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The formation of biofilms by Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a review of the natural and synthetic compounds interfering with control mechanisms. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:759348. [PMID: 25866808 PMCID: PMC4383298 DOI: 10.1155/2015/759348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 307] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
P. aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogenic bacterium responsible for both acute and chronic infections. Beyond its natural resistance to many drugs, its ability to form biofilm, a complex biological system, renders ineffective the clearance by immune defense systems and antibiotherapy. The objective of this report is to provide an overview (i) on P. aeruginosa biofilm lifestyle cycle, (ii) on the main key actors relevant in the regulation of biofilm formation by P. aeruginosa including QS systems, GacS/GacA and RetS/LadS two-component systems and C-di-GMP-dependent polysaccharides biosynthesis, and (iii) finally on reported natural and synthetic products that interfere with control mechanisms of biofilm formation by P. aeruginosa without affecting directly bacterial viability. Concluding remarks focus on perspectives to consider biofilm lifestyle as a target for eradication of resistant infections caused by P. aeruginosa.
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102
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Singh G, Tamboli E, Acharya A, Kumarasamy C, Mala K, Raman P. Bioactive proteins from Solanaceae as quorum sensing inhibitors against virulence in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Med Hypotheses 2015; 84:539-42. [PMID: 25777471 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2015.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Cell-to-cell communication or quorum sensing (QS) is a generic event in bacteria that is used to coordinate gene expression among local populations. The phenomenon of QS depends on the fact that presence of sufficient bacteria ascertains a threshold level of autoinducer concentration that allows bacteria to sense a critical cell mass and to activate or repress target genes. Thus, QS has been an attractive target for the development of anti-infective strategies that are not based on the use of antibiotics. Several anti-QS approaches have been demonstrated including natural products from plant-based secondary metabolites. However, the role of plant bioactive proteins as an anti-QS peptide is yet to be deciphered. Against a backdrop of ever-increasing antibiotic resistant pathogens, there is a strong need for development of alternative therapeutic strategies. Thus, our hypothesis is that bioactive proteins from the plant family Solanaceae are quorum quenching molecules that can be exploited to develop a therapeutic strategy against virulence. We presume that bioactive proteins will inactivate or inhibit or degrade QS signals from bacteria to prevent cell-to-cell communication and thus inhibit development of virulence in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Further, the use of proteins as quorum quenchers will delay the bacteria to develop resistance against these quenching molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurpreet Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603 203, India
| | - Ekant Tamboli
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603 203, India
| | - Aurovind Acharya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603 203, India
| | - Chellan Kumarasamy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603 203, India
| | - Kanchana Mala
- Medical College Hospital & Research Center, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603 203, India
| | - Pachaiappan Raman
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur 603 203, India.
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Gopu V, Kothandapani S, Shetty PH. Quorum quenching activity of Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels and its anthocyanin malvidin against Klebsiella pneumoniae. Microb Pathog 2015; 79:61-9. [PMID: 25637095 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2015.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Many bacterial species use their intercellular signaling mechanism called quorum sensing (QS), which is found to be implicated in various factors including bacterial pathogenicity and food spoilage. Interrupting the bacterial communication is an attractive strategy to develop novel QS-based antibacterial drugs. Present study is aimed to investigate the quorum sensing inhibitory activity of Syzygium cumini and its anti-biofilm property against opportunistic pathogen using a biosensor strain Chromobacterium violaceum CV026. Ethanol extract of S. cumini was investigated for its anti-QS activity, and the possible active component was identified by docking with LasR receptor protein. Based on docking analysis, methanol extract was enriched for its total anthocyanin (STA) and its effect on QS regulated phenotypes was assessed. STA specifically inhibited the violacein production in C. violaceum; biofilm formation and EPS production in Klebsiella pneumoniae up to 82, 79.94 and 64.29% respectively. Synergistic activity of conventional antibiotics with STA enhanced the susceptibility of K. pneumoniae up to 58.45%. Molecular docking analysis of active components attributes the QSI activity of S. cumini to malvidin. Malvidin exhibited highest ligand binding with LasR receptor protein with docking score more than -7. Effect of malvidin to interrupt the QS regulated phenotypes was also assessed, and it was found to reduce the violacein production, biofilm formation and EPS production of K. pneumoniae in a concentration-dependent manner. These findings suggest that S. cumini can be used as novel QS-based antibacterial/anti-biofilm agent to manage food-borne pathogens and to increase food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkadesaperumal Gopu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry 605014, India
| | - Sundar Kothandapani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry 605014, India
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104
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Inhaled lactonase reduces Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum sensing and mortality in rat pneumonia. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107125. [PMID: 25350373 PMCID: PMC4211673 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale The effectiveness of antibiotic molecules in treating Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia is reduced as a result of the dissemination of bacterial resistance. The existence of bacterial communication systems, such as quorum sensing, has provided new opportunities of treatment. Lactonases efficiently quench acyl-homoserine lactone-based bacterial quorum sensing, implicating these enzymes as potential new anti-Pseudomonas drugs that might be evaluated in pneumonia. Objectives The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ability of a lactonase called SsoPox-I to reduce the mortality of a rat P. aeruginosa pneumonia. Methods To assess SsoPox-I-mediated quorum quenching, we first measured the activity of the virulence gene lasB, the synthesis of pyocianin, the proteolytic activity of a bacterial suspension and the formation of biofilm of a PAO1 strain grown in the presence of lactonase. In an acute lethal model of P. aeruginosa pneumonia in rats, we evaluated the effects of an early or deferred intra-tracheal treatment with SsoPox-I on the mortality, lung bacterial count and lung damage. Measurements and Primary Results SsoPox-I decreased PAO1 lasB virulence gene activity, pyocianin synthesis, proteolytic activity and biofilm formation. The early use of SsoPox-I reduced the mortality of rats with acute pneumonia from 75% to 20%. Histological lung damage was significantly reduced but the lung bacterial count was not modified by the treatment. A delayed treatment was associated with a non-significant reduction of mortality. Conclusion These results demonstrate the protective effects of lactonase SsoPox-I in P. aeruginosa pneumonia and open the way for a future therapeutic use.
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105
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Gerdt JP, McInnis CE, Schell TL, Rossi FM, Blackwell HE. Mutational analysis of the quorum-sensing receptor LasR reveals interactions that govern activation and inhibition by nonlactone ligands. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 21:1361-1369. [PMID: 25242287 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2014.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria use N-acyl L-homoserine lactone (AHL) quorum-sensing (QS) signals to regulate the expression of myriad phenotypes. Non-native AHL analogs can strongly attenuate QS receptor activity and thereby QS signaling; however, we currently lack a molecular understanding of the mechanisms by which most of these compounds elicit their agonistic or antagonistic profiles. In this study, we investigated the origins of striking activity profile switches (i.e., receptor activator to inhibitor, and vice versa) observed upon alteration of the lactone head group in certain AHL analogs. Reporter gene assays of mutant versions of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa QS receptor LasR revealed that interactions between the ligands and Trp60, Tyr56, and Ser129 govern whether these ligands behave as LasR activators or inhibitors. Using this knowledge, we propose a model for the modulation of LasR by AHL analogs-encompassing a subtly different interaction with the binding pocket to a global change in LasR conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P Gerdt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Christine E McInnis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Trevor L Schell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Francis M Rossi
- Department of Chemistry, SUNY Cortland, Cortland, NY 13045, USA
| | - Helen E Blackwell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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106
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Pedroza CJ, Flórez AM, Ruiz OS, Orduz S. Enzymatic hydrolysis of molecules associated with bacterial quorum sensing using an acyl homoserine lactonase from a novel Bacillus thuringiensis strain. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2014; 105:253-64. [PMID: 24233057 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-013-0072-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
N-acyl homoserine lactones are key components of quorum sensing, the bacterial communication system. This communication mechanism regulates the expression of genes, including those involved in virulence and biofilm formation. This system can be interrupted by the action of enzymes that hydrolyze the signaling molecules. In this work, we studied the enzymatic properties of a recombinant AHL-lactonase from Bacillus thuringiensis strain 147-11516, using substrates with acyl chains of different length (C4-HSL, C6-HSL, C7-HSL, C8-HSL and C10-HSL), we also investigated the effect of pH (5.0–9.0), temperature (20–70 °C), concentration of monovalent, divalent and trivalent metals ions (0.2 and 2.0 mM) and EDTA. The results showed that the recombinant AHL-lactonase had biological activity in alkaline pH conditions (8.0) and high temperature (47 % of hydrolyzed substrate at 60 °C). The recombinant AHL-lactonase has activity on substrates with different acyl chain length. However, the activity of the recombinant enzyme was decreased in the two concentrations of all metal ions evaluated but was not inhibited by EDTA. The affinity of the enzyme for all substrates tested and its performance, in the evaluated conditions, suggest that the AHL-lactonase from B. thuringiensis strain 147-11516 could be used as a strategy for disruption of the Gram-negative bacteria communication system under normal and challenging conditions.
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107
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2(5H)-Furanone, epigallocatechin gallate, and a citric-based disinfectant disturb quorum-sensing activity and reduce motility and biofilm formation of Campylobacter jejuni. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2014; 60:89-95. [PMID: 25231135 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-014-0344-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Brominated furanone and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) are naturally occurring polyphenolic compounds that can be derived from sources such as Delisea pulchra algae and green tea, respectively. These compounds may have potential health benefits and antimicrobial properties. Biofilm formation and bacterial motility are virulence factors that seem to be involved in the autoinducer 2 (AI-2)-mediated quorum sensing (QS) response of Campylobacter. In this study, the anti-QS activities of 2(5H)-furanone, EGCG, and a citric-based disinfectant were tested against Campylobacter jejuni. The minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) was determined by a microdilution method, and the AI-2 activity was measured by bioluminescence. For motility tests, subinhibitory concentrations of each compound were mixed with semisolid Muller Hinton agar. Biofilm formation was quantified in broth-containing microplates after staining with safranin. The MBC of tested compounds ranged from 0.3 to 310 μg/mL. Subinhibitory concentrations of all of the antimicrobial compounds significantly decreased (19 to 62 %) the bacterial motility and reduced biofilm formation. After treatment with EGCG, furanone, and the disinfectant, AI-2 activity was decreased by 60 to 99 % compared to control. In conclusion, 2(5H)-furanone, EGCG, and the disinfectant exert bactericidal effects against C. jejuni and disturb QS activity and reduce motility and biofilm formation. These compounds may be naturally occurring alternatives to control C. jejuni.
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108
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Rampioni G, Leoni L, Williams P. The art of antibacterial warfare: Deception through interference with quorum sensing–mediated communication. Bioorg Chem 2014; 55:60-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2014.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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109
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Kalia VC, Wood TK, Kumar P. Evolution of resistance to quorum-sensing inhibitors. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2014; 68:13-23. [PMID: 24194099 PMCID: PMC4012018 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-013-0316-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The major cause of mortality and morbidity in human beings is bacterial infection. Bacteria have developed resistance to most of the antibiotics primarily due to large-scale and "indiscriminate" usage. The need is to develop novel mechanisms to treat bacterial infections. The expression of pathogenicity during bacterial infections is mediated by a cell density-dependent phenomenon known as quorum sensing (QS). A wide array of QS systems (QSS) is operative in expressing the virulent behavior of bacterial pathogens. Each QSS may be mediated largely by a few major signals along with others produced in minuscule quantities. Efforts to target signal molecules and their receptors have proved effective in alleviating the virulent behavior of such pathogenic bacteria. These QS inhibitors (QSIs) have been reported to be effective in influencing the pathogenicity without affecting bacterial growth. However, evidence is accumulating that bacteria may develop resistance to QSIs. The big question is whether QSIs will meet the same fate as antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipin C Kalia
- Microbial Biotechnology and Genomics, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi University Campus, Mall Road, Delhi, 110007, India,
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110
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Optimization of anti-virulence PqsR antagonists regarding aqueous solubility and biological properties resulting in new insights in structure–activity relationships. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 79:173-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Revised: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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111
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Castillo S, Heredia N, Arechiga-Carvajal E, García S. Citrus Extracts as Inhibitors of Quorum Sensing, Biofilm Formation and Motility ofCampylobacter jejuni. FOOD BIOTECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/08905436.2014.895947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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112
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Kim T, Duong T, Wu CA, Choi J, Lan N, Kang SW, Lokanath NK, Shin D, Hwang HY, Kim KK. Structural insights into the molecular mechanism of Escherichia coli SdiA, a quorum-sensing receptor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 70:694-707. [PMID: 24598739 DOI: 10.1107/s1399004713032355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Escherichia coli SdiA is a quorum-sensing (QS) receptor that responds to autoinducers produced by other bacterial species to control cell division and virulence. Crystal structures reveal that E. coli SdiA, which is composed of an N-terminal ligand-binding domain and a C-terminal DNA-binding domain (DBD), forms a symmetrical dimer. Although each domain shows structural similarity to other QS receptors, SdiA differs from them in the relative orientation of the two domains, suggesting that its ligand-binding and DNA-binding functions are independent. Consistently, in DNA gel-shift assays the binding affinity of SdiA for the ftsQP2 promoter appeared to be insensitive to the presence of autoinducers. These results suggest that autoinducers increase the functionality of SdiA by enhancing the protein stability rather than by directly affecting the DNA-binding affinity. Structural analyses of the ligand-binding pocket showed that SdiA cannot accommodate ligands with long acyl chains, which was corroborated by isothermal titration calorimetry and thermal stability analyses. The formation of an intersubunit disulfide bond that might be relevant to modulation of the DNA-binding activity was predicted from the proximal position of two Cys residues in the DBDs of dimeric SdiA. It was confirmed that the binding affinity of SdiA for the uvrY promoter was reduced under oxidizing conditions, which suggested the possibility of regulation of SdiA by multiple independent signals such as quorum-sensing inducers and the oxidation state of the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Truc Kim
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Thao Duong
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun-ai Wu
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongkeun Choi
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Chungwoon University, San 29, Namjang, Hongsung, Chungnam 350-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Lan
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Wook Kang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Neratur K Lokanath
- Department of Studies in Physics, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570 006, India
| | - DongWoo Shin
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Yeon Hwang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Kyu Kim
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
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113
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Christiaen SE, Matthijs N, Zhang XH, Nelis HJ, Bossier P, Coenye T. Bacteria that inhibit quorum sensing decrease biofilm formation and virulence inPseudomonas aeruginosaPAO1. Pathog Dis 2014; 70:271-9. [DOI: 10.1111/2049-632x.12124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nele Matthijs
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology; Ghent University; Ghent Belgium
| | - Xiao-Hua Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences; Ocean University of China; Qingdao China
| | - Hans J. Nelis
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology; Ghent University; Ghent Belgium
| | - Peter Bossier
- Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center; Ghent University; Ghent Belgium
| | - Tom Coenye
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology; Ghent University; Ghent Belgium
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114
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Hansen MR, Le Quement ST, Jakobsen TH, Skovstrup S, Taboureau O, Tolker-Nielsen T, Givskov M, Nielsen TE. Solid-Phase Synthesis and Biological Evaluation ofN-DipeptidoL-Homoserine Lactones as Quorum Sensing Activators. Chembiochem 2014; 15:460-5. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201300533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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115
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McCaughey G, Gilpin DF, Elborn JS, Tunney MM. The future of antimicrobial therapy in the era of antibiotic resistance in cystic fibrosis pulmonary infection. Expert Rev Respir Med 2014; 7:385-96. [DOI: 10.1586/17476348.2013.814411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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116
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Leoni L, Landini P. Microbiological methods for target-oriented screening of biofilm inhibitors. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1147:175-186. [PMID: 24664833 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-0467-9_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The ability of many pathogenic bacteria to grow as a biofilm results in lower susceptibility to antibiotic treatments and to the host immune response, thus leading to the development of chronic infections. The understanding that biofilms can play an important role in bacterial virulence has prompted the search for inhibitors of biofilm development and of biofilm-related cellular processes. In this report, we present two examples of target-based microbiological screenings for antimicrobials endowed with anti-biofilm activity, aimed respectively at the inhibition of the signal molecule cyclic di-GMP and of quorum sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Leoni
- Department of Sciences, Università "Roma Tre", Rome, Italy
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117
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Kai K, Fujii H, Ikenaka R, Akagawa M, Hayashi H. An acyl-SAM analog as an affinity ligand for identifying quorum sensing signal synthases. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:8586-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc03094j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We here report the affinity purification of N-acylhomoserine lactone synthases using beads conjugated with an enzyme inhibitor, which was designed based on the catalytic intermediate acyl-SAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Kai
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Sakai, Japan
| | - Hiroki Fujii
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Sakai, Japan
| | - Rui Ikenaka
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Sakai, Japan
| | - Mitsugu Akagawa
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Sakai, Japan
| | - Hideo Hayashi
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences
- Osaka Prefecture University
- Sakai, Japan
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118
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Lu C, Maurer CK, Kirsch B, Steinbach A, Hartmann RW. Overcoming the Unexpected Functional Inversion of a PqsR Antagonist inPseudomonas aeruginosa: An In Vivo Potent Antivirulence Agent TargetingpqsQuorum Sensing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 53:1109-12. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201307547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Revised: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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119
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Lu C, Maurer CK, Kirsch B, Steinbach A, Hartmann RW. Overcoming the Unexpected Functional Inversion of a PqsR Antagonist inPseudomonas aeruginosa: An In Vivo Potent Antivirulence Agent TargetingpqsQuorum Sensing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201307547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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120
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Defoirdt T, Brackman G, Coenye T. Quorum sensing inhibitors: how strong is the evidence? Trends Microbiol 2013; 21:619-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2013.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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121
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Pande GSJ, Natrah FMI, Sorgeloos P, Bossier P, Defoirdt T. The Vibrio campbellii quorum sensing signals have a different impact on virulence of the bacterium towards different crustacean hosts. Vet Microbiol 2013; 167:540-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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122
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Komnatnyy VV, Chiang WC, Tolker-Nielsen T, Givskov M, Nielsen TE. Bacteria-Triggered Release of Antimicrobial Agents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201307975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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123
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Komnatnyy VV, Chiang WC, Tolker-Nielsen T, Givskov M, Nielsen TE. Bacteria-triggered release of antimicrobial agents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 53:439-41. [PMID: 24288347 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201307975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Medical devices employed in healthcare practice are often susceptible to microbial contamination. Pathogenic bacteria may attach themselves to device surfaces of catheters or implants by formation of chemically complex biofilms, which may be the direct cause of device failure. Extracellular bacterial lipases are particularly abundant at sites of infection. Herein it is shown how active or proactive compounds attached to polymeric surfaces using lipase-sensitive linkages, such as fatty acid esters or anhydrides, may be released in response to infection. Proof-of-concept of the responsive material is demonstrated by the bacteria-triggered release of antibiotics to control bacterial populations and signaling molecules to modulate quorum sensing. The self-regulating system provides the basis for the development of device-relevant polymeric materials, which only release antibiotics in dependency of the titer of bacteria surrounding the medical device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly V Komnatnyy
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, 2800 (Denmark)
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Studer SV, Schwartzman JA, Ho JS, Geske GD, Blackwell HE, Ruby EG. Non-native acylated homoserine lactones reveal that LuxIR quorum sensing promotes symbiont stability. Environ Microbiol 2013; 16:2623-2634. [PMID: 24191970 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Quorum sensing, a group behaviour coordinated by a diffusible pheromone signal and a cognate receptor, is typical of bacteria that form symbioses with plants and animals. LuxIR-type N-acyl L-homoserine (AHL) quorum sensing is common in Gram-negative Proteobacteria, and many members of this group have additional quorum-sensing networks. The bioluminescent symbiont Vibrio fischeri encodes two AHL signal synthases: AinS and LuxI. AinS-dependent quorum sensing converges with LuxI-dependent quorum sensing at the LuxR regulatory element. Both AinS- and LuxI-mediated signalling are required for efficient and persistent colonization of the squid host, Euprymna scolopes. The basis of the mutualism is symbiont bioluminescence, which is regulated by both LuxI- and AinS-dependent quorum sensing, and is essential for maintaining a colonization of the host. Here, we used chemical and genetic approaches to probe the dynamics of LuxI- and AinS-mediated regulation of bioluminescence during symbiosis. We demonstrate that both native AHLs and non-native AHL analogues can be used to non-invasively and specifically modulate induction of symbiotic bioluminescence via LuxI-dependent quorum sensing. Our data suggest that the first day of colonization, during which symbiont bioluminescence is induced by LuxIR, is a critical period that determines the stability of the V. fischeri population once symbiosis is established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah V Studer
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1550 Linden Drive, Madison WI 53706
| | - Julia A Schwartzman
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1550 Linden Drive, Madison WI 53706
| | - Jessica S Ho
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1550 Linden Drive, Madison WI 53706
| | - Grant D Geske
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison WI 53706
| | - Helen E Blackwell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison WI 53706
| | - Edward G Ruby
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1550 Linden Drive, Madison WI 53706
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Dulcey CE, Dekimpe V, Fauvelle DA, Milot S, Groleau MC, Doucet N, Rahme LG, Lépine F, Déziel E. The end of an old hypothesis: the pseudomonas signaling molecules 4-hydroxy-2-alkylquinolines derive from fatty acids, not 3-ketofatty acids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 20:1481-91. [PMID: 24239007 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2013.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Revised: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Groups of pathogenic bacteria use diffusible signals to regulate their virulence in a concerted manner. Pseudomonas aeruginosa uses 4-hydroxy-2-alkylquinolines (HAQs), including 4-hydroxy-2-heptylquinoline (HHQ) and 3,4-dihydroxy-2-heptylquinoline (PQS), as unique signals. We demonstrate that octanoic acid is directly incorporated into HHQ. This finding rules out the long-standing hypothesis that 3-ketofatty acids are the precursors of HAQs. We found that HAQ biosynthesis, which requires the PqsABCD enzymes, proceeds by a two-step pathway: (1) PqsD mediates the synthesis of 2-aminobenzoylacetate (2-ABA) from anthraniloyl-coenzyme A (CoA) and malonyl-CoA, then (2) the decarboxylating coupling of 2-ABA to an octanoate group linked to PqsC produces HHQ, the direct precursor of PQS. PqsB is tightly associated with PqsC and required for the second step. This finding uncovers promising targets for the development of specific antivirulence drugs to combat this opportunistic pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Eduardo Dulcey
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Valérie Dekimpe
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - David-Alexandre Fauvelle
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Sylvain Milot
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Marie-Christine Groleau
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Nicolas Doucet
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Laurence G Rahme
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 50 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - François Lépine
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada.
| | - Eric Déziel
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada.
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126
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Neumann A, Patzelt D, Wagner-Döbler I, Schulz S. Identification of new N-acylhomoserine lactone signalling compounds of Dinoroseobacter shibae DFL-12(T) by overexpression of luxI genes. Chembiochem 2013; 14:2355-61. [PMID: 24218333 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201300424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria of the Roseobacter clade are widespread in the ocean and occur in many different habitats. In the genome of Dinoroseobacter shibae DFL-12, luxI homologous genes that encode synthases responsible for the formation of N-acylhomoserine lactones (AHLs) have been described. These compounds are known autoinducers that regulate several biological traits-namely, flagella formation and cell differentiation-in D. shibae through quorum sensing. The AHLs produced by D. shibae mainly consisted of N-octadecadienoylhomoserine lactone (C18:2-AHL) and N-octadecenoylhomoserine lactone (C18:1-HSL). In the wild type these AHLs are synthesized only in low abundance. The luxI genes were therefore expressed in Escherichia coli; this resulted in the formation of AHLs mostly different from those found in the D. shibae wild type. A luxI1 -deficient mutant of D. shibae was then reprovided with an overexpressed luxI1 gene. This strain produced large amounts of C18:2-AHL and C18:1-AHL, allowing full characterization of these compounds by mass spectrometric techniques and derivatization. Synthesis of the proposed structures confirmed that the major compound is (2E,11Z)-N-octadeca-2,11-dienoylhomoserine lactone (6, C18:2-HSL), accompanied by (Z)-N-octadec-11-enoylhomoserine lactone (5, C18:1-HSL). AHL 6 has not been reported before from other organisms and contains an unusual 2E double bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Neumann
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Organische Chemie, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig (Germany)
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127
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Design and synthesis of a biotinylated chemical probe for detecting the molecular targets of an inhibitor of the production of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence factor pyocyanin. Molecules 2013; 18:11783-96. [PMID: 24071985 PMCID: PMC6269773 DOI: 10.3390/molecules181011783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a human pathogen associated with a variety of life-threatening nosocomial infections. This organism produces a range of virulence factors which actively cause damage to host tissues. One such virulence factor is pyocyanin, known to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of P. aeruginosa infections. Previous studies had identified a novel compound capable of strongly inhibiting the production of pyocyanin. It was postulated that this inhibition results from modulation of an intercellular communication system termed quorum sensing, via direct binding of the compound with the LasR protein receptor. This raised the possibility that the compound could be an antagonist of quorum sensing in P. aeruginosa, which could have important implications as this intercellular signaling mechanism is known to regulate many additional facets of P. aeruginosa pathogenicity. However, there was no direct evidence for the binding of the active compound to LasR (or any other targets). Herein we describe the design and synthesis of a biotin-tagged version of the active compound. This could potentially be used as an affinity-based chemical probe to ascertain, in a direct fashion, the active compound’s macromolecular biological targets, and thus better delineate the mechanism by which it reduces the level of pyocyanin production.
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128
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O'Connell KMG, Hodgkinson JT, Sore HF, Welch M, Salmond GPC, Spring DR. Die Bekämpfung multiresistenter Bakterien: aktuelle Strategien zur Entdeckung neuer Antibiotika. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201209979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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129
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O'Connell KMG, Hodgkinson JT, Sore HF, Welch M, Salmond GPC, Spring DR. Combating Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria: Current Strategies for the Discovery of Novel Antibacterials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:10706-33. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201209979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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130
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Maurer CK, Steinbach A, Hartmann RW. Development and validation of a UHPLC-MS/MS procedure for quantification of the Pseudomonas Quinolone Signal in bacterial culture after acetylation for characterization of new quorum sensing inhibitors. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2013; 86:127-34. [PMID: 24001903 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Revised: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The appearance of antibiotic resistance requires novel therapeutic strategies. One approach is to selectively attenuate bacterial pathogenicity by interfering with bacterial cell-to-cell communication known as quorum sensing. The PQS quorum sensing system of Pseudomonas aeruginosa employs as signal molecule the Pseudomonas Quinolone Signal (PQS; 2-heptyl-3-hydroxy-4-(1H)-quinolone), a key contributor to virulence and biofilm formation. Thus, interference with PQS production is considered as promising approach for the development of novel anti-infectives. Therefore, in this study, we developed and validated an ultra-high performance liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric approach for reliable quantification of PQS in P. aeruginosa cultures for activity determination of new quorum sensing inhibitors. The poor chromatographic properties of PQS reported by others could be overcome by fast microwave-assisted acetylation. The validation procedure including matrix effects, recovery, process efficiency, selectivity, carry-over, accuracy and precision, stability of the processed sample, and limit of quantification demonstrated that the method fulfilled all requirements of common validation guidelines. Its applicability was successfully proven in routine testing. In addition, two-point calibration was shown to be applicable for fast and reliable PQS quantification saving time and resources. In summary, the described method provides a powerful tool for the discovery of new quorum sensing inhibitors as potential anti-infectives and illustrated the usefulness of chemical derivatization, acetylation, in liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine K Maurer
- Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Campus C2.3, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
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131
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Jakobsen TH, Bjarnsholt T, Jensen PØ, Givskov M, Høiby N. Targeting quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms: current and emerging inhibitors. Future Microbiol 2013; 8:901-21. [DOI: 10.2217/fmb.13.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial resistance to conventional antibiotics combined with an increasing acknowledgement of the role of biofilms in chronic infections has led to a growing interest in new antimicrobial strategies that target the biofilm mode of growth. In the aggregated biofilm mode, cell-to-cell communication systems involved in the process known as quorum sensing regulate coordinated expression of virulence with immune shielding mechanisms and antibiotic resistance. For two decades, the potential of interference with quorum sensing by small chemical compounds has been investigated with the aim of developing alternative antibacterial strategies. Here, we review state of the art research of quorum sensing inhibitors against the opportunistic human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which is found in a number of biofilm-associated infections and identified as the predominant organism infecting the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Holm Jakobsen
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of International Health, Immunology & Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Bjarnsholt
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of International Health, Immunology & Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Østrup Jensen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Givskov
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of International Health, Immunology & Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Singapore Centre on Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Niels Høiby
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of International Health, Immunology & Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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132
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Welch M, Hodgkinson JT, Gross J, Spring DR, Sams T. Ligand binding kinetics of the quorum sensing regulator PqsR. Biochemistry 2013; 52:4433-8. [PMID: 23713667 DOI: 10.1021/bi400315s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Pseudomonas aeruginosa quinolone signal (PQS) is a quorum sensing molecule that plays an important role in regulating the virulence of this organism. We have purified the ligand binding domain of the receptor PqsRLBD for PQS and have used Förster resonance energy transfer fluorimetry and kinetic modeling to characterize the ligand binding in vitro. The dissociation constant for binding of PQS to a ligand binding site in (PqsRLBD)2 dimers was determined to be 1.2 ± 0.3 μM. We found no cooperativity in the consecutive binding of two ligand molecules to the dimer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Welch
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB21QW, United Kingdom.
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133
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Bond LM, Tumbarello DA, Kendrick-Jones J, Buss F. Small-molecule inhibitors of myosin proteins. Future Med Chem 2013; 5:41-52. [PMID: 23256812 PMCID: PMC3971371 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.12.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in screening and computational methods have enhanced recent efforts to discover/design small-molecule protein inhibitors. One attractive target for inhibition is the myosin family of motor proteins. Myosins function in a wide variety of cellular processes, from intracellular trafficking to cell motility, and are implicated in several human diseases (e.g., cancer, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, deafness and many neurological disorders). Potent and selective myosin inhibitors are, therefore, not only a tool for understanding myosin function, but are also a resource for developing treatments for diseases involving myosin dysfunction or overactivity. This review will provide a brief overview of the characteristics and scientific/therapeutic applications of the presently identified small-molecule myosin inhibitors before discussing the future of myosin inhibitor and activator design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Bond
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - David A Tumbarello
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | | | - Folma Buss
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
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134
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Fighting Plant Diseases Through the Application of Bacillus and Pseudomonas Strains. SOIL BIOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-39317-4_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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135
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New life for an old drug: the anthelmintic drug niclosamide inhibits Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum sensing. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2012; 57:996-1005. [PMID: 23254430 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01952-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The need for novel antibacterial strategies and the awareness of the importance of quorum sensing (QS) in bacterial infections have stimulated research aimed at identifying QS inhibitors (QSIs). However, clinical application of QSIs identified so far is still distant, likely due to their unsuitability for use in humans. A promising way to overcome this problem is searching for anti-QS side activity among the thousands of drugs approved for clinical use in the treatment of different diseases. Here, we applied this strategy to the search for QSIs, by screening a library of FDA-approved compounds for their ability to inhibit the QS response in the Gram-negative pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We found that the anthelmintic drug niclosamide strongly inhibits the P. aeruginosa QS response and production of acyl-homoserine lactone QS signal molecules. Microarray analysis showed that niclosamide affects the transcription of about 250 genes, with a high degree of target specificity toward the QS-dependent regulon. Phenotypic assays demonstrated that niclosamide suppresses surface motility and production of the secreted virulence factors elastase, pyocyanin, and rhamnolipids, and it reduces biofilm formation. In accordance with the strong antivirulence activity disclosed in vitro, niclosamide prevented P. aeruginosa pathogenicity in an insect model of acute infection. Besides the finding that an FDA-approved drug has a promising antivirulence activity against one of the most antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens, this work provides a proof of concept that a lateral anti-QS activity can be detected among drugs already used in humans, validating a new approach to identify QSIs that could easily move into clinical applications.
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136
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Abstract
The human innate immune response to pathogens is complex, and it has been difficult to establish the contribution of epithelial signaling in the prevention of upper respiratory tract infection. The prevalence of chronic sinusitis in the absence of systemic immune defects indicates that there may be local defects in innate immunity associated with such mucosal infections. In this issue of the JCI, Cohen and colleagues investigate the role of the bitter taste receptors in airway epithelial cells, and find that these are critical to sensing the presence of invading pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Prince
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA.
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137
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Morkunas B, Galloway WRJD, Wright M, Ibbeson BM, Hodgkinson JT, O'Connell KMG, Bartolucci N, Della Valle M, Welch M, Spring DR. Inhibition of the production of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence factor pyocyanin in wild-type cells by quorum sensing autoinducer-mimics. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:8452-64. [PMID: 23014532 DOI: 10.1039/c2ob26501j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a notorious human pathogen associated with a range of life-threatening nosocomial infections. There is an increasing problem of antibiotic resistance in P. aeruginosa, highlighted by the emergence of multi-drug resistant strains. Thus the exploration of new strategies for the treatment of P. aeruginosa infections is clearly warranted. P. aeruginosa is known to produce a range of virulence factors that enhance its ability to damage the host tissue and cause disease. One of the most important virulence factors is pyocyanin. P. aeruginosa regulates pyocyanin production using an intercellular communication mechanism called quorum sensing, which is mediated by small signalling molecules termed autoinducers. One native autoinducer is N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone (OdDHL). Herein we report the synthesis of a collection of abiotic OdDHL-mimics. A number of novel compounds capable of competing with the endogenous OdDHL and consequently, inhibiting the production of pyocyanin in cultures of wild type P. aeruginosa were identified. We present evidence suggesting that compounds of this general structural type act as direct antagonists of quorum sensing in P. aeruginosa and as such may find value as molecular tools for the study and manipulation of this signalling pathway. A direct quantitative comparison of the pyocyanin suppressive activities of the most active OdDHL-mimics with some previously-reported inhibitors (based around different general structural frameworks) of quorum sensing from the literature, was also made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardas Morkunas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, UK
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