101
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Pirio N, Bredeau S, Dupuis L, Schütz P, Donnadieu B, Igau A, Majoral JP, Guillemin JC, Meunier P. Intramolecular coupling of acetylenic groups of bis(alkynyl)phosphanes and silanes mediated by benzynezirconocene: a route to new mono- and tricyclic heterocycles. Tetrahedron 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2003.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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102
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The Literature of Heterocyclic Chemistry, Part VIII, 1999–2001. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2725(04)87001-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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103
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Driess M, Monsé C, Bläser D, Boese R, Bornemann H, Kuhn A, Sander W. Synthesis and molecular structure of fluoro(triphosphanyl)silane and attempts to synthesize a silylidyne–phosphane. J Organomet Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(03)00725-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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104
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105
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Ito S, Kimura S, Yoshifuji M. Preparation, structure, and reaction of a sterically encumbered 1-phosphaallene containing a cyclopropylidene moiety. Org Lett 2003; 5:1111-4. [PMID: 12659586 DOI: 10.1021/ol0341750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] Sterically protected (Z)-1-(2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl)-2,5-dibromo-1-phosphapent-1-ene was allowed to react with potassium tert-butoxide to afford a cyclopropylidenephosphaethene, which was characterized spectroscopically and by X-ray crystallography. Construction of the cycloalkyl groups and isomerization of 1-phosphapenta-1,2,4-trienes to cyclopropylidenephosphaethenes are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigekazu Ito
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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106
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Ishida S, Iwamoto T, Kabuto C, Kira M. A stable silicon-based allene analogue with a formally sp-hybridized silicon atom. Nature 2003; 421:725-7. [PMID: 12610620 DOI: 10.1038/nature01380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2002] [Accepted: 12/17/2002] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Carbon chemistry exhibits a rich variety in bonding patterns, with homo- or heteronuclear multiple bonds involving sp-hybridized carbon atoms as found in molecules such as acetylenes, nitriles, allenes and carbon dioxide. Carbon's heavier homologues in group 14 of the periodic table--including silicon, germanium and tin--were long thought incapable of forming multiple bonds because of the less effective p(pi)-p(pi) orbital overlap involved in the multiple bonds. However, bulky substituents can protect unsaturated bonds and stabilize compounds with formally sp-hybridized heavy group-14 atoms: stable germanium, tin and lead analogues of acetylene derivatives and a marginally stable tristannaallene have now been reported. However, no stable silicon compounds with formal sp-silicon atoms have been isolated. Evidence for the existence of a persistent disilaacetylene and trapping of transient 2-silaallenes and other X = Si = X' type compounds (X, X' = O, CR2, NR, and so on) are also known, but stable silicon compounds with formally sp-hybridized silicon atoms have not yet been isolated. Here we report the synthesis of a thermally stable, crystalline trisilaallene derivative containing a formally sp-hybridized silicon atom. We find that, in contrast to linear carbon allenes, the trisilaallene is significantly bent. The central silicon in the molecule is dynamically disordered, which we ascribe to ready rotation of the central silicon atom around the molecular axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ishida
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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107
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Saur I, Rima G, Gornitzka H, Miqueu K, Barrau J. Heteronuclear Multiple Bonding between Heavier Group 14 and 16 Elements. A New Class of Germylated Compounds, the Germanethiocarbamyl and Germaneselenocarbamyl Chlorides L2(Cl)GeY (Y = S, Se). Organometallics 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/om0208974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Saur
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée, UMR 5069, Université Paul Sabatier, 118, route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 04, France
| | - Ghassoub Rima
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée, UMR 5069, Université Paul Sabatier, 118, route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 04, France
| | - Heinz Gornitzka
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée, UMR 5069, Université Paul Sabatier, 118, route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 04, France
| | - Karinne Miqueu
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée, UMR 5069, Université Paul Sabatier, 118, route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 04, France
| | - Jacques Barrau
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée, UMR 5069, Université Paul Sabatier, 118, route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex 04, France
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108
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109
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadejda Sigal
- Department of Chemistry and the Lise Meitner−Minerva Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32 000, Israel
| | - Yitzhak Apeloig
- Department of Chemistry and the Lise Meitner−Minerva Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32 000, Israel
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110
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Bouslikhane M, Gornitzka H, Ranaivonjatovo H, Escudié J. From the New Arsaalkene ArAsC(Br)SiMe3 to the First Stable Arsaallene, ArAsCCR2 (Ar = 2,4,6-Tri-tert-butylphenyl, CR2 = Fluorenylidene). Organometallics 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/om011075u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mereyim Bouslikhane
- Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée, UMR 5069, Université P. Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 04, France
| | - Heinz Gornitzka
- Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée, UMR 5069, Université P. Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 04, France
| | - Henri Ranaivonjatovo
- Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée, UMR 5069, Université P. Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 04, France
| | - Jean Escudié
- Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée, UMR 5069, Université P. Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 04, France
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111
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Yamada N, Abe K, Toyota K, Yoshifuji M. Preparation of sterically protected 3,4-bis[(2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl)phosphinidene]cyclobutene derivatives having ring-fused structures. Org Lett 2002; 4:569-72. [PMID: 11843593 DOI: 10.1021/ol017169h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] Sterically protected 3,4-diphosphinidenecyclobutenes, having ring-fused structures, were prepared. Structures of 8,9-bis[(2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl)phosphinidene]bicyclo[5.2.0]non-1(7)-ene and its dichloropalladium(II) complex were analyzed by X-ray crystallography. A geometrical change induced by the complex formation was exhibited by X-ray crystallographic analysis. The geometrical change in solution was also suggested by (1)H NMR spectroscopy in CDCl(3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Yamada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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112
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Harouch YE, Gornitzka H, Ranaivonjatovo H, Escudié J. The first stable 3,1-germaphosphaallene Tip(t-Bu)GeCPAr. J Organomet Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(01)01223-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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113
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Baba G, Tea C, Touré S, Lesvier M, Denis JM. Tandem eneyne-phosphaallene/Myers type cyclization via base-induced isomerisation of enediynephosphine. J Organomet Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(01)01392-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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114
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Priyakumar UD, Sastry GN. A theoretical study of the structures, energetics, stabilities, reactivities, and out-of-plane distortive tendencies of skeletally substituted benzenes (CH)(5)XH and (CH)(4)(XH)(2) (X = B(-), N(+), Al(-), Si, P(+), Ga(-), Ge, and As(+)). J Org Chem 2002; 67:271-81. [PMID: 11777471 DOI: 10.1021/jo0161781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ab initio molecular orbital theory at Hartree-Fock (HF), post-Hartree-Fock (MP2 and CCSD(T)), and the hybrid density functional theory (B3LYP) calculations were done on the mono-(CH)(5)XH and diskeletally substituted (CH)(4)(XH)(2) benzenes (X = B(-), N(+), Al(-), Si, P(+), Ga(-), Ge, and As(+)). The computed relative energies of the disubstituted isomers show interesting trends. While the ortho-isomer is the most stable for X = Ga(-), Ge, and As(+), meta was found to be the most stable for X = B(-), N(+), Al(-) and Si, and para was found to be the most stable for X = P(+). Various intricate factors that govern the relative stabilities, such as the sum of bond strengths in the twin Kekule forms, rule of topological charge stabilization (TCS), and electrostatic repulsion were critically examined. The sum of bond strengths in the twin Kekule forms was proved to be quite a successful measure in predicting the relative stability orders between ortho- and meta-/para-isomers. The rule of TCS breaks down especially in the presence of overwhelming factors such as the differences in the cumulative bond strengths of the two positional isomers; however, the stability ordering between the para- and meta-isomers is successfully predicted in most cases. The tendency for ring puckering increases a great deal especially when the substituents are from 3rd or 4th row. Extension of the popular inverse relationship between the thermodynamic stability and reactivity was found to be inapplicable for this class of compounds. The computed singlet-triplet energy differences and the chemical hardness (eta) values indicate that the skeletal substitution weakens the pi-strength of the benzenoid system and increases their reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Deva Priyakumar
- Department of Chemistry, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry-605 014, India
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115
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Rode JE, Dobrowolski JC, Borowiak MA, Mazurek AP. A theoretical study on the stability and spectra of cycloaddition products: Methylene-β-lactam isomers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1039/b200625c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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116
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Sidorenkova H, Chentit M, Choua S, Geoffroy M, Ellinger Y. Characterization of transient radicals in the reduction product of the –PCCP– system: EPR and theoretical studies. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1039/b205848k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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117
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Sigal N, Apeloig Y. Are disilacyclopropylidenes and their carbenoids good precursors for the unknown 1,3-disilaallenes? J Organomet Chem 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(01)00996-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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118
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Chentit M, Sidorenkova H, Choua S, Geoffroy M, Ellinger Y, Bernardinelli G. EPR and theoretical studies of the reduction product of the fulvenephosphaallene system. J Organomet Chem 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(01)01098-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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119
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Bouslikhane M, Gornitzka H, Escudié J, Ranaivonjatovo H, Ramdane H. The First Diarsaallene ArAsCAsAr (Ar = 2,4,6-Tri-tert-butylphenyl). J Am Chem Soc 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ja001758l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mereyim Bouslikhane
- Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée UMR 5069, Université P. Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 04, France Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Organométallique Faculté des Sciences El-Jadida, BP 20 24000 El-Jadida, Morocco
| | - Heinz Gornitzka
- Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée UMR 5069, Université P. Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 04, France Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Organométallique Faculté des Sciences El-Jadida, BP 20 24000 El-Jadida, Morocco
| | - Jean Escudié
- Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée UMR 5069, Université P. Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 04, France Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Organométallique Faculté des Sciences El-Jadida, BP 20 24000 El-Jadida, Morocco
| | - Henri Ranaivonjatovo
- Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée UMR 5069, Université P. Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 04, France Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Organométallique Faculté des Sciences El-Jadida, BP 20 24000 El-Jadida, Morocco
| | - Hassan Ramdane
- Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée UMR 5069, Université P. Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 04, France Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Organométallique Faculté des Sciences El-Jadida, BP 20 24000 El-Jadida, Morocco
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