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Gook DA. History of oocyte cryopreservation. Reprod Biomed Online 2010; 23:281-9. [PMID: 21549640 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2010.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2010] [Revised: 09/28/2010] [Accepted: 10/27/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The potential advantages of being able to cryopreserve oocytes have been apparent for many decades. Technical difficulties associated with the unique properties of the mammalian oocyte initially retarded rapid development in this area but recent advances have overcome many of the problems. A stage has now been reached where oocyte cryopreservation can be considered an important component of human assisted reproductive technology. The potential advantages of being able to cryopreserve oocytes have been apparent for many decades. Technical difficulties associated with the unique properties of the mammalian oocyte initially retarded rapid development in this area but recent advances have overcome many of the problems. A stage has now been reached where oocyte cryopreservation can be considered an important component of human assisted reproductive technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debra A Gook
- Reproductive Services, Royal Women's Hospital/Melbourne IVF and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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102
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Desai N, Xu J, Tsulaia T, Szeptycki-Lawson J, AbdelHafez F, Goldfarb J, Falcone T. Vitrification of mouse embryo-derived ICM cells: a tool for preserving embryonic stem cell potential? J Assist Reprod Genet 2010; 28:93-9. [PMID: 21057976 PMCID: PMC3059526 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-010-9500-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2010] [Accepted: 10/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Vitrification technology presents new opportunities for preservation of embryo derived stem cells without first establishing a viable ESC line. This study tests the feasibility of cryopreserving ICM cells using vitrification. Materials and Methods ICMs from mouse embryos were isolated and vitrified in HSV straws or on cryoloops. Upon warming, the vitrified ICMs were cultured and observed for attachment and morphology. Colonies were passaged every 3–6 days. ICMs and ICM-derived ESC colonies were tested for expression of stem cell specific markers. Results ICMs vitrified on both the cryoloop and the HSV straw had high survival rates. ICM derived ESCs remained undifferentiated for several passages and demonstrated expression of typical stem cell markers; SSEA-1, Sox-2, Oct 4 and alkaline phosphatase. Conclusion This is the first report on successful vitrification of isolated ICMs and the subsequent derivation of ESC colonies. Vitrification of isolated ICMs is a novel approach for preservation of the “stem cell source” material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Desai
- Department of OB-GYN, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Women's Health Institute, Beachwood, OH, USA.
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103
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Abstract
Up-to-date cryopreservation is a central component of contemporary human-assisted reproduction and fertility preservation technologies. Presently, the preservation of seminal and testicular spermatozoa, embryos, and oocytes can be readily achieved with a high functional survival rate. Preservation of the ovarian cortex containing a greater number of female germ cells is an experimental procedure under extensive investigation in many centers. All these techniques are used for various purposes like optimization of assisted reproduction, provision of donor gametes, fertility preservation for cancer patients and aging women, and posthumous reproduction. Here, we present a comprehensive review of the various applications of gamete, embryo, and ovarian tissue cryopreservation and discuss their basic biological principles, practical applicability, and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoel Shufaro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel.
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104
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Ling XF, Zhang JQ, Cao SR, Chen J, Peng Y, Guo X, Heng BC, Tong GQ, Wang X. Effect of cryotop vitrification on preimplantation developmental competence of murine morula and blastocyst stage embryos. Reprod Biomed Online 2010; 19:708-13. [PMID: 20021719 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2009.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Vitrification is an effective method for the cryopreservation of mammalian embryos. Nevertheless, it is unclear which embryonic developmental stage is the most suited for vitrification and would ensure maximal developmental competence upon subsequent warming. This study, therefore, compared the effects of cryotop vitrification on the developmental competence of murine morula and blastocyst stage embryos. Additionally, trophectoderm (TE) and inner cell mass (ICM) cell numbers were compared in two hatched blastocyst groups derived from vitrified morulae and blastocysts, respectively. The post-vitrification survival rates for mouse embryos at the morula and blastocyst stage were 95.4% (186/195) and 96.5% (195/202), respectively. The blastocyst formation rate was significantly lower for vitrified morulae (90.3%) compared with the non-vitrified control group (98.4%) (P < 0.05). The hatching rates were similar between the vitrified morula (79.6%) and the vitrified blastocyst (81.0%) groups. When further development to the fully hatched blastocyst stage was compared, fully hatched blastocysts derived from vitrified morulae had significantly higher cell counts for both the ICM and TE lineage, as compared with hatched blastocysts derived from vitrified blastocysts (P < 0.001). Cryotop vitrification of mouse embryos at the morula stage rather than blastocyst stage would thus ensure a higher degree of post-warming developmental competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Feng Ling
- Department of Reproduction, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
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105
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Parmegiani L, Accorsi A, Cognigni GE, Bernardi S, Troilo E, Filicori M. Sterilization of liquid nitrogen with ultraviolet irradiation for safe vitrification of human oocytes or embryos. Fertil Steril 2010; 94:1525-1528. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.05.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2009] [Revised: 05/14/2009] [Accepted: 05/21/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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106
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107
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One decade of experience with vitrification of human embryos in straws, hemi-straws, and high security vitrification straws. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.3109/9780203090022.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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108
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109
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Zhou X, Al Naib A, Sun D, Lonergan P. Bovine oocyte vitrification using the Cryotop method: Effect of cumulus cells and vitrification protocol on survival and subsequent development. Cryobiology 2010; 61:66-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2010.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2010] [Revised: 05/05/2010] [Accepted: 05/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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110
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Liu J, Song Y, Cheng KM, Silversides FG. Production of Donor-Derived Offspring from Cryopreserved Ovarian Tissue in Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica)1. Biol Reprod 2010; 83:15-9. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.110.083733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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111
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112
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In vitro maturation, apoptotic gene expression and incidence of numerical chromosomal abnormalities following cryotop vitrification of sheep cumulus-oocyte complexes. J Assist Reprod Genet 2010; 27:239-46. [PMID: 20217472 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-010-9401-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2009] [Accepted: 02/11/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of cryotop vitrification of sheep cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) on oocyte maturation, apoptotic gene expression and incidence of chromosomal abnormalities. METHODS Freshly isolated (control group) and vitrified-warmed COCs (cryotop group) were matured in vitro. The expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic genes was investigated by real-time PCR. The incidence of numerical chromosomal abnormalities was evaluated by cytogenetic analysis. RESULTS The mean percentage of oocytes in the cryotop and control groups that reached metaphase II was 49.25 +/- 3.01% and 51.94 +/- 2.7% respectively. The expression rates of pro- and anti-apoptotic genes were similar in both groups, whereas the incidence of numerical chromosomal abnormalities was higher in the cryotop group compared to the control group (42.5% vs. 20%, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Although cryotop vitrification of COCs did not affect the incidence of oocyte maturation or apoptotic gene expression, significant deficiencies in the maintenance of oocyte chromosomal organization were seen.
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113
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Yu X, Deng W, Liu F, Li Y, Li X, Zhang Y, Zan L. Closed pulled straw vitrification of in vitro–produced and in vivo–produced bovine embryos. Theriogenology 2010; 73:474-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2009] [Revised: 09/13/2009] [Accepted: 10/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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114
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Effect of container, vitrification volume and warming solution on cryosurvival of in vitro-produced bovine embryos. Anim Reprod Sci 2010; 118:19-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2009.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2008] [Revised: 06/11/2009] [Accepted: 06/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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115
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Smith GD, Serafini PC, Fioravanti J, Yadid I, Coslovsky M, Hassun P, Alegretti JR, Motta EL. Prospective randomized comparison of human oocyte cryopreservation with slow-rate freezing or vitrification. Fertil Steril 2010; 94:2088-95. [PMID: 20171613 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.12.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2009] [Revised: 12/15/2009] [Accepted: 12/23/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare cryopreservation of mature human oocytes with slow-rate freezing and vitrification and determine which is most efficient at establishing a pregnancy. DESIGN Prospective randomized. SETTING Academically affiliated, private fertility center. PATIENT(S) Consenting patients with concerns about embryo cryopreservation and more than nine mature oocytes at retrieval were randomized to slow-rate freezing or vitrification of supernumerary (more than nine) oocytes. INTERVENTION(S) Oocytes were frozen or vitrified, and upon request oocytes were thawed or warmed, respectively. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Oocyte survival, fertilization, embryo development, and clinical pregnancy. RESULT(S) Patient use has resulted in 30 thaws and 48 warmings. Women's age at time of cryopreservation was similar. Oocyte survival was significantly higher following vitrification/warming (81%) compared with freezing/thawing (67%). Fertilization was more successful in oocytes vitrified/warmed compared with frozen/thawed. Fertilized oocytes from vitrification/warming had significantly better cleavage rates (84%) compared with freezing/thawing (71%) and resulted in embryos with significantly better morphology. Although similar numbers of embryos were transferred, embryos resulting from vitrified oocytes had significantly enhanced clinical (38%) pregnancy rates compared with embryos resulting from frozen oocyte (13%). Miscarriage and/or spontaneous abortion rates were similar. CONCLUSION(S) Our results suggest that vitrification/warming is currently the most efficient means of oocyte cryopreservation in relation to subsequent success in establishing pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary D Smith
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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116
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Desai N, Abdelhafez F, Bedaiwy MA, Goldberg J, Falcone T, Goldfarb J. Clinical pregnancy and live births after transfer of embryos vitrified on day 3. Reprod Biomed Online 2010; 20:808-13. [PMID: 20378417 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2010.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2009] [Revised: 10/28/2009] [Accepted: 01/18/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Human embryo vitrification is a promising new technology but clinical outcome data is needed to gauge its effectiveness and safety. While pregnancy and live-birth data is available for blastocyst vitrification, such information is lacking for human embryo vitrification at the 6- to 8-cell stage. The current work presents clinical and obstetric outcomes from the transfer of embryos vitrified on day 3 at the cleavage stage. A total of 270 transfers were performed. The clinical pregnancy and implantation rates for patients under 38 years of age (n=200) were 45% and 24%, respectively. Corresponding rates in patients 38-42 years old declined to 29% and 13% (n=70). Embryonic compaction and/or blastulation by the time of transfer were excellent prognostic indicators of a successful pregnancy outcome. Of the 66 deliveries, 12 (18.2%) were twin pregnancies and nine were preterm (13.6%). The mean birthweight for singletons was 3281+/-644 g, compared with 2506+/-549 g in the twin pregnancies. A total of 78 infants have been born with no major congenital malformations. These data attest to the efficacy and safety of the vitrification technique for cryopreservation of human embryos at the 6- to 8-cell stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Desai
- Cleveland Clinic Fertility Center, Department of OB/GYN and Women's Health Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 26900 Cedar Rd., Beachwood, OH 44122, USA.
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Sugiyama R, Nakagawa K, Shirai A, Sugiyama R, Nishi Y, Kuribayashi Y, Inoue M. Clinical outcomes resulting from the transfer of vitrified human embryos using a new device for cryopreservation (plastic blade). J Assist Reprod Genet 2010; 27:161-7. [PMID: 20127161 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-010-9390-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2009] [Accepted: 01/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We attempted clinical application of a plastic blade, which is a novel cryopreservation device, for vitrification of human embryos and blastocysts. METHODS Between February 2003 and December 2007, a total of 4,430 Day 3 embryos from 898 patients (Day 3 group) and 55 blastocysts from 29 patients (blastocyst group) were vitrified and cryopreserved with a plastic device, and subsequently thawed for embryo transfer. Clinical outcomes after thawing and transfer of vitrified embryos and blastocysts were evaluated. RESULTS In the Day 3 group, all embryos resulting from 1,441 oocyte retrieval cycles were recovered, and the thawed embryo survival rate was 98.4%. In the blastocyst group, the survival rate after thawing was 100%. A total of 3,026 day 3 embryos and 46 blastocysts were transferred. The pregnancy and implantation rates in the Day 3 group were 25.0% and 15.5%, respectively, and in the blastocyst group the rates were 24.2% and 26.1%, respectively. The miscarriage rates in the Day 3 and blastocyst groups were 18.3% and 50.0%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS A plastic blade is a useful novel device in cryopreservation of vitrified human embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikikazu Sugiyama
- Division of Reproductive Medicine, Sugiyama Clinic, 1-53-1, Ohara, Setagaya, Tokyo, 156-0041, Japan
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118
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Li T, Mai Q, Gao J, Zhou C. Cryopreservation of human embryonic stem cells with a new bulk vitrification method. Biol Reprod 2010; 82:848-53. [PMID: 20075393 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.109.080713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
To increase the manipulation efficiency and storage capability of vitrified human embryonic stem cells, a new bulk vitrification method was established using transformed cryovials. This method vitrified a large number of cell clumps, as opposed to those cryopreserved by a slow-freezing method with conventional cryovials at one time (round). After warming, vitrified human embryonic stem cells exhibited a much higher survival rate than the slow-freezing cells. The vitrified stem cells continued to express markers of pluripotency and formed teratomas in mice with severe combined immunodeficiency, confirming the pluripotency of vitrified-warmed human embryonic stem cell clumps. The new bulk vitrification method is superior to and more practical than the open pulled straw vitrification method and the slow-freezing method for the cryopreservation of human embryonic stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
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119
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FUJIWARA K, SANO D, SEITA Y, INOMATA T, ITO J, KASHIWAZAKI N. Ethylene Glycol-supplemented Calcium-free Media Improve Zona Penetration of Vitrified Rat Oocytes by Sperm Cells. J Reprod Dev 2010; 56:169-75. [DOI: 10.1262/jrd.09-107h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Katsuyoshi FUJIWARA
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Azabu University
| | - Daisuke SANO
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Azabu University
| | - Yasunari SEITA
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Azabu University
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Human Embryonic Stem Cell Core Facility, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School
| | - Tomo INOMATA
- Laboratory of Experimental Animal Science, Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Azabu University
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University
| | - Junya ITO
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Azabu University
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University
| | - Naomi KASHIWAZAKI
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Azabu University
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University
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120
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IVM and gene expression of sheep cumulus–oocyte complexes following different methods of vitrification. Reprod Biomed Online 2010; 20:26-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2009.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2009] [Revised: 05/26/2009] [Accepted: 10/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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121
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Vitrification of human embryos subjected to blastomere biopsy for pre-implantation genetic screening produces higher survival and pregnancy rates than slow freezing. J Assist Reprod Genet 2009; 26:629-35. [PMID: 19967555 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-009-9369-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2009] [Accepted: 11/13/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Cryopreservation of blastocysts, especially those subjected to the trauma due to blastomere biopsy for the purposes of pre-implantation genetic screening (PGS), requires significant optimization. Laboratory and clinical outcomes were compared to determine the effect of two different cryopreservation techniques on the development of human pre-implantation embryos that underwent blastomere biopsy and blastocoel drainage prior to cryopreservation. DESIGN Retrospective clinical study. PATIENT(S) Women who requested cryotransfer of supernumerary blastocysts were analyzed by FISH. RESULTS The main outcome measures were post-thaw survival (SR), pregnancy (PR), and implantation (IR). The SR of slowly frozen blastocysts was 83% compared to 97% for vitrified blastocysts. In 160 cases where biopsied embryos were cryotransferred, the results for slowly frozen versus vitrified blastocysts were: SR (71% vs. 95%), PR (23% vs. 37%), and IR (26% vs. 36%, P < 0.05), respectively. CONCLUSION The results revealed that vitrified blastocysts provided higher SR, PR and IR as compared to slowly frozen counterparts.
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122
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Zhang J, Cui J, Ling X, Li X, Peng Y, Guo X, Heng BC, Tong GQ. Vitrification of mouse embryos at 2-cell, 4-cell and 8-cell stages by cryotop method. J Assist Reprod Genet 2009; 26:621-8. [PMID: 19967554 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-009-9370-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2009] [Accepted: 11/13/2009] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of vitrification on the preimplantation developmental competence of mouse 2-cell, 4-cell and 8-cell stage embryos. METHODS Mouse 2-cell, 4-cell and 8-cell stage embryos were cryopreserved using the cryotop vitrification method and subsequently warmed on a later date. The embryos were then assessed by their morphology, blastocyst formation and hatching rates. Additionally, trophectoderm (TE) and inner cell mass (ICM) cell numbers were compared in hatched blastocysts from the control and experimental groups. RESULTS Vitrified embryos at the 2-cell, 4-cell and 8-cell stages appeared morphologically normal after warming. The overall survival rate of vitrified embryos at various stages after warming was 96.7% and there were no significant differences among 2-cell stage (96.0%), 4-cell stage (96.8%) and 8-cell stage (97.1%) embryos (P > 0.05). The blastocyst formation rate (69.4%) and hatching rate (52.6%) of vitrified 2-cell embryos were significantly lower than that from the control group and vitrified 8-cell embryos (P < 0.05). In the vitrified 4-cell embryo group, the blastocyst formation rate (90.3%) was similar to the 8-cell group (91.2%), but the hatching rate (60.0%) was significantly lower than that of the non-vitrified control ( 84.1%) and vitrified 8-cell embryo (78.4%) groups (P < 0.05). When further development to the fully hatched blastocyst stage was compared, hatched blastocysts derived from vitrified 2-cell, 4-cell and 8-cell embryos had significantly lower cell counts both in the ICM and TE, as compared to fresh blastocysts (P < 0.05). Among the vitrified 2-cell, 4-cell and 8-cell embryo groups, there were no significant differences in the cell counts of ICM and TE (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Although cryotop vitrification was suitable for the cryopreservation of mouse embryos from the 2-cell stage, 4-cell stage and 8-cell stage without significant loss of survival, vitrification had an adverse effect on the development of 2-cell embryos. Mouse embryos at the 8-cell stage had the best tolerance for vitrification and would yield the highest level of post-vitrification developmental competence among early cleavage stage embryos. Nevertheless, it is unclear how these findings can be extrapolated to human embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqiang Zhang
- Department of Reproduction, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, People's Republic of China
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123
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Sher G, Keskintepe L, Keskintepe M, Maassarani G, Tortoriello D, Brody S. Genetic analysis of human embryos by metaphase comparative genomic hybridization (mCGH) improves efficiency of IVF by increasing embryo implantation rate and reducing multiple pregnancies and spontaneous miscarriages. Fertil Steril 2009; 92:1886-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2008] [Revised: 11/06/2008] [Accepted: 11/21/2008] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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124
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Vanderzwalmen P, Ectors F, Grobet L, Prapas Y, Panagiotidis Y, Vanderzwalmen S, Stecher A, Frias P, Liebermann J, Zech NH. Aseptic vitrification of blastocysts from infertile patients, egg donors and after IVM. Reprod Biomed Online 2009; 19:700-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2009.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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125
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Successful cryopreservation of rat pronuclear-stage embryos by rapid cooling. Cryobiology 2009; 59:226-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2009.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2009] [Revised: 07/05/2009] [Accepted: 07/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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126
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Zhang X, Trokoudes KM, Pavlides C. Vitrification of biopsied embryos at cleavage, morula and blastocyst stage. Reprod Biomed Online 2009; 19:526-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2009.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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127
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Liu J, Mullen S, Meng Q, Critser J, Dinnyes A. Determination of oocyte membrane permeability coefficients and their application to cryopreservation in a rabbit model. Cryobiology 2009; 59:127-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2009.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2008] [Revised: 04/22/2009] [Accepted: 06/01/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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128
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Yin H, Cui L, Liu G, Cen L, Cao Y. Vitreous cryopreservation of tissue engineered bone composed of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and partially demineralized bone matrix. Cryobiology 2009; 59:180-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2009.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2009] [Revised: 06/07/2009] [Accepted: 06/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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129
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Kader AA, Choi A, Orief Y, Agarwal A. Factors affecting the outcome of human blastocyst vitrification. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2009; 7:99. [PMID: 19758458 PMCID: PMC2757025 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-7-99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2009] [Accepted: 09/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
With single blastocyst transfer practice becoming more common in ART, there is a greater demand for a convenient and reliable cryostorage of surplus blastocysts. Vitrification has emerged in the last decade as an alternative promising substitute for slow freezing. Blastocysts represent a unique challenge in cryostorage due to their size, multicellular structure and presence of blastocoele. The continuous acquisition of experience and introduction of many different technological developments has led to the improvement of vitrification as a technology and improved the results of its application in blastocyst cryostorage. The current information concerning safety and efficacy of the vitrification of blastocysts will be reviewed along with the variables that can impact the outcome of the procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr A Kader
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Ob/Gyn and Women's Health Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
- Center of Surgical Innovation, Technology and Education, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Audrey Choi
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Ob/Gyn and Women's Health Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Yasser Orief
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Ob/Gyn and Women's Health Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Center of Surgical Innovation, Technology and Education, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Ob/Gyn and Women's Health Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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130
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Klambauer P, Keresztes Z, Kanyó K, Varga E, Kriston R, Vass N, Jávor A, Konc J, Solti L, Cseh S. Vitrification of cleavage stage mouse embryos by the cryoloop procedure. Acta Vet Hung 2009; 57:399-410. [PMID: 19635712 DOI: 10.1556/avet.57.2009.3.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
By decreasing the volume of the cryoprotective solution it is possible to increase dramatically the freezing speed and - at the same time - reduce the toxicity and osmotic side effects of cryoprotectants (CPA). The objective of our study was to vitrify Day-3 cleavage stage mouse embryos (n = 229) with the cryoloop technology using a new composition of vitrification media. Embryos were exposed to a 2-step loading of CPA, ethylene glycol (EG) and propylene glycol (PG), before being placed on the surface of a thin filmy layer formed from the vitrification solution in a small nylon loop, then they were rapidly submerged into liquid nitrogen. After warming, the CPA was diluted out from the embryos by a 3-step procedure. Survival of embryos was based on morphological appearance after thawing and continued development to expanded blastocysts upon subsequent 48-hour culture. Embryos of the two control groups were either treated likewise except that they were not vitrified, or cultured in vitro without any treatment. Our data show that a high percentage of embryos survived (92.7%) vitrification in the mixture of EG and PG combined with cryoloop carrier and developed normally (89.1%) in vitro after thawing. To our knowledge this is the first report of the successful vitrification of cleavage stage mouse embryos using VitroLoop vitrification procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zsuzsa Keresztes
- 1 Szent István University Department and Clinic of Obstetrics and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Science István u. 2 H-1078 Budapest Hungary
| | - Katalin Kanyó
- 2 Szent János Hospital Infertility and IVF Center Budapest Hungary
| | - Erika Varga
- 2 Szent János Hospital Infertility and IVF Center Budapest Hungary
| | - Rita Kriston
- 2 Szent János Hospital Infertility and IVF Center Budapest Hungary
| | - Nóra Vass
- 4 University of Debrecen Debrecen Hungary
| | | | - János Konc
- 2 Szent János Hospital Infertility and IVF Center Budapest Hungary
| | - László Solti
- 1 Szent István University Department and Clinic of Obstetrics and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Science István u. 2 H-1078 Budapest Hungary
| | - Sándor Cseh
- 1 Szent István University Department and Clinic of Obstetrics and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Science István u. 2 H-1078 Budapest Hungary
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131
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Rezazadeh Valojerdi M, Eftekhari-Yazdi P, Karimian L, Hassani F, Movaghar B. Vitrification versus slow freezing gives excellent survival, post warming embryo morphology and pregnancy outcomes for human cleaved embryos. J Assist Reprod Genet 2009; 26:347-54. [PMID: 19513822 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-009-9318-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2009] [Accepted: 05/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate the efficacy of vitrification and slow freezing for the cryopreservation of human cleavage stage embryos in terms of post-warming survival rate, post-warming embryo morphology and clinical outcomes. METHODS The embryos of 305 patients at cleavage stages were cryopreserved either with vitrification (153 patients) or slow-freezing (152 patients) methods. After warming; the survival rate, post-warmed embryo morphology, clinical pregnancy and implantation rates were evaluated and compared between the two groups. RESULT(S) In the vitrification group versus slow freezing group, the survival rate (96.9% vs. 82.8%) and the post-warmed excellent morphology with all blastomeres intact (91.8% vs. 56.2%) were higher with an odds ratio of 6.607 (95% confidence interval; 4.184-10.434) and 8.769 (95% confidence interval; 6.460-11.904), respectively. In this group, the clinical pregnancy rate (40.5% vs. 21.4%) and the implantation rate (16.6% vs. 6.8%) were also higher with an odds ratio of 2.427 (95%confidence interval; 1.461-4.033) and 2.726 (95% confidence interval; 1.837-4.046), respectively. CONCLUSION(S) Vitrification in contrast to slow freezing is an efficient method for cryopreservation of human cleavage stage embryos. Vitrification provides a higher survival rate, minimal deleterious effects on post-warming embryo morphology and it can improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Rezazadeh Valojerdi
- Embryology Department, Reproductive Medicine Research Center, Royan Institute, ACECR, 19395-4644, Tehran, Iran.
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132
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133
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Tsang WH, Chow KL. Mouse embryo cryopreservation utilizing a novel high-capacity vitrification spatula. Biotechniques 2009; 46:550-2. [DOI: 10.2144/000113125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryo cryopreservation is an indispensable technique in reproductive programs and in animal facilities where genetically modified mice are used extensively. Here we report the use of a vitrification spatula (VS) that can be readily homemade and has a large holding capacity to vitrify preimplantation mammalian embryos in a micro-drop employing ultra-rapid cooling in liquid nitrogen (LN2). Vitrified one-cell embryos and morulae have high survival rates after thawing, and the fertility of the derived progeny is comparable to that of the control unvitrified group. The large holding capacity (up to 50 embryos per VS) does not only allow rapid expansion of storage capacity for additional mouse strains but also opens up the possibility to streamline transgenic mice generation procedures in transgenic facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Hung Tsang
- The Department of Biology, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong
| | - King L. Chow
- The Department of Biology, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong
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134
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Eum JH, Park JK, Lee WS, Cha KR, Yoon TK, Lee DR. Long-term liquid nitrogen vapor storage of mouse embryos cryopreserved using vitrification or slow cooling. Fertil Steril 2009; 91:1928-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.02.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2008] [Revised: 02/14/2008] [Accepted: 02/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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135
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Chen SU, Yang YS. Slow Freezing or Vitrification of Oocytes: Their Effects on Survival and Meiotic Spindles, and the Time Schedule for Clinical Practice. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2009; 48:15-22. [DOI: 10.1016/s1028-4559(09)60030-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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136
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Nottola SA, Coticchio G, Sciajno R, Gambardella A, Maione M, Scaravelli G, Bianchi S, Macchiarelli G, Borini A. Ultrastructural markers of quality in human mature oocytes vitrified using cryoleaf and cryoloop. Reprod Biomed Online 2009; 19 Suppl 3:17-27. [DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(10)60280-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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137
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Dinnyes A, Nedambale TL. Cryopreservation of manipulated embryos: tackling the double jeopardy. Reprod Fertil Dev 2009; 21:45-59. [DOI: 10.1071/rd08220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present review is to provide information to researchers and practitioners concerning the reasons for the altered viability and the medium- and long-term consequences of cryopreservation of manipulated mammalian embryos. Embryo manipulation is defined herein as the act or process of manipulating mammalian embryos, including superovulation, AI, IVM, IVF, in vitro culture, intracytoplasmic sperm injection, embryo biopsy or splitting, somatic cell nuclear transfer cloning, the production of sexed embryos (by sperm sexing), embryo cryopreservation, embryo transfer or the creation of genetically modified (transgenic) embryos. With advances in manipulation technologies, the application of embryo manipulation will become more frequent; the proper prevention and management of the resulting alterations will be crucial in establishing an economically viable animal breeding technology.
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138
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Varghese AC, Peter Nagy Z, Agarwal A. Current trends, biological foundations and future prospects of oocyte and embryo cryopreservation. Reprod Biomed Online 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(10)60181-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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139
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Macas E, Mátyás G, Reuge P, Berger W, Imthurn B. Polar body biopsy for Curschmann–Steinert disease and successful pregnancy following embryo vitrification. Reprod Biomed Online 2009; 18:815-20. [DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(10)60031-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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140
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141
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Current trends, biological foundations and future prospects of oocyte and embryo cryopreservation. Reprod Biomed Online 2009; 19:126-40. [DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(10)60056-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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142
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Yavin S, Aroyo A, Roth Z, Arav A. Embryo cryopreservation in the presence of low concentration of vitrification solution with sealed pulled straws in liquid nitrogen slush. Hum Reprod 2008; 24:797-804. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/den397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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143
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El-Gayar M, Gauly M, Holtz W. One-step dilution of open-pulled-straw (OPS)-vitrified mouse blastocysts in sucrose-free medium. Cryobiology 2008; 57:191-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2008.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2008] [Revised: 07/30/2008] [Accepted: 07/31/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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144
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Morató R, Izquierdo D, Paramio M, Mogas T. Embryo development and structural analysis of in vitro matured bovine oocytes vitrified in flexipet denuding pipettes. Theriogenology 2008; 70:1536-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2008] [Revised: 06/26/2008] [Accepted: 07/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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145
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Liu WX, Luo MJ, Huang P, Yue LM, Wang L, Zhao CY, He YP, Zhang JH, Zheng Y. Comparative study between slow freezing and vitrification of mouse embryos using different cryoprotectants. Reprod Domest Anim 2008; 44:788-91. [PMID: 18992080 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01078.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different cryoprotectants and different cryopreservation protocols on the development of mouse eight-cell embryos. Mouse eight-cell embryos were cryopreserved by using propylene glycerol (PROH), ethylene glycerol (EG), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or glycerol (G) as cryoprotectant with slow-freezing or Vit-Master vitrification protocol. After thawing, the survival rate, blastocyst formation rate and blastocyst hatching rate of the embryos were compared. When the mouse eight-cell embryos were cryopreserved by the slow-freezing, the survival rate, the blastocyst formation rate and the blastocyst hatching rate of the embryos with PROH were significantly higher than those of DMSO and G (p < 0.05, respectively), but not significantly different among those of DMSO, G and EG (p > 0.05, respectively), and not significantly different between those of PROH and EG (p > 0.05, respectively). When the mouse eight-cell embryos were cryopreserved by Vit-Master vitrification, the survival rate, the blastocyst formation rate and the blastocyst hatching rate of the embryos with EG were significantly higher than those of PROH, DMSO and G (p < 0.05, respectively). Yet, there were no significant differences among those of PROH, DMSO and G (p > 0.05, respectively). In conclusion, PROH was the optimal cryoprotectant for the cryopreservation of mouse eight-cell embryos by slow-freezing protocol. EG was the optimal cryoprotectant for the cryopresevation of mouse eight-cell embryos by Vit-Master vitrification protocol, which may be commonly used in clinical and laboratory practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- W-X Liu
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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146
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Dong Q, Correa LM, VandeVoort CA. Rhesus monkey sperm cryopreservation with TEST-yolk extender in the absence of permeable cryoprotectant. Cryobiology 2008; 58:20-27. [PMID: 18992734 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2008.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2008] [Revised: 09/17/2008] [Accepted: 09/24/2008] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Recently, there has been increased interest in ultra-rapid freezing with mammalian spermatozoa, especially for vitrification in the absence of cryoprotectants. Sperm cryopreservation in non-human primates has been successful, but the use of frozen-thawed sperm in standard artificial insemination (AI) remains difficult, and removal of permeable cryoprotectant may offer opportunities for increased AI success. The present study intended to explore the possibility of freezing rhesus monkey sperm in the absence of permeable cryoprotectants. Specifically, we evaluated various factors such as presence or absence of egg yolk, the percentage of egg yolk in the extenders, and the effect of cooling and thawing rate on the success of freezing without permeable cryoprotectants. Findings revealed that freezing with TEST in the absence of egg yolk offers little protection (<15% post-thaw motility). Egg yolk of 40% or more in TEST resulted in decreased motility, while egg yolk in the range of 20-30% yielded the most motile sperm. Cooling at a slow rate (29 degrees C/min) reduced post-thaw motility significantly for samples frozen with TEST-yolk alone, but had no effect for controls in the presence of glycerol. Similarly, slow thawing in room temperature air is detrimental for freezing without permeable cryoprotectant (<2% motility). In addition to motility, the ability of sperm to capacitate based on an increase in intracellular calcium levels upon activation with cAMP and caffeine suggested no difference between fresh and frozen-thawed motile sperm, regardless of treatment. In summary, the present study demonstrates that ejaculated and epididymal sperm from rhesus monkeys can be cryopreserved with TEST-yolk (20%) in the absence of permeable cryoprotectant when samples were loaded in a standard 0.25-mL straw, cooled rapidly in liquid nitrogen vapor at 220 degrees C/min, and thawed rapidly in a 37 degrees C water bath. This study also represents the first success of freezing without permeable cryoprotectant in non-human primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoxiang Dong
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; School of Environmental Science and Public Health, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liane M Correa
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Catherine A VandeVoort
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
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147
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Influence of vitrification on mouse metaphase II oocyte spindle dynamics and chromatin alignment. Fertil Steril 2008; 90:1396-404. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2007] [Revised: 08/09/2007] [Accepted: 08/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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148
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Desai N, Szeptycki J, Scott M, AbdelHafez FF, Goldfarb J. Artificial Collapse of Blastocysts Before Vitrification: Mechanical vs. Laser Technique and Effect on Survival, Cell Number, and Cell Death in Early and Expanded Blastocysts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1089/cpt.2008.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Desai
- Department of OB-GYN, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland Clinic Fertility Center, Beachwood, Ohio
| | - Julia Szeptycki
- Department of OB-GYN, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland Clinic Fertility Center, Beachwood, Ohio
| | - Melanie Scott
- Department of OB-GYN, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland Clinic Fertility Center, Beachwood, Ohio
| | - Faten F. AbdelHafez
- Department of OB-GYN, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland Clinic Fertility Center, Beachwood, Ohio
| | - James Goldfarb
- Department of OB-GYN, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland Clinic Fertility Center, Beachwood, Ohio
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149
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Morató R, Izquierdo D, Paramio MT, Mogas T. Cryotops versus open-pulled straws (OPS) as carriers for the cryopreservation of bovine oocytes: effects on spindle and chromosome configuration and embryo development. Cryobiology 2008; 57:137-41. [PMID: 18680737 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2008.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2008] [Revised: 07/10/2008] [Accepted: 07/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Two experiments were designed to assess the effectiveness of cryopreserving bovine MII oocytes using cryotops as the carrier system for vitrification. In the first experiment, we examined the developmental competence of oocytes after: (i) vitrification in open-pulled straws (OPS method); or (ii) vitrification in <0.1mul medium droplet on the surface of a specially constructed fine polypropylene strip attached to a plastic handle (Cryotop method). In the second experiment, warmed oocytes that had been vitrified in OPS or cryotops were fixed to analyze spindle and chromosome configuration. In all experiments both cow and calf oocytes were used. Significantly different fertilization rates were observed between the vitrification groups: 31.5% and 20.2% for the cow and calf oocytes vitrified in OPS, respectively, versus 46.1% and 46.4% for the oocytes vitrified using cryotops. After in vitro fertilization, 3.8% of the calf oocytes and 5.3% of the cow oocytes developed to the blastocyst stage. All blastocysts from vitrified oocytes resulted from the Cryotop method. A significantly lower percentage of the OPS-vitrified calf oocytes showed a normal spindle configuration (37.8%) compared to control fresh oocytes (69.9%), while normal spindle and chromosome configurations were observed in a significantly higher proportion of the cryotop-vitrified calf oocytes (60.2%). For the cow oocytes, 60.6% in the OPS group and 60.3% in the Cryotop group exhibited a normal morphology after warming. These findings suggest the cryotop system is a more efficient carrier for vitrification than OPS for the cryopreservation of bovine oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roser Morató
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Facultat de Veterinaria, Edifici V, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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150
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Tao T, Del Valle A. Human oocyte and ovarian tissue cryopreservation and its application. J Assist Reprod Genet 2008; 25:287-96. [PMID: 18670872 PMCID: PMC2596676 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-008-9236-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2008] [Accepted: 06/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To review the recent progress in human oocyte and ovarian tissue cryopreservation, and in the application of these two technologies for preserving female fertility of patients who are undergoing cancer treatment. DESIGN The literature on human oocyte and ovarian tissue freezing was searched with PubMed. The scientific background, current developments and potential future applications of these two methods were reviewed. RESULTS Chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy can induce premature ovarian failure in most of female cancer patients. Consequently, there has been a greater need for options to preserve the reproductive potential of these individuals. However, options are somewhat limited currently, particularly following aggressive chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy treatment protocols. In recent years, there have been considerable advances in the cryopreservation of human oocytes and ovarian tissue. For women facing upcoming cancer therapies, cryopreservation of ovarian tissue and oocytes is a technology that holds promise for banking reproductive potential for the future. Recent laboratory modifications have resulted in improved oocyte survival, oocyte fertilization, and pregnancy rates from frozen-thawed oocytes in IVF. This suggests potential for clinical application. CONCLUSIONS In the case of patients who are facing infertility due to cancer therapy, oocyte cryopreservation may be one of the few options available. Ovarian tissue cryopreservation can only be recommended as an experimental protocol in carefully selected patients. In ovarian tissue transplantation, more research is needed in order to enhance the revascularization process with the goal of reducing the follicular loss that takes place after tissue grafting. These technologies are still investigational, although tremendous progress has been made. The availability of such treatment will potentially lead to its demand not only from patients with cancer but also from healthy women who chose to postpone childbearing until later in life and therefore wish to retain their fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Tao
- The Toronto Institute For Reproductive Medicine, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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