101
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Mori G, Doniselli N, Faroldi F, Percudani R. Heme binding and peroxidase activity of a secreted minicatalase. FEBS Lett 2016; 590:4495-4506. [PMID: 27859138 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Microbial pathogens often require efficient and robust H2 O2 scavenger activities to survive in the presence of reactive oxygen species generated by inflammatory responses. In addition to catalases and peroxidases, enzymes known to scavenge H2 O2 , a novel class of secreted minicatalases is found in diderm bacteria. Here, we characterize the Helicobacter pylori (Hp) minicatalase: a monomeric hemoprotein with catalase core homology. Overexpression of Hp minicatalase rescued a catalase/peroxidase-deficient Escherichia coli phenotype under aerobic conditions and limited H2 O2 stress. The purified enzyme lacks catalase activity, but has strong (kcat > 100 s-1 ) H2 O2 -dependent peroxidase activity toward a variety of organic substrates. Our investigations into heme binding revealed that the heme cofactor is assembled in the periplasm to form the functional holoprotein. Furthermore, we observed the presence of a disulfide bond near the heme cavity of Hp minicatalase, which is conserved in secreted minicatalases and, therefore, may play a role in heme binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Mori
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Italy
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102
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Characterization of a novel manganese peroxidase from white-rot fungus Echinodontium taxodii 2538, and its use for the degradation of lignin-related compounds. Process Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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103
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Drozd M, Pietrzak M, Parzuchowski PG, Malinowska E. Pitfalls and capabilities of various hydrogen donors in evaluation of peroxidase-like activity of gold nanoparticles. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:8505-8513. [PMID: 27722941 PMCID: PMC5116317 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9976-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic nanomaterials, widely used as substitutes of peroxidase, exhibit unique properties, which are unattainable for native enzymes. However, their activity is usually examined by means of substrates developed and methods standardized for horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The aim of the presented work was to determine the scope of usefulness of chromogenic substrates for gold nanoparticle (AuNP) activity studies under conditions which significantly extend beyond the activity range of a native HRP. The applicability of chromogens such as 3,3′5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), o-phenylenediamine (OPD), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) beyond the typical range of pH, and for the samples of high concentration of hydrogen peroxide was examined. The conducted research confirmed the usefulness of ABTS and TMB in acidic media (pH 2.5–3.5). At the same time, potential interferences from chloride anion, unobservable for HRP-based assays, were indicated. Moreover, a number of potentially useful hints concerning relations of concentration of substrates and catalyst for aromatic amine oxidation (TMB and OPD) were proposed. By increasing the concentration of chromogens and thanks to assuring the relatively low conversion of the reaction, the stability of TMB and OPD oxidation product was improved even in acidic media. The comparative studies of H2O2 affinity to the surface of AuNPs in the presence of various hydrogen donors underlined the superiority of phenolic compounds over aromatic amines and ABTS in the case of the samples of relatively low H2O2 concentration. This work highlights some improvements in the methods of HRP-like activity characterization of NPs. It provides a critical analysis of the major challenges, which may emerge in a case of bioanalytical assays employing the catalytic nanoparticles as labels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Drozd
- Department of Microbioanalytics, Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz Pietrzak
- Department of Microbioanalytics, Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Paweł G Parzuchowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Malinowska
- Department of Microbioanalytics, Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland
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104
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Roberts JJ, Naudiyal P, Lim KS, Poole-Warren LA, Martens PJ. A comparative study of enzyme initiators for crosslinking phenol-functionalized hydrogels for cell encapsulation. Biomater Res 2016; 20:30. [PMID: 27713832 PMCID: PMC5050849 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-016-0077-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dityrosine crosslinking in proteins is a bioinspired method of forming hydrogels. This study compares oxidative enzyme initiators for their relative crosslinking efficiency and cytocompatibility using the same phenol group and the same material platform. Four common enzyme and enzyme-like oxidative initiators were probed for resulting material properties and cell viability post-encapsulation. RESULTS All four initiators can be used to form phenol-crosslinked hydrogels, however gelation rates are dependent on enzyme type, concentration, and the oxidant. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) or hematin with hydrogen peroxide led to a more rapid poly (vinyl alcohol)-tyramine (PVA-Tyr) polymerization (10-60 min) because a high oxidant concentration was dissolved within the macromer solution at the onset of crosslinking, whereas laccase and tyrosinase require oxygen diffusion to crosslink phenol residues and therefore took longer to gel (2.5+ hours). The use of hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant reduced cell viability immediately post-encapsulation. Laccase- and tyrosinase-mediated encapsulation of cells resulted in higher cell viability immediately post-encapsulation and significantly higher cell proliferation after one week of culture. CONCLUSIONS Overall this study demonstrates that HRP/H2O2, hematin/H2O2, laccase, and tyrosinase can create injectable, in situ phenol-crosslinked hydrogels, however oxidant type and concentration are critical parameters to assess when phenol crosslinking hydrogels for cell-based applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine J. Roberts
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Australia, Sydney, 2052 NSW Australia
| | - Pratibha Naudiyal
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Australia, Sydney, 2052 NSW Australia
| | - Khoon S. Lim
- Christchurch Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering (CReaTE) Group, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, 8011 New Zealand
| | - Laura A. Poole-Warren
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Australia, Sydney, 2052 NSW Australia
| | - Penny J. Martens
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Australia, Sydney, 2052 NSW Australia
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105
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Mohamed SA, Al-Ghamdi SS, El-Shishtawy RM. Immobilization of horseradish peroxidase on amidoximated acrylic polymer activated by cyanuric chloride. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 91:663-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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106
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Holtmann D, Hollmann F. The Oxygen Dilemma: A Severe Challenge for the Application of Monooxygenases? Chembiochem 2016; 17:1391-8. [PMID: 27194219 PMCID: PMC5096067 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Monooxygenases are promising catalysts because they in principle enable the organic chemist to perform highly selective oxyfunctionalisation reactions that are otherwise difficult to achieve. For this, monooxygenases require reducing equivalents, to allow reductive activation of molecular oxygen at the enzymes' active sites. However, these reducing equivalents are often delivered to O2 either directly or via a reduced intermediate (uncoupling), yielding hazardous reactive oxygen species and wasting valuable reducing equivalents. The oxygen dilemma arises from monooxygenases' dependency on O2 and the undesired uncoupling reaction. With this contribution we hope to generate a general awareness of the oxygen dilemma and to discuss its nature and some promising solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Holtmann
- DECHEMA Research Institute, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Frank Hollmann
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 136, 2628BL, Delft, The Netherlands.
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107
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Gribas AV, Zatsepin TS, Korolev SP, Gottikh MB, Sakharov IY. Suicide inactivation of covalent peroxidase-mimicking DNAzyme with hydrogen peroxide and its protection by a reductant substrate. Talanta 2016; 155:212-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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108
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Brummund J, Müller M, Schmitges T, Kaluzna I, Mink D, Hilterhaus L, Liese A. Process development for oxidations of hydrophobic compounds applying cytochrome P450 monooxygenases in-vitro. J Biotechnol 2016; 233:143-50. [PMID: 27396939 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases are a unique family of enzymes that are able to catalyze regio- and stereospecific oxidations for a broad substrate range. However, due to limited enzyme activities and stabilities, hydrophobicity of substrates, as well as the necessity of a continuous electron and oxygen supply the implementation of P450s for industrial processes remains challenging. Aim of this study was to point out key aspects for the development of an efficient synthesis concept for cytochrome P450 catalyzed oxidations. In order to regenerate the natural cofactor NADPH, a glucose dehydrogenase was applied. The low water soluble terpene α-ionone was used as substrate for the model reaction system. The studies reveal that an addition of surfactants in combination with low volumetric amounts of co-solvent can significantly increase substrate availability and reaction rates. Furthermore, these additives facilitated a reliable sampling procedure during the process. Another key factor for the process design was the oxygen supply. Based on various investigations, a bubble-aerated stirred tank reactor in batch mode represents a promising reactor concept for P450 oxidations. Main restriction of the investigated reaction system was the low process stability of the P450 monooxygenase, characterized by maximum total turnover numbers of ∼4100molα-ionone/molP450.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Brummund
- Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Denickestr. 15, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Monika Müller
- DSM Chemical Technology R&D B.V., Urmonderbaan 22, P.O. Box 18, 6160 MD Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Schmitges
- DSM Chemical Technology R&D B.V., Urmonderbaan 22, P.O. Box 18, 6160 MD Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Iwona Kaluzna
- DSM Chemical Technology R&D B.V., Urmonderbaan 22, P.O. Box 18, 6160 MD Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Mink
- DSM Chemical Technology R&D B.V., Urmonderbaan 22, P.O. Box 18, 6160 MD Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Lutz Hilterhaus
- Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Denickestr. 15, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Liese
- Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Denickestr. 15, 21073 Hamburg, Germany.
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109
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Kupryashina MA, Vetchinkina EP, Nikitina VE. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles with the participation of extracellular Mn-dependent peroxidase from Azospirillum. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683816040104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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110
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Abstract
An artificial peroxidase with thermal tolerance and high catalytic activity has been successfully prepared by mutagenesis of an electron transfer protein, cytochrome c552 from Thermus thermophilus. The mutant enzymes were rationally designed based on the general peroxidase mechanism and spectroscopic analyses of an active intermediate formed in the catalytic reaction. Stopped flow UV-vis spectroscopy and EPR spectroscopy with a rapid freezing sample technique revealed that the initial double mutant, V49D/M69A, which was designed to reproduce the peroxidase mechanism, formed an active oxo-ferryl heme intermediate with a protein radical predominantly localized on Tyr45 during the catalytic reaction. The magnetic power saturation measurement obtained from EPR studies showed little interaction between the oxo-ferryl heme and the tyrosyl radical. Kinetics studies indicated that the isolated oxo-ferryl heme component in the active intermediate was a possible cause of heme degradation during the reaction with H2O2. Strong interaction between the oxo-ferryl heme and the radical was achieved by replacing Tyr45 with tryptophan (resulting in the Y45W/V49D/M69A mutant), which was similar to a tryptophanyl radical found in active intermediates of some catalase-peroxidases. Compared to the protein radical intermediates of V49D/M69A mutant, those of the Y45W/V49D/M69A mutant showed higher reactivity to an organic substrate than to H2O2. The Y45W/V49D/M69A mutant exhibited improved peroxidase activity and thermal tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Watanabe
- Research Center of Materials Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - H Nakajima
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan.
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111
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Samuni U, Czapski G, Goldstein S. Nitroxide radicals as research tools: Elucidating the kinetics and mechanisms of catalase-like and "suicide inactivation" of metmyoglobin. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1860:1409-16. [PMID: 27062906 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metmyoglobin (MbFe(III)) reaction with H(2)O(2) has been a subject of study over many years. H(2)O(2) alone promotes heme destruction frequently denoted "suicide inactivation," yet the mechanism underlying H(2)O(2) dismutation associated with MbFe(III) inactivation remains obscure. METHODS MbFe(III) reaction with excess H(2)O(2) in the absence and presence of the nitroxide was studied at pH 5.3-8.1 and 25°C by direct determination of reaction rate constants using rapid-mixing stopped-flow technique, by following H(2)O(2) depletion, O(2) evolution, spectral changes of the heme protein, and the fate of the nitroxide by EPR spectroscopy. RESULTS The rates of both H(2)O(2) dismutation and heme inactivation processes depend on [MbFe(III)], [H(2)O(2)] and pH. Yet the inactivation stoichiometry is independent of these variables and each MbFe(III) molecule catalyzes the dismutation of 50±10 H(2)O(2) molecules until it is inactivated. The nitroxide catalytically enhances the catalase-like activity of MbFe(III) while protecting the heme against inactivation. The rate-determining step in the absence and presence of the nitroxide is the reduction of MbFe(IV)O by H(2)O(2) and by nitroxide, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The nitroxide effects on H(2)O(2) dismutation catalyzed by MbFe(III) demonstrate that MbFe(IV)O reduction by H(2)O(2) is the rate-determining step of this process. The proposed mechanism, which adequately fits the pro-catalytic and protective effects of the nitroxide, implies the intermediacy of a compound I-H(2)O(2) adduct, which decomposes to a MbFe(IV)O and an inactivated heme at a ratio of 25:1. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The effects of nitroxides are instrumental in elucidating the mechanism underlying the catalysis and inactivation routes of heme proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uri Samuni
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, NY 11367, USA
| | - Gideon Czapski
- The Accelerator Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Sara Goldstein
- The Accelerator Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
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112
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Bajwa AS, Sathaye S, Kulkarni VM, Patwardhan AV. Chemoenzymatic epoxidation of Karanja oil: an alternative to chemical epoxidation? ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.1979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arjun S. Bajwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology; Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg; Matunga Mumbai Maharashtra India 400019
| | - Sadhana Sathaye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology; Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg; Matunga Mumbai Maharashtra India 400019
| | - Vaishali M. Kulkarni
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg; Matunga Mumbai Maharashtra India 400019
| | - Anand V. Patwardhan
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg; Matunga Mumbai Maharashtra India 400019
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113
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Xenobiotic Compounds Degradation by Heterologous Expression of a Trametes sanguineus Laccase in Trichoderma atroviride. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147997. [PMID: 26849129 PMCID: PMC4743974 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal laccases are enzymes that have been studied because of their ability to decolorize and detoxify effluents; they are also used in paper bleaching, synthesis of polymers, bioremediation, etc. In this work we were able to express a laccase from Trametes (Pycnoporus) sanguineus in the filamentous fungus Trichoderma atroviride. For this purpose, a transformation vector was designed to integrate the gene of interest in an intergenic locus near the blu17 terminator region. Although monosporic selection was still necessary, stable integration at the desired locus was achieved. The native signal peptide from T. sanguineus laccase was successful to secrete the recombinant protein into the culture medium. The purified, heterologously expressed laccase maintained similar properties to those observed in the native enzyme (Km and kcat and kcat/km values for ABTS, thermostability, substrate range, pH optimum, etc). To determine the bioremediation potential of this modified strain, the laccase-overexpressing Trichoderma strain was used to remove xenobiotic compounds. Phenolic compounds present in industrial wastewater and bisphenol A (an endocrine disruptor) from the culture medium were more efficiently removed by this modified strain than with the wild type. In addition, the heterologously expressed laccase was able to decolorize different dyes as well as remove benzo[α]pyrene and phenanthrene in vitro, showing its potential for xenobiotic compound degradation.
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114
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Sánchez-Alejandro F, Juarez-Moreno K, Baratto MC, Basosi R, Vazquez-Duhalt R. Tryptophan-surface modification of versatile peroxidase from Bjerkandera adusta enhances its catalytic performance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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115
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Molina-Espeja P, Cañellas M, Plou FJ, Hofrichter M, Lucas F, Guallar V, Alcalde M. Synthesis of 1-Naphthol by a Natural Peroxygenase Engineered by Directed Evolution. Chembiochem 2016; 17:341-9. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201500493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Molina-Espeja
- Department of Biocatalysis; Institute of Catalysis; CSIC; C/Marie Curie n° 2L10 28049 Madrid Spain
| | | | - Francisco J. Plou
- Department of Biocatalysis; Institute of Catalysis; CSIC; C/Marie Curie n° 2L10 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Martin Hofrichter
- TU Dresden; International Institute Zittau; Department of Bio- and Environmental Sciences; Markt 23 02763 Zittau Germany
| | - Fatima Lucas
- Anaxomics Biotech; Balmes 89 08008 Barcelona Spain
- Joint BSC-CRG-IRB Research Program in Computational Biology; Barcelona Supercomputing Center; Jordi Girona 29 08034 Barcelona Spain
| | - Victor Guallar
- Joint BSC-CRG-IRB Research Program in Computational Biology; Barcelona Supercomputing Center; Jordi Girona 29 08034 Barcelona Spain
- ICREA: Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats; Passeig Lluís Companys 23 08010 Barcelona Spain
| | - Miguel Alcalde
- Department of Biocatalysis; Institute of Catalysis; CSIC; C/Marie Curie n° 2L10 28049 Madrid Spain
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116
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García-Guevara F, Avelar M, Ayala M, Segovia L. Computational Tools Applied to Enzyme Design − a review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/boca-2015-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe protein design toolbox has been greatly improved by the addition of enzyme computational simulations. Not only do they warrant a more ambitious and thorough exploration of sequence space, but a much higher number of variants and protein-ligand systems can be analyzed in silico compared to experimental engineering methods. Modern computational tools are being used to redesign and also for de novo generation of enzymes. These approaches are contingent on a deep understanding of the reaction mechanism and the enzyme’s three-dimensional structure coordinates, but the wealth of information produced by these analyses leads to greatly improved or even totally new types of catalysis.
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117
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Frey R, Hayashi T, Hilvert D. Enzyme-mediated polymerization inside engineered protein cages. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:10423-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc05301g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Engineered variants of the capsid-forming enzyme lumazine synthase, AaLS, were used as nanoreactors for an enzyme-mediated polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Frey
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry
- ETH Zürich
- 8093 Zürich
- Switzerland
| | | | - Donald Hilvert
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry
- ETH Zürich
- 8093 Zürich
- Switzerland
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118
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Borges CD, Mendonça CRB, Nogueira D, Hartwig ES, Rutz JK. Conservation of minimally processed apples using edible coatings made of turnip extract and xanthan gum. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF FOOD TECHNOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1981-6723.3815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Summary The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of turnip extract and xanthan gum in the conservation of minimally processed apples. The apples were washed, sanitized with sodium hypochlorite (200 ppm) for 15 minutes, peeled, and cut into eight pieces prior to being subjected to one of the following treatments in aqueous solution: A – water (control); B – turnip extract; C – turnip extract and CaCl2; D – xanthan gum, CaCl2 and glycerol; E – turnip extract, xanthan gum, CaCl2, and glycerol. Subsequently, the freshly cut apples were dried under ventilation on nylon screens to ensure drying of the coatings, and then packed in polystyrene trays, covered with polyvinylchloride films and stored at 4 ± 1 ° C for 13 days. The following parameters were evaluated: mass loss, firmness, colouration, pH value, soluble solids, and peroxidase/polyphenoloxidase activities. The edible coatings were found to be ineffective with respect to controlling mass loss, but the minimally processed apples coated with turnip extract maintained their initial levels of colouration, firmness and pH value. A considerable increase in peroxidase activity was registered for apples treated with turnip extract, suggesting that this effect may also be responsible for the reduction in browning. No advantage could be observed for the simultaneous presence of turnip extract and xanthan gum or calcium chloride. The turnip extract may represent an interesting alternative for applications to minimally processed apples, especially as it is a natural product, easily obtained, cost effective and contributes to the nutritional quality (e.g. as a source of calcium ions).
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119
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FRANKO M, LIU M, BOŠKIN A, DELNERI A, PROSKURNIN MA. Fast Screening Techniques for Neurotoxigenic Substances and Other Toxicants and Pollutants Based on Thermal Lensing and Microfluidic Chips. ANAL SCI 2016; 32:23-30. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.32.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mladen FRANKO
- University of Nova Gorica, Laboratory for Environmental Research
| | - Mingqiang LIU
- University of Nova Gorica, Laboratory for Environmental Research
| | - Aleš BOŠKIN
- University of Nova Gorica, Laboratory for Environmental Research
| | - Ambra DELNERI
- University of Nova Gorica, Laboratory for Environmental Research
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120
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Drozd M, Pietrzak M, Parzuchowski P, Mazurkiewicz-Pawlicka M, Malinowska E. Peroxidase-like activity of gold nanoparticles stabilized by hyperbranched polyglycidol derivatives over a wide pH range. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 26:495101. [PMID: 26567596 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/26/49/495101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to carry out comparative studies on the peroxidase-like activity of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) stabilized with low molecular weight hyperbranched polyglycidol (HBPG-OH) and its derivative modified with maleic acid residues (HBPG-COOH). The influence of the stabilizer to gold precursor ratio on the size and morphology of nanoparticles obtained was checked, and prepared nanoparticles were characterized by means of transmission electron microscopy and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The results indicated the divergent effect of increasing the concentration of stabilizers (HBPG-OH or HBPG-COOH) on the size of the nanostructures obtained. The gold nanoparticles obtained were characterized as having intrinsic peroxidase-like activity and the mechanism of catalysis in acidic and alkaline mediums was consistent with the standard Michaelis-Menten kinetics, revealing a strong affinity of AuNPs with 2, 2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 3, 3', 5, 5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), and significantly lower affinity towards phenol. By comparing the kinetic parameters, a negligible effect of polymeric ligand charge on activity against various types of substrates (anionic or cationic) was indicated. The superiority of steric stabilization via the application of tested low-weight hyperbranched polymers over typical stabilizers in preventing salt-induced aggregation and maintaining high catalytic activity in time was proved. The applied hyperbranched stabilizers provide a good tool for manufacturing gold-based nanozymes, which are highly stable and active over a wide pH range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Drozd
- Department of Microbioanalytics, Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
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121
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Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenases in Biomass Conversion. Trends Biotechnol 2015; 33:747-761. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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122
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Mirazizi F, Bahrami A, Haghbeen K, Shahbani Zahiri H, Bakavoli M, Legge RL. Rapid and direct spectrophotometric method for kinetics studies and routine assay of peroxidase based on aniline diazo substrates. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2015; 31:1162-9. [PMID: 26526616 DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2015.1103234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxidases are ubiquitous enzymes that play an important role in living organisms. Current spectrophotometrically based peroxidase assay methods are based on the production of chromophoric substances at the end of the enzymatic reaction. The ambiguity regarding the formation and identity of the final chromophoric product and its possible reactions with other molecules have raised concerns about the accuracy of these methods. This can be of serious concern in inhibition studies. A novel spectrophotometric assay for peroxidase, based on direct measurement of a soluble aniline diazo substrate, is introduced. In addition to the routine assays, this method can be used in comprehensive kinetics studies. 4-[(4-Sulfophenyl)azo]aniline (λmax = 390 nm, ɛ = 32 880 M(-1) cm(-1) at pH 4.5 to 9) was introduced for routine assay of peroxidase. This compound is commercially available and is indexed as a food dye. Using this method, a detection limit of 0.05 nmol mL(-1) was achieved for peroxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mirazizi
- a Department of Chemistry , Islamic Azad University of Mashhad , Mashhad , The Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Azita Bahrami
- b National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology , Tehran , The Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Kamahldin Haghbeen
- c Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology , Tehran , The Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Hossein Shahbani Zahiri
- d National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology , Tehran , The Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mehdi Bakavoli
- e Department of Chemistry , Ferdowsi University of Mashhad , Mashhad , The Islamic Republic of Iran , and
| | - Raymond L Legge
- f Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Ontario , Canada
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123
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Galende PP, Cuadrado NH, Kostetsky EY, Roig MG, Kennedy JF, Shnyrov VL. Mechanism-based suicide inactivation of white Spanish broom (Cytisus multiflorus) peroxidase by excess hydrogen peroxide. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 81:975-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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124
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Molinas MF, Benavides L, Castro MA, Murgida DH. Stability, redox parameters and electrocatalytic activity of a cytochrome domain from a new subfamily. Bioelectrochemistry 2015; 105:25-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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125
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Yang F, Wang Z, Zhang X, Jiang L, Li Y, Wang L. A Green Chemoenzymatic Process for the Synthesis of Azoxybenzenes. ChemCatChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201500720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fengjuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education; School of Life Sciences; Jilin University; 2699 Qianjin street Changchun P.R. China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education; School of Life Sciences; Jilin University; 2699 Qianjin street Changchun P.R. China
| | - Xiaowen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education; School of Life Sciences; Jilin University; 2699 Qianjin street Changchun P.R. China
| | - Liyan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education; School of Life Sciences; Jilin University; 2699 Qianjin street Changchun P.R. China
| | - Yazhuo Li
- College of food science and Engineering; Jilin University; 2699 Qianjin street Changchun P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education; School of Life Sciences; Jilin University; 2699 Qianjin street Changchun P.R. China
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126
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Antioxidant Capacity of Poly(Ethylene Glycol) (PEG) as Protection Mechanism Against Hydrogen Peroxide Inactivation of Peroxidases. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 177:1364-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1820-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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127
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Biocatalytic Performance of Chloroperoxidase from Caldariomyces fumago Immobilized onto TiO2 Based Supports. Top Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-015-0438-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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128
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Qu R, Shen L, Qu A, Wang R, An Y, Shi L. Artificial Peroxidase/Oxidase Multiple Enzyme System Based on Supramolecular Hydrogel and Its Application as a Biocatalyst for Cascade Reactions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:16694-16705. [PMID: 26173996 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b04398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by delicate structures and multiple functions of natural multiple enzyme architectures such as peroxisomes, we constructed an artificial multiple enzyme system by coencapsulation of glucose oxidases (GOx) and artificial peroxidases in a supramolecular hydrogel. The artificial peroxidase was a functional complex micelle, which was prepared by the self-assembly of diblock copolymer and hemin. Compared with catalase or horseradish peroxidase (HRP), the functional micelle exhibited comparable activity and better stability, which provided more advantages in constructing a multienzyme with a proper oxidase. The hydrogel containing the two catalytic centers was further used as a catalyst for green oxidation of glucose, which was a typical cascade reaction. Glucose was oxidized by oxygen (O2) via the GOx-mediated reaction, producing toxic intermediate hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The produced H2O2 further oxidized peroxidase substrates catalyzed by hemin-micelles. By regulating the diffusion modes of the enzymes and substrates, the artificial multienzyme based on hydrogel could successfully activate the cascade reaction, which the soluble enzyme mixture could not achieve. The hydrogel, just like a protective covering, protected oxidases and micelles from inactivation via toxic intermediates and environmental changes. The artificial multienzyme could efficiently achieve the oxidation task along with effectively eliminating the toxic intermediates. In this way, this system possesses great potentials for glucose detection and green oxidation of a series of substrates related to biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Liangliang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Aoting Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Ruolin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yingli An
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Linqi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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Holtmann D, Fraaije MW, Arends IWCE, Opperman DJ, Hollmann F. The taming of oxygen: biocatalytic oxyfunctionalisations. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 50:13180-200. [PMID: 24902635 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc49747j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The scope and limitations of oxygenases as catalysts for preparative organic synthesis is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Holtmann
- DECHEMA Research Institute, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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130
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Enhancement of operational stability of chloroperoxidase from Caldariomyces fumago by immobilization onto mesoporous supports and the use of co-solvents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2015.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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131
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Cruz JC, García J, Ayala M. Enzymatic oxidation of volatile malodorous organosulfur compounds in a two-phase reactor. TIP REVISTA ESPECIALIZADA EN CIENCIAS QUÍMICO-BIOLÓGICAS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recqb.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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132
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Córdoba A, Alasino N, Asteasuain M, Magario I, Ferreira M. Mechanistic evaluation of hematin action as a horseradish peroxidase biomimetic on the 4-aminoantipyrine/phenol oxidation reaction. Chem Eng Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2015.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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133
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Jiang S, Penner MH. Selective oxidation of enzyme extracts for improved quantification of peroxidase activity. Anal Biochem 2015; 476:20-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2015.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Revised: 01/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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134
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Sáez-Jiménez V, Acebes S, Guallar V, Martínez AT, Ruiz-Dueñas FJ. Improving the oxidative stability of a high redox potential fungal peroxidase by rational design. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124750. [PMID: 25923713 PMCID: PMC4414599 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ligninolytic peroxidases are enzymes of biotechnological interest due to their ability to oxidize high redox potential aromatic compounds, including the recalcitrant lignin polymer. However, different obstacles prevent their use in industrial and environmental applications, including low stability towards their natural oxidizing-substrate H2O2. In this work, versatile peroxidase was taken as a model ligninolytic peroxidase, its oxidative inactivation by H2O2 was studied and different strategies were evaluated with the aim of improving H2O2 stability. Oxidation of the methionine residues was produced during enzyme inactivation by H2O2 excess. Substitution of these residues, located near the heme cofactor and the catalytic tryptophan, rendered a variant with a 7.8-fold decreased oxidative inactivation rate. A second strategy consisted in mutating two residues (Thr45 and Ile103) near the catalytic distal histidine with the aim of modifying the reactivity of the enzyme with H2O2. The T45A/I103T variant showed a 2.9-fold slower reaction rate with H2O2 and 2.8-fold enhanced oxidative stability. Finally, both strategies were combined in the T45A/I103T/M152F/M262F/M265L variant, whose stability in the presence of H2O2 was improved 11.7-fold. This variant showed an increased half-life, over 30 min compared with 3.4 min of the native enzyme, under an excess of 2000 equivalents of H2O2. Interestingly, the stability improvement achieved was related with slower formation, subsequent stabilization and slower bleaching of the enzyme Compound III, a peroxidase intermediate that is not part of the catalytic cycle and leads to the inactivation of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Sáez-Jiménez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Acebes
- Joint Barcelona Supercomputing Center—Centre for Genomic Regulation, Institute for Research in Biomedicine Research Program in Computational Biology, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victor Guallar
- Joint Barcelona Supercomputing Center—Centre for Genomic Regulation, Institute for Research in Biomedicine Research Program in Computational Biology, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angel T. Martínez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Ruiz-Dueñas
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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135
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A dye-decolorizing peroxidase from Bacillus subtilis exhibiting substrate-dependent optimum temperature for dyes and β-ether lignin dimer. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8245. [PMID: 25650125 PMCID: PMC4316163 DOI: 10.1038/srep08245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the biorefinery using lignocellulosic biomass as feedstock, pretreatment to breakdown or loosen lignin is important step and various approaches have been conducted. For biological pretreatment, we screened Bacillus subtilis KCTC2023 as a potential lignin-degrading bacterium based on veratryl alcohol (VA) oxidation test and the putative heme-containing dye-decolorizing peroxidase was found in the genome of B. subtilis KCTC2023. The peroxidase from B. subtilis KCTC2023 (BsDyP) was capable of oxidizing various substrates and atypically exhibits substrate-dependent optimum temperature: 30°C for dyes (Reactive Blue19 and Reactive Black5) and 50°C for high redox potential substrates (2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid [ABTS], VA, and veratryl glycerol-β-guaiacyl ether [VGE]) over +1.0 V vs. normal hydrogen electrode. At 50°C, optimum temperature for high redox potential substrates, BsDyP not only showed the highest VA oxidation activity (0.13 Umg−1) among the previously reported bacterial peroxidases but also successfully achieved VGE decomposition by cleaving Cα-Cβ bond in the absence of any oxidative mediator with a specific activity of 0.086 Umg−1 and a conversion rate of 53.5%. Based on our results, BsDyP was identified as the first bacterial peroxidase capable of oxidizing high redox potential lignin-related model compounds, especially VGE, revealing a previously unknown versatility of lignin degrading biocatalyst in nature.
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136
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Duan P, Cai F, Luo Y, Chen Y, Zou S. Long-term chemiluminescence signal is produced in the course of luminol oxidation catalyzed by enhancer-independent peroxidase purified fromJatropha curcasleaves. LUMINESCENCE 2014; 30:818-22. [PMID: 25511847 DOI: 10.1002/bio.2825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2014] [Revised: 10/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Feng Cai
- Chengdu Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd.; Chengdu 610021 China
| | - Yongting Luo
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceutical, CAS-University of Tokyo Joint Laboratory of Structural Virology and Immunology, Institute of Biophysics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 15 Datun Road Beijing 100101 China
| | - Yangxi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Shujuan Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 China
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137
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Antitumor efficacy of tangeretin by targeting the oxidative stress mediated on 7,12-dimethylbenz(a) anthracene-induced proliferative breast cancer in Sprague-Dawley rats. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2014; 75:263-72. [PMID: 25431347 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-014-2629-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to assess the chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic efficacy of tangeretin on DMBA-induced oxidative stress in breast cancer-bearing Sprague-Dawley rats. METHODS In this study, the experimental animals were divided into five groups of six animals each. Group I was control, Group II was DMBA-induced breast cancer-bearing rats, Group III was tangeretin pre-treated (50 mg/kg body weight for 30 days orally) breast cancer-bearing animals, Group IV was tangeretin post-treated (50 mg/kg body weight for 30 days orally) and Group V was tangeretin (50 mg/kg body weight) alone treated animals. RESULTS We have observed the general characteristics of cancer, oxidative stress markers, breast cancer marker, antioxidants and histopathological changes in the experimental animals. We have recorded the body weight, tumor weights, tumor volume and antitumor activity of tangeretin in the experimental animals. Oxidative stress markers, like NO and LPO, and breast cancer marker CEA levels were significantly (p < 0.001, p < 0.05) increased as well as the antioxidants like SOD, CAT, GPx, GST, GSH, ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol were found to be significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in cancer-bearing Group II animals. Whereas, the enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidant levels were found to be significantly decreased in cancer-bearing animals. However, in tangeretin pre-treated and post- treated animals, the levels of antioxidants and breast cancer marker were found to be significantly (p < 0.05) reduced with a concomitant increase in the activities of the antioxidants (p < 0.05). In tangeretin alone treated Group V animals, no significant changes were observed in the levels of antioxidants and breast cancer marker. These results were adequately supported by the histopathological studies in the mammary tissues of the experimental animals. CONCLUSION From this study, we conclude that the administration of tangeretin was found to be beneficial against DMBA-induced oxidative stress in breast cancer-bearing animals. Hence, we strongly suggest that tangeretin is effective and efficient candidate for the treatment of experimental breast cancer.
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138
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Nousiainen P, Kontro J, Manner H, Hatakka A, Sipilä J. Phenolic mediators enhance the manganese peroxidase catalyzed oxidation of recalcitrant lignin model compounds and synthetic lignin. Fungal Genet Biol 2014; 72:137-149. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2014.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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139
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Pham LTM, Kim SJ, Ahn US, Choi JW, Song BK, Kim YH. Extension of polyphenolics by CWPO-C peroxidase mutant containing radical-robust surface active site. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 172:792-805. [PMID: 24122664 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0534-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Expressed as insoluble forms in Escherichia coli, native cationic cell wall peroxidase (CWPO-C) from the poplar tree and mutant variants were successfully reactivated via refolding experiments and used to elucidate the previously presumed existence of an electron transfer (ET) pathway in the CWPO-C structure. Their catalytic properties were fully characterized through various analyses including steady-state kinetic, direct oxidation of lignin macromolecules and their respective stabilities during the polymerization reactions. The analysis results proved that the 74th residue on the CWPO-C surface plays an important role in catalyzing the macromolecules via supposed ET mechanism. By comparing the residual activities of wild-type CWPO-C and mutant 74W CWPO-C after 3 min, mutation of tyrosine 74 residue to tryptophan increased the radical resistance of peroxidase up to ten times dramatically while maintaining its capability to oxidize lignin macromolecules. Furthermore, extension of poly(catechin) as well as lignin macromolecules with CWPO-C Y74W mutant clearly showed that this radical-resistant peroxidase mutant can increase the molecular weight of various kinds of polyphenolics by using surface-located active site. The anti-oxidation activity of the synthesized poly(catechin) was confirmed by xanthine oxidase assay. The elucidation of a uniquely catalytic mechanism in CWPO-C may improve the applicability of the peroxidase/H2O2 catalyst to green polymer chemistry.
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140
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Gonzalez-Perez D, Garcia-Ruiz E, Ruiz-Dueñas FJ, Martinez AT, Alcalde M. Structural Determinants of Oxidative Stabilization in an Evolved Versatile Peroxidase. ACS Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/cs501218v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Gonzalez-Perez
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis, CSIC, Marie Curie 2, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Garcia-Ruiz
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | | | - Angel T. Martinez
- Biological Research Centre, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Alcalde
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis, CSIC, Marie Curie 2, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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141
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Paul CE, Churakova E, Maurits E, Girhard M, Urlacher VB, Hollmann F. In situ formation of H2O2 for P450 peroxygenases. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:5692-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.05.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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142
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Capdevila DA, Marmisollé WA, Tomasina F, Demicheli V, Portela M, Radi R, Murgida DH. Specific methionine oxidation of cytochrome c in complexes with zwitterionic lipids by hydrogen peroxide: potential implications for apoptosis. Chem Sci 2014; 6:705-713. [PMID: 30154994 PMCID: PMC6085654 DOI: 10.1039/c4sc02181a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The rise of H2O2 concentration that characterizes the initiation of apoptosis can specifically oxidize Met80 in cytochrome c bound to zwitterionic phospholipids, yielding a stable peroxidase.
Cytochrome c (Cyt-c) has been previously shown to participate in cardiolipin (CL) oxidation and, therefore, in mitochondrial membrane permeabilization during the early events of apoptosis. The gain in this function has been ascribed to specific CL/Cyt-c interactions. Here we report that the cationic protein Cyt-c is also able to interact electrostatically with the main lipid components of the mitochondrial membranes, the zwitterionic lipids phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), through the mediation of phosphate anions that bind specifically to amino groups in the surfaces of protein and model membranes. In these complexes, Cyt-c reacts efficiently with H2O2 at submillimolar levels, which oxidizes the sulfur atom of the axial ligand Met80. The modified protein is stable and presents significantly enhanced peroxidatic activity. Based on these results, we postulate that the rise of H2O2 concentrations to the submillimolar levels registered during initiation of the apoptotic program may represent one signaling event that triggers the gain in peroxidatic function of the Cyt-c molecules bound to the abundant PE and PC membrane components. As the activated protein is a chemically stable species, it can potentially bind and oxidize important targets, such as CL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiana A Capdevila
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica , Analítica y Química Física and INQUIMAE (CONICET-UBA) , Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales , Universidad de Buenos Aires , Ciudad Universitaria , Pab. 2, piso 1 , C1428EHA-Buenos Aires , Argentina .
| | - Waldemar A Marmisollé
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica , Analítica y Química Física and INQUIMAE (CONICET-UBA) , Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales , Universidad de Buenos Aires , Ciudad Universitaria , Pab. 2, piso 1 , C1428EHA-Buenos Aires , Argentina .
| | - Florencia Tomasina
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research , Facultad de Medicina , Universidad de la República , Montevideo , Uruguay
| | - Verónica Demicheli
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research , Facultad de Medicina , Universidad de la República , Montevideo , Uruguay
| | - Magdalena Portela
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Proteómica Analíticas , Institut Pasteur de Montevideo , Montevideo , Uruguay
| | - Rafael Radi
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research , Facultad de Medicina , Universidad de la República , Montevideo , Uruguay
| | - Daniel H Murgida
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica , Analítica y Química Física and INQUIMAE (CONICET-UBA) , Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales , Universidad de Buenos Aires , Ciudad Universitaria , Pab. 2, piso 1 , C1428EHA-Buenos Aires , Argentina .
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143
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Batista-García RA, Balcázar-López E, Miranda-Miranda E, Sánchez-Reyes A, Cuervo-Soto L, Aceves-Zamudio D, Atriztán-Hernández K, Morales-Herrera C, Rodríguez-Hernández R, Folch-Mallol J. Characterization of lignocellulolytic activities from a moderate halophile strain of Aspergillus caesiellus isolated from a sugarcane bagasse fermentation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105893. [PMID: 25162614 PMCID: PMC4146556 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A moderate halophile and thermotolerant fungal strain was isolated from a sugarcane bagasse fermentation in the presence of 2 M NaCl that was set in the laboratory. This strain was identified by polyphasic criteria as Aspergillus caesiellus. The fungus showed an optimal growth rate in media containing 1 M NaCl at 28°C and could grow in media added with up to 2 M NaCl. This strain was able to grow at 37 and 42°C, with or without NaCl. A. caesiellus H1 produced cellulases, xylanases, manganese peroxidase (MnP) and esterases. No laccase activity was detected in the conditions we tested. The cellulase activity was thermostable, halostable, and no differential expression of cellulases was observed in media with different salt concentrations. However, differential band patterns for cellulase and xylanase activities were detected in zymograms when the fungus was grown in different lignocellulosic substrates such as wheat straw, maize stover, agave fibres, sugarcane bagasse and sawdust. Optimal temperature and pH were similar to other cellulases previously described. These results support the potential of this fungus to degrade lignocellulosic materials and its possible use in biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Alberto Batista-García
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Edgar Balcázar-López
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Estefan Miranda-Miranda
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Parasitología Veterinaria, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Ayixón Sánchez-Reyes
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Laura Cuervo-Soto
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Denise Aceves-Zamudio
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Karina Atriztán-Hernández
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Catalina Morales-Herrera
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Rocío Rodríguez-Hernández
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Jorge Folch-Mallol
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
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144
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Sahare P, Ayala M, Vazquez-Duhalt R, Agrawal V. Immobilization of peroxidase enzyme onto the porous silicon structure for enhancing its activity and stability. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2014; 9:409. [PMID: 25221454 PMCID: PMC4151278 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-9-409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a commercial peroxidase was immobilized onto porous silicon (PS) support functionalized with 3-aminopropyldiethoxysilane (APDES) and the performance of the obtained catalytic microreactor was studied. The immobilization steps were monitored and the activity of the immobilized enzyme in the PS pores was spectrophotometrically determined. The enzyme immobilization in porous silicon has demonstrated its potential as highly efficient enzymatic reactor. The effect of a polar organic solvent (acetonitrile) and the temperature (up to 50°C) on the activity and stability of the biocatalytic microreactor were studied. After 2-h incubation in organic solvent, the microreactor retained 80% of its initial activity in contrast to the system with free soluble peroxidase that lost 95% of its activity in the same period of time. Peroxidase immobilized into the spaces of the porous silicon support would be perspective for applications in treatments for environmental security such as removal of leached dye in textile industry or in treatment of different industrial effluents. The system can be also applied in the field of biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padmavati Sahare
- Centro de Investigacion en Ingenieria y Ciencias Aplicadas, UAEM, Av.
Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, México
| | - Marcela Ayala
- Instituto de Biotecnología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de
México, Av. Universidad 2001, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62250,
México
| | - Rafael Vazquez-Duhalt
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional
Autónoma de México, Km 107 Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada, Apdo Postal
14, CP. 22800 Ensenada, B.C., México
| | - Vivechana Agrawal
- Centro de Investigacion en Ingenieria y Ciencias Aplicadas, UAEM, Av.
Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, México
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145
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Zhang Y, Dong A, Wang Q, Fan X, Cavaco-Paulo A, Zhang Y. Conductive cotton prepared by polyaniline in situ polymerization using laccase. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 174:820-31. [PMID: 25099374 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1094-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The high-redox-potential catalyst laccase, isolated from Aspergillus, was first used as a biocatalyst in the oxidative polymerization of water-soluble conductive polyaniline, and then conductive cotton was prepared by in situ polymerization under the same conditions. The polymerization of aniline was performed in a water dispersion of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) micellar solution with atmospheric oxygen serving as the oxidizing agent. This method is ecologically clean and permits a greater degree of control over the kinetics of the reaction. The conditions for polyaniline synthesis were optimized. Characterizations of the conducting polyaniline and cotton were carried out using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-vis spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, the fabric induction electrostatic tester, and the far-field EMC shielding effectiveness test fixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
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146
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Zucca P, Rescigno A, Rinaldi AC, Sanjust E. Biomimetic metalloporphines and metalloporphyrins as potential tools for delignification: Molecular mechanisms and application perspectives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2013.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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147
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Gonzalez-Perez D, Molina-Espeja P, Garcia-Ruiz E, Alcalde M. Mutagenic Organized Recombination Process by Homologous IN vivo Grouping (MORPHING) for directed enzyme evolution. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90919. [PMID: 24614282 PMCID: PMC3948698 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Approaches that depend on directed evolution require reliable methods to generate DNA diversity so that mutant libraries can focus on specific target regions. We took advantage of the high frequency of homologous DNA recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to develop a strategy for domain mutagenesis aimed at introducing and in vivo recombining random mutations in defined segments of DNA. Mutagenic Organized Recombination Process by Homologous IN vivo Grouping (MORPHING) is a one-pot random mutagenic method for short protein regions that harnesses the in vivo recombination apparatus of yeast. Using this approach, libraries can be prepared with different mutational loads in DNA segments of less than 30 amino acids so that they can be assembled into the remaining unaltered DNA regions in vivo with high fidelity. As a proof of concept, we present two eukaryotic-ligninolytic enzyme case studies: i) the enhancement of the oxidative stability of a H2O2-sensitive versatile peroxidase by independent evolution of three distinct protein segments (Leu28-Gly57, Leu149-Ala174 and Ile199-Leu268); and ii) the heterologous functional expression of an unspecific peroxygenase by exclusive evolution of its native 43-residue signal sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Gonzalez-Perez
- Departmento de Biocatálisis, Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Molina-Espeja
- Departmento de Biocatálisis, Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Garcia-Ruiz
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Miguel Alcalde
- Departmento de Biocatálisis, Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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148
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Schrewe M, Julsing MK, Bühler B, Schmid A. Whole-cell biocatalysis for selective and productive C-O functional group introduction and modification. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 42:6346-77. [PMID: 23475180 DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60011d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
During the last decades, biocatalysis became of increasing importance for chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Regarding regio- and stereospecificity, enzymes have shown to be superior compared to traditional chemical synthesis approaches, especially in C-O functional group chemistry. Catalysts established on a process level are diverse and can be classified along a functional continuum starting with single-step biotransformations using isolated enzymes or microbial strains towards fermentative processes with recombinant microorganisms containing artificial synthetic pathways. The complex organization of respective enzymes combined with aspects such as cofactor dependency and low stability in isolated form often favors the use of whole cells over that of isolated enzymes. Based on an inventory of the large spectrum of biocatalytic C-O functional group chemistry, this review focuses on highlighting the potentials, limitations, and solutions offered by the application of self-regenerating microbial cells as biocatalysts. Different cellular functionalities are discussed in the light of their (possible) contribution to catalyst efficiency. The combined achievements in the areas of protein, genetic, metabolic, and reaction engineering enable the development of whole-cell biocatalysts as powerful tools in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Schrewe
- Laboratory of Chemical Biotechnology, Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Strasse 66, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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149
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Bao X, Huang X, Lu X, Li JJ. Improvement of hydrogen peroxide stability of Pleurotus eryngii versatile ligninolytic peroxidase by rational protein engineering. Enzyme Microb Technol 2014; 54:51-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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150
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Sattayasamitsathit S, Kaufmann K, Galarnyk M, Vazquez-Duhalt R, Wang J. Dual-enzyme natural motors incorporating decontamination and propulsion capabilities. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra04341c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-propelled dual-enzyme natural motors display attractive decontamination and propulsion capabilities. The movement of the biocatalytic tissue motors through the contaminated sample leads to a greatly improved remediation efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kevin Kaufmann
- Department of Nanoengineering
- University of California San Diego
- La Jolla, USA
| | - Michael Galarnyk
- Department of Nanoengineering
- University of California San Diego
- La Jolla, USA
| | | | - Joseph Wang
- Department of Nanoengineering
- University of California San Diego
- La Jolla, USA
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