101
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Poulhès F, Rizzato E, Bernasconi P, Rosas R, Viel S, Jicsinszky L, Rockenbauer A, Bardelang D, Siri D, Gaudel-Siri A, Karoui H, Hardy M, Ouari O. Synthesis and properties of a series of β-cyclodextrin/nitrone spin traps for improved superoxide detection. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:6358-6366. [PMID: 28715016 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob00961e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Three new DEPMPO-based spin traps have been designed and synthesized for improved superoxide detection, each carrying a cyclodextrin (CD) moiety but with a different alkyl chain on the phosphorus atom or with a long spacer arm. EPR spectroscopy allowed us to estimate the half-life of the superoxide spin adducts which is close to the value previously reported for CD-DEPMPO (t1/2 ≈ 50-55 min under the conditions investigated). The spectra are typical of superoxide adducts (almost no features of the HO˙ adduct that usually forms with time for other nitrone spin traps such as DMPO) and we show that at 250 μM, the new spin trap enables the reliable detection of superoxide by 1 scan at the position opposite to the corresponding spin trap without the CD moiety. The resistance of the spin adducts to a reduction process has been evaluated, and the superoxide spin adducts are sensitive to ascorbate and glutathione (GSH), but not to glutathione peroxidase/GSH, reflecting the exposed nature of the nitroxide moiety to the bulk solvent. To understand these results, 2D-ROESY NMR studies and molecular dynamics pointed to a shallow or surface self-inclusion of the nitrone spin traps and of nitroxide spin adducts presumably due to the high flexibility of the permethyl-β-CD rim.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Poulhès
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, UMR 7273, SREP, 13013 Marseille, France
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102
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Metere A, Frezzotti F, Graves CE, Vergine M, De Luca A, Pietraforte D, Giacomelli L. A possible role for selenoprotein glutathione peroxidase (GPx1) and thioredoxin reductases (TrxR1) in thyroid cancer: our experience in thyroid surgery. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:7. [PMID: 29371830 PMCID: PMC5769232 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0504-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress is responsible for some alterations in the chemical structure and, consequently, in the function of proteins, lipids, and DNA. Recent studies have linked oxidative stress to cancers, particularly thyroid cancer, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we further characterize the role of oxidative stress in thyroid cancer by analyzing the expression of two selenium antioxidant molecules, glutathione peroxidase (GPx1) and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR1) in thyroid cancer cells. Methods Samples of both healthy thyroid tissue and thyroid tumor were taken for analysis after total thyroidectomy. The expression of GPx1 and TrxR1 was revealed by Western blot analysis and quantified by densitometric analyses, while the evaluation of free radicals was performed by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR)-spin trapping technique. Results Our results show a decrease in the expression of GPx1 and TrxR1 (− 45.7 and − 43.2% respectively, p < 0.01) in the thyroid cancer cells compared to the healthy cells. In addition, the EPR technique shows an increase of free radicals in tumor tissue, significantly higher than that found in healthy thyroid tissue (+ 116.3%, p < 0.01). Conclusions Our findings underscore the relationship between thyroid cancer and oxidative stress, showing the imbalance of the oxidant/antioxidant system in thyroid cancer tissue. These results suggest that either the inability to produce adequate antioxidant defense or an increased consumption of antioxidants, due to the hyper-production of free radicals, may play a crucial role in thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Metere
- 1Department of Surgical Sciences, Umberto I Hospital, "Sapienza" University of Rome, viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Frezzotti
- 1Department of Surgical Sciences, Umberto I Hospital, "Sapienza" University of Rome, viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Vergine
- 1Department of Surgical Sciences, Umberto I Hospital, "Sapienza" University of Rome, viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro De Luca
- 1Department of Surgical Sciences, Umberto I Hospital, "Sapienza" University of Rome, viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Pietraforte
- 3Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Giacomelli
- 1Department of Surgical Sciences, Umberto I Hospital, "Sapienza" University of Rome, viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
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103
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Bleve V, Franchi P, Konstanteli E, Gualandi L, Goldup SM, Mezzina E, Lucarini M. Synthesis and Characterisation of a Paramagnetic [2]Rotaxane Based on a Crown Ether-Like Wheel Incorporating a Nitroxide Motif. Chemistry 2017; 24:1198-1203. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Bleve
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo. Ciamician”; University of Bologna; Via S. Giacomo 11 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Paola Franchi
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo. Ciamician”; University of Bologna; Via S. Giacomo 11 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Evangelia Konstanteli
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo. Ciamician”; University of Bologna; Via S. Giacomo 11 40126 Bologna Italy
- Nationaland Kapodistria; University of Athens; Greece
| | - Lorenzo Gualandi
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo. Ciamician”; University of Bologna; Via S. Giacomo 11 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Stephen M. Goldup
- Department of Chemistry; University of Southampton; Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Elisabetta Mezzina
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo. Ciamician”; University of Bologna; Via S. Giacomo 11 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Marco Lucarini
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo. Ciamician”; University of Bologna; Via S. Giacomo 11 40126 Bologna Italy
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104
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Zielonka J, Hardy M, Michalski R, Sikora A, Zielonka M, Cheng G, Ouari O, Podsiadły R, Kalyanaraman B. Recent Developments in the Probes and Assays for Measurement of the Activity of NADPH Oxidases. Cell Biochem Biophys 2017; 75:335-349. [PMID: 28660426 PMCID: PMC5693611 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-017-0813-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
NADPH oxidases are a family of enzymes capable of transferring electrons from NADPH to molecular oxygen. A major function of NADPH oxidases is the activation of molecular oxygen into reactive oxygen species. Increased activity of NADPH oxidases has been implicated in various pathologies, including cardiovascular disease, neurological dysfunction, and cancer. Thus, NADPH oxidases have been identified as a viable target for the development of novel therapeutics exhibiting inhibitory effects on NADPH oxidases. Here, we describe the development of new assays for measuring the activity of NADPH oxidases enabling the high-throughput screening for NADPH oxidase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Zielonka
- Department of Biophysics and Free Radical Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
| | - Micael Hardy
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, 13013, Marseille, France
| | - Radosław Michalski
- Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924, Lodz, Poland
| | - Adam Sikora
- Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924, Lodz, Poland
| | - Monika Zielonka
- Department of Biophysics and Free Radical Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Gang Cheng
- Department of Biophysics and Free Radical Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Olivier Ouari
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, 13013, Marseille, France
| | - Radosław Podsiadły
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924, Lodz, Poland
| | - Balaraman Kalyanaraman
- Department of Biophysics and Free Radical Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
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105
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Vallotto C, Williams HE, Murphy DM, Ayres ZJ, Edge R, Newton ME, Wedge CJ. An Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy study on the γ-irradiation sterilization of the pharmaceutical excipient l-histidine: Regeneration of the radicals in solution. Int J Pharm 2017; 533:315-319. [PMID: 28964903 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.09.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The effects of γ-radiation sterilization on the parenteral excipient l-histidine were analysed by means of EPR spectroscopy. The irradiation process was found to induce the formation of a deamination radical which was persistent in the solid state. The nature and reactivity of the radicals following dissolution in water was evaluated using spin-trapping EPR experiments. The deamination radical was found to regenerate in solution in the presence of trace metals, potentially leading to radical induced degradation reactions occurring up to an hour after the dissolution process. Understanding this process is significant for the improved design of parental pharmaceutical formulations in which unwanted radical reactions after γ-radiation sterilization could lead to degradation of active ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vallotto
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - H E Williams
- Product Development, AstraZeneca, Silk Road Business Park, Macclesfield, SK10 2NA, UK
| | - D M Murphy
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Z J Ayres
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - R Edge
- Dalton Cumbrian Facility, The University of Manchester, Westlakes Science & Technology Park, Moor Row, Cumbria CA24 3HA, UK
| | - M E Newton
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - C J Wedge
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK; Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, HD1 3DH, UK.
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106
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Nawab A, Nichols A, Klug R, Shapiro JI, Sodhi K. Spin Trapping: A Review for the Study of Obesity Related Oxidative Stress and Na +/K +-ATPase. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 8. [PMID: 28815154 PMCID: PMC5555609 DOI: 10.4172/2155-9899.1000505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have gained attention with mounting evidence of their importance in cell signaling and various disease states. ROS is produced continuously as a natural by-product of normal oxygen metabolism. However, high levels ROS causes oxidative stress and damage to biomolecules. This results in loss of protein function, DNA cleavage, lipid peroxidation, or ultimately cell injury or death. Obesity has become a worldwide epidemic; studies show fat accumulation is associated with increased ROS and oxidative stress. Evidence exists supporting oxidative stress as a factor driving forward insulin resistance (IR), potentially resulting in diabetes. Na+/K+-ATPase signaling is also a potential source of ROS promoting oxidative stress. The best way to observe radical species in biological systems is electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy with spin trapping. EPR spin trapping is an important technique to study the mechanisms driving disease states attributed to ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athar Nawab
- Department of Medicine, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, USA
| | - Alexandra Nichols
- Department of Medicine, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, USA
| | - Rebecca Klug
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Marshall University, USA
| | - Joseph I Shapiro
- Department of Medicine, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, USA
| | - Komal Sodhi
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Marshall University, USA
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107
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Wang Y, Olankitwanit A, Rajca S, Rajca A. Intramolecular Hydrogen Atom Transfer in Aminyl Radical at Room Temperature with Large Kinetic Isotope Effect. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:7144-7147. [PMID: 28514849 PMCID: PMC5528148 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b02692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We report a large kinetic isotope effect at 298 K, kH/kD ≈ 150, associated with an intramolecular 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer (1,5-HAT) in the decay of a PEGylated carbazyl (aminyl) radical in solution. The experimental observations surprisingly combine the hallmarks of tunneling, including large KIEs and unusual activation parameters, with linear Arrhenius and Eyring plots over an exceptionally wide temperature range of 116 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0304
| | - Arnon Olankitwanit
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0304
| | - Suchada Rajca
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0304
| | - Andrzej Rajca
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0304
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108
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Espada
- Ramón y Cajal Institute for Biomedical Research (IRYCIS), Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Colmenar Viejo Rd. Km. 9, 100, 28034 Madrid, Spain; Bionanotechnology Laboratory, Bernardo O'Higgins University, General Gana 1780, 8370854 Santiago, Chile
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