101
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Wen J, Sun S. Carbon Nanomaterials in Optical Detection. CARBON-BASED NANOMATERIALS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/9781788012751-00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Owing to their unique optical, electronic, mechanical, and chemical properties, flexible chemical modification, large surface coverage and ready cellular uptake, various carbon nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene and its derivatives, carbon dots (CDs), graphene quantum dots, fullerenes, carbon nanohorns (CNHs) and carbon nano-onions (CNOs), have been widely explored for use in optical detection. Most of them are based on fluorescence changes. In this chapter, we will focus on carbon nanomaterials-based optical detection applications, mainly including fluorescence sensing and bio-imaging. Moreover, perspectives on future exploration of carbon nanomaterials for optical detection are also given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 PR China
| | - Shiguo Sun
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 PR China
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102
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Amjadi M, Hallaj T, Manzoori JL, Shahbazsaghir T. An amplified chemiluminescence system based on Si-doped carbon dots for detection of catecholamines. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 201:223-228. [PMID: 29753967 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report on a chemiluminescence (CL) system based on simultaneous enhancing effect of Si-doped carbon dots (Si-CDs) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) on HCO3--H2O2 reaction. The possible CL mechanism is investigated and discussed. Excited-state Si-CDs was found to be the final emitting species, which are probably produced via electron and hole injection by oxy-radicals. The effect of several other heteroatom-doped CDs and undoped CDs was also investigated and compared with Si-CDs. Furthermore, it was found that catecholamines such as dopamine, adrenaline and noradrenaline remarkably diminish the CL intensity of Si-CD-HCO3--H2O2-CTAB system. By taking advantage of this fact, a sensitive probe was designed for determination of dopamine, adrenaline and noradrenaline with a limit of detection of 0.07, 0.60 and 0.01 μM, respectively. The method was applied to the determination of catecholamines in human plasma samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Amjadi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran.
| | - Tooba Hallaj
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran
| | - Jamshid L Manzoori
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran
| | - Tahmineh Shahbazsaghir
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran
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103
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Loukanov AR, Gagov HS, Mishonova MY, Nakabayashi S. Biocompatible Carbon Nanodots for Functional Imaging and Cancer Therapy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.4018/ijbce.2018070103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This article describes how carbon quantum dots (C-dots) are tiny carbon nanoparticles (less than 10 nm in size) being envisaged to be used in bio-sensing, bio-imaging and drug delivery nanosystems. Their low toxicity and stable chemical properties make them suitable candidates for new types of fluorescent probe, which overcome the common drawbacks of previous fluorescent probes (organic dyes and inorganic quantum dots). In addition, fluorescent C-dots possess a rather strong ability to bind with other organic and inorganic molecules due to their abundant surface groups. For that reason, fluorescent C-dots can be manipulated via series of controllable chemical treatments in order to satisfy the demands in the photocatalytic, biochemical and chemical sensing, bio-imaging, drug delivery and enhanced cell targeting. In recent studies it was described the development of carbon quantum dots with large two-photon absorption cross sections towards two-photon imaging for use in photodynamic cancer therapy. Thus, C-dots have become a rising star in biomedical research with a promising future for the application in nanomedicine.
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104
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Zinc and nitrogen ornamented bluish white luminescent carbon dots for engrossing bacteriostatic activity and Fenton based bio-sensor. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 88:115-129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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105
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Sharma AK, Pandey S, Sharma KH, Nerthigan Y, Khan MS, Hang DR, Wu HF. Two dimensional α-MoO 3-x nanoflakes as bare eye probe for hydrogen peroxide in biological fluids. Anal Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.01.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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106
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Rub Pakkath SA, Chetty SS, Selvarasu P, Vadivel Murugan A, Kumar Y, Periyasamy L, Santhakumar M, Sadras SR, Santhakumar K. Transition Metal Ion (Mn 2+, Fe 2+, Co 2+, and Ni 2+)-Doped Carbon Dots Synthesized via Microwave-Assisted Pyrolysis: A Potential Nanoprobe for Magneto-fluorescent Dual-Modality Bioimaging. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:2582-2596. [PMID: 33435121 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Heteroatom-doped carbon dots (C-dots) have captured widespread research interest owing to high fluorescence and biocompatibility for multimodal bioimaging applications. Here, we exemplify a rapid, facile synthesis of ethylenediamine (EDA)-functionalized transition metal ion (Mn2+, Fe2+, Co2+, and Ni2+)-doped C-dots via one-pot microwave (MW)-assisted pyrolysis at 800 W within 6 min using Citrus limon (lemon) extract as a carbon source. During MW pyrolysis, the precursor extract undergoes simultaneous carbonization and doping of metal ions onto C-dot surfaces in the presence of EDA. The EDA-functionalized transition metal ion-doped C-dots (i.e., Mn/C, Fe/C, Co/C, and Ni/C-dots) are collectively termed as TMCDs. The water-soluble TMCDs exhibited a size of 3.2 ± 0.485 nm and were enriched with amino and oxo functionalities and corresponding metal-oxide traces on the surfaces, as revealed from Fourier transfer infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses. Interestingly, TMCDs demonstrated excitation-wavelength-dependent emission with brighter photoluminescence (PL) at 460 nm. Compared to pristine C-dots with a PL quantum yield (QY) of 48.31% and a fluorescence lifetime of 3.6 ns, the synthesized Mn/C, Fe/C, Co/C, and Ni/C-dots exhibited PL QY values of 35.71, 41.72, 75.07, and 50.84% as well as enhanced fluorescence lifetimes (τav) of 9.4, 8.6, 9.2, and 8.9 ns, respectively. The TMCDs significantly exhibited enhanced biocompatibility in human colon cancer cells (SW480) for fluorescence bioimaging and showed ferromagnetic and superparamagnetic behavior with vibrant T1-contrast ability. Interestingly, the maximum longitudinal (r1) relaxivity of 0.341 mM-1 s-1 was observed for Mn/C-dots in comparison to that of 3.1-3.5 mM-1 s-1 of clinically used Gd-DTPA magnetic resonance (MR)-contrast agent in vitro (1.5 T). Similarly, the maximum longitudinal relaxivity (r1) of 0.356 mM-1 s-1 was observed for Ni/C-dots (1.5 T) with respect to 4.16 ± 0.02 mM-1 s-1 attained for Gd-DTPA in vivo (8.45 T). Thus, the rapid, energy-efficient MW-assisted pyrolysis presents lemon extract derived, EDA-functionalized TMCDs with enhanced PL and efficient T1 contrast as potential magneto-fluorescent nanoprobes for dual-modality bioimaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kirankumar Santhakumar
- Zebrafish Genetics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, Sree Ramaswamy Memorial (SRM) Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
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107
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Liao S, Zhao X, Zhu F, Chen M, Wu Z, song X, Yang H, Chen X. Novel S, N-doped carbon quantum dot-based "off-on" fluorescent sensor for silver ion and cysteine. Talanta 2018; 180:300-308. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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108
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Abstract
Carbon dots are an emerging class of carbon-based nanostructures produced by low-cost raw materials which exhibit a widely-tunable photoluminescence and a high quantum yield. The potential of these nanomaterials as a substitute of semiconductor quantum dots in optoelectronics and biomedicine is very high, however they need a customized chemistry to be integrated in host-guest systems or functionalized in core-shell structures. This review is focused on recent advances of the sol-gel chemistry applied to the C-dots technology. The surface modification, the fine tailoring of the chemical composition and the embedding into a complex nanostructured material are the main targets of combining sol-gel processing with C-dots chemistry. In addition, the synergistic effect of the sol-gel precursor combined with the C-dots contribute to modify the intrinsic chemo-physical properties of the dots, empowering the emission efficiency or enabling the tuning of the photoluminescence over a wide range of the visible spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Malfatti
- LMNT- Laboratory of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, CR-INSTM, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Via Vienna 2, 07040, Sassari, University of Sassari, Italy
| | - Plinio Innocenzi
- LMNT- Laboratory of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, CR-INSTM, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Via Vienna 2, 07040, Sassari, University of Sassari, Italy
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109
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Luo X, Zhang W, Han Y, Chen X, Zhu L, Tang W, Wang J, Yue T, Li Z. N,S co-doped carbon dots based fluorescent "on-off-on" sensor for determination of ascorbic acid in common fruits. Food Chem 2018; 258:214-221. [PMID: 29655725 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A switchable sensor based on N and S co-doped carbon dots (N,S-CDs) was developed to determine ascorbic acid (AA) content in common fruits via fluorescence quenching of N,S-CDs by Fe3+ (off) and recovery by AA (on). TEM showed that the particle size was 2.35-7.95 nm with an average diameter of 5.12 nm. XPS and FTIR confirmed the presence of -OH, -COOH and -NH2 on N,S-CDs surface. UV-vis and FTIR revealed that the coordination of -COOH and -NH2 on N,S-CDs surface with Fe3+ accounted for FL quenching, and the release of -NH2 from coordination complexes due to the reduction of Fe3+ by AA led to partly FL recovery. The sensor allowed detecting AA in the linear range of 10-200 μmol/L with a LOD of 4.69 μmol/L. AA contents in common fruits detected by the sensor were in good agreement with the reference method (P > 0.05), indicating a practical fluorescent sensor for AA detection in common fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueli Luo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Wengang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Yong Han
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Xiumei Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Li Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Wenzhi Tang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Jianlong Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Tianli Yue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (YangLing), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; National Engineering Research Center of Agriculture Integration Test (Yangling), Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Zhonghong Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (YangLing), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; National Engineering Research Center of Agriculture Integration Test (Yangling), Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
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110
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Du F, Gong X, Lu W, Liu Y, Gao Y, Shuang S, Xian M, Dong C. Bright-green-emissive nitrogen-doped carbon dots as a nanoprobe for bifunctional sensing, its logic gate operation and cellular imaging. Talanta 2018; 179:554-562. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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111
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Determination of norfloxacin or ciprofloxacin by carbon dots fluorescence enhancement using magnetic nanoparticles as adsorbent. Mikrochim Acta 2018; 185:137. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-2685-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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112
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Vallu RK, Velugula K, Doshi S, Chinta JP. Colorimetric and fluorimetric detection of Hg 2+ and Cr 3+ by boronic acid conjugated rhodamine derivatives: Mechanistic aspects and their bio-imaging application in bacterial cells. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 189:556-562. [PMID: 28866411 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Colorimetric and fluorimetric detection of toxic metal ions such as Hg2+ and Cr3+ has gained tremendous popularity over the conventional methods due to their operational simplicity, high selectivity, and speediness. Although numerous colorimetric and fluorescent receptors for Hg2+ or Cr3+ were reported in the literature, boronic acid-based receptors for these metal ions are rather scarce in the literature. Hence, in the present study dual function boronic acid conjugated rhodamine derivatives were developed, and their toxic metal ion detection abilities were studied by absorption, emission and visual detection methods. Absorption and emission spectral studies revealed that these derivatives displayed selectivity towards Hg2+, Cr3+ and Fe3+ among the other metal ions studied by forming new absorption band. Both the derivatives exhibited colorimetric response towards Hg2+ and Cr3+ by the change in color of the solution to pink and reddish pink with Fe3+. The detailed mechanism involved in the detection of Hg2+ was deduced by 1H NMR and ESI-MS studies. Further, these derivatives were used for fluorescence imaging of Hg2+ and Cr3+ in S. aureus bacterial cells. Thus the present manuscript demonstrated the use of boronic acid conjugated rhodamine derivatives as a dual function (colorimetric and fluorescent) probes and as imaging agents for Hg2+ and Cr3+, which are known for their toxic influence on bacterial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Krishna Vallu
- Resource Quality Assessment Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Dhanbad 826015, India
| | - Krishna Velugula
- Analytical Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar 364002, India
| | - Sejal Doshi
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Jugun Prakash Chinta
- Analytical Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Salt & Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Bhavnagar 364002, India.
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113
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Wei J, Yuan Y, Li H, Hao D, Sun C, Zheng G, Wang R. A novel fluorescent sensor for water in organic solvents based on dynamic quenching of carbon quantum dots. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj04365e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A novel fluorescent sensor for water in organic solvents was proposed based on dynamic quenching of carbon quantum dots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Wei
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University
- Tianjin
- P. R. China
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology
- Beijing
| | - Ye Yuan
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Haikuo Li
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Dan Hao
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Chenying Sun
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Guo Zheng
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University
- Tianjin
- P. R. China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
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114
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Sidhu JS, Singh A, Garg N, Kaur N, Singh N. Carbon dots as analytical tools for sensing of thioredoxin reductase and screening of cancer cells. Analyst 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7an02040f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The addition of Cu2+ to a CD solution quenches the fluorescence emission of CDs while on the addition of TrxR, 2-mercaptopropanoic acid released from the surface of the CDs and emission from CDs was regained.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashutosh Singh
- School of Basic Sciences
- Indian Institute of Technology Mandi
- Mandi
- India
| | - Neha Garg
- School of Basic Sciences
- Indian Institute of Technology Mandi
- Mandi
- India
| | - Navneet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry
- Panjab University
- Chandigarh 160014
- India
| | - Narinder Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Ropar
- Rupnagar
- India
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115
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Luo TY, He X, Zhang J, Chen P, Liu YH, Wang HJ, Yu XQ. Photoluminescent F-doped carbon dots prepared by ring-opening reaction for gene delivery and cell imaging. RSC Adv 2018; 8:6053-6062. [PMID: 35539571 PMCID: PMC9078219 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra13607b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are photoluminescent nanoparticles with distinctive properties, having great potential in nano-biomaterial systems such as gene/drug delivery vectors and cell imaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Ying Luo
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
| | - Xi He
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
| | - Ji Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
| | - Ping Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
| | - Yan-Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
| | - Hai-Jiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
| | - Xiao-Qi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
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116
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Turn-on fluorometric and colorimetric probe for hydrogen peroxide based on the in-situ formation of silver ions from a composite made from N-doped carbon quantum dots and silver nanoparticles. Mikrochim Acta 2017; 185:31. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-017-2545-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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117
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Feng H, Qian Z. Functional Carbon Quantum Dots: A Versatile Platform for Chemosensing and Biosensing. CHEM REC 2017; 18:491-505. [PMID: 29171708 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201700055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Carbon quantum dot has emerged as a new promising fluorescent nanomaterial due to its excellent optical properties, outstanding biocompatibility and accessible fabrication methods, and has shown huge application perspective in a variety of areas, especially in chemosensing and biosensing applications. In this personal account, we give a brief overview of carbon quantum dots from its origin and preparation methods, present some advance on fluorescence origin of carbon quantum dots, and focus on development of chemosensors and biosensors based on functional carbon quantum dots. Comprehensive advances on functional carbon quantum dots as a versatile platform for sensing from our group are included and summarized as well as some typical examples from the other groups. The biosensing applications of functional carbon quantum dots are highlighted from selective assays of enzyme activity to fluorescent identification of cancer cells and bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Feng
- Department of Chemistry, College of Life Science and Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Road 688, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaosheng Qian
- Department of Chemistry, College of Life Science and Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Road 688, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
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118
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Jaleel JA, Pramod K. Artful and multifaceted applications of carbon dot in biomedicine. J Control Release 2017; 269:302-321. [PMID: 29170139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (C-dots) are luminescent carbon nanomaterial having good biocompatibility and low toxicity. The characteristic fluorescence emission property of C-dots establishes their role in optical imaging. C-dots which are superior to fluorescent dyes and semiconductor quantum dots act as a safer in vivo imaging probe. Apart from their bioimaging application, other applications in biomedicine such as drug delivery, cancer therapy, and gene delivery were studied. In this review, we present multifaceted applications of C-dots along with their synthesis, surface passivation, doping, and toxicity profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jumana Abdul Jaleel
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Govt. Medical College, Kozhikode 673008, Kerala, India
| | - K Pramod
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Govt. Medical College, Kozhikode 673008, Kerala, India.
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119
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Ding H, Wei JS, Zhong N, Gao QY, Xiong HM. Highly Efficient Red-Emitting Carbon Dots with Gram-Scale Yield for Bioimaging. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:12635-12642. [PMID: 29039949 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b02385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are a new class of photoluminescent (PL), biocompatible, environment-friendly, and low-cost carbon nanomaterials. Synthesis of highly efficient red-emitting carbon dots (R-CDs) on a gram scale is a great challenge at present, which heavily restricts the wide applications of CDs in the bioimaging field. Herein, R-CDs with a high quantum yield (QY) of 53% are produced on a gram scale by heating a formamide solution of citric acid and ethylenediamine. The as-prepared R-CDs have an average size of 4.1 nm and a nitrogen content of about 30%, with an excitation-independent emission at 627 nm. After detailed characterizations, such strong red fluorescence is ascribed to the contribution from the nitrogen- and oxygen-related surface states and the nitrogen-derived structures in the R-CD cores. Our R-CDs show good photostability and low cytotoxicity, and thus they are excellent red fluorescence probes for bioimaging both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ding
- College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology , Xuzhou 221008, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Ji-Shi Wei
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Ning Zhong
- College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology , Xuzhou 221008, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Yu Gao
- College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology , Xuzhou 221008, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Huan-Ming Xiong
- Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
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120
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Chandra S, Chowdhuri AR, Laha D, Sahu SK. Fabrication of nitrogen- and phosphorous-doped carbon dots by the pyrolysis method for iodide and iron(III) sensing. LUMINESCENCE 2017; 33:336-344. [DOI: 10.1002/bio.3418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Soumen Chandra
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology (ISM); Dhanbad Jharkhand India
| | - Angshuman Ray Chowdhuri
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology (ISM); Dhanbad Jharkhand India
| | - Dipranjan Laha
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology; Jadavpur University; Kolkata India
| | - Sumanta Kumar Sahu
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology (ISM); Dhanbad Jharkhand India
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121
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de Weerd C, Shin Y, Marino E, Kim J, Lee H, Saeed S, Gregorkiewicz T. Comparison of the Optical Properties of Graphene and Alkyl-terminated Si and Ge Quantum Dots. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14463. [PMID: 29089509 PMCID: PMC5663913 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12872-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Semiconductor quantum dots are widely investigated due to their size dependent energy structure. In particular, colloidal quantum dots represent a promising nanomaterial for optoelectronic devices, such as photodetectors and solar cells, but also luminescent markers for biotechnology, among other applications. Ideal materials for these applications should feature efficient radiative recombination and absorption transitions, altogether with spectral tunability over a wide range. Group IV semiconductor quantum dots can fulfill these requirements and serve as an alternative to the commonly used direct bandgap materials containing toxic and/or rare elements. Here, we present optical properties of butyl-terminated Si and Ge quantum dots and compare them to those of graphene quantum dots, finding them remarkably similar. We investigate their time-resolved photoluminescence emission as well as the photoluminescence excitation and linear absorption spectra. We contemplate that their emission characteristics indicate a (semi-) resonant activation of the emitting channel; the photoluminescence excitation shows characteristics similar to those of a molecule. The optical density is consistent with band-to-band absorption processes originating from core-related states. Hence, these observations strongly indicate a different microscopic origin for absorption and radiative recombination in the three investigated quantum dot systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris de Weerd
- Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Yonghun Shin
- Centre for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute of Basic Science, Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seoburo, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Emanuele Marino
- Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joosung Kim
- Centre for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute of Basic Science, Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seoburo, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoyoung Lee
- Centre for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute of Basic Science, Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seoburo, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea.,Centre for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute of Basic Science, Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seoburo, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Saba Saeed
- Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Physics, The Women University, Kutchery Campus, L.M.Q. Road, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Tom Gregorkiewicz
- Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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122
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Ci J, Tian Y, Kuga S, Niu Z, Wu M, Huang Y. One-Pot Green Synthesis of Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots for Cell Nucleus Labeling and Copper(II) Detection. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:2916-2921. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201700880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiliang Ci
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Zhongguancun east road 29# Beijing 100190 P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 P.R. China
| | - Ye Tian
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Zhongguancun east road 29# Beijing 100190 P.R. China
| | - Shigenori Kuga
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Zhongguancun east road 29# Beijing 100190 P.R. China
| | - Zhongwei Niu
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Zhongguancun east road 29# Beijing 100190 P.R. China
| | - Min Wu
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Zhongguancun east road 29# Beijing 100190 P.R. China
| | - Yong Huang
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Zhongguancun east road 29# Beijing 100190 P.R. China
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123
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Lin Q, Mao PP, Fan YQ, Liu L, Liu J, Zhang YM, Yao H, Wei TB. A novel supramolecular polymer gel based on naphthalimide functionalized-pillar[5]arene for the fluorescence detection of Hg 2+ and I - and recyclable removal of Hg 2+via cation-π interactions. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:7085-7089. [PMID: 28849853 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm01447c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The development of novel materials for the detection and removal of Hg2+ is a very important issue due to the acute toxicity of Hg2+. Herein, a novel supramolecular polymer P5BD-DPHB has been constructed by the collaboration of a naphthalimide functionalized-pillar[5]arene host (P5BD) and a bis-bromohexane functionalized-pillar[5]arene guest (DPHB). P5BD-DPHB could form a stable supramolecular gel (P5BD-DPHB-G). Interestingly, P5BD-DPHB-G shows selective fluorescent "turn-on" detection for Hg2+via cation-π interactions with high selectivity and sensitivity. Furthermore, the Hg2+ coordinated supramolecular gel P5BD-DPHB-HgG can detect I- successively. The detection limits for Hg2+ and I- are 1.65 × 10-9 and 1.84 × 10-8 mol L-1, respectively. Even more significantly, the xerogel of P5BD-DPHB-G could remove Hg2+ from aqueous solution with excellent recyclability and ingestion capacity, and with a Hg2+ removal rate of 98%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, P. R. China.
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124
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Wu F, Su H, Wang K, Wong WK, Zhu X. Facile synthesis of N-rich carbon quantum dots from porphyrins as efficient probes for bioimaging and biosensing in living cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:7375-7391. [PMID: 29066889 PMCID: PMC5644538 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s147165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
N-rich metal-free and metal-doped carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have been prepared through one-step hydrothermal method using tetraphenylporphyrin or its transition metal (Pd or Pt) complex as precursor. The structures and morphology of the as-prepared nanoparticles were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectra. Three kinds of nanocomposites show similar structures except for the presence of metal ions in Pd-CQDs and Pt-CQDs indicated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. All of them display bright blue emission upon exposure to ultraviolet irradiation. The CQDs exhibit typical excitation-dependent emission behavior, with the emission quantum yield of 10.1%, 17.8%, and 15.2% for CQDs, Pd-CQDs, and Pt-CQDs, respectively. Moreover, the CQDs, Pd-CQDs, and Pt-CQDs could serve as fluorescent probes for the specific and sensitive detection of Fe3+ ions in aqueous solution. The low cytotoxicity of CQDs is demonstrated by MTT assay against HeLa cells. Therefore, the CQDs can be used as efficient probes for cellular multicolor imaging and fluorescence sensors for the detection of Fe3+ ions due to their low toxicity, excellent biocompatibility, and low detection limits. This work provides a new route to synthesize highly luminescent N-rich metal-free or metal-doped CQDs for multifunctional applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengshou Wu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Advanced Materials, HKBU Institute of Research and Continuing Education (Shenzhen), Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Huifang Su
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yet-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan
| | - Wai-Kwok Wong
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Advanced Materials, HKBU Institute of Research and Continuing Education (Shenzhen), Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Xunjin Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Advanced Materials, HKBU Institute of Research and Continuing Education (Shenzhen), Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
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125
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Chandra S, Chowdhuri AR, Mahto TK, Laha D, Sahu SK. Sulphur and nitrogen doped carbon dots: A facile synthetic strategy for multicolour bioimaging, tiopronin sensing, and Hg 2+ ion detection. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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126
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Ma Y, Cen Y, Sohail M, Xu G, Wei F, Shi M, Xu X, Song Y, Ma Y, Hu Q. A Ratiometric Fluorescence Universal Platform Based on N, Cu Codoped Carbon Dots to Detect Metabolites Participating in H 2O 2-Generation Reactions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:33011-33019. [PMID: 28876887 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b10548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a new kind of N, Cu codoped carbon dots (N/Cu-CDs) was prepared via a facile one-pot hydrothermal method by using citric acid monohydrate, copper acetate monohydrate and diethylenetriamine. The prepared N/Cu-CDs with a high quantum yield (50.1%) showed excitation-independent emission at 460 nm. The structure and fluorescence properties of N/Cu-CDs were characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, fluorescence spectrofluorometer, FT-IR spectrometer, UV-visible spectrophotometer and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. N/Cu-CDs were applied to establishing a ratiometric fluorescence probe toward H2O2 based on the inner filter effect (IFE) between N/Cu-CDs and DAP (2,3-diaminophenazine, the oxidative product of o-phenylenediamine (OPD)), and provided a ratiometric fluorescence universal platform for detection of the metabolites participating in H2O2-generation reactions (cholesterol and xanthine). The proposed method was demonstrated to be ultrasensitive and highly selective for cholesterol and xanthine assay with detection limits of 0.03 and 0.10 μM, respectively. The fluorescence probe built was applied to the determination of cholesterol and xanthine in human serum with satisfactory results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsu Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, PR China
| | - Yao Cen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, PR China
| | - Muhammad Sohail
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, PR China
| | - Guanhong Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, PR China
| | - Fangdi Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, PR China
| | - Menglan Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, PR China
| | - Xiaoman Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, PR China
| | - Yueyue Song
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, PR China
| | - Yujie Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, PR China
| | - Qin Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, PR China
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127
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Sidhu JS, Singh A, Garg N, Singh N. Carbon Dot Based, Naphthalimide Coupled FRET Pair for Highly Selective Ratiometric Detection of Thioredoxin Reductase and Cancer Screening. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:25847-25856. [PMID: 28737377 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b07046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) mechanism has been established between carbon dots (CDs) and naphthalimide to monitor the activity of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), which is often overexpressed in many cancer cells. The naphthalimide moiety was covalently attached to the surface of CDs through a disulfide linkage. In normal cell conditions (when devoid of high concentrations of TrxR), the CDs act as an energy donor and naphthalimide acts as an acceptor, which establishes the FRET pair as interpreted from the emission at λem = 565 nm, when excited at λex = 360 nm. However, contrary to this, the elevated levels of TrxR cause the breakage of disulfide bonds and consequently abolishes the FRET pair through the release of the naphthalimide moiety from the surface of CDs. This process was studied by monitoring of fluorescence intensity at λem = 565 and 440 nm, when excited at the same wavelength (λex = 360 nm). The TrxR based ratiometric quenching and enhancement of fluorescence intensity offers an interesting opportunity to monitor the enzyme activities and has many advantages over conventional monitoring of fluorescence intensity at a single wavelength to avoid interference of external factors. Fluorescence images of cancer cells in response to the nanosensor were visualized under a confocal microscope. Cytotoxicity study of nanosensor retards the growth of HeLa and MCF-7 cell lines in the presence of visible light. Therefore, the nanosensor also acts as a theranostic agent to diagnose as well as killing of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagpreet Singh Sidhu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar , Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Ashutosh Singh
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi , Kamand, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175005, India
| | - Neha Garg
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi , Kamand, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh 175005, India
| | - Narinder Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar , Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
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128
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Li F, Li T, Sun C, Xia J, Jiao Y, Xu H. Selenium‐Doped Carbon Quantum Dots for Free‐Radical Scavenging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201705989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular EngineeringDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Tianyu Li
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular EngineeringDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Chenxing Sun
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular EngineeringDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Jiahao Xia
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular EngineeringDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yang Jiao
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular EngineeringDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Huaping Xu
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular EngineeringDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
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129
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Li F, Li T, Sun C, Xia J, Jiao Y, Xu H. Selenium‐Doped Carbon Quantum Dots for Free‐Radical Scavenging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201705989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular EngineeringDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Tianyu Li
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular EngineeringDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Chenxing Sun
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular EngineeringDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Jiahao Xia
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular EngineeringDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yang Jiao
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular EngineeringDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Huaping Xu
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular EngineeringDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
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130
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Shangguan J, Huang J, He D, He X, Wang K, Ye R, Yang X, Qing T, Tang J. Highly Fe3+-Selective Fluorescent Nanoprobe Based on Ultrabright N/P Codoped Carbon Dots and Its Application in Biological Samples. Anal Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingfang Shangguan
- State Key Laboratory
of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology
and Molecule Engineering of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jin Huang
- State Key Laboratory
of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology
and Molecule Engineering of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Dinggeng He
- State Key Laboratory
of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology
and Molecule Engineering of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xiaoxiao He
- State Key Laboratory
of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology
and Molecule Engineering of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Kemin Wang
- State Key Laboratory
of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology
and Molecule Engineering of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Runzhi Ye
- State Key Laboratory
of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology
and Molecule Engineering of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xue Yang
- State Key Laboratory
of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology
and Molecule Engineering of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Taiping Qing
- State Key Laboratory
of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology
and Molecule Engineering of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jinlu Tang
- State Key Laboratory
of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Key Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology
and Molecule Engineering of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
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131
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Singhal P, Vats BG, Jha SK, Neogy S. Green, Water-Dispersible Photoluminescent On-Off-On Probe for Selective Detection of Fluoride Ions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:20536-20544. [PMID: 28537079 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b03346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Considering the high toxicity and widespread availability of fluoride ions in different environmental matrices, it is imperative to design a probe for its detection. In view of this, a selective fluorescent on-off-on probe based on carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and Eu3+ has been designed. We have synthesized water-soluble carboxylic acid-functionalized CQDs and monitored their interaction with Eu3+. Luminescence quenching in the CQD emission was observed (switch-off) on adding Eu3+ ions. We investigate the reason for this luminescence quenching using time-resolved emission and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) studies and observed that both electron transfer from CQDs to Eu3+ and aggregation of CQDs are responsible for the luminescence quenching. ζ-Potential and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies confirm Eu3+ binding with the COOH groups on CQD surface. Interestingly, luminescence regains after the addition of fluoride ions to the CQDs/Eu3+ system (switch-on). This has been assigned to the removal of Eu3+ from the CQD surface due to the formation of EuF3 and is confirmed by X-ray diffraction and HRTEM measurements. The sensitivity of the probe was tested by carrying out experiments with other competing ions and was found to be selective for fluoride ions. Experiments with variable concentrations of fluoride ions suggest that the working range of the probe is 1-25 ppm. The probe has been successfully tested for the detection of fluoride ions in a toothpaste sample and the results were compared to those of ion chromatography. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report based on CQDs and Eu3+ for the detection of fluoride ions, wherein a clear mechanism of the detection has been demonstrated, which, in turn, will help to develop better detection methods. The suggested probe is green, economical, rapid, efficient, and, most importantly, selective and can be used for the detection of fluoride ions in real environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sanjay K Jha
- Homi Bhabha National Institute , Mumbai 400094, India
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132
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Doroodmand MM, Askari M. Synthesis of a novel nitrogen-doped carbon dot by microwave-assisted carbonization method and its applications as selective probes for optical pH (acidity) sensing in aqueous/nonaqueous media, determination of nitrate/nitrite, and optical recognition of NOX gas. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 968:74-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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133
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134
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Yang H, Li F, Zou C, Huang Q, Chen D. Sulfur-doped carbon quantum dots and derived 3D carbon nanoflowers are effective visible to near infrared fluorescent probes for hydrogen peroxide. Mikrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-017-2181-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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135
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Khakbaz F, Mahani M. Micro-RNA detection based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer of DNA-carbon quantum dots probes. Anal Biochem 2017; 523:32-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2017.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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136
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Application of the chemiluminescence system composed of silicon-doped carbon dots, iron(II) and K2S2O8 to the determination of norfloxacin. Mikrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-017-2139-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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137
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Li Liu M, Chen BB, Yang T, Wang J, Dong Liu X, Zhi Huang C. One-pot carbonization synthesis of europium-doped carbon quantum dots for highly selective detection of tetracycline. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2017; 5:015003. [PMID: 28248640 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/aa5e2b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The detection of tetracycline is of great significance because of its damaging effects on human health, such as renal toxicity and hemolytic anemia. Any release of tetracycline into the surrounding environment can produce bacterial drug resistance. We develop a new sensitive and selective detection approach for tetracycline in complex water samples by preparing europium-doped carbon quantum dots (Eu-CQDs) through a simple and rapid carbonization method operating at 200 °C for 5 min. The Eu-CQDs are characterized by blue photoluminescence, excitation-wavelength-dependent emission and excellent stability. Importantly, the fluorescence of the Eu-CQDs can be quenched efficiently by tetracycline, based on the strong inner filter effect mechanism between Eu-CQDs and tetracycline, making the fluorescence intensity ratio (I 0/I) of the Eu-CQDs at 465 nm correlate linearly with the concentration of tetracycline in the range of 0.5-200 μM, with a limit of detection of 0.3 μM. This shows the broad applicability of the Eu-CQDs in pursuing the concepts of simplicity and specificity for analytical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li Liu
- Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
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138
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Zhou Y, Desserre A, Sharma SK, Li S, Marksberry MH, Chusuei CC, Blackwelder PL, Leblanc RM. Gel-like Carbon Dots: Characterization and their Potential Applications. Chemphyschem 2017; 18:890-897. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201700038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry; University of Miami; Coral Gables Florida 33146 USA
| | | | - Shiv K. Sharma
- Department of Chemistry; University of Miami; Coral Gables Florida 33146 USA
| | - Shanghao Li
- Department of Chemistry; University of Miami; Coral Gables Florida 33146 USA
| | - M. Hensley Marksberry
- Department of Chemistry; Middle Tennessee State University; Murfreesboro Tennessee 37132 USA
| | - Charles C. Chusuei
- Department of Chemistry; Middle Tennessee State University; Murfreesboro Tennessee 37132 USA
| | - Patricia L. Blackwelder
- Department of Chemistry; University of Miami; Coral Gables Florida 33146 USA
- GS/RSMAS; University of Miami; Key Biscayne Florida 33149 USA
| | - Roger M. Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry; University of Miami; Coral Gables Florida 33146 USA
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139
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Zhou Y, Sharma SK, Peng Z, Leblanc RM. Polymers in Carbon Dots: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E67. [PMID: 30970747 PMCID: PMC6432044 DOI: 10.3390/polym9020067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) have been widely studied since their discovery in 2004 as a green substitute of the traditional quantum dots due to their excellent photoluminescence (PL) and high biocompatibility. Meanwhile, polymers have increasingly become an important component for both synthesis and modification of CDs to provide polymeric matrix and enhance their PL property. Furthermore, critical analysis of composites of CDs and polymers has not been available. Herein, in this review, we summarized the use of polymers in the synthesis and functionalization of CDs, and the applications of these CDs in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
| | - Shiv K Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
| | - Zhili Peng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
| | - Roger M Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
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140
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Xu S, Liu Y, Yang H, Zhao K, Li J, Deng A. Fluorescent nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dots from casein and their applications for sensitive detection of Hg 2+ and biothiols and cellular imaging. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 964:150-160. [PMID: 28351631 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dots (NSCDs) were synthesized by a one-step pyrolysis strategy using casein as carbon, nitrogen and sulfur sources, and characterized by UV-vis spectrum, fluorescent spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and FT-IR, etc. The synthesized NSCDs displayed a blue emission under ultraviolet illumination with a quantum yield of 31.8%, and a good aqueous solubility, photostability and biocompatibility. It was found that the fluorescence intensity of NSCDs could be selectively quenched by Hg2+, so NSCDs was used as an effective probe for the detection of Hg2+. The linear range and the limit of detection (LOD) of the fluorescent sensor based on NSCDs for the detection of Hg2+ were 0.01-0.25 μM and 6.5 nM, respectively. Spiked water samples were detected by the sensor with the recovery of 95.4-106.3% and relative standard deviation (RSD) of 3.6-8.6%. It was also observed that the quenched NSCDs-Hg2+ system could be restored by the addition of biothiols such as l-cysteine (Lcy), homocysteine (Hcy) and glutathione (GSH), thus NSCDs-Hg2+ system was employed as a fluorescent sensor for the detection of biothiols. The linear range and LOD of the NSCDs-Hg2+ system were 1-10 μM and 23.6 nM for Lcy, 0.2-2.5 μM and 12.3 nM for Hcy, and 0.1-2.0 μM and 16.8 nM for GSH, respectively. The NSCDs-Hg2+ system was applied for the detection of biothiols in serum samples with satisfied results. In addition, the study in vitro imaging HeLa cells revealed that the synthesized NSCDs could be used as effective fluorescent probes in cellular imaging without noticeable cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouming Xu
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yang Liu
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Rd., Nantong 226019, China
| | - Hong Yang
- College of Pharmacy Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Kang Zhao
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jianguo Li
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Anping Deng
- The Key Lab of Health Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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141
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Lin Q, Mao PP, Liu L, Liu J, Zhang YM, Yao H, Wei TB. A novel water soluble chemosensor based on carboxyl functionalized NDI derivatives for selective detection and facile removal of mercury(ii). RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra28419a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel water-soluble Hg2+ sensor M2 has been designed and synthesized, which can provide a fluorescent “turn-on” response when it detects Hg2+. More meaningfully, the sensor M2 can remove Hg2+ from water effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials
- Ministry of Education of China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
| | - Peng-Peng Mao
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials
- Ministry of Education of China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
| | - Lu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials
- Ministry of Education of China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
| | - Juan Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Northwest University for Nationalities
- Lanzhou
- P. R. China
| | - You-Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials
- Ministry of Education of China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
| | - Hong Yao
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials
- Ministry of Education of China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
| | - Tai-Bao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials
- Ministry of Education of China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
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142
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Chen BB, Li RS, Liu ML, Zhang HZ, Huang CZ. Self-exothermic reaction prompted synthesis of single-layered graphene quantum dots at room temperature. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:4958-4961. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc00546f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
s-GQDs were prepared ultra-rapidly by an efficient self-exothermic reaction and can specifically bind with Al3+ to produce an AIEE effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University)
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
| | - Rong Sheng Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Analysis (Southwest University)
- Chongqing Science & Technology Commission
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400716
| | - Meng Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University)
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
| | - Hong Zhi Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Analysis (Southwest University)
- Chongqing Science & Technology Commission
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400716
| | - Cheng Zhi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University)
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
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143
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Zhang HL, Li WT, Qu WJ, Wei TB, Lin Q, Zhang YM, Yao H. Mercaptooxazole–phenazine based blue fluorescent sensor for the ultra-sensitive detection of mercury(ii) ions in aqueous solution. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra07992c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, a fluorescent sensor based on the mechanism of the deprotonation process was designed and synthesized, which could detect Hg2+ in aqueous solution with remarkable fluorescence color changed (from yellow to light blue).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials
- Ministry of Education of China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
| | - Wen-Ting Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials
- Ministry of Education of China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
| | - Wen-Juan Qu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials
- Ministry of Education of China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
| | - Tai-Bao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials
- Ministry of Education of China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
| | - Qi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials
- Ministry of Education of China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
| | - You-Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials
- Ministry of Education of China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
| | - Hong Yao
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials
- Ministry of Education of China
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
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144
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Ma CF, Gao Q, Zhou J, Chen QX, Han B, Xia KS, Zhou CG. Facile one-pot synthesis of magnetic nitrogen-doped porous carbon for high-performance bilirubin removal from BSA-rich solution. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra25027k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A magnetic nitrogen-doped porous carbon was facilely prepared and exhibited superior adsorption properties for BSA-boned bilirubin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Fang Ma
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Material Science and Chemistry
- China University of Geosciences
- Wuhan 430074
- PR China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Material Science and Chemistry
- China University of Geosciences
- Wuhan 430074
- PR China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Material Science and Chemistry
- China University of Geosciences
- Wuhan 430074
- PR China
| | - Qi-Xuan Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Material Science and Chemistry
- China University of Geosciences
- Wuhan 430074
- PR China
| | - Bo Han
- Sustainable Energy Laboratory
- Faculty of Material Science and Chemistry
- China University of Geosciences
- Wuhan 430074
- PR China
| | - Kai-Sheng Xia
- Sustainable Energy Laboratory
- Faculty of Material Science and Chemistry
- China University of Geosciences
- Wuhan 430074
- PR China
| | - Cheng-Gang Zhou
- Sustainable Energy Laboratory
- Faculty of Material Science and Chemistry
- China University of Geosciences
- Wuhan 430074
- PR China
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145
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Zhou J, Zhou H, Tang J, Deng S, Yan F, Li W, Qu M. Carbon dots doped with heteroatoms for fluorescent bioimaging: a review. Mikrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-016-2043-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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146
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Zhang JH, Niu A, Li J, Fu JW, Xu Q, Pei DS. In vivo characterization of hair and skin derived carbon quantum dots with high quantum yield as long-term bioprobes in zebrafish. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37860. [PMID: 27886267 PMCID: PMC5122948 DOI: 10.1038/srep37860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CDs) were widely investigated because of their tunable fluorescence properties and low toxicity. However, so far there have been no reports on in vivo functional studies of hair and skin derived CDs. Here, hair derived CDs (HCDs) and skin derived CDs (SCDs) were produced by using human hair and pig skin as precursors. The quantum yields (QYs) of HCDs and SCDs were quite high, compared to citric acid derived CDs (CCDs). HCDs and SCDs possess optimal photostability, hypotoxicity and biocompatibility in zebrafish, indicating that HCDs and SCDs possess the capacity of being used as fluorescence probes for in vivo biological imaging. The long-time observation for fluorescence alternation of CDs in zebrafish and the quenching assay of CDs by ATP, NADH and Fe3+ ions demonstrated that the decaying process of CDs in vivo might be induced by the synergistic effect of the metabolism process. All results indicated that large batches and high QYs of CDs can be acquired by employing natural and nontoxic hair and skin as precursors. To our knowledge, this is the first time to report SCDs, in vivo comparative studies of HCDs, SCDs and CCDs as bioprobes, and explore their mechanism of photostability in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Hui Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Aping Niu
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Jian-Wei Fu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Qun Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - De-Sheng Pei
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
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147
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Fan Y, Guo X, Zhang Y, Lv Y, Zhao J, Liu X. Efficient and Stable Red Emissive Carbon Nanoparticles with a Hollow Sphere Structure for White Light-Emitting Diodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:31863-31870. [PMID: 27807978 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b10654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Red-emissive solid-state carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) with a hollow sphere structure for white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) were designed and synthesized by molecular self-assembly and microwave pyrolysis. Highly ordered graphite-like structures for CNPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy. The emission mechanism of the red-emissive solid-state CNPs was investigated in detail by steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The as-prepared CNPs showed a red emission band centered at 620 nm with excitation wavelength independence, indicating uniform size of sp2 carbon domains in the CNPs. The CNPs also had a PL quantum yield (QY) of 17% under 380 nm excitation. Significantly, the PL QY of the organosilane-functionalized CNPs was 47%, which is the highest value recorded for red-emissive solid-state carbon-based materials under UV-light excitation. More importantly, the red-emissive CNPs exhibited a PL QY of 25% after storage in air for 12 months, indicating their excellent stability. The red-emissive CNP powders were used as environmentally friendly and low-cost phosphors on a commercial 460 nm blue GaN-based chip, and a pure white light with CIE coordinates of (0.35, 0.36) was achieved. The experimental results indicated that the red-emissive CNP phosphors have potential applications in WLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130033, China
| | - Xiaoyang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130033, China
| | - Yongqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130033, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100039, China
| | - Ying Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130033, China
| | - Jialong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Normal University , Siping 136000, China
| | - Xingyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130033, China
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148
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Xu Q, Liu Y, Su R, Cai L, Li B, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Wang Y, Wang Y, Li N, Gong X, Gu Z, Chen Y, Tan Y, Dong C, Sreeprasad TS. Highly fluorescent Zn-doped carbon dots as Fenton reaction-based bio-sensors: an integrative experimental-theoretical consideration. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:17919-17927. [PMID: 27725980 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr05434j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Heteroatom doped carbon dots (CDs), with high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), are of keen interest in various applications such as chemical sensors, bio-imaging, electronics, and photovoltaics. Zinc, an important element assisting the electron-transfer process and an essential trace element for cells, is a promising metal dopant for CDs, which could potentially lead to multifunctional CDs. In this contribution, we report a single-step, high efficiency, hydrothermal method to synthesize Zn-doped carbon dots (Zn-CDs) with a superior PLQY. The PLQY and luminescence characteristic of Zn-CDs can be tuned by controlling the precursor ratio, and the surface oxidation in the CDs. Though a few studies have reported metal doped CDs with good PLQY, the as prepared Zn-Cds in the present method exhibited a PLQY up to 32.3%. To the best of our knowledge, there is no report regarding the facile preparation of single metal-doped CDs with a QY more than 30%. Another unique attribute of the Zn-CDs is the high monodispersity and the resultant highly robust excitation-independent luminescence that is stable over a broad range of pH values. Spectroscopic investigations indicated that the superior PLQY and luminescence of Zn-CDs are due to the heteroatom directed, oxidized carbon-based surface passivation. Furthermore, we developed a novel and sensitive biosensor for the detection of hydrogen peroxide and glucose leveraging the robust fluorescence properties of Zn-CDs. Under optimal conditions, Zn-CDs demonstrated high sensitivity and response to hydrogen peroxide and glucose over a wide range of concentrations, with a linear range of 10-80 μM and 5-100 μM, respectively, indicating their great potential as a fluorescent probe for chemical sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Institute of New Energy, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing, 102249, China.
| | - Yao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Institute of New Energy, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing, 102249, China.
| | - Rigu Su
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Institute of New Energy, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing, 102249, China.
| | - Lulu Cai
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610072, P. R China.
| | - Bofan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Institute of New Energy, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing, 102249, China.
| | - Yingyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Institute of New Energy, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing, 102249, China.
| | - Linzhou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Institute of New Energy, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing, 102249, China.
| | - Yajun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Institute of New Energy, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing, 102249, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610072, P. R China.
| | - Neng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China.
| | - Xiao Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China.
| | - Zhipeng Gu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yusheng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron, Ohio, 44325, USA
| | - Yanglan Tan
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Chenbo Dong
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
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149
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Xu Q, Kuang T, Liu Y, Cai L, Peng X, Sreenivasan Sreeprasad T, Zhao P, Yu Z, Li N. Heteroatom-doped carbon dots: synthesis, characterization, properties, photoluminescence mechanism and biological applications. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:7204-7219. [PMID: 32263722 DOI: 10.1039/c6tb02131j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Heteroatom-doped carbon dots (CDs), due to their excellent photoluminescence (PL) properties, attracted widespread attention recently and demonstrated immense promise for diverse applications, particularly for biological applications. The objective of this feature article is to provide a comprehensive overview of the recent progress in the research and development of heteroatom-doped CDs and a detailed description of the influence of single or co-doping heteroatoms on their PL behavior. The most recent understanding and critical insights into the PL mechanism of heteroatom-doped CDs are also highlighted. Moreover, potential bio-related applications of heteroatom-doped CDs in biosensing, bioimaging, and theranostics are also reviewed. This state-of-the-art review will provide a platform for understanding the intricate details of heteroatom-doped CDs, a summary of the latest progress in the field, and related applications in biology and is expected to inspire further developments in this exciting class of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing, 102249, China.
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150
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Chechetka SA, Miyako E. Optical Regulation of Carbon Nanodots by Chemical Functionalization. CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.160429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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