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Patel JM, Saleh KS, Burdick JA, Mauck RL. Bioactive factors for cartilage repair and regeneration: Improving delivery, retention, and activity. Acta Biomater 2019; 93:222-238. [PMID: 30711660 PMCID: PMC6616001 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Articular cartilage is a remarkable tissue whose sophisticated composition and architecture allow it to withstand complex stresses within the joint. Once injured, cartilage lacks the capacity to self-repair, and injuries often progress to joint wide osteoarthritis (OA) resulting in debilitating pain and loss of mobility. Current palliative and surgical management provides short-term symptom relief, but almost always progresses to further deterioration in the long term. A number of bioactive factors, including drugs, corticosteroids, and growth factors, have been utilized in the clinic, in clinical trials, or in emerging research studies to alleviate the inflamed joint environment or to promote new cartilage tissue formation. However, these therapies remain limited in their duration and effectiveness. For this reason, current efforts are focused on improving the localization, retention, and activity of these bioactive factors. The purpose of this review is to highlight recent advances in drug delivery for the treatment of damaged or degenerated cartilage. First, we summarize material and modification techniques to improve the delivery of these factors to damaged tissue and enhance their retention and action within the joint environment. Second, we discuss recent studies using novel methods to promote new cartilage formation via biofactor delivery, that have potential for improving future long-term clinical outcomes. Lastly, we review the emerging field of orthobiologics, using delivered and endogenous cells as drug-delivering "factories" to preserve and restore joint health. Enhancing drug delivery systems can improve both restorative and regenerative treatments for damaged cartilage. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Articular cartilage is a remarkable and sophisticated tissue that tolerates complex stresses within the joint. When injured, cartilage cannot self-repair, and these injuries often progress to joint-wide osteoarthritis, causing patients debilitating pain and loss of mobility. Current palliative and surgical treatments only provide short-term symptomatic relief and are limited with regards to efficiency and efficacy. Bioactive factors, such as drugs and growth factors, can improve outcomes to either stabilize the degenerated environment or regenerate replacement tissue. This review highlights recent advances and novel techniques to enhance the delivery, localization, retention, and activity of these factors, providing an overview of the cartilage drug delivery field that can guide future research in restorative and regenerative treatments for damaged cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay M Patel
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Kamiel S Saleh
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Jason A Burdick
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Robert L Mauck
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Translational Musculoskeletal Research Center, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
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102
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Intra-articularly injected mesenchymal stem cells promote cartilage regeneration, but do not permanently engraft in distant organs. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10153. [PMID: 31300685 PMCID: PMC6626061 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46554-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Intra-articular (IA) injection of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) promotes articular cartilage repair. However, cell fate and action after transplantation remain unclear. This study aimed at evaluating the biodistribution and efficacy of MSCs after IA injection. We used an immunocompetent, dual transgenic rat model, which is based on donor rats ubiquitously expressing heat stable human placental alkaline phosphatase (ALPP), and recipient rats expressing a heat sensitive ALPP form. A focal cartilage defect was created in the patellofemoral groove of recipient rats. Bone marrow-derived MSCs isolated from donor rats were injected into the synovial cavity of recipients, and cell tracking was performed in distant organs and knees over 6 months post-injection. A few donor MSCs were observed in the lung of one of the recipients, 1 day post-injection. We failed to detect donor MSCs in any of the studied tissues at all later time points. IA-injected MSCs remained in the synovial cavity, engrafted within the cartilage lesion, and were detectable up to 1 month post-injection. Although the number of MSCs decreased over time, MSCs injection promoted cartilage regeneration as evidenced by histology and immunofluorescent collagen staining. Our study supports the safety and efficacy of using MSCs for cartilage repair via IA delivery.
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103
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Mahmoud EE, Adachi N, Mawas AS, Deie M, Ochi M. Multiple intra-articular injections of allogeneic bone marrow-derived stem cells potentially improve knee lesions resulting from surgically induced osteoarthritis: an animal study. Bone Joint J 2019; 101-B:824-831. [PMID: 31256666 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.101b7.bjj-2018-1532.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have several properties that may support their use as an early treatment option for osteoarthritis (OA). This study investigated the role of multiple injections of allogeneic bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs) to alleviate the progression of osteoarthritic changes in the various structures of the mature rabbit knee in an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-deficient OA model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two months after bilateral section of the ACL of Japanese white rabbits aged nine months or more, either phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or 1 x 106 MSCs were injected into the knee joint in single or three consecutive doses. After two months, the articular cartilage and meniscus were assessed macroscopically, histologically, and immunohistochemically using collagen I and II. RESULTS Within the PBS injection (control group), typical progressive degenerative changes were revealed in the various knee structures. In the single MSC injection (single group), osteoarthritic changes were attenuated, but still appeared, especially in the medial compartments involving fibrillation of the articular cartilage, osteophyte formation in the medial plateau, and longitudinal tear of the meniscus. In the multiple-injections group, the smoothness and texture of the articular cartilage and meniscus were improved. Histologically, absence or reduction in matrix staining and cellularity were noticeable in the control and single-injection groups, respectively, in contrast to the multiple-injections group, which showed good intensity of matrix staining and chondrocyte distribution in the various cartilage zones. Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scoring showed significantly better results in the multiple-injections group than in the other groups. Immunohistochemically, collagen I existed superficially in the medial femoral condyle in the single group, while collagen II was more evident in the multiple-injections group than the single-injection group. CONCLUSION A single injection of MSCs was not enough to restore the condition of osteoarthritic joints. This is in contrast to multiple injections of MSCs, which had the ability to replace lost cells, as well as reducing inflammation. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:824-831.
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Affiliation(s)
- E E Mahmoud
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - N Adachi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Integrated Health Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - A S Mawas
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - M Deie
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan
| | - M Ochi
- Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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104
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Ko JY, Lee J, Lee J, Ryu YH, Im GI. SOX-6, 9-Transfected Adipose Stem Cells to Treat Surgically-Induced Osteoarthritis in Goats. Tissue Eng Part A 2019; 25:990-1000. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2018.0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yun Ko
- Research Institute for Integrative Regenerative Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jimin Lee
- Research Institute for Integrative Regenerative Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungsun Lee
- Research and Development Institute, Biosolution Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang Hwan Ryu
- Research and Development Institute, Biosolution Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gun-Il Im
- Research Institute for Integrative Regenerative Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
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105
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Torres-Torrillas M, Rubio M, Damia E, Cuervo B, Del Romero A, Peláez P, Chicharro D, Miguel L, Sopena JJ. Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Promising Tool in the Treatment of Musculoskeletal Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20123105. [PMID: 31242644 PMCID: PMC6627452 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20123105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic musculoskeletal (MSK) pain is one of the most common medical complaints worldwide and musculoskeletal injuries have an enormous social and economical impact. Current pharmacological and surgical treatments aim to relief pain and restore function; however, unsatiscactory outcomes are commonly reported. In order to find an accurate treatment to such pathologies, over the last years, there has been a significantly increasing interest in cellular therapies, such as adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs). These cells represent a relatively new strategy in regenerative medicine, with many potential applications, especially regarding MSK disorders, and preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated their efficacy in muscle, tendon, bone and cartilage regeneration. Nevertheless, several worries about their safety and side effects at long-term remain unsolved. This article aims to review the current state of AMSCs therapy in the treatment of several MSK diseases and their clinical applications in veterinary and human medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Torres-Torrillas
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Monica Rubio
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
- García Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Elena Damia
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Belen Cuervo
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Ayla Del Romero
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Pau Peláez
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Deborah Chicharro
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Laura Miguel
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Joaquin J Sopena
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
- García Cugat Foundation CEU-UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
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106
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Sasaki A, Mizuno M, Mochizuki M, Sekiya I. Mesenchymal stem cells for cartilage regeneration in dogs. World J Stem Cells 2019; 11:254-269. [PMID: 31171954 PMCID: PMC6545524 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v11.i5.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage damage and osteoarthritis (OA) are common orthopedic diseases in both humans and dogs. Once damaged, the articular cartilage seldom undergoes spontaneous repair because of its avascular, aneural, and alymphatic state, and the damage progresses to a chronic and painful situation. Dogs have distinctive characteristics compared to other laboratory animal species in that they share an OA pathology with humans. Dogs can also require treatment for naturally developed OA; therefore, effective treatment methods for OA are desired in veterinary medicine as well as in human medicine. Recently, interest has grown in regenerative medicine that includes the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In cartilage repair, MSCs are a promising therapeutic tool due to their self-renewal capacity, ability to differentiate into cartilage, potential for trophic factor production, and capacity for immunomodulation. The MSCs from dogs (canine MSCs; cMSCs) share various characteristics with MSCs from other animal species, but they show some deviations, particularly in their differentiation ability and surface epitope expression. In vivo studies of cMSCs have demonstrated that intraarticular cMSC injection into cartilage lesions results in excellent hyaline cartilage regeneration. In clinical situations, cMSCs have shown great therapeutic effects, including amelioration of pain and lameness in dogs suffering from OA. However, some issues remain, such as a lack of regulations or guidelines and a need for unified methods for the use of cMSCs. This review summarizes what is known about cMSCs, including their in vitro characteristics, their therapeutic effects in cartilage lesion treatment in preclinical in vivo studies, their clinical efficacy for treatment of naturally developed OA in dogs, and the current limitations of cMSC studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akari Sasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Emergency Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Mizuno
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Manabu Mochizuki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Emergency Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Ichiro Sekiya
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
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107
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Allen SR, Wright A. Stem cell therapy for knee osteoarthritis: a narrative review of a rapidly evolving treatment with implications for physical therapy management. PHYSICAL THERAPY REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10833196.2019.1585674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Ruth Allen
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Anthony Wright
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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108
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Evans CH, Ghivizzani SC, Robbins PD. Gene Delivery to Joints by Intra-Articular Injection. Hum Gene Ther 2019; 29:2-14. [PMID: 29160173 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2017.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Most forms of arthritis are incurable, difficult to treat, and a major cause of disability in Western countries. Better local treatment of arthritis is impaired by the pharmacokinetics of the joint that make it very difficult to deliver drugs to joints at sustained, therapeutic concentrations. This is especially true of biologic drugs, such as proteins and RNA, many of which show great promise in preclinical studies. Gene transfer provides a strategy for overcoming this limitation. The basic concept is to deliver cDNAs encoding therapeutic products by direct intra-articular injection, leading to sustained, endogenous synthesis of the gene products within the joint. Proof of concept has been achieved for both in vivo and ex vivo gene delivery using a variety of vectors, genes, and cells in several different animal models. There have been a small number of clinical trials for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) using retrovirus vectors for ex vivo gene delivery and adeno-associated virus (AAV) for in vivo delivery. AAV is of particular interest because, unlike other viral vectors, it is able to penetrate deep within articular cartilage and transduce chondrocytes in situ. This property is of particular importance in OA, where changes in chondrocyte metabolism are thought to be fundamental to the pathophysiology of the disease. Authorities in Korea have recently approved the world's first arthritis gene therapy. This targets OA by the injection of allogeneic chondrocytes that have been transduced with a retrovirus carrying transforming growth factor-β1 cDNA. Phase III studies are scheduled to start in the United States soon. Meanwhile, two additional Phase I trials are listed on Clinicaltrials.gov , both using AAV. One targets RA by transferring interferon-β, and the other targets OA by transferring interleukin-1 receptor antagonist. The field is thus gaining momentum and promises to improve the treatment of these common and debilitating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher H Evans
- 1 Rehabilitation Medicine Research Center, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Steven C Ghivizzani
- 2 Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida College of Medicine , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Paul D Robbins
- 3 Department of Metabolism and Aging, The Scripps Research Institute , Jupiter, Florida
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109
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Synovium-Derived Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells and their Promise for Cartilage Regeneration. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1212:87-106. [PMID: 31069722 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2019_381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Adult tissues are reservoirs of rare populations of cells known as mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) that have tissue-regenerating features retained from embryonic development. As well as building up the musculoskeletal system in early life, MSCs also replenish and repair tissues in adult life, such as bone, cartilage, muscle, and adipose tissue. Cells that show regenerative features at least in vitro have been identified from several connective tissues. Bone marrow and adipose tissue are the most well recognized sources of MSCs that are already used widely in clinical practice. Regenerative medicine aims to exploit MSCs and their tissue regeneration even though the underlying mechanisms for their beneficial effects are largely unknown. Despite many studies that have used various tissue-derived MSCs, the most effective tissue source for orthopedic procedures still remains to be identified. Another question that needs to be addressed is how to evaluate autologous MSCs (i.e., patient derived). Previous studies have suggested the features of bone-marrow-derived MSCs can differ widely between individuals, and can be changed in particular in patients suffering from some forms of degenerative disorder, such as osteoarthritis. The synovium is a thin membrane that protects the synovial joints, and it is a rich source of MSCs that show great potential for regenerative medicine. Here, we review synovium-derived MSCs from reports on basic and clinical studies. We discuss their potential to treat cartilage defects caused by either degeneration or trauma, and what needs to be done in further research toward their better exploitation for joint regeneration.
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110
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Matas J, Orrego M, Amenabar D, Infante C, Tapia-Limonchi R, Cadiz MI, Alcayaga-Miranda F, González PL, Muse E, Khoury M, Figueroa FE, Espinoza F. Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) for Knee Osteoarthritis: Repeated MSC Dosing Is Superior to a Single MSC Dose and to Hyaluronic Acid in a Controlled Randomized Phase I/II Trial. Stem Cells Transl Med 2018; 8:215-224. [PMID: 30592390 PMCID: PMC6392367 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of pain and disability. Although conventional treatments show modest benefits, pilot and phase I/II trials with bone marrow (BM) and adipose‐derived (AD) mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) point to the feasibility, safety, and occurrence of clinical and structural improvement in focal or diffuse disease. This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of the intra‐articular injection of single or repeated umbilical cord‐derived (UC) MSCs in knee OA. UC‐MSCs were cultured in an International Organization for Standardization 9001:2015 certified Good Manufacturing Practice‐type Laboratory. Patients with symptomatic knee OA were randomized to receive hyaluronic acid at baseline and 6 months (HA, n = 8), single‐dose (20 × 106) UC‐MSC at baseline (MSC‐1, n = 9), or repeated UC‐MSC doses at baseline and 6 months (20 × 106 × 2; MSC‐2, n = 9). Clinical scores and magnetic resonance images (MRIs) were assessed throughout the 12 months follow‐up. No severe adverse events were reported. Only MSC‐treated patients experienced significant pain and function improvements from baseline (p = .001). At 12 months, Western Ontario and Mc Master Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC‐A; pain subscale) reached significantly lower levels of pain in the MSC‐2‐treated group (1.1 ± 1.3) as compared with the HA group (4.3 ± 3.5; p = .04). Pain Visual Analog scale was significantly lower in the MSC‐2 group versus the HA group (2.4 ± 2.1 vs. 22.1 ± 9.8, p = .03) at 12 months. For total WOMAC, MSC‐2 had lower scores than HA at 12 months (4.2 ± 3.9 vs. 15.2 ± 11, p = .05). No differences in MRI scores were detected. In a phase I/II trial (NCT02580695), repeated UC‐MSC treatment is safe and superior to active comparator in knee OA at 1‐year follow‐up. stem cells translational medicine2019;8:215&224
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Matas
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mario Orrego
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego Amenabar
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Rafael Tapia-Limonchi
- Cells for Cells & Consorcio Regenero, Santiago, Chile.,Program for Translational Research in Cell Therapy, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Francisca Alcayaga-Miranda
- Cells for Cells & Consorcio Regenero, Santiago, Chile.,Program for Translational Research in Cell Therapy, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paz L González
- Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Emilio Muse
- Department of Radiology, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maroun Khoury
- Cells for Cells & Consorcio Regenero, Santiago, Chile.,Program for Translational Research in Cell Therapy, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernando E Figueroa
- Program for Translational Research in Cell Therapy, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratory of Nano-Regenerative Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Rheumatology, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Espinoza
- Cells for Cells & Consorcio Regenero, Santiago, Chile.,Program for Translational Research in Cell Therapy, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Rheumatology, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
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111
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Neybecker P, Henrionnet C, Pape E, Mainard D, Galois L, Loeuille D, Gillet P, Pinzano A. In vitro and in vivo potentialities for cartilage repair from human advanced knee osteoarthritis synovial fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:329. [PMID: 30486903 PMCID: PMC6263063 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1071-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are found in synovial fluid (SF) and can easily be harvested during arthrocentesis or arthroscopy. However, SF-MSC characterization and chondrogenicity in collagen sponges have been poorly documented as well as their hypothetical in vivo chondroprotective properties with intra-articular injections during experimental osteoarthritis (OA). Methods SF-MSCs were isolated from human SF aspirates in patients suffering from advanced OA undergoing total knee joint replacements. SF-MSCs at passage 2 (P2) were characterized by flow cytometry for epitope profiling. SF-MSCs at P2 were subsequently cultured in vitro to assess their multilineage potentials. To assess their chondrogenicity, SF-MSCs at P4 were seeded in collagen sponges for 4 weeks under various oxygen tensions and growth factors combinations to estimate their gene profile and matrix production. Also, SF-MSCs were injected into the joints in a nude rat anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) to macroscopically and histologically assess their possible chondroprotective properties,. Results We characterized the stemness (CD73+, CD90+, CD105+, CD34−, CD45−) and demonstrated the multilineage potency of SF-MSCs in vitro. Furthermore, the chondrogenic induction (TGF-ß1 ± BMP-2) of these SF-MSCs in collagen sponges demonstrated a good capacity of chondrogenic gene induction and extracellular matrix synthesis. Surprisingly, hypoxia did not enhance matrix synthesis, although it boosted chondrogenic gene expression (ACAN, SOX9, COL2A1). Besides, intra-articular injections of xenogenic SF-MSCs did exert neither chondroprotection nor inflammation in ACLT-induced OA in the rat knee. Conclusions Advanced OA SF-MSCs seem better candidates for cell-based constructs conceived for cartilage defects rather than intra-articular injections for diffuse OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Neybecker
- UMR 7365 CNRS-UL, IMoPA (Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire), Biopôle de l'Université de Lorraine, Campus Brabois-Santé, 9 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, BP 20199, 54505, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Christel Henrionnet
- UMR 7365 CNRS-UL, IMoPA (Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire), Biopôle de l'Université de Lorraine, Campus Brabois-Santé, 9 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, BP 20199, 54505, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Elise Pape
- UMR 7365 CNRS-UL, IMoPA (Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire), Biopôle de l'Université de Lorraine, Campus Brabois-Santé, 9 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, BP 20199, 54505, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Didier Mainard
- UMR 7365 CNRS-UL, IMoPA (Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire), Biopôle de l'Université de Lorraine, Campus Brabois-Santé, 9 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, BP 20199, 54505, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France.,Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique, Traumatologique et Arthroscopique, CHRU Nancy, 29 Avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny CO 60034, F54035, Nancy, France
| | - Laurent Galois
- UMR 7365 CNRS-UL, IMoPA (Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire), Biopôle de l'Université de Lorraine, Campus Brabois-Santé, 9 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, BP 20199, 54505, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France.,Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique, Traumatologique et Arthroscopique, CHRU Nancy, 29 Avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny CO 60034, F54035, Nancy, France
| | - Damien Loeuille
- UMR 7365 CNRS-UL, IMoPA (Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire), Biopôle de l'Université de Lorraine, Campus Brabois-Santé, 9 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, BP 20199, 54505, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France.,Service de Rhumatologie, CHRU de Nancy, Hôpitaux de Brabois, Bâtiment des Spécialités Médicales, 5 rue du Morvan, F54511, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Pierre Gillet
- UMR 7365 CNRS-UL, IMoPA (Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire), Biopôle de l'Université de Lorraine, Campus Brabois-Santé, 9 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, BP 20199, 54505, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Astrid Pinzano
- UMR 7365 CNRS-UL, IMoPA (Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire), Biopôle de l'Université de Lorraine, Campus Brabois-Santé, 9 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, BP 20199, 54505, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France. .,Service de Rhumatologie, CHRU de Nancy, Hôpitaux de Brabois, Bâtiment des Spécialités Médicales, 5 rue du Morvan, F54511, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
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Im GI. Tissue Engineering in Osteoarthritis: Current Status and Prospect of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy. BioDrugs 2018; 32:183-192. [PMID: 29704190 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-018-0276-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis. Over the last 20 years, attempts have been made to regenerate articular cartilage to overcome the limitations of conventional treatments. As OA is generally associated with larger and diffuse involvement of articular surfaces and alteration of joint homeostasis, a tissue engineering approach for cartilage regeneration is more difficult than in simple chondral defects. Autologous and allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have rapidly emerged as investigational products for cartilage regeneration. This review outlines points to consider in MSC-based approaches for OA treatment, including allogeneic MSCs, sources of MSCs, dosages, feasibility of multiple injections, indication according to severity of OA lesion and patient age, and issues regarding implantation versus injection. We introduce possible mechanisms of action of implanted or injected MSCs as well as the immunological aspects of MSC therapy and provide a summary of clinical trials of MSCs in the treatment of OA. Given current knowledge, it is too early to draw conclusions on the ultimate effectiveness of intra-articular application of MSCs in terms of regenerative effects. Further radiological and histological data will be needed, with a larger pool of patients, before this question can be answered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gun-Il Im
- Department of Orthopaedics, Research Institute for Integrative Regenerative Medical Engineering, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, 814 Siksa-Dong, Goyang, 410-773, Republic of Korea.
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113
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Endisha H, Rockel J, Jurisica I, Kapoor M. The complex landscape of microRNAs in articular cartilage: biology, pathology, and therapeutic targets. JCI Insight 2018; 3:121630. [PMID: 30185670 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.121630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The disabling degenerative disease osteoarthritis (OA) is prevalent among the global population. Articular cartilage degeneration is a central feature of OA; therefore, a better understanding of the mechanisms that maintain cartilage homeostasis is vital for developing effective therapeutic interventions. MicroRNAs (miRs) modulate cell signaling pathways and various processes in articular cartilage via posttranscriptional repression of target genes. As dysregulated miRs frequently alter the homeostasis of articular cartilage, modulating select miRs presents a potential therapeutic opportunity for OA. Here, we review key miRs that have been shown to modulate cartilage-protective or -destructive mechanisms and signaling pathways. Additionally, we use an integrative computational biology approach to provide insight into predicted miR gene targets that may contribute to OA pathogenesis, and highlight the complexity of miR signaling in OA by generating both unique and overlapping gene targets of miRs that mediate protective or destructive effects. Early OA detection would enable effective prevention; thus, miRs are being explored as diagnostic biomarkers. We discuss these ongoing efforts and the applicability of miR mimics and antisense inhibitors as potential OA therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helal Endisha
- Arthritis Program, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jason Rockel
- Arthritis Program, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Igor Jurisica
- Arthritis Program, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Departments of Medical Biophysics and Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Mohit Kapoor
- Arthritis Program, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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114
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Transplanted interleukin-4--secreting mesenchymal stromal cells show extended survival and increased bone mineral density in the murine femur. Cytotherapy 2018; 20:1028-1036. [PMID: 30077567 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-based therapy has great potential to modulate chronic inflammation and enhance tissue regeneration. Crosstalk between MSC-lineage cells and polarized macrophages is critical for bone formation and remodeling in inflammatory bone diseases. However, the translational application of this interaction is limited by the short-term viability of MSCs after cell transplantation. METHODS Three types of genetically modified (GM) MSCs were created: (1) luciferase-expressing reporter MSCs; (2) MSCs that secrete interleukin (IL)-4 either constitutively; and (3) MSCs that secrete IL-4 as a response to nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell (NFκB) activation. Cells were injected into the murine distal femoral bone marrow cavity. MSC viability and bone formation were examined in vivo. Cytokine secretion was determined in a femoral explant organ culture model. RESULTS The reporter MSCs survived up to 4 weeks post-implantation. No difference in the number of viable cells was found between high (2.5 × 106) and low (0.5 × 106) cell-injected groups. Injection of 2.5 × 106 reporter MSCs increased local bone mineral density at 4 weeks post-implantation. Injection of 0.5 × 106 constitutive IL-4 or NFκB-sensing IL-4-secreting MSCs increased bone mineral density at 2 weeks post-implantation. In the femoral explant organ culture model, LPS treatment induced IL-4 secretion in the NFκB-sensing IL-4-secreting MSC group and IL-10 secretion in all the femur samples. No significant differences in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α and IL-1β secretion were observed between the MSC-transplanted and control groups in the explant culture. DISCUSSION Transplanted GM MSCs demonstrated prolonged cell viability when transplanted to a compatible niche within the bone marrow cavity. GM IL-4-secreting MSCs may have great potential to enhance bone regeneration in disorders associated with chronic inflammation.
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115
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Macrin D, Joseph JP, Pillai AA, Devi A. Eminent Sources of Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Therapeutic Imminence. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2018; 13:741-756. [PMID: 28812219 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-017-9759-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the recent times, stem cell biology has garnered the attention of the scientific fraternity and the general public alike due to the immense therapeutic potential that it holds in the field of regenerative medicine. A breakthrough in this direction came with the isolation of stem cells from human embryo and their differentiation into cell types of all three germ layers. However, the isolation of mesenchymal stem cells from adult tissues proved to be advantageous over embryonic stem cells due to the ethical and immunological naivety. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) isolated from the bone marrow were found to differentiate into multiple cell lineages with the help of appropriate differentiation factors. Furthermore, other sources of stem cells including adipose tissue, dental pulp, and breast milk have been identified. Newer sources of stem cells have been emerging recently and their clinical applications are also being studied. In this review, we examine the eminent sources of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs), their immunophenotypes, and therapeutic imminence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dannie Macrin
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Joel P Joseph
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Arikketh Devi
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Damia E, Chicharro D, Lopez S, Cuervo B, Rubio M, Sopena JJ, Vilar JM, Carrillo JM. Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Are They a Good Therapeutic Strategy for Osteoarthritis? Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19071926. [PMID: 29966351 PMCID: PMC6073660 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a major cause of disability in elderly population around the world. More than one-third of people over 65 years old shows either clinical or radiological evidence of OA. There is no effective treatment for this degenerative disease, due to the limited capacity for spontaneous cartilage regeneration. Regarding the use of regenerative therapies, it has been reported that one option to restore degenerated cartilage are adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs). The purpose of this review is to describe and compare the efficacy of ASCs versus other therapies in OA. Methods: Recent studies have shown that ASCs exert paracrine effects protecting against degenerative changes in chondrocytes. According to the above, we have carried out a review of the literature using a combination of osteoarthritis, stem cells, and regenerative therapies as keywords. Results: Conventional pharmacological therapies for OA treatment are considered before the surgical option, however, they do not stop the progression of the disease. Moreover, total joint replacement is not recommended for patients under 55 years, and high tibia osteotomy (HTO) is a viable solution to address lower limb malalignment with concomitant OA, but some complications have been described. In recent years, the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as a treatment strategy for OA is increasing considerably, thanks to their capacity to improve symptoms together with joint functionality and, therefore, the patients’ quality of life. Conclusions: ASC therapy has a positive effect on patients with OA, although there is limited evidence and little long-term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Damia
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Deborah Chicharro
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Sergio Lopez
- Department of Animal Pathology. Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias. University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35416 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - Belen Cuervo
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Monica Rubio
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Joaquin J Sopena
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jose Manuel Vilar
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Animal Pathology. Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias. University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35416 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - Jose Maria Carrillo
- Bioregenerative Medicine and Applied Surgery Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, CEU Universities, C/Tirant lo Blanc, 7, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
- Garcia Cugat Foundation CEU UCH Chair of Medicine and Regenerative Surgery, 08006 Barcelona, Spain.
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Intra-Articular Injection of Alginate-Microencapsulated Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis in Rabbits. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:2791632. [PMID: 30046312 PMCID: PMC6038583 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2791632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effects of intra-articular injections of alginate-microencapsulated adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) during osteoarthritis (OA) development in a rabbit model of anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT). We induced OA in mature New Zealand white rabbits by bilateral ACLT. Stifle joints were categorised into four groups according to intra-articular injection materials. Alginate microbeads and microencapsulated ASCs were prepared using the vibrational nozzle technology. Two weeks after ACLT, the rabbits received three consecutive weekly intra-articular injections of 0.9% NaCl, alginate microbeads, ASCs, or microencapsulated ASCs, into each joint. Nine weeks after ACLT, we euthanised the rabbits and collected bilateral femoral condyles for macroscopic, histological, and immunohistochemical analyses. Macroscopic evaluation using the modified OA Research Society International (OARSI) score and total cartilage damage score showed that cartilage degradation on the femoral condyle was relatively low in the microencapsulated-ASC group. Histological analysis of the lateral femoral condyles indicated that microencapsulated ASCs had significant chondroprotective effects. Immunohistochemically, the expression of MMP-13 after the articular cartilage damage was relatively low in the microencapsulated-ASC-treated stifle joints. During the development of experimental OA, as compared to ASCs alone, intra-articular injection of microencapsulated ASCs significantly decreased the progression and extent of OA.
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118
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ALK5 transfection of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to repair osteoarthritis of knee joint. Biodes Manuf 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s42242-018-0012-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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119
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Comparison of Regenerative Tissue Quality following Matrix-Associated Cell Implantation Using Amplified Chondrocytes Compared to Synovium-Derived Stem Cells in a Rabbit Model for Cartilage Lesions. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:4142031. [PMID: 29765410 PMCID: PMC5933044 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4142031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Known problems of the autologous chondrocyte implantation motivate the search for cellular alternatives. The aim of the study was to test the potential of synovium-derived stem cells (SMSC) to regenerate cartilage using a matrix-associated implantation. In an osteochondral defect model of the medial femoral condyle in a rabbit, a collagen membrane was seeded with either culture-expanded allogenic chondrocytes or SMSC and then transplanted into the lesion. A tailored piece synovium served as a control. Rabbit SMSC formed typical cartilage in vitro. Macroscopic evaluation of defect healing and the thickness of the regenerated tissue did not reveal a significant difference between the intervention groups. However, instantaneous and shear modulus, reflecting the biomechanical strength of the repair tissue, was superior in the implantation group using allogenic chondrocytes (p < 0.05). This correlated with a more chondrogenic structure and higher proteoglycan expression, resulting in a lower OARSI score (p < 0.05). The repair tissue of all groups expressed comparable amounts of the collagen types I, II, and X. Cartilage regeneration following matrix-associated implantation using allogenic undifferentiated synovium-derived stem cells in a defect model in rabbits showed similar macroscopic results and collagen composition compared to amplified chondrocytes; however, biomechanical characteristics and histological scoring were inferior.
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120
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De Bari C, Roelofs AJ. Stem cell-based therapeutic strategies for cartilage defects and osteoarthritis. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2018; 40:74-80. [PMID: 29625333 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The gold standard cell therapy for repair of articular cartilage defects is autologous chondrocyte implantation, with good outcomes long-term. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) from bone marrow or connective tissues such as fat are being pursued as alternatives for cartilage repair, and are trialled via intra-articular administration in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Early-phase clinical studies concur on safety and provide some promising insight into efficacy, but the mechanism of action remains unclear. Recent studies implicate extracellular vesicles as important mediators of MSC action, offering exciting therapeutic prospects. Our increasing understanding of the mechanisms underlying intrinsic articular cartilage maintenance and repair fosters hope that novel/repurposed therapeutics could elicit repair through activation of endogenous stem/progenitor cells to maintain healthy joints and prevent osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosimo De Bari
- Arthritis & Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Aberdeen Centre for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, UK.
| | - Anke J Roelofs
- Arthritis & Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Aberdeen Centre for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, UK
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121
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Xing D, Kwong J, Yang Z, Hou Y, Zhang W, Ma B, Lin J. Intra-articular injection of mesenchymal stem cells in treating knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review of animal studies. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2018; 26:445-461. [PMID: 29427723 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) injection has emerged as a novel treatment for knee osteoarthritis (KOA) but with inconsistent results in the experimental studies. Thus, the purpose of the present study is to evaluate the preclinical animal studies of MSCs injection for KOA and to determine the evidence for a role for MSCs in further clinical trials. METHODS A systematic search of KOA animal studies published through Aug 2017 was conducted using the PubMed, Embase and Web of science. Criteria for eligibility were animal studies assessing the therapeutic effects of MSCs intra-articular injection to animals with KOA. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed by the SYRCLE tool for assessing risk of bias in animal intervention studies. Descriptive synthesis was performed. Evidence quality was evaluated based on the Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research (CERQual) tool. RESULTS Twenty-three KOA animal studies were eligible for inclusion. According to the SYRCLE's tool, all included studies had high risk of bias. Between-study heterogeneity was substantial. The included studies varied in terms of species, modeling methods, MSCs origin, treatment timing, injections frequency, transplantation type and dose of MSCs. The following outcomes, gross morphology, histological analysis, immunohistochemical analysis, radiological evaluation or behavior analysis, were reported in the primary studies. For all outcomes, the evidence quality was low or very low. CONCLUSIONS We do not have absolute confidence to recommend use MSCs injection for KOA clinical trials. Based on the internal and external validity of current animal studies, high quality experimental studies and efforts for effective translation from preclinical studies to clinical trials are still required.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Xing
- Arthritis Clinic & Research Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China; Arthritis Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - J Kwong
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Z Yang
- Arthritis Clinic & Research Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China; Arthritis Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Y Hou
- Arthritis Clinic & Research Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China; Arthritis Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - W Zhang
- Arthritis Clinic & Research Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China; Arthritis Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - B Ma
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China; Chinese GRADE Center, Gansu, China.
| | - J Lin
- Arthritis Clinic & Research Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China; Arthritis Institute, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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122
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Combating Osteoarthritis through Stem Cell Therapies by Rejuvenating Cartilage: A Review. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:5421019. [PMID: 29765416 PMCID: PMC5885495 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5421019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative disorder which could be distinguished by erosion of articular cartilage, pain, stiffness, and crepitus. Not only aging-associated alterations but also the metabolic factors such as hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and obesity affect articular tissues and may initiate or exacerbate the OA. The poor self-healing ability of articular cartilage due to limited regeneration in chondrocytes further adversely affects the osteoarthritic microenvironment. Traditional and current surgical treatment procedures for OA are limited and incapable to reverse the damage of articular cartilage. To overcome these limitations, cell-based therapies are currently being employed to repair and regenerate the structure and function of articular tissues. These therapies not only depend upon source and type of stem cells but also on environmental conditions, growth factors, and chemical and mechanical stimuli. Recently, the pluripotent and various multipotent mesenchymal stem cells have been employed for OA therapy, due to their differentiation potential towards chondrogenic lineage. Additionally, the stem cells have also been supplemented with growth factors to achieve higher healing response in osteoarthritic cartilage. In this review, we summarized the current status of stem cell therapies in OA pathophysiology and also highlighted the potential areas of further research needed in regenerative medicine.
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123
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Ogata Y, Mabuchi Y, Shinoda K, Horiike Y, Mizuno M, Otabe K, Suto EG, Suzuki N, Sekiya I, Akazawa C. Anterior cruciate ligament-derived mesenchymal stromal cells have a propensity to differentiate into the ligament lineage. Regen Ther 2018; 8:20-28. [PMID: 30271862 PMCID: PMC6149186 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) consists of various components, such as collagen, elastin fibres, and fibroblasts. Because ACL has a poor regenerative ability, ACL reconstruction need require the use of autologous tendons. In recent years, tissue-resident stem cells have been studied to promote ACL regeneration as an alternatively method. However, the existence of stem cells in ligaments has not been clearly defined. Here, we prospectively isolated stem cells from ACLs and characterized their properties. Methods ACLs from 11 donors and bone marrows (BM) from 8 donors were obtained with total knee arthroplasty. We used flow cytometry to screen the cell surface markers on ACL cells. Frozen sections were prepared from patient ACL tissues and stained with specific antibodies. Cultured ACL-derived and BM-derived cells at passage 3 were differentiated into adipocytes, osteoblasts and tendon/ligament cells. Results ACL-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (ACL-MSCs) expressed high levels of CD73 and CD90. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that ACL-MSCs were located on the inner surface of ACL sinusoids. Furthermore, the expression of cell surface antigens was clearly different between ACL-MSCs and bone marrow (BM)-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) at the time of isolation, but the two cell populations became indistinguishable after long-term culture. Interestingly, ACL-MSCs are markedly different from BM-MSCs in their differentiation ability and have a high propensity to differentiate into ligament-committed cells. Conclusions Our findings suggest that ACL-MSCs express CD90 and CD73 markers, and their differentiation capacity is maintained even through culture. The cell population having tissue-specific properties is an important research target for investigating the ligament therapies. CD73+/90+ cell population in ACL have the highest colony forming ability and can differentiate into mesenchymal lineages. The expression pattern of cell surface antigen in CD73+/90+ ACL-MSCs become similar to that of BM-MSCs during culture. CD73+/90+ ACL-MSCs may be important for ligament regeneration therapies. CD73+/90+ ACL-MSCs may be important for ligament regeneration therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Ogata
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yo Mabuchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kosuke Shinoda
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Horiike
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Mizuno
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Otabe
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eriko Grace Suto
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuharu Suzuki
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Sekiya
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chihiro Akazawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Zaki AA, Zaghloul M, Helal ME, Mansour NA, Grawish ME. Impact of Autologous Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells on Degenerative Changes of Articulating Surfaces Associated With the Arthritic Temporomandibular Joint: An Experimental Study in Rabbits. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017; 75:2529-2539. [PMID: 28576669 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Maumus M, Manferdini C, Toupet K, Chuchana P, Casteilla L, Gachet M, Jorgensen C, Lisignoli G, Noël D. Thrombospondin-1 Partly Mediates the Cartilage Protective Effect of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Osteoarthritis. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1638. [PMID: 29238343 PMCID: PMC5712679 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Assuming that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) respond to the osteoarthritic joint environment to exert a chondroprotective effect, we aimed at investigating the molecular response setup by MSCs after priming by osteoarthritic chondrocytes in cocultures. Methods We used primary human osteoarthritic chondrocytes and adipose stem cells (ASCs) in mono- and cocultures and performed a high-throughput secretome analysis. Among secreted proteins differentially induced in cocultures, we identified thrombospondin-1 (THBS1) as a potential candidate that could be involved in the chondroprotective effect of ASCs. Results Secretome analysis revealed significant induction of THBS1 in ASCs/chondrocytes cocultures at mRNA and protein levels. We showed that THBS1 was upregulated at late stages of MSC differentiation toward chondrocytes and that recombinant THBS1 (rTHBS1) exerted a prochondrogenic effect on MSC indicating a role of THBS1 during chondrogenesis. However, compared to control ASCs, siTHBS1-transfected ASCs did not decrease the expression of hypertrophic and inflammatory markers in osteoarthritic chondrocytes, suggesting that THBS1 was not involved in the reversion of osteoarthritic phenotype. Nevertheless, downregulation of THBS1 in ASCs reduced their immunosuppressive activity, which was consistent with the anti-inflammatory role of rTHBS1 on T lymphocytes. THBS1 function was then evaluated in the collagenase-induced OA model by comparing siTHBS1-transfected and control ASCs. The protective effect of ASCs evaluated by histological and histomorphological analysis of cartilage and bone was not seen with siTHBS1-transfected ASCs. Conclusion Our data suggest that THBS1 did not exert a direct protective effect on chondrocytes but might reduce inflammation, subsequently explaining the therapeutic effect of ASCs in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Maumus
- INSERM, U1183, Hôpital Saint-Eloi, Montpellier, France.,Montpellier University, UFR de Médecine, Montpellier, France
| | - Cristina Manferdini
- SC Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Karine Toupet
- INSERM, U1183, Hôpital Saint-Eloi, Montpellier, France.,Montpellier University, UFR de Médecine, Montpellier, France
| | - Paul Chuchana
- INSERM, U1183, Hôpital Saint-Eloi, Montpellier, France.,Montpellier University, UFR de Médecine, Montpellier, France
| | - Louis Casteilla
- UMR STROMALab, CNRS 5273, INSERM U1031, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Mélanie Gachet
- INSERM, U1183, Hôpital Saint-Eloi, Montpellier, France.,Montpellier University, UFR de Médecine, Montpellier, France
| | - Christian Jorgensen
- INSERM, U1183, Hôpital Saint-Eloi, Montpellier, France.,Montpellier University, UFR de Médecine, Montpellier, France.,Clinical Immunology and Osteoarticular Diseases Therapeutic Unit, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Montpellier, France
| | - Gina Lisignoli
- SC Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Danièle Noël
- INSERM, U1183, Hôpital Saint-Eloi, Montpellier, France.,Montpellier University, UFR de Médecine, Montpellier, France.,Clinical Immunology and Osteoarticular Diseases Therapeutic Unit, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Montpellier, France
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Maerz T, Fleischer M, Newton MD, Davidson A, Salisbury M, Altman P, Kurdziel MD, Anderson K, Bedi A, Baker KC. Acute mobilization and migration of bone marrow-derived stem cells following anterior cruciate ligament rupture. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2017; 25:1335-1344. [PMID: 28284998 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Little is known regarding acute local and systemic processes following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture. No study has elucidated whether bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are mobilized into circulation and recruited to the injured joint. METHODS In Part 1, Lewis rats were randomized to noninvasive ACL rupture (Rupture) or non-injured (Control) (n = 6/group). After 72 h, whole blood MSC concentration was assessed using flow cytometry. Synovial fluid and serum were assayed for stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1α and cartilage degeneration biomarkers, respectively. In Part 2, 12 additional rats were randomized and intravenously-injected with fluorescently-labeled allogenic MSCs. Cell tracking was performed using longitudinal, in vivo and ex vivo near-infrared (NIR) imaging and histology. Synovium SDF-1α and interleukin (IL)-17A immunostaining was performed. Serum was assayed for SDF-1α and 29 other cytokines. RESULTS In Part 1, there was a significant increase in MSC concentration and synovial fluid SDF-1α in Rupture. No differences in cartilage biomarkers were observed. In Part 2, Rupture had significantly higher NIR signal at 24, 48, and 72 h, indicating active recruitment of MSCs to the injured joint. Ex vivo cell tracking demonstrated MSC localization in the synovium and myotendinous junction (MTJ) of the quadriceps. Injured synovia exhibited increased synovitis grade and higher degree of IL-17A and SDF-1α immunostaining. CONCLUSION ACL rupture induced peripheral blood mobilization of MSCs and migration of intravenously-injected allogenic MSCs to the injured joint, where they localized in the synovium and quadriceps MTJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Maerz
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, MI, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oakland University - William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - M Fleischer
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, MI, USA
| | - M D Newton
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, MI, USA
| | - A Davidson
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, MI, USA
| | - M Salisbury
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, MI, USA
| | - P Altman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, MI, USA
| | - M D Kurdziel
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, MI, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oakland University - William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - K Anderson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oakland University - William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, MI, USA
| | - A Bedi
- MedSport and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - K C Baker
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, MI, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oakland University - William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, USA.
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127
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Rai V, Dilisio MF, Dietz NE, Agrawal DK. Recent strategies in cartilage repair: A systemic review of the scaffold development and tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017; 105:2343-2354. [PMID: 28387995 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis results in irreparable loss of articular cartilage. Due to its avascular nature and low mitotic activity, cartilage has little intrinsic capacity for repair. Cartilage loss leads to pain, physical disability, movement restriction, and morbidity. Various treatment strategies have been proposed for cartilage regeneration, but the optimum treatment is yet to be defined. Tissue engineering with engineered constructs aimed towards developing a suitable substrate may help in cartilage regeneration by providing the mechanical, biological and chemical support to the cells. The use of scaffold as a substrate to support the progenitor cells or autologous chondrocytes has given promising results. Leakage of cells, poor cell survival, poor cell differentiation, inadequate integration into the host tissue, incorrect distribution of cells, and dedifferentiation of the normal cartilage are the common problems in tissue engineering. Current research is focused on improving mechanical and biochemical properties of scaffold to make it more efficient. The aim of this review is to provide a critical discussion on existing challenges, scaffold type and properties, and an update on ongoing recent developments in the architecture and composition of scaffold to enhance the proliferation and viability of mesenchymal stem cells. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 2343-2354, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikrant Rai
- Department of Clinical and Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, 68178
| | - Matthew F Dilisio
- Department of Clinical and Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, 68178
- Department of Orthopedics, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, 68178
| | - Nicholas E Dietz
- Department of Clinical and Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, 68178
- Department of Pathology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, 68178
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Clinical and Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, 68178
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128
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Franceschetti T, De Bari C. The potential role of adult stem cells in the management of the rheumatic diseases. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2017; 9:165-179. [PMID: 28717403 PMCID: PMC5502944 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x17704639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult stem cells are considered as appealing therapeutic candidates for inflammatory and degenerative musculoskeletal diseases. A large body of preclinical research has contributed to describing their immune-modulating properties and regenerative potential. Additionally, increasing evidence suggests that stem cell differentiation and function are disrupted in the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases. Clinical studies have been limited, for the most part, to the application of adult stem cell-based treatments on small numbers of patients or as a 'salvage' therapy in life-threatening disease cases. Nevertheless, these preliminary studies indicate that adult stem cells are promising tools for the long-term treatment of rheumatic diseases. This review highlights recent knowledge acquired in the fields of hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cell therapy for the management of systemic sclerosis (SSc), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) and the potential mechanisms mediating their function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Franceschetti
- Arthritis & Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Aberdeen Centre for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Cosimo De Bari
- Arthritis & Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Aberdeen Centre for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
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129
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Wang H, Wang Q, Yang M, Yang L, Wang W, Ding H, Zhang D, Xu J, Tang X, Ding H, Wang Q. Histomorphology and innate immunity during the progression of osteoarthritis: Does synovitis affect cartilage degradation? J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:1342-1358. [PMID: 28513840 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic degenerative disease that affects all joints. At present, the pathological processes and mechanisms of OA are still unclear. Innate immunity, a key player in damage to the structure of the joint and the mechanism by which the host attempts to repair OA, affects all pathological stages of the disease. In the present study, our aim was to assess changes in innate immunity during the pathological processes of OA in articular cartilage (AC) and the synovial membrane (SM), which are the major structures in joints, and to systematically examine the histological changes in AC and SM in mild, moderate and severe cases of OA, in order to further speculate about the manner in which the interactions of AC and SM are facilitated by innate immunity. Histological methods (including HE and Safranin O-fast green staining), immunofluorescent double staining, TUNEL stain, and Western blots were used to assess the morphological changes within AC and SM tissues in healthy and mild, moderate, or severe OA rats. Our results showed that the damage to AC and SM within the joints progressively worsened in different degrees during the course of the disease, and that the innate immune system was closely involved in the AC and SM during each stage of OA. These findings also confirmed that SM may affect the pathological changes in AC through the innate immune system, and therefore affect the progress of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qingguo Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Meijuan Yang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Yang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Weili Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haobin Ding
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | | | - Haitao Ding
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qingfu Wang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Kondo S, Muneta T, Nakagawa Y, Koga H, Watanabe T, Tsuji K, Sotome S, Okawa A, Kiuchi S, Ono H, Mizuno M, Sekiya I. Transplantation of autologous synovial mesenchymal stem cells promotes meniscus regeneration in aged primates. J Orthop Res 2017; 35:1274-1282. [PMID: 26916126 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Transplantation of aggregates of synovial mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) enhanced meniscus regeneration in rats. Anatomy and biological properties of the meniscus depend on animal species. To apply this technique clinically, it is valuable to investigate the use of animals genetically close to humans. We investigated whether transplantation of aggregates of autologous synovial MSCs promoted meniscal regeneration in aged primates. Chynomolgus primates between 12 and 13 years old were used. After the anterior halves of the medial menisci in both knees were removed, an average of 14 aggregates consisting of 250,000 synovial MSCs were transplanted onto the meniscus defect. No aggregates were transplanted to the opposite knee for the control. Meniscus and articular cartilage were analyzed macroscopically, histologically, and by MRI T1rho mapping at 8 (n = 3) and 16 weeks (n = 4). The medial meniscus was larger and the modified Pauli's histological score for the regenerated meniscus was better in the MSC group than in the control group in each primate at 8 and 16 weeks. Mankin's score for the medial femoral condyle cartilage was better in the MSC group than in the control group in all primates at 16 weeks. T1rho value for both the regenerated meniscus and adjacent articular cartilage in the MSC group was closer to the normal meniscus than in the control group in all primates at 16 weeks. Transplantation of aggregates of autologous synovial MSCs promoted meniscus regeneration and delayed progression of degeneration of articular cartilage in aged primates. This is the first report dealing with meniscus regeneration in primates. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:1274-1282, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimpei Kondo
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Muneta
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nakagawa
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Koga
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Watanabe
- Department of Cartilage Regeneration, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Kunikazu Tsuji
- Department of Cartilage Regeneration, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Shinichi Sotome
- Department of Orthopaedic Research and Development, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Okawa
- Department of Orthopaedic and Spinal Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Mitsuru Mizuno
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Sekiya
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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131
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Katagiri K, Matsukura Y, Muneta T, Ozeki N, Mizuno M, Katano H, Sekiya I. Fibrous Synovium Releases Higher Numbers of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Than Adipose Synovium in a Suspended Synovium Culture Model. Arthroscopy 2017; 33:800-810. [PMID: 28043752 DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2016.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop an in vitro model, the "suspended synovium culture model," to demonstrate the mobilization of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from the synovium into a noncontacted culture dish through culture medium. In addition, to examine which synovium, fibrous synovium or adipose synovium, released more MSCs in the knee with osteoarthritis. METHODS Human synovial tissue was harvested during total knee arthroplasty from knee joints of 34 patients with osteoarthritis (28 patients: only fibrous synovium, 6 patients: fibrous and adipose synovium). One gram of synovium was suspended with a thread in a bottle containing 40 mL of culture medium and a 3.5-cm-diameter culture dish at the bottom. After 7 days, the culture dish in the bottle was examined. For the cells harvested, multipotentiality and surface epitopes were analyzed. The numbers of colonies derived from fibrous synovium and adipose synovium were also compared. RESULTS Colonies of spindle-shaped cells were observed in the culture dish in all 28 donors. Colonies numbered 26 on average, and the cells derived from colony-forming cells had multipotentiality for chondrogenesis, adipogenesis, calcification, and surface epitopes similar to MSCs. The number was colonies was significantly higher in fibrous synovium than in adipose synovium (P < .05, n = 6). CONCLUSIONS We developed a suspended synovium culture model. Suspended synovium was able to release MSCs into a noncontacted culture dish through medium in a bottle. Fibrous synovium was found to release greater numbers of MSCs than adipose synovium in our culture model. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This model could be a valuable tool to screen drugs capable of releasing MSCs from the synovium into synovial fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Katagiri
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Matsukura
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Muneta
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobutake Ozeki
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Mizuno
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisako Katano
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Sekiya
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
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132
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Zhu Y, Wang Y, Zhao B, Niu X, Hu B, Li Q, Zhang J, Ding J, Chen Y, Wang Y. Comparison of exosomes secreted by induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells and synovial membrane-derived mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:64. [PMID: 28279188 PMCID: PMC5345222 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0510-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease worldwide. In the past decade, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been used widely for the treatment of OA. A potential mechanism of MSC-based therapies has been attributed to the paracrine secretion of trophic factors, in which exosomes may play a major role. In this study, we aimed to compare the effectiveness of exosomes secreted by synovial membrane MSCs (SMMSC-Exos) and exosomes secreted by induced pluripotent stem cell-derived MSCs (iMSC-Exos) on the treatment of OA. Methods Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived MSCs and synovial membrane MSCs were characterized by flow cytometry. iMSC-Exos and SMMSC-Exos were isolated using an ultrafiltration method. Tunable resistive pulse-sensing analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and western blots were used to identify exosomes. iMSC-Exos and SMMSC-Exos were injected intra-articularly in a mouse model of collagenase-induced OA and the efficacy of exosome injections was assessed by macroscopic, histological, and immunohistochemistry analysis. We also evaluated the effects of iMSC-Exos and SMMSC-Exos on proliferation and migration of human chondrocytes by cell-counting and scratch assays, respectively. Results The majority of iMSC-Exos and SMMSC-Exos were approximately 50–150 nm in diameter and expressed CD9, CD63, and TSG101. The injection of iMSC-Exos and SMMSC-Exos both attenuated OA in the mouse OA model, but iMSC-Exos had a superior therapeutic effect compared with SMMSC-Exos. Similarly, chondrocyte migration and proliferation were stimulated by both iMSC-Exos and SMMSC-Exos, with iMSC-Exos exerting a stronger effect. Conclusions The present study demonstrated that iMSC-Exos have a greater therapeutic effect on OA than SMMSC-Exos. Because autologous iMSCs are theoretically inexhaustible, iMSC-Exos may represent a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of OA. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-017-0510-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.,Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yuchen Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.,Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Bizeng Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Xin Niu
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Qing Li
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Juntao Zhang
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Jian Ding
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yunfeng Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Yang Wang
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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He Z, Wang B, Hu C, Zhao J. An overview of hydrogel-based intra-articular drug delivery for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 154:33-39. [PMID: 28288340 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Drug administration by intra-articular injection is an emerging popular treatment for knee osteoarthritis (OA). This method of drug administration minimizes the toxic effects of the drugs administered systemically, and maximizes local effects. However, traditional oral drugs delivered via intra-articular injection are limited by the lack of sustained release. Injectable materials such as hydrogels or hydrogel microspheres have been extensively studied for their applications as intra-articular injection for the treatment of OA, which is attribute to their minimally invasive manner, extended drug retention time and high loading efficiency. In this review, we summarized hydrogel types and hydrogel characteristics for intra-articular injection, and the drugs, proteins and cells used in the injectable delivery systems. Through this review, we hope to inspire researchers to construct novel hydrogel-based delivery system for the intra-articular injection treatment of knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei He
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Beiyue Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Changmin Hu
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3136, USA.
| | - Jianning Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, China.
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134
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Escobar Ivirico JL, Bhattacharjee M, Kuyinu E, Nair LS, Laurencin CT. Regenerative Engineering for Knee Osteoarthritis Treatment: Biomaterials and Cell-Based Technologies. ENGINEERING (BEIJING, CHINA) 2017; 3:16-27. [PMID: 35392109 PMCID: PMC8986132 DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis worldwide. The incidence of this disease is rising and its treatment poses an economic burden. Two early targets of knee OA treatment include the predominant symptom of pain, and cartilage damage in the knee joint. Current treatments have been beneficial in treating the disease but none is as effective as total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, while TKA is an end-stage solution of the disease, it is an invasive and expensive procedure. Therefore, innovative regenerative engineering strategies should be established as these could defer or annul the need for a TKA. Several biomaterial and cell-based therapies are currently in development and have shown early promise in both preclinical and clinical studies. The use of advanced biomaterials and stem cells independently or in conjunction to treat knee OA could potentially reduce pain and regenerate focal articular cartilage damage. In this review, we discuss the pathogenesis of pain and cartilage damage in knee OA and explore novel treatment options currently being studied, along with some of their limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge L. Escobar Ivirico
- Institute for Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Maumita Bhattacharjee
- Institute for Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Emmanuel Kuyinu
- Institute for Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Lakshmi S. Nair
- Institute for Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Cato T. Laurencin
- Institute for Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Department of Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Corresponding author.
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Tsuji K, Ojima M, Otabe K, Horie M, Koga H, Sekiya I, Muneta T. Effects of Different Cell-Detaching Methods on the Viability and Cell Surface Antigen Expression of Synovial Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Cell Transplant 2017; 26:1089-1102. [PMID: 28139195 DOI: 10.3727/096368917x694831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Flow cytometric analysis of cell surface antigens is a powerful tool for the isolation and characterization of stem cells residing in adult tissues. In contrast to the collection of hematopoietic stem cells, the process of enzymatic digestion is usually necessary to prepare mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) suspensions, which can influence the expression of cell surface markers. In this study, we examined the effects of various cell-detaching reagents and digestion times on the expression of stem cell-related surface antigens and MSC functions. Human MSCs were detached from dishes using four different reagents: trypsin, TrypLE, collagenase, and a nonenzymatic cell dissociation reagent (C5789; Sigma-Aldrich). Following dissociation reagent incubations ranging from 5 to 120 min, cell surface markers were analyzed by flow cytometry. Trypsin and TrypLE quickly dissociated the cells within 5 min, while collagenase and C5789 required 60 min to obtain maximum cell yields. C5789 significantly decreased cell viability at 120 min. Trypsin treatment significantly reduced CD44+, CD55+, CD73+, CD105+, CD140a+, CD140b+, and CD201+ cell numbers within 30 min. Collagenase treatment reduced CD140a expression by 30 min. In contrast, TrypLE treatment did not affect the expression of any cell surface antigens tested by 30 min. Despite the significant loss of surface antigen expression after 60 min of treatment with trypsin, adverse effects of enzymatic digestion on multipotency of MSCs were limited. Overall, our data indicated that TrypLE is advantageous over other cell dissociation reagents tested for the rapid preparation of viable MSC suspensions.
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136
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Allen
- 1Surgical Discovery Centre, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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137
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de Soure AM, Fernandes-Platzgummer A, da Silva CL, Cabral JMS. Scalable microcarrier-based manufacturing of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells. J Biotechnol 2016; 236:88-109. [PMID: 27527397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Due to their unique features, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) have been exploited in clinical settings as therapeutic candidates for the treatment of a variety of diseases. However, the success in obtaining clinically-relevant MSC numbers for cell-based therapies is dependent on efficient isolation and ex vivo expansion protocols, able to comply with good manufacturing practices (GMP). In this context, the 2-dimensional static culture systems typically used for the expansion of these cells present several limitations that may lead to reduced cell numbers and compromise cell functions. Furthermore, many studies in the literature report the expansion of MSC using fetal bovine serum (FBS)-supplemented medium, which has been critically rated by regulatory agencies. Alternative platforms for the scalable manufacturing of MSC have been developed, namely using microcarriers in bioreactors, with also a considerable number of studies now reporting the production of MSC using xenogeneic/serum-free medium formulations. In this review we provide a comprehensive overview on the scalable manufacturing of human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells, depicting the various steps involved in the process from cell isolation to ex vivo expansion, using different cell tissue sources and culture medium formulations and exploiting bioprocess engineering tools namely microcarrier technology and bioreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- António M de Soure
- Department of Bioengineering and iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Fernandes-Platzgummer
- Department of Bioengineering and iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cláudia L da Silva
- Department of Bioengineering and iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joaquim M S Cabral
- Department of Bioengineering and iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa, Portugal.
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138
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Burke J, Hunter M, Kolhe R, Isales C, Hamrick M, Fulzele S. Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell based therapy for osteoarthritis. Clin Transl Med 2016; 5:27. [PMID: 27510262 PMCID: PMC4980326 DOI: 10.1186/s40169-016-0112-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative disease affecting articular cartilage in joints, and it is a leading cause of disability in the United States. Current pharmacological treatment strategies are ineffective to prevent the OA progression; however, cellular therapies have the potential to regenerate the lost cartilage, combat cartilage degeneration, provide pain relief, and improve patient mobility. One of the most promising sources of cellular regenerative medicine is from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MSCs can be isolated from adipose tissue, bone marrow, synovial tissue, and other sources. The aim of this review is to compile recent advancement in cellular based therapy more specifically in relation to MSCs in the treatment of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Burke
- Department of Orthopedics, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Monte Hunter
- Department of Orthopedics, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Ravindra Kolhe
- Department of Pathology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Carlos Isales
- Department of Orthopedics, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Institute of Regenerative and Reparative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Mark Hamrick
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Institute of Regenerative and Reparative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Sadanand Fulzele
- Department of Orthopedics, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA. .,Institute of Regenerative and Reparative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA. .,Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30904, USA.
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