Brooks AJ, Wooh JW, Tunny KA, Waters MJ. Growth hormone receptor; mechanism of action.
Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2007;
40:1984-9. [PMID:
17888716 DOI:
10.1016/j.biocel.2007.07.008]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2007] [Revised: 07/12/2007] [Accepted: 07/13/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The growth hormone receptor has been an archetype for ligand-induced receptor dimerisation in cytokine receptor signalling. However, we now know that it exists as a constitutive dimer and is activated by a reorganisation of receptor subunits as a result of asymmetric placement of two receptor binding sites on the hormone monomer. This review highlights several topics including: current models of receptor activation; recent advances in the understanding of GH signalling demonstrating that ligand-induced signalling activates Src/ERK pathway in parallel to the classical JAK2-STAT5 signalling; and the nuclear localised growth hormone receptor correlates with high proliferation status and carcinogenesis.
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