presenting RCC and level IIIa tumor thrombus who underwent radical nephrectomy and tumor thrombectomy using the RIVCA technique between 2018-2019. RIVCA technique aims to gain complete control of the retrohepatic inferior vena cava above the cranial end of the tumor thrombus, but excluding the major hepatic veins in order to preserve the natural hepato-caval shunt. A step-by-step description of the procedure is provided. Disease features, operative characteristics, and surgical outcomes were registered prospectively. RESULTS Radical nephrectomy and tumor thrombectomy were completed in all cases. RIVCA technique did not increase operative time significantly (range: 14-22 min). Mean estimated blood loss was 325 cc (range: 250-400). Blood transfusion was not required intraoperatively in any of the cases. Mean postoperative transfusion rate was 1.3 red blood cells packed units (range: 0-2). There were no cases of intraoperative pulmonary embolism or major complications (Clavien-Dindo III-V) in the period of 30 days postoperatively. Median postoperative length of stay was 8 days (range: 5-11). CONCLUSIONS The RIVCA technique applied to cases of RCC and level IIIa tumor thrombus provides complete control of the retrohepatic inferior vena cava above the tumor thrombus cranial end, while prevents intraoperative hemodynamic instability by maintaining cardiac preload through the porto-caval shunt. This technique may limit operative morbidity (intraoperative pulmonary embolism and massive hemorrhage), thus becoming a helpful adjunct to be used in cases of RCC with level IIIa tumor thrombus.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Asencio
- Sección de Cirugía Hepato-Bilio-Pancreática, Unidad de Trasplante Hepático, Servicio de Cirugía General y Aparato Digestivo, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - J González
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Unidad de Trasplante Renal, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Herranz-Amo
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Unidad de Trasplante Renal, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Hernández-Fernández
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
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108
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Gao J, Ye F, Han F, Wang X, Jiang H, Zhang J. A Novel Radiogenomics Biomarker Based on Hypoxic-Gene Subset: Accurate Survival and Prognostic Prediction of Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:739815. [PMID: 34692518 PMCID: PMC8529272 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.739815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To construct a novel radiogenomics biomarker based on hypoxic-gene subset for the accurate prognostic prediction of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Materials and Methods Initially, we screened for the desired hypoxic-gene subset by analysis using the GSEA database. Through univariate and multivariate cox regression hazard ratio analysis, survival-related hypoxia genes were identified, and a genomics signature was constructed in the TCGA database. Building on this, a hypoxia-gene related radiogenomics biomarker (prediction of hypoxia-genes signature by contrast-enhanced CT radiomics) was constructed in the TCIA-KIRC database by extracting features in the venous phase of contrast-enhanced CT images, selecting features using the mRMR and LASSO algorithms, and building logistic regression models. Finally, we validated the prognostic capability of the new biomarker for patients with ccRCC in an independent validation cohort at Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China. Results The hypoxia-related genomics signature consisting of five genes (IFT57, PABPN1, RNF10, RNF19B and UBE2T) was shown to be significantly associated with survival for patients with ccRCC in the TCGA database, delineated by grouping of the signature expression as either low- or high-risk. In the TCIA database, we constructed a radiogenomics biomarker consisting of 13 radiomics features that were optimal predictors of hypoxia-gene signature expression levels (low- or high-risk) in patients at each institution, that demonstrated AUC values of 0.91 and 0.91 in the training and validation groups, respectively. In the independent validation cohort at Huashan Hospital, our radiogenomics biomarker was significantly associated with prognosis in patients with ccRCC (p=0.0059). Conclusions The novel prognostic radiogenomics biomarker that was constructed achieved excellent correlation with prognosis in both the cohort of TCGA/TCIA-KIRC database and the independent validation cohort of Huashan hospital patients with ccRCC. It is anticipated that this work may assist in clinical preferential treatment decisions and promote the process of precision theranostics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Gao
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangdie Ye
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Han
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Wang
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haowen Jiang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawen Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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109
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Sundet A, McConnell J, Walker K, Lindeque B. Intraoperative Cryotherapy in the Treatment of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma of the Bone. Orthopedics 2021; 44:e645-e652. [PMID: 34590940 DOI: 10.3928/01477447-20210817-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Osseous metastases in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are a heterogeneous mix of cells with hypervascular and rapidly destructive properties that frequently exhibit resistance to both radiation and chemotherapy. Despite this, some patients with isolated and oligometastatic disease have the potential to be cured. Regardless, aggressive metastatic control is critical to minimizing morbidity and mortality for all patients with metastatic RCC. Percutaneous cryoprobes were developed as a minimally invasive technique for both pain relief and tumor control. However, there is little evidence describing an alternative use of this technology in the operating room to assist with open tumor resections, and no formal role for its use in orthopedics exists. Therefore, the authors added this modality to their intraoperative treatment of osseous RCC to investigate whether it would influence their ability to obtain local metastatic control. The authors performed a retrospective chart review of prospectively obtained data to evaluate the role of intraoperative cryotherapy in the treatment of osseous RCC. From 2004 to 2017, cryotherapy was used in 43 procedures, alleviating the need for additional radiation 84% (36 of 43) of the time. Local tumor control was achieved in 100% (43 of 43) of cases. There were 2 wound-related complications and 1 pathologic fracture. Despite the study's limitations, the authors believe that cryotherapy contributed to the reliability and reproducibility of their intralesional resections. Given the palliative, and potentially curative, opportunities afforded by complete locoregional tumor control, the authors support further investigation into the use of intraoperative cryotherapy to treat osseous metastases secondary to RCC. [Orthopedics. 2021;44(5):e645-e652.].
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110
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Song Q, Zheng Y, Wu J, Wang S, Meng L, Yao Q, Li Z, Lian S. PTP4A3 Is a Prognostic Biomarker Correlated With Immune Infiltrates in Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Immunol 2021; 12:717688. [PMID: 34630392 PMCID: PMC8495008 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.717688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PTP4A3 plays an important role in the tumorigenesis and metastasis of multiple tumors, but its prognostic role in renal cancer is not well understood. We utilized the Oncomine and Tumor Immunoassay Resource databases to examine the differential expression of PTP4A3 in tumor tissues and normal tissues in breast, urinary tract, gastrointestinal tract and skin. Using the GEPIA and PrognoScan databases, the independent prognostic role of PTP4A3 was confirmed in clear cell renal cell cancer and papillary renal cell cancer. Expression of PTP4A3 were obviously higher in tumor tissue compare with normal tissues (P=0.028). We haven’t found the associations of PTP4A3 and clinicopathological features in our IHC cohort. Ectopic expression of PTP4A3 promotes proliferation, migration and invasion and increased the mRNA level of TGFB1 in RCC cell lines. Immunohistochemical staining indicated that the expression of PTP4A3 associates with CD3+ (P =0.037)/CD8+ (P =0.037) intratumor TILs, not with invasive margins in renal cancer. Comprehensive analysis of immune infiltration in the TIMER database correlated PTP4A3 expression with the infiltration of B cells, CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells and neutrophils in both clear cell renal cell carcinoma and papillary renal cell carcinoma. PTP4A3 expression was associated with the infiltration of dendritic cells in papillary renal cell carcinoma. We further confirmed that the infiltration of B cells and CD8+ T cells was associated with poor prognosis in papillary renal cell carcinoma patients, consistent with the prognostic role of PTP4A3 in papillary renal cell carcinoma. PTP4A3 expression correlated genes involved in B cells, monocytes, M1 macrophages, Th2 and Treg cells in papillary renal cell carcinoma. These results suggest PTP4A3 as a prognostic factor with a role in regulating immune cell infiltration in papillary renal cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital); Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yutian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Junzhou Wu
- Cancer Research Institute, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital); Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital); Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Meng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Yao
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongwu Li
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Shenyi Lian
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
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111
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Tan Y, Li L, Liu H, Yu J, Wang Q, Lin Q. Chinese Medicine Leptochloa chinensis Inhibits the Malignant Behaviors of Renal Cell Carcinoma 786-O Cells by Regulating the mTOR Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:5122380. [PMID: 34675984 PMCID: PMC8526199 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5122380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common malignant tumor of the urinary system that seriously threatens human life and health. This study aims to explore the role of the traditional Chinese medicine Leptochloa chinensis in the pathogenesis of RCC. Meanwhile, this study also revealed the molecular biological mechanism of its antitumor activity. METHODS Human RCC 786-O cells were cultured in the RPMI-1640 medium, which contains different concentrations of Leptochloa chinensis (1,000, 3,000, and 9,000 μg/ml). MTT and flow cytometry assays were used to detect the viability of 786-O cells. Transwell and wound healing assays were used to detect cell metastasis. The protein expression was observed by western blot analysis. RESULTS Leptochloa can inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in RCC 786-O cells. In addition, Leptochloa can weaken the migration and invasion of 786-O cells. More importantly, Leptochloa can block the mTOR pathway by inhibiting the protein expression of p-mTOR. Moreover, the high concentration of Leptochloa chinensis has a better inhibitory effect on 786-O cells. CONCLUSION The traditional Chinese medicine Leptochloa chinensis inhibits the viability and metastasis of 786-O cells by blocking the mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongshun Tan
- Department of Nephrology, Jinan City People's Hospital, Jinan People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 271199, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lingyun Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Laishan Branch Hospital of Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, 264003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hongyue Liu
- Disinfection Supply Center, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jiadong Yu
- Personnel Section, Zhangqiu District People's Hospital, Jinan, 250200, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qijun Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Zhangqiu District People's Hospital, Jinan 250200, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qiuju Lin
- Department of Oncology (II), Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong Province, China
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Xu Z, Ye J, Bao P, Wu Q, Xie F, Li P. Long non-coding RNA SNHG3 promotes the progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma via regulating BIRC5 expression. Transl Cancer Res 2021; 10:4502-4513. [PMID: 35116306 PMCID: PMC8798718 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-21-1802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Research has shown that the progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is modulated by long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). However, the roles of specific lncRNAs in the malignancy of ccRCC are still unknown. Methods TCGA and GSE66272 datasets were used to predict differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ccRCC. ENCORI database was employed to display BIRC5 miRNA network and potential lncRNA interactions for miRNAs. KM plotter and correlation analyses were performed to identify the overall survival (OS)- and BIRC5-related miRNAs. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to verify the BIRC5 mRNA in the seventy paired clinical samples of ccRCC tissues. The ccRCC A498 and 786-O were individually transfected with lncRNA SNHG3 and LINC00997 and then western blotting was used to detect the BIRC5 protein expression. The Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to examine the regulatory interaction between lncRNA SNHG3 and microRNA (miRNA/miR)-10b-5p. Results BICR5 is associated with the progression of ccRCC. The two novel lncRNAs (LINC00997, SNHG3) were up-regulated in ccRCC tissues and positively with the BICR5 protein expression. However, Suppressing SNHG3 expression reduced BIRC5 protein expression compared with the LINC00997, most importantly, Suppressing SNHG3 expression suppressed tumor progression in vitro. In addition, SNHG3 promotes the expression of BIRC5 protein by sponging microRNA-10b-5p. Conclusions Our findings suggest that SNHG3 plays a vital role in promoting ccRCC via the microRNA-10b-5p/BIRC5 axis and may serve as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of patients with ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyu Xu
- Department of Urology, Lishui People's Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Junjie Ye
- Department of Urology, Lishui People's Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Pengfei Bao
- Department of Urology, Lishui People's Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Urology, Lishui People's Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Fuchen Xie
- Department of Urology, Lishui People's Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Urology, Lishui People's Hospital, Lishui, China
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113
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Fiedorowicz M, Wieteska M, Rylewicz K, Kossowski B, Piątkowska-Janko E, Czarnecka AM, Toczylowska B, Bogorodzki P. Hyperpolarized 13C tracers: Technical advancements and perspectives for clinical applications. Biocybern Biomed Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbe.2021.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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114
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Integrated mRNA and miRNA Transcriptomic Analyses Reveals Divergent Mechanisms of Sunitinib Resistance in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC). Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174401. [PMID: 34503211 PMCID: PMC8430814 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a frequent cancer that causes more than 100,000 deaths every year. Treatment with drugs that target enzymes that help tumours grow such as sunitinib have greatly improved the prospects for ccRCC patients, however a large proportion of patients become resistant. We created sunitinib resistant cell lines and identified consequent changes in gene (and miRNA) expression by microarray analyses. Using this approach, we identified different pathways of resistance suggesting that tumour cells have many ways to overcome sunitinib treatment. We were able to overcome resistance in cells by inhibiting a protein, PD-L1, that is targeted by many immunotherapeutics currently in use for ccRCC patients suggesting a combination of immunotherapy and sunitinib may benefit patients. In addition, we identified miRNAs that are common to multiple resistance mechanisms suggesting they may be useful targets for future studies. Abstract The anti-angiogenic therapy sunitinib remains the standard first-line treatment for meta static clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). However, acquired resistance develops in nearly all responsive patients and represents a major source of treatment failure. We used an integrated miRNA and mRNA transcriptomic approach to identify miRNA:target gene interactions involved in sunitinib resistance. Through the generation of stably resistant clones in three ccRCC cell lines (786-O, A498 and Caki-1), we identified non-overlapping miRNA:target gene networks, suggesting divergent mechanisms of sunitinib resistance. Surprisingly, even though the genes involved in these networks were different, they shared targeting by multiple members of the miR-17~92 cluster. In 786-O cells, targeted genes were related to hypoxia/angiogenic pathways, whereas, in Caki-1 cells, they were related to inflammatory/proliferation pathways. The immunotherapy target PD-L1 was consistently up-regulated in resistant cells, and we demonstrated that the silencing of this gene resulted in an increase in sensitivity to sunitinib treatment only in 786-O-resistant cells, suggesting that some ccRCC patients might benefit from combination therapy with PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors. In summary, we demonstrate that, although there are clearly divergent mechanisms of sunitinib resistance in ccRCC subtypes, the commonality of miRNAs in multiple pathways could be targeted to overcome sunitinib resistance.
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115
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Zhang Y, Chen Z, Chen JG, Chen XF, Gu DH, Liu ZM, Gao YD, Zheng B. Ceruloplasmin overexpression is associated with oncogenic pathways and poorer survival rates in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:2988-3004. [PMID: 34449964 PMCID: PMC8564342 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most prevalent renal malignancy. The pathogenesis of the disease is currently poorly understood, and the prognosis is poor. Therefore, in this study, we focused on exploring and identifying genes and signal transduction pathways that are closely related to ccRCC. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed using the renal cell oncogene expression profiles GSE100666 and GSE68417. DAVID evaluation of gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses was used. We constructed a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGS using Cytoscape software and analyzed the submodules with the CytoHubba plugin. Finally, we performed western blot, immunohistochemistry, and PCR validation by collecting tissues, and also utilized cells for in vitro functional analysis of ceruloplasmin (CP). In total, 202 DEGs (52 upregulated and 150 downregulated genes) were identified. Upregulated DEGs are significantly rich in angiogenesis, cell adhesion, and response to hypoxia, whereas downregulated DEGs are involved in intracellular pH regulation, excretion, coagulation, and chloride transmembrane transport. We selected the interactions of the top 20 hub genes provided by the PPI network, all of which are involved in important physiological pathways in vivo, such as complement and coagulation cascades. Tissue protein assays demonstrated that renal cancer highly expressed CP, while in vitro experiments showed that CP could promote the invasion of renal cancer cells. Our study suggests that ALB, C3, LOX, HRG, CXCR4, GPC3, SLC12A3, CP, and CASR may be involved in the development of ccRCC, and is expected to provide theoretical support for future studies on the diagnosis and targeted therapy of ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China.,Department of Medical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China
| | - Zhan Chen
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China.,Department of Medical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China
| | - Jian-Gang Chen
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China
| | - Xin-Feng Chen
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China
| | - Dong-Hua Gu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China
| | - Zhen-Min Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China
| | - Ya-Dong Gao
- Department of Medical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China
| | - Bing Zheng
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China
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116
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Asencio JM, González J, Herranz-Amo F, Hernández-Fernández C. Retrohepatic inferior vena cava control through an anterior approach in cases of renal cell carcinoma with level iiia tumor thrombus: Step-by-step description. Actas Urol Esp 2021; 45:S0210-4806(21)00101-7. [PMID: 34334240 DOI: 10.1016/j.acuro.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the retrohepatic inferior vena cava control through an anterior approach (RIVCA) technique in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with level iiia tumor thrombus. PATIENTS AND METHODS Initial series of 6 cases presenting RCC and level iiia tumor thrombus who underwent radical nephrectomy and tumor thrombectomy using the RIVCA technique between 2018-2019. RIVCA technique aims to gain complete control of the retrohepatic inferior vena cava above the cranial end of the tumor thrombus, but excluding the major hepatic veins in order to preserve the natural hepato-caval shunt. A step-by-step description of the procedure is provided. Disease features, operative characteristics, and surgical outcomes were registered prospectively. RESULTS Radical nephrectomy and tumor thrombectomy were completed in all cases. RIVCA technique did not increase operative time significantly (range: 14-22min). Mean estimated blood loss was 325cc (range: 250-400). Blood transfusion was not required intraoperatively in any of the cases. Mean postoperative transfusion rate was 1.3 red blood cells packed units (range: 0-2). There were no cases of intraoperative pulmonary embolism or major complications (Clavien-Dindo III-V) in the period of 30 days postoperatively. Median postoperative length of stay was 8 days (range: 5-11). CONCLUSIONS The RIVCA technique applied to cases of RCC and level iiia tumor thrombus provides complete control of the retrohepatic inferior vena cava above the tumor thrombus cranial end, while prevents intraoperative hemodynamic instability by maintaining cardiac preload through the porto-caval shunt. This technique may limit operative morbidity (intraoperative pulmonary embolism and massive hemorrhage), thus becoming a helpful adjunct to be used in cases of RCC with level iiia tumor thrombus.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Asencio
- Sección de Cirugía Hepato-Bilio-Pancreática, Unidad de Trasplante Hepático, Servicio de Cirugía General y Aparato Digestivo, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España; Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España.
| | - J González
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España; Unidad de Trasplante Renal, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España
| | - F Herranz-Amo
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España; Unidad de Trasplante Renal, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España
| | - C Hernández-Fernández
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España; Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España
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117
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Gao B, Wang L, Zhang Y, Zhang N, Han M, Liu H, Sun D, Liu Y. MiR-532-3p suppresses cell viability, migration and invasion of clear cell renal cell carcinoma through targeting TROAP. Cell Cycle 2021; 20:1578-1588. [PMID: 34287099 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2021.1953767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a subtype of renal cell cancer with the highest mortality, infiltration, and metastasis rate, threatening human health. Despite oncogenic role of TROAP in various cancers, its function in ccRCC remains to be unraveled. The differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) and miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) were obtained by analyzing the related data sets of ccRCC in TCGA. The expression levels of mRNAs and miRNAs in the cell were detected by qRT-PCR, while the protein levels were characterized by western blot. The viability, migratory and invasive abilities of ccRCC cells were determined by MTT, wound healing and cell invasion assays. The combination of miRNA target site prediction and dual-luciferase reporter gene assay verified the binding relationship between miR-532-3p and TROAP. Research on ccRCC displayed that TROAP expression was upregulated, while miR-532-3p was down-regulated. Besides, upregulation of TROAP could accelerate viability, migratory and invasive potentials of ccRCC cells. On the contrary, miR-532-3p could downregulate TROAP level, but TROAP upregulation reversed the viability, migration, and invasion of ccRCC cells. MiR-532-3p could attenuate the viability, migration and invasion of ccRCC cells by targeting TROAP. This may generate novel insights into molecular therapeutic targets for ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Gao
- Department of Urology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Urology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Yubo Zhang
- Department of Urology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Urology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Miaomiao Han
- Department of Urology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Huancai Liu
- Department of Urology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Dongli Sun
- Department of Urology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Yifei Liu
- Department of Urology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, P.R. China
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Study on HOXBs of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma and Detection of New Molecular Target. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:5541423. [PMID: 34306077 PMCID: PMC8282400 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5541423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Our study examined the transcriptional and survival data of HOXBs in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) from the ONCOMINE database, Human Protein Atlas, and STRING website. We discovered that the expression levels of HOXB3/5/6/8/9 were significantly lower in ccRCC than in normal nephritic tissues. In ccRCC, patients with a high expression of HOXB2/5/6/7/8/9 mRNA have a higher overall survival (OS) than patients with low expression. Further analysis by the GSCALite website revealed that the methylation of HOXB3/5/6/8 in ccRCC was significantly negatively correlated to gene expression, while HOXB5/9 was positively correlated to the CCT036477 drug target. As DNA abnormal methylation is one of the mechanisms of tumorigenesis, we hypothesized that HOXB5/6/8/9 are potential therapeutic targets for patients with ccRCC. We analyzed the function of enrichment data of HOXBs in patients with ccRCC from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment and the PANTHER pathway. The results of the analysis show that the function of HOXBs might be associated with the Wnt pathway and that HOXB5/6/8/9 was coexpressed with multiple Wnt pathway classical genes and proteins, such as MYC, CTNNB, Cyclin D1 (CCND1), and tumor protein P53 (TP53), which further confirms that HOXBs inhibit the growth of renal carcinoma cells through the Wnt signaling pathway. In conclusion, our analysis of the family of HOXBs and their molecular mechanism may provide a theoretical basis for further research.
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Chen C, Zheng H. LncRNA LINC00944 Promotes Tumorigenesis but Suppresses Akt Phosphorylation in Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:697962. [PMID: 34291088 PMCID: PMC8287069 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.697962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a kind of RNA that possesses longer than 200 nucleotides and lacks protein coding function. It was recognized as a junk sequence for a long time. Recent studies have found that lncRNAs are actively functioning in almost every aspect of cell biology and involved in a variety of biological functions. LncRNAs are closely related to a variety of human diseases, especially tumors. Recently, lncRNAs are being increasingly reported in renal cancer. In our study, we identified the expression of lncRNA LINC00944 is significantly elevated in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tissues and cell lines and high LINC00944 expression is significantly correlated with the tumor stage and prognosis of RCC. The knockdown of LINC00944 by CRISPR/dCas9-KRAB in higher expressing 786-O and 769-P RCC cells could significantly decrease proliferation and migration and also promote phosphorylation of Akt compared with the control group. Our study is the first to report the function of lncRNA LINC00944 in RCC. And we provide clinicopathological and experimental evidence that lncRNA LINC00944 acts as an oncogene in RCC, suggesting that targeting lncRNA LINC00944 expression might be a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiheng Chen
- Department of Urology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hanxiong Zheng
- Department of Urology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
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120
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Kim S, Han S, Kim H, Suh HS. Cost-Effectiveness and Value of Information of Cabozantinib Treatment for Patients with Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma After Failure of Prior Therapy in South Korea. APPLIED HEALTH ECONOMICS AND HEALTH POLICY 2021; 19:545-555. [PMID: 33651367 DOI: 10.1007/s40258-021-00640-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the cost-effectiveness and value of information of cabozantinib compared to nivolumab in advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients, who previously failed treatment from a societal perspective in South Korea. METHODS A partitioned survival model was used to evaluate the incremental cost-utility ratio (ICUR) of cabozantinib versus nivolumab. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) curves were obtained from a network meta-analysis that included METEOR and CheckMate 025 trial results. Utility values for health states and adverse events were estimated based on the EQ-5D-5L data of METEOR trial with a Korean-specific tariff. Costs were estimated by a micro-costing approach using healthcare claims data and expert consultation. The impact of uncertainties in the model were explored by scenario analyses, and deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses. The expected value of perfect information (EVPI) was estimated to assess the value of future research to decrease decision uncertainty. RESULTS Compared to nivolumab, cabozantinib was associated with improved OS, PFS, and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) at greater cost. The ICUR was $34,445 per QALY. In sensitivity analysis, drug costs had the greatest influence on the ICUR. Cabozantinib had a 68.0% probability of being cost-effective at a threshold of 2 times gross domestic product (GDP) per capita. The population EVPI was $82.6 million at 2 GDP threshold. CONCLUSIONS Cabozantinib was found to be cost-effective for advanced RCC patients after failure of prior therapy at a 2 GDP threshold. Future research that costs less than the estimated population EVPI would be worth considering for a comparison of cabozantinib and nivolumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siin Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, South Korea
| | - Sola Han
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyungtae Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, South Korea
| | - Hae Sun Suh
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Zhao T, Zhou Y, Wang Q, Yi X, Ge S, He H, Xue S, Du B, Ge J, Dong J, Qu L, Wang L, Zhou W. QPCT regulation by CTCF leads to sunitinib resistance in renal cell carcinoma by promoting angiogenesis. Int J Oncol 2021; 59:48. [PMID: 34036385 PMCID: PMC8208629 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2021.5228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sunitinib is widely used as a first‑line treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, a number of patients with RCC who receive sunitinib develop drug resistance; and the biological mechanisms involved in resistance to sunitinib remain unclear. It has previously been suggested that the protein glutaminyl‑peptide cyclotransferase (QPCT) is closely related to sunitinib resistance in RCC. Thus, in the present study, in order to further examine the molecular mechanisms responsible for sunitinib resistance in RCC, sunitinib‑non‑responsive and ‑responsive RCC tissue and plasma samples were collected and additional experiments were performed in order to elucidate the molecular mechanisms responsible for sunitinib resistance in RCC. The upstream and downstream regulatory mechanisms of QPCT were also evaluated. On the whole, the data from the present study suggest that QPCT, CCCTC‑binding factor (CTCF) and phosphatidylinositol‑4,5‑bisphosphate 3‑kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) may be used as targets for predicting, reversing and treating sunitinib‑resistant RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tangliang Zhao
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Yulin Zhou
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
- Department of Urology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Qingyun Wang
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Yi
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Silun Ge
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Haowei He
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Song Xue
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Bowen Du
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Jingping Ge
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Jie Dong
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Le Qu
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Linhui Wang
- Department of Urology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
| | - Wenquan Zhou
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
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LncRNA ITGB2-AS1 promotes the progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma by modulating miR-328-5p/HMGA1 axis. Hum Cell 2021; 34:1545-1557. [PMID: 34170494 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-021-00563-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common histologic subtype of renal cell carcinoma and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in the progression of ccRCC. In this study, we aim to explore the potential function of ITGB2-AS1 in ccRCC progression and its underlying molecular mechanism. We first explored the association between ITGB2-AS1 expression level and ccRCC prognosis. We found that the expression level of ITGB2-AS1 was significantly higher in ccRCC tumor and cell lines, and highly expressed ITGB2-AS1 was also associated with a poorer prognosis. Consistently, silencing ITGB2-AS1 inhibited proliferation, promoted apoptosis in ccRCC cell lines, and curbed the tumorigenesis in the Xenograft model, reduced tumorigenesis in a xenograft tumor growth model. We further identified and confirmed the miRNA miR-328-5p as a target of ITGB2-AS1, and miR-328-5p negatively regulated the expression of HMGA1 protein. The anti-tumor effect of silencing ITGB2-AS1 could be partially rescued by inhibiting miR-328-5p activity or overexpressing HMGA1, indicating that ITGB2-AS1 promotes the survival and progression of ccRCC by modulating miR-328-5p/HMGA1 axis. Collectively, our data demonstrated that ITGB2-AS1 expression level is positively correlated with the survival and tumorigenesis of ccRCC. As a target of ITGB2-AS1, miR-328-5p seems to function as a tumor-suppressor, and the oncogenic effect of ITGB2-AS1 is partially mediated via the miR-328-5p/HMGA1 axis.
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Hutson TE, Liu FX, Dieyi C, Kim R, Krulewicz S, Kasturi V, Bhanegaonkar A. Effects of early vs delayed progression on clinical and economic outcomes in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors as first-line therapy: results from the IMPACT RCC claims data analysis. J Manag Care Spec Pharm 2021; 27:1171-1181. [PMID: 34165322 PMCID: PMC10394198 DOI: 10.18553/jmcp.2021.20569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: A key therapeutic goal of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) treatment is delayed disease progression. The degree to which early therapeutic success affects downstream outcomes is not well established. OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical and economic impact of early vs delayed disease progression in patients with mRCC treated with first-line (1L) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) followed by second-line (2L) therapy in the US Veterans Health Administration (VHA) database. METHODS: Adult patients newly diagnosed with mRCC who were treated with a TKI as 1L therapy and who progressed to 2L therapy from October 1, 2013, through March 31, 2018, were identified from the US VHA database. Patients were stratified by median time from initiation of 1L therapy to initiation of 2L therapy into early (median time or sooner)and delayed (longer than the median) progression cohorts. Clinical outcomes (time to 2L therapy discontinuation, time to third-line [3L] treatment initiation, and overall survival) were assessed descriptively, and health care resource utilization and costs were compared between patients in the early and those in the delayed progression cohorts. Survival analyses (Kaplan-Meier curves) were used to estimate descriptively the median time to discontinuation, time to next line of treatment, and time to death for each cohort. Multivariate analysis was performed to adjust for the influence of differences in cohort characteristics, and Cox proportional hazards models were used to descriptively assess the impact of predictive factors on clinical outcomes. RESULTS: 289 patients were included in the analysis: 145 in the early progression cohort and 144 in the delayed progression cohort. Baseline characteristics were similar between the early and delayed progression cohorts. Median time from 1L therapy initiation to 2L therapy discontinuation was 7.9 months in the early progression cohort and 18.0 months in the delayed progression cohort, whereas time from 1L therapy initiation to 3L therapy initiation was 9.4 and 21.8 months, respectively; overall survival was 19.7 and 36.4 months, respectively. Descriptive analysis revealed generally lower risks for 2L therapy discontinuation (HR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.31-0.52), 3L therapy initiation (HR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.32-0.55), and death (HR = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.33-0.64) for those with delayed progression. After adjustment for possible confounding factors, comparative analysis during the follow-up period showed that delayed progression was associated with a shorter median all-cause hospital length of stay (0.4 days vs 0.8 days for early progression; P = 0.0004), fewer pharmacy visits (3.57 vs 4.08 visits; P = 0.0266), and lower total health care costs ($10,342 vs $13,388; P = 0.0347) per patient per month. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with mRCC, early progression after 1L therapy initiation is associated with generally worse clinical outcomes and statistically significantly greater health care resource utilization and costs than delayed progression. This finding highlights the importance of initiating therapy with an optimal 1L treatment regimen that has been proven to delay disease progression. DISCLOSURES This study was sponsored by EMD Serono Inc., an affiliate of Merck KGaA, and Pfizer Inc. EMD Serono Inc. and Pfizer Inc. were involved in the study design; the collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data; the writing of the report; and the decision to submit the report for publication. Liu and Bhanegaonkar are employed by EMD Serono Inc., an affiliate of Merck KGaA. Kasturi was employed by EMD Serono Inc., an affiliate of Merck KGaA, at the time of this study. Kim and Krulewicz are employed by Pfizer Inc. Dieyi is an employee of STATinMED Research, which received consulting fees from EMD Serono Inc. and Pfizer Inc. Hutson has received grants from Pfizer Inc., Astellas Pharma Inc., Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Exelixis, Inc., and Eisai Co., Ltd., outside of this work. Data from this analysis were presented at the Virtual International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research 2020 conference, May 18-20, 2020; the virtual American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meeting, May 29-31, 2020; and AMCP Nexus 2020 Virtual, October 20-23, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frank X Liu
- EMD Serono Inc., Rockland, MA, USA; an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Vijay Kasturi
- EMD Serono Inc., Rockland, MA, USA; an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
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Wheeler SB, Spees LP, Jackson BE, Baggett CD, Wilson LE, Greiner MA, Kaye DR, Zhang T, George D, Scales CD, Pritchard JE, Dinan MA. Patterns and Predictors of Oral Anticancer Agent Use in Diverse Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma. JCO Oncol Pract 2021; 17:e1895-e1904. [PMID: 34138665 DOI: 10.1200/op.20.01082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Availability of targeted oral anticancer agents (OAAs) has transformed care for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Our objective was to identify patterns and predictors of OAA use within 12 months after mRCC was detected to understand real-world adoption of OAAs. METHODS We used a novel, North Carolina cancer registry-linked multipayer claims data resource to examine patterns of use of five oral therapies among patients with mRCC diagnosed in 2006-2015, with claims through 2016. Patients were required to have 12 months of continuous enrollment before metastatic index date. Log-Poisson models estimated unadjusted and adjusted risk ratios (RRs) for associations between patient characteristics and OAA use. In sensitivity analyses, we used a competing risk framework to estimate adjusted risk differences in OAA use. RESULTS Our population-based study of 713 patients demonstrated low (37%) OAA use during the first year after metastatic index date among both publicly and privately insured patients, with shifting patterns of use consistent with regulatory approvals over time. Compared with patients age 18-49 years, patients age 70-74 years were half likely to use OAAs (95% confidence limit [CL], 0.34 to 0.78) and patients age 80+ years were 71% less likely to use OAAs (95% CL, 0.17 to 0.50). Patients with two comorbidities (RR, 0.73; 95% CL, 0.55 to 0.98) and those with 3+ comorbidities (RR, 0.68; 95% CL, 0.50 to 0.91) were less likely to receive OAA than those without comorbidities. Patients with higher frailty also had lower OAA utilization (RR, 0.67; 95% CL, 0.52 to 0.85). CONCLUSION These findings suggest a need to better understand the system-level and provider-level drivers of OAA underuse, as well as OAA adherence and associated survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie B Wheeler
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH), Chapel Hill, NC.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Lisa P Spees
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH), Chapel Hill, NC.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - Christopher D Baggett
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, NC.,Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Lauren E Wilson
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Melissa A Greiner
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Deborah R Kaye
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC.,Department of Surgery (Urology), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Tian Zhang
- Department of Surgery (Urology), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC.,Duke Cancer Institute Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Durham, NC
| | - Daniel George
- Department of Surgery (Urology), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC.,Duke Cancer Institute Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Durham, NC
| | - Charles D Scales
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC.,Duke Cancer Institute Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Durham, NC
| | - Jessica E Pritchard
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Michaela A Dinan
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC.,Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC
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125
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Gallan AJ, Parilla M, Segal J, Ritterhouse L, Antic T. BAP1-Mutated Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Am J Clin Pathol 2021; 155:718-728. [PMID: 33210135 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqaa176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES While aberrations in the VHL gene and chromosome 3p resulting in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) are well established, we know that additional mutations in chromatin remodeling genes PBRM1, SETD2, and BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) contribute to pathogenesis in some cases. Given the known aggressive clinical behavior of BAP1-mutated CCRCC, we sought to define the pathologic phenotype of BAP1-mutated CCRCC. METHODS We identified 14 cases of molecularly proven BAP1-mutated CCRCC and investigated their clinicopathologic features. RESULTS BAP1-mutated CCRCC frequently showed papillary, tubulopapillary, or expanded nested architecture; demonstrated granular to diffusely eosinophilic cytoplasm with prominent eosinophilic globules; and contained high-grade nuclei. This morphology demonstrates significant overlap with Xp11 translocation renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Immunohistochemistry notably demonstrates loss of BAP1 expression in almost all tumors, in addition to strong p504S expression. A conventional CCRCC component was frequently present adjacent to the characteristic BAP1 areas and showed retained BAP1 expression and only patchy p504S. Approximately two-thirds of BAP1-mutated CCRCCs were stage pT3, renal vein invasion was common, and 50% developed metastases. CONCLUSIONS Herein, we describe the histologic and immunohistochemical findings in BAP1-mutated CCRCC, which has important implications for utilization of molecular testing, prognosis, future therapeutics, and distinction from other RCC subtypes such as Xp11 translocation RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Megan Parilla
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Jeremy Segal
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Tatjana Antic
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
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Thomas HS, Lee AW, Nabavizadeh B, Namiri NK, Hakam N, Martin-Tuite P, Rios N, Enriquez A, Mmonu NA, Cohen AJ, Breyer BN. Characterizing online crowdfunding campaigns for patients with kidney cancer. Cancer Med 2021; 10:4564-4574. [PMID: 34102000 PMCID: PMC8267118 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer patients incur high care costs; however, there is a paucity of literature characterizing unmet financial obligations for patients with urologic cancers. Kidney cancer patients are particularly burdened by costs associated with novel systemic treatments. This study aimed to ascertain the characteristics of GoFundMe® crowdfunding campaigns for patients with kidney cancer, in order to better understand the financial needs of this population. Methods We performed a cross‐sectional, quantitative, and qualitative analysis of all kidney cancer GoFundMe® campaigns since 2010. Fundraising metrics such as goal funds and amount raised, were extracted. Eight independent investigators collected patient, disease and campaign‐level variables from campaign stories (κ = 0.72). In addition, we performed a content analysis of campaign narratives spotlighting the primary appeal of the patient's life story. Results A total of 486 GoFundMe® kidney cancer campaigns were reviewed. The median goal funds were 10,000USD [IQR = 5000, 20,000] and the median amount raised was 1450USD [IQR = 578, 4050]. Most campaigns were for adult males (53%) and 62% of adults had children. A minority were for pediatric patients (17%). Thirty‐seven percent of adult patients were primary wage earners and 43% reported losing their job or substantially reducing hours due to illness. Twenty‐nine percent reported no insurance or insufficient coverage. Campaigns most frequently sought funds for medical bills (60%), nonmedical bills (27%), and medical travel (23%). Qualitative campaign narratives mostly emphasized patients’ hardship (46.3%) or high moral character (35.2%). Only 8% of campaigns achieved their target funds. Conclusions Despite fundraising efforts, patients with kidney cancer face persistent financial barriers, incurring both medical and nonmedical cost burdens. This may be compounded by limited or no insurance. Cancer care providers should be aware of financial constraints placed on kidney cancer patients, and consider how these may impact treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah S Thomas
- University of Edinburgh School of Medicine, Edinburgh, UK.,Department of Urology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Austin W Lee
- Department of Urology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Behnam Nabavizadeh
- Department of Urology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nikan K Namiri
- Department of Urology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nizar Hakam
- Department of Urology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Patrick Martin-Tuite
- Department of Urology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Natalie Rios
- Department of Urology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Anthony Enriquez
- Department of Urology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nnenaya A Mmonu
- Department of Urology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andrew J Cohen
- The Brady Urological Institute at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Benjamin N Breyer
- Department of Urology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Zheng JM, Gan MF, Yu HY, Ye LX, Yu QX, Xia YH, Zhou HX, Bao JQ, Guo YQ. KDF1, a Novel Tumor Suppressor in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:686678. [PMID: 34136411 PMCID: PMC8201614 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.686678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
KDF1 has been identified as a key regulator of epidermal proliferation and differentiation, but it is unknown whether KDF1 is involved in the pathogenesis of malignancy. No study has reported the expression and function of KDF1 in renal cancer. To explore the pathologic significance of KDF1 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), the expression level of KDF1 protein in the tumor tissue of ccRCC patients was examined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot while the expression level of KDF1 mRNA was analyzed by using the data from TCGA database. In vitro cell experiments and allogeneic tumor transplantation tests were performed to determine the effects of altered KDF1 expression on the phenotype of ccRCC cells. Both the KDF1 mRNA and protein were found to be decreasingly expressed in the tumor tissue of ccRCC patients when compared with the adjacent non-tumor control tissue. The expression level of KDF1 in the tumor tissue was found to correlate negatively with the tumor grade. Patients with higher KDF1 in the tumor tissue were found to have longer overall survival and disease-specific survival time. KDF1 was shown to be an independent factor influencing the disease-specific survival of the ccRCC patients. Overexpression of KDF1 was found to inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of ccRCC cells, which could be reversed by decreasing the expression of KDF1 again. ccRCC cells with KDF1 overexpression were found to produce smaller transgrafted tumors. These results support the idea that KDF1 is involved in ccRCC and may function as a tumor suppressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Min Zheng
- Department of Urology, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China.,Department of Pathology, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Mei-Fu Gan
- Department of Pathology, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Hong-Yuan Yu
- Department of Urology, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Lu-Xia Ye
- Department of Pathology, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Qing-Xin Yu
- Department of Pathology, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Yu-Hui Xia
- Department of Pathology, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Han-Xi Zhou
- Department of Urology, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Jia-Qian Bao
- Department of Urology, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Yi-Qing Guo
- Department of Urology, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
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Dergel M, Balik M, Pacovsky J, Vobornik M, Mandak J, Laco J. Solitary metastasis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma in sternum diagnosed unexpectedly during cardiac surgery - A rare but potentially fatal trap. Urol Case Rep 2021; 38:101730. [PMID: 34136359 PMCID: PMC8181793 DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2021.101730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a very rare case of fatal complication during the cardiac surgery caused by unrecognized solitary metastasis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma in the sternum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Dergel
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Charles University Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Balik
- Department of Urology, Charles University Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Pacovsky
- Department of Urology, Charles University Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Vobornik
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Charles University Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Mandak
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Charles University Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Laco
- The Fingerland Department of Pathology, Charles University Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove and University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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Bone Metastasis in Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients: Risk and Prognostic Factors and Nomograms. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:5575295. [PMID: 34054954 PMCID: PMC8133862 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5575295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Bone metastasis (BM) is one of the common sites of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and patients with BM have a poorer prognosis. We aimed to develop two nomograms to quantify the risk of BM and predict the prognosis of RCC patients with BM. Methods We reviewed patients with diagnosed RCC with BM in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2010 to 2015. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine independent factors to predict BM in RCC patients. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to determine independent prognostic factors for BM in RCC patients. Two nomograms were established and evaluated by calibration curve, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Results The study included 37,554 patients diagnosed with RCC in the SEER database, 537 of whom were BM patients. BM's risk factors included sex, tumor size, liver metastasis, lung metastasis, brain metastasis, N stage, T stage, histologic type, and grade in RCC patients. Currently, independent prognostic factors for RCC with BM included grade, histologic type, N stage, surgery, brain metastasis, and lung metastasis. The calibration curve, ROC curve, and DCA showed good performance for diagnostic and prognostic nomograms. Conclusions Nomograms were established to predict the risk of BM in RCC and the prognosis of RCC with BM, separately. These nomograms strengthen each patient's prognosis-based decision making, which is critical in improving the prognosis of patients.
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Li L, Xiong F, Wang Y, Zhang S, Gong Z, Li X, He Y, Shi L, Wang F, Liao Q, Xiang B, Zhou M, Li X, Li Y, Li G, Zeng Z, Xiong W, Guo C. What are the applications of single-cell RNA sequencing in cancer research: a systematic review. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:163. [PMID: 33975628 PMCID: PMC8111731 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01955-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a tool for studying gene expression at the single-cell level that has been widely used due to its unprecedented high resolution. In the present review, we outline the preparation process and sequencing platforms for the scRNA-seq analysis of solid tumor specimens and discuss the main steps and methods used during data analysis, including quality control, batch-effect correction, normalization, cell cycle phase assignment, clustering, cell trajectory and pseudo-time reconstruction, differential expression analysis and gene set enrichment analysis, as well as gene regulatory network inference. Traditional bulk RNA sequencing does not address the heterogeneity within and between tumors, and since the development of the first scRNA-seq technique, this approach has been widely used in cancer research to better understand cancer cell biology and pathogenetic mechanisms. ScRNA-seq has been of great significance for the development of targeted therapy and immunotherapy. In the second part of this review, we focus on the application of scRNA-seq in solid tumors, and summarize the findings and achievements in tumor research afforded by its use. ScRNA-seq holds promise for improving our understanding of the molecular characteristics of cancer, and potentially contributing to improved diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lvyuan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fang Xiong
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yumin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaojian Gong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiayu Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi He
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fuyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Xiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Medicine, Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Guiyuan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China. .,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Can Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China. .,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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Bhanegaonkar A, Pandya S, Zheng Y, Kim R, Krulewicz S, Kasturi V, Phatak H. Real-World Outcomes Among US Veterans Health Administration Patients Newly Diagnosed with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma and Treated with First-Line Monotherapy. Adv Ther 2021; 38:2644-2661. [PMID: 33866526 PMCID: PMC8107174 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-021-01657-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Substantial unmet needs exist among patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). This retrospective study evaluated treatment patterns as well as clinical and economic outcomes associated with first-line monotherapy among patients with mRCC in the USA. METHODS Newly diagnosed patients with mRCC initiating at least one first-line therapy (1L) from 1 October 2013 to 31 March 2018 (index date = 1L start date) were identified from the US Veterans Health Administration database. Treatment patterns, clinical outcomes (time to next treatment [TNT] defined by earliest of switch to non-index therapy or re-initiation of index therapy after a more than 90-day gap, time to treatment discontinuation [TTD], overall survival [OS]), and costs were evaluated among patients treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors (mTOR), immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), and other monotherapies. Standard descriptive statistics were presented. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to evaluate clinical outcomes. RESULTS Of 759 patients (median age 68.0 years), 85.0%, 8.0%, 4.3%, and 2.6% were treated with TKI, mTOR, ICI, or other therapy in 1L, respectively. Advancement rates (to second-line [2L] therapy) ranged from 10.0 (ICI) to 45.1 per 100 person years (TKI). The 12-month OS rates ranged from 47.4% (TKI) to 67.7% (mTOR). The median TNT ranged from 3.8 (mTOR) to 9.6 months (ICI), and median TTD ranged from 2.3 (mTOR) to 4.7 months (TKI). Total all-cause mean costs per patient per month ranged from $12,466 (mTOR) to $19,812 (ICI). CONCLUSION These results indicate high unmet medical needs among patients with mRCC treated with 1L monotherapies. Novel combination therapies (e.g., ICI + ICI, ICI + TKI) may improve front-line outcomes for patients with poor prognoses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ying Zheng
- EMD Serono Inc., Rockland, MA, USA; an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | | | - Vijay Kasturi
- EMD Serono Inc., Rockland, MA, USA; an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Hemant Phatak
- EMD Serono Inc., Rockland, MA, USA; an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
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132
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Wang K, Wu Z, Wang G, Shi H, Xie J, Yin L, Xu T, Mao W, Peng B. Survival nomogram for patients with bone metastatic renal cell carcinoma: A population-based study. Int Braz J Urol 2021; 47:333-349. [PMID: 33284535 PMCID: PMC7857761 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2020.0195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Increased attention has been focused on the survival of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients with bone metastasis. This study proposed to establish and evaluate a nomogram for predicting the overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) of RCC patients with bone metastasis. Materials and Methods: RCC patients with bone metastasis between 2010 and 2015 were captured from the surveillance, epidemiology and end results (SEER) database. Univariate and multivariate cox regressions were performed to assess the effects of clinical variables on OS and CSS. The nomogram based on the Cox hazards regression model was developed. Concordance index (C-index) and calibration curve were performed to evaluate the accuracy of nomogram models, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and decision curve analysis (DCA) were conducted to assess the predict performance. Results: A total of 2.471 eligible patients were enrolled in this study. The patients were assigned to primary (n=1.672) and validation (n=799) cohorts randomly. The 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS and CSS nomogram models were constructed based on age at diagnosis, sex, marital status, pathological grade, T-stage, N-stage, brain/liver/lung metastasis, surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The c for OS and CSS prediction was 0.730 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.719-0.741) and 0.714 (95%CI:0.702-0.726). The calibration curves showed significant agreement between nomogram models and actual observations. ROC and DCA indicated nomograms had better predict performance. Conclusions: The nomograms for predicting prognosis provided an accurate prediction of OS and CSS in RCC patients with bone metastasis, and contributed clinicians to optimize individualized treatment plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyi Wang
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Putuo District, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai.,Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai
| | - Zonglin Wu
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Putuo District, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai
| | - Guangchun Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai
| | - Heng Shi
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai
| | - Jinbo Xie
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai
| | - Lei Yin
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai
| | - Tianyuan Xu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai
| | - Weipu Mao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Putuo District, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai.,Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai
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133
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Houshyar R, Glavis-Bloom J, Bui TL, Chahine C, Bardis MD, Ushinsky A, Liu H, Bhatter P, Lebby E, Fujimoto D, Grant W, Tran-Harding K, Landman J, Chow DS, Chang PD. Outcomes of Artificial Intelligence Volumetric Assessment of Kidneys and Renal Tumors for Preoperative Assessment of Nephron Sparing Interventions. J Endourol 2021; 35:1411-1418. [PMID: 33847156 DOI: 10.1089/end.2020.1125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Renal cell carcinoma is the most common kidney cancer and the 13th most common cause of cancer death worldwide. Partial nephrectomy and percutaneous ablation, increasingly utilized to treat small renal masses and preserve renal parenchyma, require precise preoperative imaging interpretation. We sought to develop and evaluate a convolutional neural network (CNN), a type of deep learning artificial intelligence, to act as a surgical planning aid by determining renal tumor and kidney volumes via segmentation on single-phase computed tomography (CT). Materials and Methods After institutional review board approval, the CT images of 319 patients were retrospectively analyzed. Two distinct CNNs were developed for (1) bounding cube localization of the right and left hemi-abdomen and (2) segmentation of the renal parenchyma and tumor within each bounding cube. Training was performed on a randomly selected cohort of 269 patients. CNN performance was evaluated on a separate cohort of 50 patients using Sorensen-Dice coefficients (which measures the spatial overlap between the manually segmented and neural network derived segmentations) and Pearson correlation coefficients. Experiments were run on a GPU-optimized workstation with a single NVIDIA GeForce GTX Titan X (12GB, Maxwell architecture). Results Median Dice coefficients for kidney and tumor segmentation were 0.970 and 0.816, respectively; Pearson correlation coefficients between CNN-generated and human-annotated estimates for kidney and tumor volume were 0.998 and 0.993 (p < 0.001), respectively. End-to-end trained CNNs were able to perform renal parenchyma and tumor segmentation on a new test case in an average of 5.6 seconds. Conclusions Initial experience with automated deep learning artificial intelligence demonstrates that it is capable of rapidly and accurately segmenting kidneys and renal tumors on single-phase contrast-enhanced CT scans and calculating tumor and renal volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roozbeh Houshyar
- University of California Irvine School of Medicine, 12219, Radiological Sciences, Orange, California, United States;
| | - Justin Glavis-Bloom
- University of California Irvine School of Medicine, 12219, Radiological Sciences, Orange, California, United States;
| | - Thanh-Lan Bui
- University of California Irvine School of Medicine, 12219, Radiological Sciences, Orange, California, United States;
| | - Chantal Chahine
- University of California Irvine School of Medicine, 12219, Radiological Sciences, Orange, California, United States;
| | - Michelle D Bardis
- University of California Irvine School of Medicine, 12219, Radiological Sciences, Orange, California, United States.,University of California Irvine Center for Artificial Intelligence in Diagnostic Medicine, Irvine, California, United States;
| | - Alexander Ushinsky
- Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, 12275, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, St Louis, Missouri, United States;
| | - Hanna Liu
- University of California Irvine School of Medicine, 12219, Radiological Sciences, Orange, California, United States;
| | - Param Bhatter
- University of California Irvine School of Medicine, 12219, Radiological Sciences, Orange, California, United States;
| | - Elliott Lebby
- University of California Irvine School of Medicine, 12219, Radiological Sciences, Orange, California, United States;
| | - Dylann Fujimoto
- University of California Irvine School of Medicine, 12219, Radiological Sciences, Orange, California, United States;
| | - William Grant
- University of California Irvine School of Medicine, 12219, Radiological Sciences, Orange, California, United States;
| | - Karen Tran-Harding
- University of California Irvine School of Medicine, 12219, Radiological Sciences, Orange, California, United States;
| | - Jaime Landman
- University of California Irvine, Urology, 333 City Blvd West, Orange, California, United States, 92868;
| | - Daniel S Chow
- University of California Irvine School of Medicine, 12219, Radiological Sciences, 101 The City Dr S, Orange, California, United States, 92697-3950.,University of California Irvine Center for Artificial Intelligence in Diagnostic Medicine, 4100 E. Peltason Dr., Irvine, California, United States, 92617;
| | - Peter D Chang
- University of California Irvine School of Medicine, 12219, Radiological Sciences, Orange, California, United States.,University of California Irvine Center for Artificial Intelligence in Diagnostic Medicine, Irvine, California, United States;
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134
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González J, Gaynor JJ, Ciancio G. Renal Cell Carcinoma with or without Tumor Thrombus Invading the Liver, Pancreas and Duodenum. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071695. [PMID: 33916652 PMCID: PMC8038355 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Renal cell carcinoma rarely invades the surrounding visceral structures. While surgical extirpation has been the mainstay of treatment for the localized disease, the role of surgery in cases of venous involvement, adjacent invasion or distant metastasis remains controversial. Furthermore, the surgical option may represent a challenge. A large series of locally advanced renal cancer with involvement of the liver, pancreas, and/or duodenum, sometimes in conjunction with tumor thrombus extending inside the inferior vena cava is herein reported. Our series establishes the technical feasibility of this complex surgical procedure with acceptable complication rates, no perioperative death, and potential for durable response. With the use of new systemic therapy schedules, these patients will probably have a better opportunity of survival extension. Abstract Background: The purpose of this study is to report the outcomes of a series of patients with locally advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) who underwent radical nephrectomy, tumor thrombectomy, and visceral resection. Patients and methods: 18 consecutive patients who underwent surgical treatment in the period 2003-2019 were included. Neoplastic extension was found extending into the pancreas, duodenum, and liver in 9(50%), 2(11.1%), and 7(38.8%) patients, respectively. Seven patients (38.8%) presented also inferior vena cava tumor thrombus level I (n = 3), II (n = 2), or III (n = 2). The resection was tailored according to the degree of invasiveness. Demographics, clinical presentation, disease characteristics, surgical details, 30-day postoperative complications, and overall survival (OS) were analyzed. Results: Median age was 56 years (range: 40–76). Median tumor size was 14.5 cm (range, 8.8–22), and 10 cm (range: 4–15) for those cases with pancreatico-duodenal and liver involvement, respectively. Median estimated blood loss (EBL) was 475 mL (range: 100–4000) and resulted higher for those cases requiring thrombectomy (300 mL vs. 750 mL). Nine patients (50%) required transfusions with a median requirement of 4 units (range: 2–8). No perioperative deaths were registered in the first 30 days. Overall complication rate was 44.4%. Major complications were detected in 6/18 patients (33.3%). Overall median follow-up was 24 months (range: 0–108). Five-year OS (actuarial) rate was 89.9% and 75%, for 9/11 patients with pancreatico-duodenal involvement and 6/7 patients with liver invasion, respectively. Conclusion: Our series establishes the technical feasibility of this procedure with acceptable complication rates, no deaths, and potential for durable response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier González
- Department of Urology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Jeffrey J. Gaynor
- Department of Surgery, Miami Transplant Institute, University of Miami Miller school of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA;
| | - Gaetano Ciancio
- Department of Surgery, Miami Transplant Institute, University of Miami Miller school of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA;
- Department of Surgery and Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Correspondence:
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135
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Jeelani HMA, Sheikh MM, Riaz A, Jain N, Tahir N, Ehsan H, Vemireddy L. Metastatic renal cell carcinoma complicated by right atrial thrombus. Clin Case Rep 2021; 9:2332-2335. [PMID: 33936689 PMCID: PMC8077248 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.4028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis of renal cell carcinoma to the heart is a rare event. Herein we present a case of renal cell carcinoma presenting with progressive fatigue, abdominal pain, and weight loss. Imaging studies revealed complex renal mass with extension to right atrium and histopathology confirmed the metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adeel Riaz
- Punjab Medical CollegeFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Nikita Jain
- Rosalind Franklin University/Northwestern Medicine McHenry HospitalMcHenryILUSA
| | - Nayha Tahir
- Rosalind Franklin University/Northwestern Medicine McHenry HospitalMcHenryILUSA
| | - Hamid Ehsan
- MedStar Union Memorial HospitalBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Lalitha Vemireddy
- Rosalind Franklin University/Northwestern Medicine McHenry HospitalMcHenryILUSA
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136
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Jena R, Narain TA, Singh UP, Srivastava A. Role of positron emission tomography/computed tomography in the evaluation of renal cell carcinoma. Indian J Urol 2021; 37:125-132. [PMID: 34103794 PMCID: PMC8173953 DOI: 10.4103/iju.iju_268_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Positron emission tomography (PET) is not a standard recommendation in most of the major guidelines for the evaluation of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Earlier studies evaluating PET scan in patients with RCC have provided discordant results. However, with the advent of newer hybrid PET/computed tomography (CT) scanning systems, this modality has shown increased efficacy in the evaluation of primary renal masses along with the detection of extrarenal metastases, restaging recurrent RCC, and also in monitoring response to targeted therapy. We performed a systematic review of the existing literature on the role of PET scan in the evaluation of RCC. Methodology: We systematically searched the databases of PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Google Scholar to identify studies on the use of PET scan in RCC. Using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines, 94 full-text articles were selected, of which 54 relevant articles were then reviewed, after a consensus by the authors. Results: Several studies have shown similar sensitivity and specificity of fluoro-2-deoxy-2-d-glucose-PET (FDG-PET) scan as compared to conventional CT scan for the initial diagnosis of RCC, and an improved sensitivity and specificity for the detection of metastases and recurrences following curative therapy. The PET scan may also play a role in predicting the initial tumor biology and pathology and predicting the prognosis as well as the response to therapy. Conclusion: The current guidelines do not recommend PET scan in the staging armamentarium of RCCs. However, FDG-PET scan is as efficacious, if not better than conventional imaging alone, in the evaluation of the primary and metastatic RCC, as well as in evaluating the response to therapy, due to its ability to pick up areas of increased metabolic activity early on. Newer tracers such as Ga68 prostate specific membrane antigen-labeled ligands may help in opening up newer avenues of theragnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Jena
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplant, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Tushar Aditya Narain
- Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarkhand, India
| | - Uday Pratap Singh
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplant, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aneesh Srivastava
- Department of Urology and Renal Transplant, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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137
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Liao Z, Yao H, Wei J, Feng Z, Chen W, Luo J, Chen X. Development and validation of the prognostic value of the immune-related genes in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Transl Androl Urol 2021; 10:1607-1619. [PMID: 33968649 PMCID: PMC8100830 DOI: 10.21037/tau-20-1348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a highly heterogeneous tumor, resulting a challenge of developing target therapeutics. Not long ago, immune checkpoint blockade regimens combine with tyrosin kinase inhibitors have evolved frontline options in metastatic RCC, which implies arrival of the era of tumor immunotherapy. Studies have demonstrated immune-related genes (IRGs) could characterize tumor milieu and related to patient survival. Nevertheless, the clinical significance of classifier depending on IRGs in ccRCC has not been well established. Methods The R package limma, univariate and LASSO cox regression analysis were used to screen the prognostic related IRGs from TCGA database. Multivariate cox regression was utilized to establish a risk prediction model for candidate genes. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to confirm the expression of candidates in clinical samples from our institution. CIBERSORT algorithm and correlation analysis were applied to explore tumor-infiltrating immune cells signature between different risk groups. A clinical nomogram was also developed to predict OS by using the rms R package based on the risk prediction model and other independent risk factors. The ICGC data was used for external validation of either gene risk model or nomogram. Results We identified 382 differentially expressed immune related genes. Four unique prognostic IRGs (CRABP2, LTB4R, PTGER1 and TEK) were finally affirmed to associate with tumor survival independently and utilized to establish the risk score model. All candidates’ expression was successfully laboratory confirmed by q-PCR. CIBERSORT analysis implied patients in unfavorable-risk group with high CD8 T cell, regulatory T cell and NK cell infiltration, as well as high expression of PD-1, CTLA4, TNFRSF9, TIGIT and LAG3. A nomogram combined IRGs risk score with age, gender, TNM stage, Fuhrman grade, necrosis was further generated to predict of 3- and 5-year OS, which exhibited superior discriminative power (AUCs were 0.811 and 0.795). Conclusions Our study established and validated a survival prognostic model system based on 4 unique immune related genes in ccRCC, which expands knowledge in tumor immune status and provide a potent prediction tool in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangyao Liao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haohua Yao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinhuan Wei
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihao Feng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junhang Luo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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138
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Laukhtina E, Pradere B, D'Andrea D, Rosiello G, Luzzago S, Pecoraro A, Palumbo C, Knipper S, Karakiewicz PI, Margulis V, Quhal F, Sari Motlagh R, Mostafaei H, Mori K, Schuettfort VM, Enikeev D, Shariat SF. Prognostic effect of preoperative systemic immune-inflammation index in patients treated with cytoreductive nephrectomy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Minerva Urol Nephrol 2021; 74:329-336. [PMID: 33769012 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6051.21.04023-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying those of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) who are most likely to benefit from cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) is challenging. We tested the association between preoperative value of systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and overall survival (OS) as well as cancer-specific survival (CSS) in mRCC patients treated with CN. METHODS mRCC patients treated with CN at different institutions were included. After assessing for the optimal pretreatment SII cut-off value, we found 710 to have the maximum Youden index value. The overall population was therefore divided into two SII groups using this cut-off (low, <710 vs high, ≥710). Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses tested the association SII and OS as well as CSS. The discrimination of the model was evaluated with the Harrel's concordance index (C-index). The clinical value of the SII was evaluated with decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS Among 613 mRCC patients, 298 (49%) patients had a SII ≥ 710. Median follow-up was 31 (IQR 16-58) months. On univariable analysis, high preoperative serum SII was significantly associated with worse OS (HR: 1.28, 95%CI: 1.07-1.54, p=0.01) and CSS (HR: 1.29, 95%CI: 1.08-1.55, p=0.01). On multivariable analysis, which adjusted for the effect of established clinicopathologic features, SII≥ 710 was associated with OS (HR: 1.25, 95%CI: 1.04-1.50, p=0.02) and CSS (HR: 1.26, 95%CI: 1.05-1.52, p=0.01). The addition of SII only slightly improved the discrimination of a base model that included established clinicopathologic features (C-index = 0.637 vs C-index = 0.629). On DCA, the inclusion of SII did not improve the net-benefit of the prognostic model. On multivariable analyses, SII ≥ 710 remained independently associated with the worse OS and CSS in IMDC intermediate risk group (both: HR: 1.31, 95%CI: 1.02 - 1.67, p = 0.03). In the subgroup analyses based on the BMI, among patients with BMI ≥ 25, SII was significantly associated with OS (HR: 1.29, 95%CI: 1.04 - 1.61, p = 0.02) and CSS (HR: 1.31, 95%CI: 1.05 - 1.63, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS We found an independent association of high SII prior to CN with unfavorable clinical outcomes, particularly in patients with intermediate risk mRCC and patients with increased BMI. Despite these results, it does not seem to add any prognostic or clinical benefit beyond that obtained by currently available clinicopathologic characteristics as sole worker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Laukhtina
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Benjamin Pradere
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Urology, University Hospital of Tours, Tours, France
| | - David D'Andrea
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Giuseppe Rosiello
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montreal Health Center, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Urology and Division of Experimental Oncology, Urological Research Institute (URI), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Luzzago
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montreal Health Center, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Pecoraro
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montreal Health Center, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Urology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Carlotta Palumbo
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montreal Health Center, Montreal, Canada.,Urology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Radiological Science and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sophie Knipper
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montreal Health Center, Montreal, Canada.,Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Pierre I Karakiewicz
- Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montreal Health Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Vitaly Margulis
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Fahad Quhal
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Urology, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reza Sari Motlagh
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hadi Mostafaei
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Research Center for Evidence Based Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Keiichiro Mori
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Victor M Schuettfort
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dmitry Enikeev
- Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Shahrokh F Shariat
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria - .,Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Urology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Karl Landsteiner Institute of Urology and Andrology, Vienna, Austria.,Division of Urology, Department of Special Surgery, Jordan University Hospital, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.,European Association of Urology Research Foundation, Arnhem, Netherlands
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139
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Liu L, Hou Y, Hu J, Zhou L, Chen K, Yang X, Song Z. SLC39A8/Zinc Suppresses the Progression of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:651921. [PMID: 33869056 PMCID: PMC8045709 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.651921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most frequent and lethal subtype, which has high risk of metastasis or recurrence, accounting for 75–83% of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Zrt‐ and Irt‐like proteins (ZIP) family members (SLC39A1-14) function to pass zinc into the cytoplasm for many critical biological processes when cellular zinc is depleted. However, the functional analysis of individual ZIP family genes in ccRCC is not clarified. This study aimed to investigate whether ZIP family genes are related to the clinicopathological features and survival of ccRCC patients, and to identify the function of key gene of ZIP family in ccRCC in vitro. Through bioinformatics analysis of tumor databases, SLC39A8 was identified as a key gene of ZIP family in ccRCC, which could be used as an effective indicator for diagnosing ccRCC and judging its prognosis. With the progression of tumor, the expression of SLC39A8 decreased progressively. The prognosis of patients with low expression of SLC39A8 is significantly worse. Furthermore, we found that overexpression of SLC39A8 or treatment with low concentration of zinc chloride could effectively inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of ccRCC cells. Moreover, the inhibition effect of SLC39A8 overexpression could be enhanced by low concentration zinc supplement. Therefore, this study provides a novel understanding for the role of SLC39A8/zinc in the regulation of ccRCC progression. These findings provide a new direction and target for progressive ccRCC drug development and combination therapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilong Liu
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaxin Hou
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junyi Hu
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lijie Zhou
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiong Yang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengshuai Song
- Department of Urology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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140
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Morais C, Rajandram R, Blakeney JS, Iyer A, Suen JY, Johnson DW, Gobe GC, Fairlie DP, Vesey DA. Expression of protease activated receptor-2 is reduced in renal cell carcinoma biopsies and cell lines. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248983. [PMID: 33765016 PMCID: PMC7993771 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Expression of the protease sensing receptor, protease activated receptor-2 (PAR2), is elevated in a variety of cancers and has been promoted as a potential therapeutic target. With the development of potent antagonists for this receptor, we hypothesised that they could be used to treat renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The expression of PAR2 was, therefore, examined in human RCC tissues and selected RCC cell lines. Histologically confirmed cases of RCC, together with paired non-involved kidney tissue, were used to produce a tissue microarray (TMA) and to extract total tissue RNA. Immunohistochemistry and qPCR were then used to assess PAR2 expression. In culture, RCC cell lines versus primary human kidney tubular epithelial cells (HTEC) were used to assess PAR2 expression by qPCR, immunocytochemistry and an intracellular calcium mobilization assay. The TMA revealed an 85% decrease in PAR2 expression in tumour tissue compared with normal kidney tissue. Likewise, qPCR showed a striking reduction in PAR2 mRNA in RCC compared with normal kidney. All RCC cell lines showed lower levels of PAR2 expression than HTEC. In conclusion, we found that PAR2 was reduced in RCC compared with normal kidney and is unlikely to be a target of interest in the treatment of this type of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christudas Morais
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Department of Urology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Retnagowri Rajandram
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia
| | - Jade S. Blakeney
- Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Abishek Iyer
- Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jacky Y. Suen
- Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David W. Johnson
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Department of Nephrology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Glenda C. Gobe
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - David P. Fairlie
- Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David A. Vesey
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Department of Nephrology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- * E-mail:
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141
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Su Y, Zhang T, Tang J, Zhang L, Fan S, Zhou J, Liang C. Construction of Competitive Endogenous RNA Network and Verification of 3-Key LncRNA Signature Associated With Distant Metastasis and Poor Prognosis in Patients With Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:640150. [PMID: 33869028 PMCID: PMC8044754 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.640150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a common malignancy with high distant metastasis rate. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are reported to be upregulated or downregulated in multiple cancers and play a crucial role in the metastasis of tumors or prognosis. Therefore, the purpose of our study is to construct a prognostic signature for ccRCC based on distant metastasis-related lncRNAs and explore the involved potential competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) screened from the database of the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) were used to construct a co-expression network and identify the distant metastasis-related module by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Key genes with metastatic and prognostic significance were identified through rigorous screening, including survival analysis, correlation analysis, and expression analyses in stage, grade, and distant metastasis, and were verified in the data set of gene expression omnibus (GEO) and the database from gene expression profiling interactive analysis (GEPIA). The potential upstream miRNAs and lncRNAs were predicted via five online databases and LncBase. Here, we constructed a ceRNA network of key genes that are significantly associated with the distant metastasis and prognosis of patients with ccRCC. The distant metastasis-related lncRNAs were used to construct a risk score model through the univariate, least absolute shrinkage selection operator (LASSO), and multivariate Cox regression analyses, and the patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups according to the median of the risk score. The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis demonstrated that mortality was significantly higher in the high-risk group than in the low-risk group. Considering the other clinical phenotype, the Cox regression analyses indicated that the lncRNAs model could function as an independent prognostic factor. Quantitative real-time (qRT)-PCR in the tissues and cells of ccRCC verified the high-expression level of three lncRNAs. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed that the lncRNA prognostic signature was mainly enriched in autophagy- and immune-related pathways, indicating that the autophagy and immune functions may play an important role in the distant metastasis of ccRCC. In summary, the constructed distant metastasis-related lncRNA signature could independently predict prognosis in patients with ccRCC, and the related ceRNA network provided a new sight on the potential mechanism of distant metastasis and a promising therapeutic target for ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Su
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Tianxiang Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jieqiong Tang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Song Fan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chaozhao Liang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,The Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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142
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Zhang H, Basappa NS, Ghosh S, Joy I, Lalani AKA, Hansen AR, Heng DY, Castonguay V, Kollmannsberger CK, Winquist E, Wood L, Bjarnason GA, Breau RH, Kapoor A, Graham J. Real-Word Experience of Cabozantinib in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma (mRCC): Results from the Canadian Kidney Cancer information system (CKCis). KIDNEY CANCER 2021. [DOI: 10.3233/kca-210110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cabozantinib is an oral multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) that has demonstrated efficacy in metastatic renal-cell carcinoma (mRCC) randomized trials. OBJECTIVE: To explore the real-world effectiveness of cabozantinib in pretreated patients with mRCC, including patients who progressed on immune-oncology checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. METHODS: Using the Canadian Kidney Cancer information system (CKCis), patients with mRCC treated with cabozantinib monotherapy as second-line or later from January 1, 2011 to September 1, 2019 were identified. Patients were stratified based on line of cabozantinib received. We reported overall survival (OS), time to treatment failure (TTF) and disease control rate (DCR). Prognostic variables were analyzed using multivariable analysis. RESULTS: 157 patients received cabozantinib (median TTF 8.0 months; median OS 15.8 months): 37 (24%) in the second line (median TTF 10.4 months; median OS 18.9 months) 66 (42%) in third line (median TTF 5.9 months; median OS 13.3 months) and 54 (34%) in either 4th or 5th line (median TTF 9.4 months; median OS 16.8 months). One hundred sixteen patients (74%) received cabozantinib after prior ICI therapy (median TTF of 7.6 months; median OS of 15.8 months). DCR in all patients was 63% with 46%, 65% and 72% in 2nd line, 3rd line and 4th/5th line patients respectively. DCR in patients who received cabozantinib after prior ICI therapy was 64%. CONCLUSIONS: Cabozantinib is effective in a real-world, unselected population of mRCC patients, including in those who have progressed on prior ICI therapy, and in those exposed to multiple lines of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanbo Zhang
- Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Sunita Ghosh
- Alberta Health Services, Cancer Control Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Isaiah Joy
- Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Aaron R. Hansen
- Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel Y.C. Heng
- Tom Baker Cancer Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Vincent Castonguay
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | | | - Eric Winquist
- London Health Sciences Centre, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Lori Wood
- QEII Health Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | | | | | - Anil Kapoor
- St. Joseph’s Health Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jeffrey Graham
- CancerCare Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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143
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Song MJ, Pan QZ, Ding Y, Zeng J, Dong P, Zhao JJ, Tang Y, Li J, Zhang Z, He J, Yang J, Huang Y, Peng R, Wang QJ, Gu JM, He J, Li YQ, Chen SP, Huang R, Zhou ZQ, Yang C, Han Y, Chen H, Liu H, Xia S, Wan Y, Weng DS, Xia L, Zhou FJ, Xia JC. The efficacy and safety of the combination of axitinib and pembrolizumab-activated autologous DC-CIK cell immunotherapy for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma: a phase 2 study. Clin Transl Immunology 2021; 10:e1257. [PMID: 33717483 PMCID: PMC7927618 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Although axitinib has achieved a preferable response rate for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC), patient survival remains unsatisfactory. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of a combination treatment of axitinib and a low dose of pembrolizumab‐activated autologous dendritic cells–co‐cultured cytokine‐induced killer cells in patients with advanced RCC. Methods All adult patients, including treatment‐naive or pretreated with VEGF‐targeted agents, were enrolled from May 2016 to March 2019. Patients received axitinib 5 mg twice daily and pembrolizumab‐activated dendritic cells–co‐cultured cytokine‐induced killer cells intravenously weekly for the first four cycles, every 2 weeks for the next four cycles, and every month thereafter. Results The 43 patients (22 untreated and 21 previously treated) showed a median progression‐free survival (mPFS) of 14.7 months (95% CI, 11.16–18.30). mPFS in treatment‐naive patients was 18.2 months, as compared with 14.4 months in pretreated patients (log‐rank P‐value = 0.07). Overall response rates were 25.6% (95% CI, 13.5–41.2%). Grade 3 or higher adverse events occurred in 5% of patients included hypertension (11.6%) and palmar‐plantar erythrodysesthesia (7.0%). Peripheral blood lymphocyte immunophenotype and serum cytokine profile analyses demonstrated increased antitumor immunity after combination treatment particularly in patients with a long‐term survival benefit, while those with a minimal survival benefit demonstrated an elevated proportion of peripheral CD8+TIM3+ T cells and lower serum‐level immunostimulatory cytokine profile. Conclusions The combination therapy was active and well tolerated for treatment of advanced RCC, either as first‐ or second‐line treatment following other targeted agents. Changes in immunophenotype and serum cytokine profile may be used as prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Jia Song
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China.,Department of Biotherapy Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Qiu-Zhong Pan
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China.,Department of Biotherapy Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Ya Ding
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China.,Department of Biotherapy Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Jianxiong Zeng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China.,Department of Biotherapy Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Pei Dong
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China.,Department of Urology Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Jing-Jing Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China.,Department of Biotherapy Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Yan Tang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China.,Department of Biotherapy Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China.,Department of Biotherapy Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Zhiling Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China.,Department of Urology Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Junyi He
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China.,Department of Biotherapy Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Jieying Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China.,Department of Biotherapy Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Yue Huang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China.,Department of Biotherapy Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Ruiqing Peng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China.,Department of Biotherapy Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Qi-Jing Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China.,Department of Biotherapy Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Jia-Mei Gu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China.,Department of Biotherapy Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Jia He
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China.,Department of Biotherapy Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Yong-Qiang Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China.,Department of Biotherapy Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Shi-Ping Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China.,Department of Biotherapy Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Rongxing Huang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China.,Department of Biotherapy Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Zi-Qi Zhou
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China.,Department of Biotherapy Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Chaopin Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China.,Department of Biotherapy Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Yulong Han
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China.,Department of Biotherapy Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Hao Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China.,Department of Biotherapy Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Heping Liu
- Guangzhou Yiyang Bio-technology Co., Ltd Guangzhou China
| | - Shangzhou Xia
- Guangzhou Yiyang Bio-technology Co., Ltd Guangzhou China
| | - Yang Wan
- Guangzhou Yiyang Bio-technology Co., Ltd Guangzhou China
| | - De-Sheng Weng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China.,Department of Biotherapy Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Liming Xia
- Guangzhou Yiyang Bio-technology Co., Ltd Guangzhou China
| | - Fang-Jian Zhou
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China.,Department of Urology Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
| | - Jian-Chuan Xia
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China.,Department of Biotherapy Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
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144
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Chen J, Cao N, Li S, Wang Y. Identification of a Risk Stratification Model to Predict Overall Survival and Surgical Benefit in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma With Distant Metastasis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:630842. [PMID: 33777784 PMCID: PMC7991397 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.630842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the main subtype of renal cell carcinoma and has different prognoses, especially in patients with metastasis. Here, we aimed to establish a novel model to predict overall survival (OS) and surgical benefit of ccRCC patients with distant metastasis. Methods: Using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) databases, we identified 2185 ccRCC patients with distant metastasis diagnosed from 2010 to 2015. Univariate and multivariate Cox analysis were used to identify significant prognostic clinicopathological variables. By integrating these variables, a prognostic nomogram was constructed and evaluated using C-indexes and calibration curves. The discriminative ability of the nomogram was measured by analyses of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. A risk stratification model was built according to each patient's total scores. Kaplan-Meier curves were performed in the low-, intermediate- and high-risk groups to evaluate the survival benefit of surgery. Results: Eight clinicopathological variables were included as independent prognostic factors in the nomogram: grade, marital status, T stage, N stage, bone metastasis, brain metastasis, liver metastasis, and lung metastasis. The nomogram had a better discriminative ability for predicting OS than Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) stage. The C-index was 0.71 (95% CI 0.68-0.74) in the training cohort. The calibration plots demonstrated that the nomogram-based predictive outcomes had good consistency with the actual prognosis results. Total nephrectomy improved prognosis in both the low-risk and intermediate-risk groups, but partial nephrectomy could only benefit the low-risk group. Conclusions: We constructed a predictive nomogram and risk stratification model to evaluate prognosis in ccRCC patients with distant metastasis, which was valuable for prognostic stratification and making therapeutic decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiasheng Chen
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China.,Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Eastern Institute of Urologic Reconstruction, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nailong Cao
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Eastern Institute of Urologic Reconstruction, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shouchun Li
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Eastern Institute of Urologic Reconstruction, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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145
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Chen J, Ye W, Jiang W, Li X, Liu R, Lin B, Xiang J, Tian W, Bai J, Zuo T, Lin B, Guo Y, Zheng S. Pazopanib in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a single-center, real-world, retrospective Chinese study. Transl Androl Urol 2021; 10:1321-1331. [PMID: 33850766 PMCID: PMC8039632 DOI: 10.21037/tau-21-111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The efficacy and safety of pazopanib in patients diagnosed with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) have been demonstrated by a Chinese subgroup analysis of the COMPARZ (Pazopanib Versus Sunitinib in the Treatment of Locally Advanced and/or Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma) trial. However, the real-world data are still unknown. This single-center, retrospective study was designed to verify the real-world effects of pazopanib in Chinese patients with mRCC. Methods Patients with mRCC and a clinical decision to initiate pazopanib as first-line therapy were eligible. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), with overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), and safety being evaluated as secondary endpoints. The effectiveness according to the International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium (IMDC) risk model, number of risk factors in the intermediate risk group, age, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS), and the number and site of organ metastasis were also assessed. Results A total of 32 patients were enrolled, including 23 (71.9%) males and 9 (28.1%) females. The median age was 57 years (range 29-75 years). With a median follow-up time of 23.8 months, a median PFS of 18.3 months, and an ORR of 37.5%. Median OS was not reached, and the 1-, 2-, and 3-year overall survival rates were 90.6%, 78.1, and 65.6%, respectively. According to IMDC risk model, 37.5% were placed in the favorable risk (FR) subgroup, 56.2% (the majority) were placed in the intermediate risk (IR) subgroup, and 6.3% were placed in the poor risk (PR) subgroup. Compared with the IR and PR groups, the FR group achieved the best ORR (58.3%) and median PFS (22.1 months). Having 1 risk factor, ECOG PS <2, 1 organ metastasis site, and only lung metastasis associated with a higher ORR and better median PFS. The IMDC risk model and number of metastases were associated with PFS. The most common adverse events were change in hair color (69.0%), diarrhea (63%), and hypertension (50%). Conclusions Pazopanib showed efficacy and safety in real-world Chinese mRCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Chen
- Department of Urology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wen Ye
- Department of Urology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Urology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaofan Li
- Department of Hematology, Fujian Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Department of Urology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bijuan Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jingnan Xiang
- Department of Emergency, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wei Tian
- Department of Dermatology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Junjie Bai
- Department of Urology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Teng Zuo
- Department of Urology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bingxin Lin
- Department of Urology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yinan Guo
- Department of Urology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Song Zheng
- Department of Urology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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146
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Hall J, Zanotti G, Kim R, Krulewicz S, Leith A, Bailey A, Liu FX, Kearney M. Real-world symptoms, disease burden, resource use and quality of life in US patients with advanced renal cell cancer. Future Oncol 2021; 17:2169-2182. [PMID: 33631973 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2020-1266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To assess symptoms, healthcare resource utilization and health-related quality of life in advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) clinical practice. Materials & methods: The USA point-in-time survey of physicians and patients was conducted between February and September 2019. Results: Data were available for 227 patients. Mean (standard deviation) number of symptoms was 3.4 (3.2); differences were observed across International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium risk categories (p < 0.001), with fewer symptoms in favorable-risk patients. Disease burden, measured by greater healthcare resource utilization and worse health-related quality of life, was high, particularly in International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium intermediate- or poor- versus favorable-risk patients. In total, 45 patients (21.6%) were hospitalized due to aRCC within a 6-month period, 35 (16.8%) had one hospitalization and ten (4.8%) experienced ≥2 hospitalizations due to aRCC. Mean (standard deviation) 19-Item Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Kidney Symptom Index score was 53.6 (13.2) for this population, significantly lower than the reference value (59.8; p < 0.001). Conclusion: A clear need exists for improved disease management in patients with aRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Hall
- Adelphi Real World, Adelphi Mill, Grimshaw Lane, Bollington, Macclesfield, SK10 5JB, UK
| | | | - Ruth Kim
- Pfizer, 235 E 42nd St, NY 10017, USA
| | | | - Andrea Leith
- Adelphi Real World, Adelphi Mill, Grimshaw Lane, Bollington, Macclesfield, SK10 5JB, UK
| | - Abigail Bailey
- Adelphi Real World, Adelphi Mill, Grimshaw Lane, Bollington, Macclesfield, SK10 5JB, UK
| | - Frank X Liu
- EMD Serono, Inc., 1 Technology Place, Rockland, MA 02370, USA; an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, 64293, Germany
| | - Mairead Kearney
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, Darmstadt, 64293, Germany
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147
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Zhang Z, Wang Z, Jin L, Tan X, Wang Z, Shen L, Wei G, He D. [Effect of piRNA NU13 in regulating biological behaviors of human Wilms tumor cells in vitro]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2021; 41:184-192. [PMID: 33624590 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.02.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of the differential piRNA NU13 derived from piwil2-induced cancer stem-like cells (piwil2-iCSCs) in regulating biological behaviors of Wilms tumor cells (G401). OBJECTIVE The expressions of piRNA NU13 and NOP56 were detected in Wilms tumor cell line G401 using RT-qPCR. G401 cells were transfected with piRNA NU13 mimics and inhibitor for its over-expression and inhibition, and the transfection efficiency was verified with RT-qPCR. The changes in proliferation of G401 cells after transfection were detected using CCK8 assay, and cell apoptosis was analyzed using flow cytometry. Wound healing assay and Transwell assay were performed to examine the changes in migration and invasion abilities of the transfected cells. The binding of NOP56 and piRNA NU13 was detected using dual luciferase experiment. The protein expressions of MMP2, MMP9, BAX, Bcl2, and NOP56 in the cells were detected with Western blotting. OBJECTIVE RTqPCR showed that the expression of piRNA NU13 decreased significantly in human Wilms tumor G401 cells as compared with that in renal tubular epithelial cell line HK2 (P < 0.05), and NOP56 was highly expressed in G401 cells and Wilms tumor tissues (P < 0.05). Over-expression of piRNA NU13 significantly suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of G401 cells, promoted cell apoptosis (P < 0.05), inhibited the expression of MMP2, MMP9 and Bcl2, and enhanced the expression of BAX (P < 0.05). The results of dual luciferase experiment showed that piRNA NU13 did not bind to NOP56 directly but regulated the expression of NOP56 in an indirect manner. OBJECTIVE piRNA NU13 is down-regulated and NOP56 is highly expressed in Wilms tumor. piNU13 may regulate the expression of NOP56 indirectly to inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion and promote apoptosis of Wilms tumor cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Urologic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Z Wang
- Department of Pediatric Urologic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - L Jin
- Department of Pediatric Urologic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - X Tan
- Department of Pediatric Urologic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Z Wang
- Department of Pediatric Urologic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - L Shen
- Department of Pediatric Urologic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - G Wei
- Department of Pediatric Urologic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - D He
- Department of Pediatric Urologic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
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148
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Leite LDM, Bergerot PG, Dettino ALA, R JA, Zequi SDC, Formiga MNDC. Influence of treatment access on survival of metastatic renal cell carcinoma in brazilian cancer center. Int Braz J Urol 2021; 47:566-573. [PMID: 33621005 PMCID: PMC7993945 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2020.0443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) and immunotherapy improved survival in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Disparities in treatment access are present in healthcare systems globally. The aim of this study was to analyze survival outcomes of mRCC patients treated with first-line TKIs in the public (PHS) and private (PrS) health system in a Brazilian Cancer Center. MATERIALS AND METHODS Records from all mRCC patients treated with first-line TKIs from 2007-2018 were reviewed retrospectively. Categorial variables were compared by Fisher's exact test. Survival was estimated by Kaplan-Maier method and survival curves were compared using the log-rank test. Prognostic factors were adjusted by Cox regression model. RESULTS Of the 171 eligible patients, 37 (21.6%) were PHS patients and 134 (78.4%) were PrS patients. There were no difference in age, gender, or sites of metastasis. PHS patients had worse performance status (ECOG ≥2, 35.1% vs. 13.5%, p=0.007), poorer risk score (IMDC poor risk, 32.4% vs. 16.4%, p=0.09), and less nephrectomies (73% vs. 92.5%, p=0.003) than PrS patients. Median lines of therapy was one for PHS versus two for PrS patients (p=0.03). Median overall survival (OS) was 16.5 versus 26.5 months (p=0.002) and progression-free survival (PFS), 8.4 versus 11 months (p=0.01) for PHS and PrS patients, respectively. After adjusting for known prognostic factors on multivariate analysis, PHS patients still had a higher risk of death (HR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.01-2.56, p=0.047). CONCLUSION Patients with mRCC treated via the PHS had worse overall survival, possibly due to poorer prognosis at presentation and less drug access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana de M Leite
- Departamento de Oncologia Médica, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Paulo G Bergerot
- Department of Medical Oncology and Experimental Therapeutics, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Aldo L A Dettino
- Departamento de Oncologia Médica, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - José Augusto R
- Departamento de Oncologia Médica, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Stenio de C Zequi
- Departamento de Urologia Oncológica, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Oncogenômica e Inovação Terapêutica, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Maria Nirvana da C Formiga
- Departamento de Oncologia Médica, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Oncogenômica e Inovação Terapêutica, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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149
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Cechova M, Chocholaty M, Babjuk M, Zima T, Havlova K, Koldova M, Schmidt M, Kalousova M. Diagnostic and prognostic value of placental growth factor serum concentration in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2021; 165:375-379. [PMID: 33612835 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2021.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Placental Growth Factor (PlGF) plays a crucial role in angiogenesis and was identified as a potential prognostic biomarker in various types of cancer. Therefore, we evaluated the diagnostic accuracy and prognostic value of PlGF serum concentration in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 49 patients subjected to partial or radical nephrectomy for ccRCC [localized without relapse (lccRCC; n=31), localized with later relapse (rccRCC; n=8), primary metastatic cancer (mccRCC; n=10); median of follow-up 4.4 years] were enrolled in a prospective study to assess the significance of PlGF serum concentration. PlGF was measured prior to surgery and 3 months postoperatively. Our control group consisted of 38 healthy subjects. RESULTS PlGF serum concentration was significantly higher in ccRCC compared to controls (P=0.002). The cut-off value of PlGF concentration for the risk of ccRCC was determined at 12.71 pg/mL (AUC=0.729; P=0.0001). Prior to surgery, among ccRCC subgroups, significantly higher PlGF concentration was detected in mccRCC compared to lccRCC (P=0.002). Postoperatively, we observed a tendency to higher PlGF serum concentration in rccRCC compared to lccRCC subgroup, however without significance (P=0.17). The cut-off value for the risk of relapse was 11.41 pg/mL (AUC=0.792; P=0.0003). In subjects with localized ccRCC with PlGF concentration below 11.41 pg/mL 3-years cancer specific survival was 93% compared to 61% in subject with concentration above the cut-off value (P=0.018). CONCLUSION Based on our findings, PlGF serum concentration seems to be a useful biomarker in diagnostics and prediction of prognosis in ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marek Babjuk
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Motol and 2
| | - Tomas Zima
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, General University Hospital and 1
| | - Klara Havlova
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Motol and 2
| | | | - Marek Schmidt
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Motol and 2
| | - Marta Kalousova
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, General University Hospital and 1
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150
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Li W, Song YYY, Rao T, Yu WM, Ruan Y, Ning JZ, Yao XB, Yang SYS, Cheng F. CircCSNK1G3 up-regulates miR-181b to promote growth and metastasis via TIMP3-mediated epithelial to mesenchymal transitions in renal cell carcinoma. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 26:1729-1741. [PMID: 33560588 PMCID: PMC8918408 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common form of kidney cancer, with a high recurrence rate and metastasis capacity. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been suggested to act as the critical regulator in several diseases. This study is designed to investigate the role of circCSNK1G3 on RCC progression. We observed a highly expression of circCSNK1G3 in RCC tissues compared with normal tissues. The aberrantly circCSNK1G3 promoted the tumour growth and metastasis in RCC. In the subsequent mechanism investigation, we discovered that the tumour‐promoting effects of circCSNK1G3 were, at least partly, achieved by up‐regulating miR‐181b. Increased miR‐181b inhibits several tumour suppressor gene, including CYLD, LATS2, NDRG2 and TIMP3. Furthermore, the decreased TIMP3 leads to the enhanced epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, thus promoting the cancer metastasis. In conclusion, we identified the oncogenic role of circCSNK1G3 in RCC progression and demonstrated the regulatory role of circCSNK1G3 induced miR‐181b expression, which leads to TIMP3‐mediated EMT process, thus resulting in tumour growth and metastasis in RCC. This study reveals the promise of circCSNK1G3 to be developed as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in the clinic. And the roles of circCSNK1G3 in cancer research deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- Department of Emergency, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang-Yi-Yan Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Rao
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei-Min Yu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Ruan
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin-Zhuo Ning
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Yao
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Song-Yi-Sha Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Fan Cheng
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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