101
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Weber JE, Hasanayn F, Fataftah M, Mercado BQ, Crabtree RH, Holland PL. Electronic and Spin-State Effects on Dinitrogen Splitting to Nitrides in a Rhenium Pincer System. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:6115-6124. [PMID: 33847125 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bimetallic nitrogen (N2) splitting to form metal nitrides is an attractive method for N2 fixation. Although a growing number of pincer-supported systems can bind and split N2, the precise relationship between the ligand properties and N2 binding/splitting remains elusive. Here we report the first example of an N2-bridged rhenium(III) complex, [(trans-P2tBuPyrr)ReCl2]2(μ-η1:η1-N2) (P2tBuPyrr = [2,5-(CH2PtBu2)2C4H2N]-). In this case, N2 binding occurs at a higher oxidation level than that in other reported pincer analogues. Analysis of the electronic structure through computational studies shows that the weakly π-donor pincer ligand stabilizes an open-shell electronic configuration that leads to enhanced binding of N2 in the bridged complex. Utilizing SQUID magnetometry, we demonstrate a singlet ground state for this Re-N-N-Re complex, and we offer tentative explanations for antiferromagnetic coupling of the two local S = 1 sites. Reduction and subsequent heating of the rhenium(III)-dinitrogen complex leads to chloride loss and cleavage of the N-N bond with isolation of the terminal rhenium(V) nitride complex (P2tBuPyrr)ReNCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy E Weber
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Faraj Hasanayn
- Department of Chemistry, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Majed Fataftah
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Brandon Q Mercado
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Robert H Crabtree
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Patrick L Holland
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
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102
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Tanabe Y, Nishibayashi Y. Comprehensive insights into synthetic nitrogen fixation assisted by molecular catalysts under ambient or mild conditions. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:5201-5242. [PMID: 33651046 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01341b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
N2 is fixed as NH3 industrially by the Haber-Bosch process under harsh conditions, whereas biological nitrogen fixation is achieved under ambient conditions, which has prompted development of alternative methods to fix N2 catalyzed by transition metal molecular complexes. Since the early 21st century, catalytic conversion of N2 into NH3 under ambient conditions has been achieved by using molecular catalysts, and now H2O has been utilized as a proton source with turnover frequencies reaching the values found for biological nitrogen fixation. In this review, recent advances in the development of molecular catalysts for synthetic N2 fixation under ambient or mild conditions are summarized, and potential directions for future research are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Tanabe
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Yoshiaki Nishibayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
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103
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Eaton MC, Catalano VJ, Shearer J, Murray LJ. Dinitrogen Insertion and Cleavage by a Metal-Metal Bonded Tricobalt(I) Cluster. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:5649-5653. [PMID: 33830763 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c01840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Reduction of a tricobalt(II) tri(bromide) cluster supported by a tris(β-diketiminate) cyclophane results in halide loss, ligand compression, and metal-metal bond formation to yield a 48-electron CoI3 cluster, Co3LEt/Me (2). Upon reaction of 2 with dinitrogen, all metal-metal bonds are broken, steric conflicts are relaxed, and dinitrogen is incorporated within the internal cavity to yield a formally (μ3-η1:η2:η1-dinitrogen)tricobalt(I) complex, 3. Broken symmetry DFT calculations (PBE0/def2-tzvp/D3) support an N-N bond order of 2.1 in the bound N2 with the calculated N-N stretching frequency (1743 cm-1) comparable to the experimental value (1752 cm-1). Reduction of 3 under Ar in the presence of Me3SiBr results in N2 scission with tris(trimethylsilyl)amine afforded in good yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary C Eaton
- Center for Catalysis and Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Vincent J Catalano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, United States
| | - Jason Shearer
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity University, San Antonio, Texas 78212, United States
| | - Leslie J Murray
- Center for Catalysis and Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
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104
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Specklin D, Coffinet A, Vendier L, del Rosal I, Dinoi C, Simonneau A. Synthesis, Characterization, and Comparative Theoretical Investigation of Dinitrogen-Bridged Group 6-Gold Heterobimetallic Complexes. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:5545-5562. [PMID: 33724789 PMCID: PMC8058778 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
We have prepared and characterized a series of unprecedented group 6-group 11, N2-bridged, heterobimetallic [ML4(η1-N2)(μ-η1:η1-N2)Au(NHC)]+ complexes (M = Mo, W, L2 = diphosphine) by treatment of trans-[ML4(N2)2] with a cationic gold(I) complex [Au(NHC)]+. The adducts are very labile in solution and in the solid, especially in the case of molybdenum, and decomposition pathways are likely initiated by electron transfers from the zerovalent group 6 atom to gold. Spectroscopic and structural parameters point to the fact that the gold adducts are very similar to Lewis pairs formed out of strong main-group Lewis acids (LA) and low-valent, end-on dinitrogen complexes, with a bent M-N-N-Au motif. To verify how far the analogy goes, we computed the electronic structures of [W(depe)2(η1-N2)(μ-η1:η1-N2)AuNHC]+ (10W+) and [W(depe)2(η1-N2)(μ-η1:η1-N2)B(C6F5)3] (11W). A careful analysis of the frontier orbitals of both compounds shows that a filled orbital resulting from the combination of the π* orbital of the bridging N2 with a d orbital of the group 6 metal overlaps in 10W+ with an empty sd hybrid orbital at gold, whereas in 11W with an sp3 hybrid orbital at boron. The bent N-N-LA arrangement maximizes these interactions, providing a similar level of N2 "push-pull" activation in the two compounds. In the gold case, the HOMO-2 orbital is further delocalized to the empty carbenic p orbital, and an NBO analysis suggests an important electrostatic component in the μ-N2-[Au(NHC)]+ bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Specklin
- LCC−CNRS,
Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, BP44099, F-31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France
| | - Anaïs Coffinet
- LCC−CNRS,
Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, BP44099, F-31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France
| | - Laure Vendier
- LCC−CNRS,
Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, BP44099, F-31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France
| | - Iker del Rosal
- LPCNO,
CNRS, and INSA, Université Paul Sabatier, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Chiara Dinoi
- LPCNO,
CNRS, and INSA, Université Paul Sabatier, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Antoine Simonneau
- LCC−CNRS,
Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, BP44099, F-31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France
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105
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Suzuki S, Toda T, Kuwata S. A diazene-bridged diruthenium complex with structural restraint defined by single meta-diphosphinobenzene. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:4789-4795. [PMID: 33625422 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt04398b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Creation of confined coordination spaces with controlled flexibility is of importance in mimicking enzymatic reactions. We found that a simple, non-chelating 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)benzene (DPPBz) assembled two Cp*Ru units to give a dinuclear complex, wherein only one DPPBz supports an open framework without metal-metal bonding. Subsequent treatment with an excess of hydrazine resulted in formal 2e-/2H+ transfer from hydrazine to afford a diazene-bridged complex featuring intramolecular NHCl hydrogen bonds. In constrast, a monophosphine failed to stabilize the diazene-bridged dinuclear structure due to the lack of the enforcement of the conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Suzuki
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 E4-1 O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan.
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106
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Besmer ML, Braband H, Schneider S, Spingler B, Alberto R. Exploring the Coordination Chemistry of N2 with Technetium PNP Pincer-Type Complexes. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:6696-6701. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Luca Besmer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Henrik Braband
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sven Schneider
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, DE-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Spingler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roger Alberto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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107
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Song J, Liao Q, Hong X, Jin L, Mézailles N. Conversion of Dinitrogen into Nitrile: Cross‐Metathesis of N
2
‐Derived Molybdenum Nitride with Alkynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202015183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinyi Song
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology No. 2 Linggong Rd. 116024 Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Qian Liao
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology No. 2 Linggong Rd. 116024 Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Xin Hong
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology No. 2 Linggong Rd. 116024 Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Li Jin
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology No. 2 Linggong Rd. 116024 Dalian Liaoning China
| | - Nicolas Mézailles
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée Université Paul Sabatier CNRS 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse France
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108
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Kuriyama S, Nishibayashi Y. Development of catalytic nitrogen fixation using transition metal complexes not relevant to nitrogenases. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.131986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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109
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Masero F, Perrin MA, Dey S, Mougel V. Dinitrogen Fixation: Rationalizing Strategies Utilizing Molecular Complexes. Chemistry 2021; 27:3892-3928. [PMID: 32914919 PMCID: PMC7986120 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dinitrogen (N2 ) is the most abundant gas in Earth's atmosphere, but its inertness hinders its use as a nitrogen source in the biosphere and in industry. Efficient catalysts are hence required to ov. ercome the high kinetic barriers associated to N2 transformation. In that respect, molecular complexes have demonstrated strong potential to mediate N2 functionalization reactions under mild conditions while providing a straightforward understanding of the reaction mechanisms. This Review emphasizes the strategies for N2 reduction and functionalization using molecular transition metal and actinide complexes according to their proposed reaction mechanisms, distinguishing complexes inducing cleavage of the N≡N bond before (dissociative mechanism) or concomitantly with functionalization (associative mechanism). We present here the main examples of stoichiometric and catalytic N2 functionalization reactions following these strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Masero
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesLaboratory of Inorganic ChemistryETH ZürichVladimir Prelog Weg 1–58093ZürichSwitzerland
| | - Marie A. Perrin
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesLaboratory of Inorganic ChemistryETH ZürichVladimir Prelog Weg 1–58093ZürichSwitzerland
| | - Subal Dey
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesLaboratory of Inorganic ChemistryETH ZürichVladimir Prelog Weg 1–58093ZürichSwitzerland
| | - Victor Mougel
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesLaboratory of Inorganic ChemistryETH ZürichVladimir Prelog Weg 1–58093ZürichSwitzerland
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110
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Cui P, Huang X, Du J, Huang Z. P–C Bond Cleavage Induced Ni(II) Complexes Bearing Rare-Earth-Metal-Based Metalloligand and Reactivities toward Isonitrile, Nitrile, and Epoxide. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:3249-3258. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Cui
- Key Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Xia Huang
- Key Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, PR China
| | - Jun Du
- Key Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, PR China
| | - Zeming Huang
- Key Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, PR China
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111
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Peters JW, Einsle O, Dean DR, DeBeer S, Hoffman BM, Holland PL, Seefeldt LC. Comment on "Structural evidence for a dynamic metallocofactor during N 2 reduction by Mo-nitrogenase". Science 2021; 371:eabe5481. [PMID: 33574183 PMCID: PMC7931246 DOI: 10.1126/science.abe5481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Kang et al (Reports, 19 June 2020, p. 1381) report a structure of the nitrogenase MoFe protein that is interpreted to indicate binding of N2 or an N2-derived species to the active-site FeMo cofactor. Independent refinement of the structure and consideration of biochemical evidence do not support this claim.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Peters
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
| | - Oliver Einsle
- Institute of Biochemistry, Albert-Ludwigs Universität, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Dennis R Dean
- Biochemistry Department, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Brian M Hoffman
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | | | - Lance C Seefeldt
- Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA
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112
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Ashida Y, Nishibayashi Y. Catalytic conversion of nitrogen molecule into ammonia using molybdenum complexes under ambient reaction conditions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:1176-1189. [PMID: 33443504 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc07146c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen fixation using homogeneous transition metal complexes under mild reaction conditions is a challenging topic in the field of chemistry. Several successful examples of the catalytic conversion of nitrogen molecule into ammonia using various transition metal complexes in the presence of reductants and proton sources have been reported so far, together with detailed investigations on the reaction mechanism. Among these, only molybdenum complexes have been shown to serve as effective catalysts under ambient reaction conditions, in stark contrast with other transition metal-catalysed reactions that proceed at low reaction temperature such as -78 °C. In this feature article, we classify the molybdenum-catalysed reactions into four types: reactions via the Schrock cycle, reactions via dinuclear reaction systems, reactions via direct cleavage of the nitrogen-nitrogen triple bond of dinitrogen, and reactions via the Chatt-type cycle. We describe these catalytic systems focusing on the catalytic activity and mechanistic investigations. We hope that the present feature article provides useful information to develop more efficient nitrogen fixation systems under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Ashida
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Yoshiaki Nishibayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
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113
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Ghosh AC, Duboc C, Gennari M. Synergy between metals for small molecule activation: Enzymes and bio-inspired complexes. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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114
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Coffinet A, Zhang D, Vendier L, Bontemps S, Simonneau A. Borane-catalysed dinitrogen borylation by 1,3-B-H bond addition. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:5582-5589. [PMID: 33908973 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00317h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The borylation of ligated dinitrogen by 1,3-B-H bond addition over a W-N[triple bond, length as m-dash]N unit using various hydroboranes has been examined. In a previous study, we have shown that Piers' borane (1) reacted with the tungsten dinitrogen complex 2 to afford a boryldiazenido-hydrido-tungsten species. The ease and mildness of this reaction have encouraged us to extend its scope, with the working hypothesis that 1 could potentially catalyse the 1,3-B-H bond addition of other hydroboranes. Under productive reaction conditions, dicyclohexylborane (HBCy2) and diisopinocampheylborane (HBIpc2) underwent retro-hydroboration to give cyclohexylborane (H2BCy) or isopinocampheylborane (H2BIpc), respectively; these monoalkylboranes act as N2-borylating agents in the presence of a catalytic amount of 1. Under similar conditions, 9-borabicyclononane (9-BBN) slowly adds over the W-N[triple bond, length as m-dash]N unit without rearrangement to a monoalkylborane. Catecholborane (HBcat) undergoes the 1,3-B-H bond addition without the need for a catalyst. We were not able to build more than one covalent B-N bond between the terminal N of the N2 ligand and the boron reagent with this methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Coffinet
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, BP44099, F-31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France.
| | - Dan Zhang
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, BP44099, F-31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France.
| | - Laure Vendier
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, BP44099, F-31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France.
| | - Sébastien Bontemps
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, BP44099, F-31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France.
| | - Antoine Simonneau
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, BP44099, F-31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France.
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115
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Abstract
An overview of the available methods to functionalize dinitrogen with boron reagents using transition metal complexes is given.
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116
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Mallamace D, Papanikolaou G, Perathoner S, Centi G, Lanzafame P. Comparing Molecular Mechanisms in Solar NH 3 Production and Relations with CO 2 Reduction. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:E139. [PMID: 33375617 PMCID: PMC7795446 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular mechanisms for N2 fixation (solar NH3) and CO2 conversion to C2+ products in enzymatic conversion (nitrogenase), electrocatalysis, metal complexes and plasma catalysis are analyzed and compared. It is evidenced that differently from what is present in thermal and plasma catalysis, the electrocatalytic path requires not only the direct coordination and hydrogenation of undissociated N2 molecules, but it is necessary to realize features present in the nitrogenase mechanism. There is the need for (i) a multi-electron and -proton simultaneous transfer, not as sequential steps, (ii) forming bridging metal hydride species, (iii) generating intermediates stabilized by bridging multiple metal atoms and (iv) the capability of the same sites to be effective both in N2 fixation and in COx reduction to C2+ products. Only iron oxide/hydroxide stabilized at defective sites of nanocarbons was found to have these features. This comparison of the molecular mechanisms in solar NH3 production and CO2 reduction is proposed to be a source of inspiration to develop the next generation electrocatalysts to address the challenging transition to future sustainable energy and chemistry beyond fossil fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gabriele Centi
- Departments ChiBioFarAm and MIFT, University of Messina, ERIC aisbl, INSTM/CASPE, V. le F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (D.M.); (G.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Paola Lanzafame
- Departments ChiBioFarAm and MIFT, University of Messina, ERIC aisbl, INSTM/CASPE, V. le F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (D.M.); (G.P.); (S.P.)
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117
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Wu HL, Li XB, Tung CH, Wu LZ. Bioinspired metal complexes for energy-related photocatalytic small molecule transformation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:15496-15512. [PMID: 33300513 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05870j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bioinspired transformation of small-molecules to energy-related feedstocks is an attractive research area to overcome both the environmental issues and the depletion of fossil fuels. The highly effective metalloenzymes in nature provide blueprints for the utilization of bioinspired metal complexes for artificial photosynthesis. Through simpler structural and functional mimics, the representative herein is the pivotal development of several critical small molecule conversions catalyzed by metal complexes, e.g., water oxidation, proton and CO2 reduction and organic chemical transformation of small molecules. Of great achievement is the establishment of bioinspired metal complexes as catalysts with high stability, specific selectivity and satisfactory efficiency to drive the multiple-electron and multiple-proton processes related to small molecule transformation. Also, potential opportunities and challenges for future development in these appealing areas are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Lin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
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118
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Wang P, Douair I, Zhao Y, Wang S, Zhu J, Maron L, Zhu C. Facile Dinitrogen and Dioxygen Cleavage by a Uranium(III) Complex: Cooperativity Between the Non‐Innocent Ligand and the Uranium Center. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Penglong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Iskander Douair
- LPCNO, CNRS & INSA Université Paul Sabatier 135 Avenue de Rangueil 31077 Toulouse France
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Shuao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection School for Radiological and interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Laurent Maron
- LPCNO, CNRS & INSA Université Paul Sabatier 135 Avenue de Rangueil 31077 Toulouse France
| | - Congqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
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Wang P, Douair I, Zhao Y, Wang S, Zhu J, Maron L, Zhu C. Facile Dinitrogen and Dioxygen Cleavage by a Uranium(III) Complex: Cooperativity Between the Non‐Innocent Ligand and the Uranium Center. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:473-479. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Penglong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Iskander Douair
- LPCNO, CNRS & INSA Université Paul Sabatier 135 Avenue de Rangueil 31077 Toulouse France
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Shuao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection School for Radiological and interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Laurent Maron
- LPCNO, CNRS & INSA Université Paul Sabatier 135 Avenue de Rangueil 31077 Toulouse France
| | - Congqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
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120
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Zhu ZH, Wang HL, Zou HH, Liang FP. Metal hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks: structure and performance. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:10708-10723. [PMID: 32672293 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01998d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Although great progress has been made in the design, synthesis, and performance expansion of porous materials, new porous materials with stable structures still need to be explored further. In recent years, porous molecular crystals formed by intermolecular interactions have attracted wide attention from chemists, especially metal hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (M-HOFs) formed by connecting metal complexes through hydrogen bonds. Metal complexes with specific properties (e.g., magnetism, luminescence, sensing, and catalysis) can expand and develop the application of M-HOFs further. However, the huge volume, irregular shape, complex coordination modes, and interference of coordination bonds pose certain challenges in the synthesis and performance expansion of M-HOFs. In this frontier, we summarize the latest progress in the use of 3d, 4d, and 4f metal complexes for the synthesis of M-HOFs, and briefly introduce the performance expansion of these M-HOFs, which is expected to help expand new porous materials with stable structures and specific functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Hong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China.
| | - Hai-Ling Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China.
| | - Hua-Hong Zou
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China.
| | - Fu-Pei Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China. and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
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121
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Bruch QJ, Connor GP, McMillion ND, Goldman AS, Hasanayn F, Holland PL, Miller AJM. Considering Electrocatalytic Ammonia Synthesis via Bimetallic Dinitrogen Cleavage. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Quinton J. Bruch
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Gannon P. Connor
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Noah D. McMillion
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Alan S. Goldman
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Faraj Hasanayn
- Department of Chemistry, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Patrick L. Holland
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Alexander J. M. Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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122
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Dorantes MJ, Moore JT, Bill E, Mienert B, Lu CC. Bimetallic iron–tin catalyst for N2 to NH3 and a silyldiazenido model intermediate. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:11030-11033. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04563b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A new tin-supported iron complex catalyzes N2 fixation. The role of this heavy main group element in the catalysis is evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James T. Moore
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Minnesota
- Minneapolis
- USA
| | - Eckhard Bill
- Max Planck Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion
- 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr
- Germany
| | - Bernd Mienert
- Max Planck Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion
- 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr
- Germany
| | - Connie C. Lu
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Minnesota
- Minneapolis
- USA
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123
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Ahmed N, Tripathi S, Sarkar A, Ansari KU, Das C, Prajesh N, Horike S, Boomishankar R, Shanmugam M. Chiral tetranuclear copper( ii) complexes: synthesis, optical and magnetic properties. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj02856h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The chiral tetranuclear Cu(ii) cubane complexes with the general molecular formula [Cu4(R-L1)4] (R-1) and [Cu4(S-L1)4] (S-1) exhibit ferromagnetic exchange coupling, which is in contrast to the literature reports. This is corroborated by theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naushad Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai-400076
- India
| | - Shalini Tripathi
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai-400076
- India
| | - Arup Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai-400076
- India
| | - Kamal Uddin Ansari
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai-400076
- India
| | - Chinmoy Das
- AIST-Kyoto University Chemical Energy Materials Open Innovation Laboratory (ChEM-OIL)
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
- Yoshida-Honmachi
- Kyoto 606-8501
- Japan
| | - Neetu Prajesh
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)
- Pune, Dr Homi Bhabha Road
- Pune-411008
- India
| | - Satoshi Horike
- AIST-Kyoto University Chemical Energy Materials Open Innovation Laboratory (ChEM-OIL)
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
- Yoshida-Honmachi
- Kyoto 606-8501
- Japan
| | - Ramamoorthy Boomishankar
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)
- Pune, Dr Homi Bhabha Road
- Pune-411008
- India
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