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Kirschling TL, Gregory KB, Minkley EG, Lowry GV, Tilton RD. Impact of nanoscale zero valent iron on geochemistry and microbial populations in trichloroethylene contaminated aquifer materials. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2010; 44:3474-80. [PMID: 20350000 DOI: 10.1021/es903744f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale zerovalent iron (NZVI) particles are a promising technology for reducing trichloroethylene (TCE) contamination in the subsurface. Prior to injecting large quantities of nanoparticles into the groundwater it is important to understand what impact the particles will have on the geochemistry and indigenous microbial communities. Microbial populations are important not only for nutrient cycling, but also for contaminant remediation and heavy metal immobilization. Microcosms were used to determine the effects of NZVI addition on three different aquifer materials from TCE contaminated sites in Alameda Point, CA, Mancelona, MI, and Parris Island, SC. The oxidation and reduction potential of the microcosms consistently decreased by more than 400 mV when NZVI was added at 1.5 g/L concentrations. Sulfate concentrations decreased in the two coastal aquifer materials, and methane was observed in the presence of NZVI in Alameda Point microcosms, but not in the other two materials. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) showed significant shifts in Eubacterial diversity just after the Fe(0) was exhausted, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analyses showed increases of the dissimilatory sulfite reductase gene (dsrA) and Archaeal 16s rRNA genes, indicating that reducing conditions and hydrogen created by NZVI stimulate both sulfate reducer and methanogen populations. Adding NZVI had no deleterious effect on total bacterial abundance in the microcosms. NZVI with a biodegradable polyaspartate coating increased bacterial populations by an order of magnitude relative to controls. The lack of broad bactericidal effect, combined with the stimulatory effect of polyaspartate coatings, has positive implications for NZVI field applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa L Kirschling
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology (CEINT), Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
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Yamaguchi S, Tatsumi T, Takehara T, Sasakawa A, Yamamoto M, Kohga K, Miyagi T, Kanto T, Hiramastu N, Akagi T, Akashi M, Hayashi N. EphA2-derived peptide vaccine with amphiphilic poly(gamma-glutamic acid) nanoparticles elicits an anti-tumor effect against mouse liver tumor. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2010; 59:759-67. [PMID: 19943047 PMCID: PMC11030875 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-009-0796-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2009] [Accepted: 11/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The prognosis of liver cancer remains poor, but recent advances in nanotechnology offer promising possibilities for cancer treatment. Novel adjuvant, amphiphilic nanoparticles (NPs) composed of L: -phenylalanine (Phe)-conjugated poly(gamma-glutamic acid) (gamma-PGA-Phe NPs) having excellent capacity for carrying peptides, were found to have the potential for use as a peptide vaccine against tumor models overexpressing artificial antigens, such as ovalbumin (OVA). However, the anti-tumor potential of gamma-PGA-Phe NPs vaccines using much less immunogenic tumor-associated antigen (TAA)-derived peptide needs to be clarified. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of immunization with EphA2, recently identified TAA, derived peptide-immobilized gamma-PGA-Phe NPs (Eph-NPs) against mouse liver tumor of MC38 cells (EphA2-positive colon cancer cells). Immunization of normal mice with Eph-NPs resulted in generation of EphA2-specific type-1 CD8+ T cells. Immunization with Eph-NPs tended to provide a degree of anti-MC38 liver tumor protection more than that observed for immunization with the mixture of EphA2-derived peptide and complete Freund's adjuvant (Eph + CFA). Neither Eph-NPs nor Eph + CFA vaccines inhibited tumor growth of BL6, EphA2-negative melanoma cells. Splenocytes isolated from MC38-bearing mice treated with Eph-NPs showed strong and specific cytotoxic activity against MC38 cells. Immunization with Eph + CFA induced liver damage as evidenced by elevation of serum alanine aminotransferase, while Eph-NPs vaccination did not exhibit any toxic damage to the liver. These results demonstrated that immunization with Eph-NPs displayed anti-tumor effects against liver tumor by generating acquired immunity equivalent to the toxic adjuvant CFA, suggesting that safe gamma-PGA-Phe NPs could be applied clinically for the vaccine treatment of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinjiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohide Tatsumi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Takehara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Sasakawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masashi Yamamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kohga
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Takuya Miyagi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kanto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Naoki Hiramastu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Takami Akagi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Akashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norio Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Tokyo, Japan
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103
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Park JH, Moon JR, Hong KH, Kim JH. Photo-crosslinked polyaspartamide hybrid gel containing thermo-responsive Pluronic triblock copolymer. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-010-9415-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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104
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Sutthasupa S, Shiotsuki M, Matsuoka H, Masuda T, Sanda F. Ring-Opening Metathesis Block Copolymerization of Amino Acid Functionalized Norbornene Monomers. Effects of Solvent and pH on Micelle Formation. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma902405g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sutthira Sutthasupa
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura Campus, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Masashi Shiotsuki
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura Campus, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Hideki Matsuoka
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura Campus, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Toshio Masuda
- Department of Environmental and Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Fukui University of Technology, 3-6-1 Gakuen, Fukui 910-8505, Japan
| | - Fumio Sanda
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura Campus, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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105
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Kimura K, Fujimoto Z. Enzymatic Degradation of Poly-Gamma-Glutamic Acid. AMINO-ACID HOMOPOLYMERS OCCURRING IN NATURE 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-12453-2_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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106
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Yang J, Wang F, Tan T. Degradation behavior of hydrogel based on crosslinked poly(aspartic acid). J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.31943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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107
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Moon JR, Kim JH. Biodegradable stimuli-responsive hydrogels based on amphiphilic polyaspartamides with tertiary amine pendent groups. POLYM INT 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.2740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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108
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Takeuchi Y, Tsujimoto T, Uyama H. Fabrication of a Thermoresponsive Surface by Photocrosslinking Amphiphilic Poly(amino acid)s. CHEM LETT 2009. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2009.1068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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109
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Sallam A, Steinbüchel A. Cyanophycin-degrading bacteria in digestive tracts of mammals, birds and fish and consequences for possible applications of cyanophycin and its dipeptides in nutrition and therapy. J Appl Microbiol 2009; 107:474-84. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04221.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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110
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Yang J, Wang F, Tan T. Controlling degradation and physical properties of chemical sand fixing agent-poly(aspartic acid) by crosslinking density and composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/app.29003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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111
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Qu J, Sanda F, Masuda T. Synthesis and chiroptical properties of amino acid-derived poly(methylpropargyl ester)s. Eur Polym J 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2008.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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112
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Wang L, Wang Y, Cao D. Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Biodegradable Polyamides Containingα-amino Acid. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10601320802637441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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113
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Synthesis and characterization of a novel soil stabilizer based on biodegradable poly(aspartic acid) hydrogel. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-008-0176-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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114
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pH-Responsive Self-Assembly and conformational transition of partially propyl-esterified poly(α,β-l-aspartic acid) as amphiphilic biodegradable polyanion. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2009; 68:13-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2008.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2008] [Revised: 08/27/2008] [Accepted: 08/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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115
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Biotechnological process for production of beta-dipeptides from cyanophycin on a technical scale and its optimization. Appl Environ Microbiol 2008; 75:29-38. [PMID: 18978083 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01344-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A triphasic process was developed for the production of beta dipeptides from cyanophycin (CGP) on a large scale. Phase I comprises an optimized acid extraction method for technical isolation of CGP from biomass. It yielded highly purified CGP consisting of aspartate, arginine, and a little lysine. Phase II comprises the fermentative production of an extracellular CGPase (CphE(al)) from Pseudomonas alcaligenes strain DIP1 on a 500-liter scale in mineral salts medium, with citrate as the sole carbon source and CGP as an inductor. During optimization, it was shown that 2 g liter(-1) citrate, pH 6.5, and 37 degrees C are ideal parameters for CphE(al) production. Maximum enzyme yields were obtained after induction in the presence of 50 mg liter(-1) CGP or CGP dipeptides for 5 or 3 h, respectively. Aspartate at a concentration of 4 g liter(-1) induced CphE(al) production with only about 30% efficiency in comparison to that with CGP. CphE(al) was purified utilizing its affinity for the substrate and its specific binding to CGP. CphE(al) turned out to be a serine protease with maximum activity at 50 degrees C and at pH 7 to 8.5. Phase III comprises degradation of CGP to beta-aspartate-arginine and beta-aspartate-lysine dipeptides with a purity of over 99% (by thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography), employing a crude CphE(al) preparation. Optimum degradation parameters were 100 g liter(-1) CGP, 10 g liter(-1) crude CphE(al) powder, and 4 h of incubation at 50 degrees C. The overall efficiency of phase III was 91%, while 78% (wt/wt) of the used CphE(al) powder with sustained activity toward CGP was recovered. The optimized process was performed with industrial materials and equipment and is applicable to any desired scale.
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116
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Buescher JM, Margaritis A. Microbial Biosynthesis of Polyglutamic Acid Biopolymer and Applications in the Biopharmaceutical, Biomedical and Food Industries. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2008; 27:1-19. [PMID: 17364686 DOI: 10.1080/07388550601166458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This review article provides an updated critical literature review on the production and applications of Polyglutamic Acid (PGA). alpha-PGA is synthesized chemically, whereas gamma-PGA can be produced by a number of microbial species, most prominently various Bacilli. Great insight into the microbial formation of gamma-PGA has been gained thanks to the development of molecular biological techniques. Moreover, there is a great variety of applications for both isoforms of PGA, many of which have not been discovered until recently. These applications include: wastewater treatment, food products, drug delivery, medical adhesives, vaccines, PGA nanoparticles for on-site drug release in cancer chemotherapy, and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joerg M Buescher
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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117
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Moon JR, Kim JH. Biodegradable thermo- and ph-responsive hydrogels based on amphiphilic polyaspartamide derivatives containingN,N-Diisopropylamine pendants. Macromol Res 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03218549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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118
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Anaerobic and aerobic degradation of cyanophycin by the denitrifying bacterium Pseudomonas alcaligenes strain DIP1 and role of three other coisolates in a mixed bacterial consortium. Appl Environ Microbiol 2008; 74:3434-43. [PMID: 18424548 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02575-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Four bacterial strains were isolated from a cyanophycin granule polypeptide (CGP)-degrading anaerobic consortium, identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and assigned to species of the genera Pseudomonas, Enterococcus, Clostridium, and Paenibacillus. The consortium member responsible for CGP degradation was assigned as Pseudomonas alcaligenes strain DIP1. The growth of and CGP degradation by strain DIP1 under anaerobic conditions were enhanced but not dependent on the presence of nitrate as an electron acceptor. CGP was hydrolyzed to its constituting beta-Asp-Arg dipeptides, which were then completely utilized within 25 and 4 days under anaerobic and aerobic conditions, respectively. The end products of CGP degradation by strain DIP1 were alanine, succinate, and ornithine as determined by high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. The facultative anaerobic Enterococcus casseliflavus strain ELS3 and the strictly anaerobic Clostridium sulfidogenes strain SGB2 were coisolates and utilized the beta-linked isodipeptides from the common pool available to the mixed consortium, while the fourth isolate, Paenibacillus odorifer strain PNF4, did not play a direct role in the biodegradation of CGP. Several syntrophic interactions affecting CGP degradation, such as substrate utilization, the reduction of electron acceptors, and aeration, were elucidated. This study demonstrates the first investigation of CGP degradation under both anaerobic and aerobic conditions by one bacterial strain, with regard to the physiological role of other bacteria in a mixed consortium.
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119
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Tanisaka H, Kizaka-Kondoh S, Makino A, Tanaka S, Hiraoka M, Kimura S. Near-Infrared Fluorescent Labeled Peptosome for Application to Cancer Imaging. Bioconjug Chem 2007; 19:109-17. [DOI: 10.1021/bc7001665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Tanisaka
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan, and Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shinae Kizaka-Kondoh
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan, and Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Akira Makino
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan, and Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shotaro Tanaka
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan, and Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hiraoka
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan, and Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shunsaku Kimura
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto-Daigaku-Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan, and Department of Radiation Oncology and Image-Applied Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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120
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Yang J, Cao H, Wang F, Tan T. Application and appreciation of chemical sand fixing agent-poly (aspartic acid) and its composites. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2007; 150:381-4. [PMID: 17628237 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2007.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2007] [Revised: 04/19/2007] [Accepted: 05/03/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The sand fixing agent-poly (aspartic acid) (PASP) and its composites were applied in the field by two forms (spraying around by PASP solution and PASP powder directly). It was found that the sand fixing effect in powder form was not as good as in solution form, but it was more practical in dry region. It needed 9, 6 and 7 days for PASP, xanthan gum-PASP (X2) and ethyl cellulose-PASP (E3) to attain the maximal mechanical strength after they were applied, respectively. The sand fixing effect decreased when the material was subjected to repeated hydration-dehydration cycles and the material had no negative influence on plant growth. The PASP and its composites had water-retaining ability and could reduce the water evaporation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
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121
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Biosynthesis of nearly monodispersed poly(ε-l-lysine) in Streptomyces species. Biotechnol Lett 2007; 30:377-85. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-007-9563-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2007] [Accepted: 10/02/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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122
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Akagi T, Baba M, Akashi M. Preparation of nanoparticles by the self-organization of polymers consisting of hydrophobic and hydrophilic segments: Potential applications. POLYMER 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2007.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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123
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Mooibroek H, Oosterhuis N, Giuseppin M, Toonen M, Franssen H, Scott E, Sanders J, Steinbüchel A. Assessment of technological options and economical feasibility for cyanophycin biopolymer and high-value amino acid production. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2007; 77:257-67. [PMID: 17876577 PMCID: PMC2043089 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-007-1178-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2007] [Revised: 08/22/2007] [Accepted: 08/24/2007] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Major transitions can be expected within the next few decades aiming at the reduction of pollution and global warming and at energy saving measures. For these purposes, new sustainable biorefinery concepts will be needed that will replace the traditional mineral oil-based synthesis of specialty and bulk chemicals. An important group of these chemicals are those that comprise N-functionalities. Many plant components contained in biomass rest or waste stream fractions contain these N-functionalities in proteins and free amino acids that can be used as starting materials for the synthesis of biopolymers and chemicals. This paper describes the economic and technological feasibility for cyanophycin production by fermentation of the potato waste stream Protamylassetrade mark or directly in plants and its subsequent conversion to a number of N-containing bulk chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Mooibroek
- Wageningen University and Research Centre, , P.O. Box 17, NL-6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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124
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Radu JÉF, Novak L, Hartmann JF, Beheshti N, Kjøniksen AL, Nyström B, Borbély J. Structural and dynamical characterization of poly-gamma-glutamic acid-based cross-linked nanoparticles. Colloid Polym Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-007-1776-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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125
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Synthesis of regioisomeric, stereoregular AABB-type polyamides from chiral diamines and diacids derived from natural amino acids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2007.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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126
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127
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Watanabe E, Tomoshige N, Uyama H. New Biodegradable and Thermoresponsive Polymers Based on Amphiphilic Poly(asparagine) Derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.200750428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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128
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Geueke B, Kohler HPE. Bacterial β-peptidyl aminopeptidases: on the hydrolytic degradation of β-peptides. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2007; 74:1197-204. [PMID: 17318535 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-007-0872-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2007] [Revised: 01/26/2007] [Accepted: 01/30/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The special chemical and biological features of beta-peptides have been investigated intensively during recent years. Many studies emphasize the restricted biodegradability and the high metabolic stability of this class of compounds. beta-Peptidyl aminopeptidases form the first family of enzymes that hydrolyze a variety of short beta-peptides and beta-amino-acid-containing peptides. All representatives of this family were isolated from Gram-negative bacteria. The substrate specificities of the peptidases vary greatly, but the enzymes have common structural properties, and a similar reaction mechanism can be expected. This review gives an overview on the beta-peptidyl aminopeptidases with emphasis on their biochemical and structural properties. Their possible physiological function is discussed. Functionally and structurally related enzymes are compared to the beta-peptidyl aminopeptidases.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Geueke
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Ueberlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.
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129
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Shimokuri T, Kaneko T, Akashi M. Effects of Thermoresponsive Coacervation on the Hydrolytic Degradation of Amphipathic Poly(γ-glutamate)s. Macromol Biosci 2006; 6:942-51. [PMID: 17099867 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.200600183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Hydrolytic properties of thermoresponsive biopolymers with amphiphilic structures, gamma-PGA-P, were investigated. Hydrolysis was monitored in terms of molecular weight changes using GPC and spectroscopic measurements. The hydrolytic degradation of gamma-PGA-P was controlled by a change in the degree of propyl group conversion, reaction temperature, and/or reaction pH. The degradation was classified as the rapid elimination of propyl side chains and the moderate cleavage of peptide linkages in the backbone. Furthermore, hydrophobic environments established by the thermoresponsive coacervation of gamma-PGA-P60 solutions inhibited hydrolytic degradation reactions. Inversely, hydrolytic degradations increased coacervation temperatures. Kinetic studies of hydrolytic reactions suggest that the degradation rate of gamma-PGA-P60 solutions can be controlled by their thermoresponsivity. The hydrolysis reported here represents the first degradation rate controlled by thermoresponsive coacervation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiki Shimokuri
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka Suita, 565-0871, Japan
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130
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Akagi T, Kaneko T, Kida T, Akashi M. Preparation and characterization of biodegradable nanoparticles based on poly(gamma-glutamic acid) with l-phenylalanine as a protein carrier. J Control Release 2005; 108:226-36. [PMID: 16125267 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2005.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2005] [Revised: 08/04/2005] [Accepted: 08/08/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to prepare nanoparticles composed of poly(gamma-glutamic acid) (gamma-PGA) and l-phenylalanine ethylester (l-PAE) in order to evaluate the possibility of using these nanoparticles as protein carriers. Novel amphiphilic graft copolymers composed of gamma-PGA as the hydrophilic backbone and l-PAE as the hydrophobic segment were successfully synthesized by grafting l-PAE to gamma-PGA using water-soluble carbodiimide (WSC). Due to their amphiphilic properties, the gamma-PGA-graft-l-PAE copolymers were able to form nanoparticles. The size of the gamma-PGA nanoparticles was measured by photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS) and showed a monodispersed size distribution with a mean diameter ranging from 150 to 200 nm. The solvents selected to prepare the gamma-PGA nanoparticles by a precipitation and dialysis method affected the particle size distribution. To evaluate the feasibility of vehicles for these proteins, we prepared protein-loaded gamma-PGA nanoparticles by surface immobilization and encapsulation methods. Ovalbumin (OVA) was used as a model protein and was immobilized onto the gamma-PGA nanoparticles or encapsulated into the inner core of these nanoparticles. Moreover, these OVA-encapsulated gamma-PGA nanoparticles could be preserved by freeze-drying process. The results of cytotoxicity tests showed that the gamma-PGA and gamma-PGA nanoparticles did not cause any relevant cell damage. It is expected that biodegradable gamma-PGA nanoparticles can immobilize proteins, peptides, plasmid DNA and drugs onto their surfaces and/or into the nanoparticles. These nanoparticles are potentially useful in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takami Akagi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
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131
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Obst M, Krug A, Luftmann H, Steinbüchel A. Degradation of cyanophycin by Sedimentibacter hongkongensis strain KI and Citrobacter amalonaticus strain G Isolated from an anaerobic bacterial consortium. Appl Environ Microbiol 2005; 71:3642-52. [PMID: 16000772 PMCID: PMC1169039 DOI: 10.1128/aem.71.7.3642-3652.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2004] [Accepted: 02/02/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Using a combination of various enrichment techniques, the strictly anaerobic, gram-positive, endospore-forming bacterium Sedimentibacter hongkongensis strain KI as revealed by 16S rRNA analysis and the gram-negative enterobacterium Citrobacter amalonaticus strain G as revealed by physiological tests were isolated from an anaerobic cyanophycin (CGP)-degrading bacterial consortium. S. hongkongensis strain KI is the first anaerobic bacterium with the ability to hydrolyze CGP to beta-Asp-Arg and beta-Asp-Lys dipeptides, as revealed by electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. However, these primary accumulated hydrolysis products were only partially used by S. hongkongensis strain KI, and significant growth on CGP did not occur. On the other hand, C. amalonaticus strain G did not degrade CGP but grew on the beta-linked iso-dipeptides formed in vitro by enzymatic CGP degradation or in vivo by metabolic activity of S. hongkongensis strain KI. Dipeptide utilization occurred at the highest rate if both strains were used in cocultivation experiments with CGP, indicating that cooperation between different bacteria occurs in anaerobic natural environments for complete CGP turnover. The amino acids obtained from the cleavage of dipeptides were fermented to ethanol, acetic acid, and succinic acid, as revealed by gas chromatographic analysis and by spectrophotometric enzyme assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Obst
- Institut für Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 3, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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132
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Watanabe E, Tomoshige N. Preparation and Physical Properties of Thermoresponsive Biodegradable Poly(asparagine) Derivatives. CHEM LETT 2005. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2005.876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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133
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Takeuchi Y, Uyama H, Tomoshige N, Watanabe E, Tachibana Y, Kobayashi S. Injectable thermoreversible hydrogels based on amphiphilic poly(amino acid)s. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.21189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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