101
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Renault M, Cukkemane A, Baldus M. Festkörper-NMR-Spektroskopie an komplexen Biomolekülen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201002823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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102
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Renault M, Cukkemane A, Baldus M. Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy on Complex Biomolecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:8346-57. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201002823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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103
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Siddiqua A, Margittai M. Three- and four-repeat Tau coassemble into heterogeneous filaments: an implication for Alzheimer disease. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:37920-6. [PMID: 20921227 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.185728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tau filaments are the pathological hallmark of numerous neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer disease, Pick disease, and progressive supranuclear palsy. In the adult human brain, six isoforms are expressed that differ by the presence or absence of the second of four semiconserved repeats. As a consequence, half of the tau isoforms have three repeats (3R tau), whereas the other half of the isoforms have four repeats (4R tau). Tauopathies can be characterized based on the isoform composition of their filaments. Alzheimer disease filamentous inclusions contain all isoforms. Pick disease filaments contain 3R tau. Progressive supranuclear palsy filaments contain 4R tau. Here, we used site-directed spin labeling of recombinant tau in conjunction with electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy to obtain structural insights into these filaments. We find that filaments of 4R tau and 3R tau share a highly ordered core structure in the third repeat with parallel, in-register arrangement of β-strands. This structure is conserved regardless of whether full-length isoforms (htau40 and htau23) or truncated constructs (K18 and K19) are used. When mixed, 3R tau and 4R tau coassemble into heterogeneous filaments. These filaments share the highly ordered core in the third repeat; however, they differ in their overall composition. Our findings indicate that at least three distinct types of filaments exist: homogeneous 3R tau, homogeneous 4R tau, and heterogeneous 3R/4R tau. These results suggest that individual filaments found in Alzheimer disease are structurally distinct from those in the 3R and 4R tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayisha Siddiqua
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80208, USA
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104
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Wegmann S, Jung YJ, Chinnathambi S, Mandelkow EM, Mandelkow E, Muller DJ. Human Tau isoforms assemble into ribbon-like fibrils that display polymorphic structure and stability. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:27302-27313. [PMID: 20566652 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.145318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrous aggregates of Tau protein are characteristic features of Alzheimer disease. We applied high resolution atomic force and EM microscopy to study fibrils assembled from different human Tau isoforms and domains. All fibrils reveal structural polymorphism; the "thin twisted" and "thin smooth" fibrils resemble flat ribbons (cross-section approximately 10 x 15 nm) with diverse twist periodicities. "Thick fibrils" show periodicities of approximately 65-70 nm and thicknesses of approximately 9-18 nm such as routinely reported for "paired helical filaments" but structurally resemble heavily twisted ribbons. Therefore, thin and thick fibrils assembled from different human Tau isoforms challenge current structural models of paired helical filaments. Furthermore, all Tau fibrils reveal axial subperiodicities of approximately 17-19 nm and, upon exposure to mechanical stress or hydrophobic surfaces, disassemble into uniform fragments that remain connected by thin thread-like structures ( approximately 2 nm). This hydrophobically induced disassembly is inhibited at enhanced electrolyte concentrations, indicating that the fragments resemble structural building blocks and the fibril integrity depends largely on hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions. Because full-length Tau and repeat domain constructs assemble into fibrils of similar thickness, the "fuzzy coat" of Tau protein termini surrounding the fibril axis is nearly invisible for atomic force microscopy and EM, presumably because of its high flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Wegmann
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yu Jin Jung
- Biotechnology Center, University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Subashchandrabose Chinnathambi
- Max-Planck-Unit for Structural Molecular Biology, c/o DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany and the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, c/o CAESAR, 53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Mandelkow
- Max-Planck-Unit for Structural Molecular Biology, c/o DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany and the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, c/o CAESAR, 53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - Eckhard Mandelkow
- Max-Planck-Unit for Structural Molecular Biology, c/o DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany and the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, c/o CAESAR, 53175 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Daniel J Muller
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland.
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105
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Helmus JJ, Surewicz K, Surewicz WK, Jaroniec CP. Conformational flexibility of Y145Stop human prion protein amyloid fibrils probed by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:2393-403. [PMID: 20121096 PMCID: PMC2838504 DOI: 10.1021/ja909827v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid aggregates of a C-truncated Y145Stop mutant of human prion protein, huPrP23-144, associated with a heritable amyloid angiopathy, have previously been shown to contain a compact, relatively rigid, and beta-sheet-rich approximately 30-residue amyloid core near the C-terminus under physiologically relevant conditions. In contrast, the remaining huPrP23-144 residues display considerable conformational dynamics, as evidenced by the absence of corresponding signals in cross-polarization (CP)-based solid-state NMR (SSNMR) spectra under ambient conditions and their emergence in analogous spectra recorded at low temperature on frozen fibril samples. Here, we present the direct observation of residues comprising the flexible N-terminal domain of huPrP23-144 amyloid by using 2D J-coupling-based magic-angle spinning (MAS) SSNMR techniques. Chemical shifts for these residues indicate that the N-terminal domain is effectively an ensemble of protein chains with random-coil-like conformations. Interestingly, a detailed analysis of signal intensities in CP-based 3D SSNMR spectra suggests that non-negligible molecular motions may also be occurring on the NMR time scale within the relatively rigid core of huPrP23-144 amyloid. To further investigate this hypothesis, quantitative measurements of backbone dipolar order parameters and transverse spin relaxation rates were performed for the core residues. The observed order parameters indicate that, on the submicrosecond time scale, these residues are effectively rigid and experience only highly restricted and relatively uniform motions similar to those characteristic for well-structured regions of microcrystalline proteins. On the other hand, significant variations in magnitude of transverse spin relaxation rates were noted for residues present at different locations within the core region and correlated with observed differences in spectral intensities. While interpreted only qualitatively at the present time, the extent of the observed variations in transverse relaxation rates is consistent with the presence of relatively slow, microsecond-millisecond time scale chemical exchange type phenomena within the huPrP23-144 amyloid core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan J. Helmus
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Krystyna Surewicz
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - Witold K. Surewicz
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
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106
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Holland GP, Cherry BR, Jenkins JE, Yarger JL. Proton-detected heteronuclear single quantum correlation NMR spectroscopy in rigid solids with ultra-fast MAS. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2010; 202:64-71. [PMID: 19857977 PMCID: PMC2818250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2009.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2009] [Revised: 09/22/2009] [Accepted: 09/30/2009] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we show the potential for utilizing proton-detected heteronuclear single quantum correlation (HSQC) NMR in rigid solids under ultra-fast magic angle spinning (MAS) conditions. The indirect detection of carbon-13 from coupled neighboring hydrogen nuclei provides a sensitivity enhancement of 3- to 4-fold in crystalline amino acids over direct-detected versions. Furthermore, the sensitivity enhancement is shown to be significantly larger for disordered solids that display inhomogeneously broadened carbon-13 spectra. Latrodectus hesperus (Black Widow) dragline silk is given as an example where the sample is mass-limited and the sensitivity enhancement for the proton-detected experiment is 8- to 13-fold. The ultra-fast MAS proton-detected HSQC solid-state NMR technique has the added advantage that no proton homonuclear decoupling is applied during the experiment. Further, well-resolved, indirectly observed carbon-13 spectra can be obtained in some cases without heteronuclear proton decoupling.
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107
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Kajava AV, Baxa U, Steven AC. Beta arcades: recurring motifs in naturally occurring and disease-related amyloid fibrils. FASEB J 2009; 24:1311-9. [PMID: 20032312 DOI: 10.1096/fj.09-145979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid fibrils are filamentous protein aggregates that accumulate in diseases such as Alzheimer's or type II diabetes. The amyloid-forming protein is disease specific. Amyloids may also be formed in vitro from many other proteins, after first denaturing them. Unlike the diverse native folds of these proteins, their amyloids are fundamentally similar in being rigid, smooth-sided, and cross-beta-structured, that is, with beta strands running perpendicular to the fibril axis. In the absence of high-resolution fibril structures, increasingly credible models are being derived by integrating data from a crossfire of experimental techniques. Most current models of disease-related amyloids invoke "beta arcades," columnar structures produced by in-register stacking of "beta arches." A beta arch is a strand-turn-strand motif in which the two beta strands interact via their side chains, not via the polypeptide backbone as in a conventional beta hairpin. Crystal structures of beta-solenoids, a class of proteins with amyloid-like properties, offer insight into the beta-arc turns found in beta arches. General conformational and thermodynamic considerations suggest that complexes of 2 or more beta arches may nucleate amyloid fibrillogenesis in vivo. The apparent prevalence of beta arches and their components have implications for identifying amyloidogenic sequences, elucidating fibril polymorphisms, predicting the locations and conformations of beta arcs within amyloid fibrils, and refining existing fibril models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey V Kajava
- Centre de Recherches de Biochimie Macromoléculaire, CNRS, University of Montpellier 1 and 2, Montpellier, France
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108
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Meraz-Ríos MA, Lira-De León KI, Campos-Peña V, De Anda-Hernández MA, Mena-López R. Tau oligomers and aggregation in Alzheimer's disease. J Neurochem 2009; 112:1353-67. [PMID: 19943854 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.06511.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We are analyzing the physiological function of Tau protein and its abnormal pathological behavior when this protein is self-assemble into pathological filaments. These aggregates of Tau protein are the main components in many diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent studies suggest that Tau acquires complex oligomeric conformations which may be toxic. In this review, we emphasized the possible phenomena implicated in the formation of these oligomers. Studies with chemical inductors indicates that the microtubule-binding domain is the most important region involved in Tau aggregation and showed the requirement of a pre-arrange Tau in abnormal conformation to promote self-assembly. Transgenic animal models and AD neuropathology studies showed that post-translational modifications are also implicated in Tau aggregation and neural cell death during AD development. Therefore, we analyzed some events that could be present during Tau aggregation. Finally, we included a brief discussion of the possible relation between glucose metabolism dysfunction in AD, and data of Tau aggregation by using aggregation inhibitors. In conclusion, the process Tau aggregation deserves further investigations to design possible therapeutic targets to inhibit the toxicity of these aggregates and it is possible that could be extended to other diseases with similar etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A Meraz-Ríos
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Center of Research and Advanced Studies CINVESTAV-IPN, México DF, Mexico.
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109
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Fischer D, Mukrasch MD, Biernat J, Bibow S, Blackledge M, Griesinger C, Mandelkow E, Zweckstetter M. Conformational changes specific for pseudophosphorylation at serine 262 selectively impair binding of tau to microtubules. Biochemistry 2009; 48:10047-55. [PMID: 19769346 DOI: 10.1021/bi901090m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Aggregation of the microtubule-associated protein tau into neurofibrillary tangles is the pathological hallmark of a variety of dementias. For reasons not yet known, tau becomes excessively phosphorylated in Alzheimer's brains and as a result no longer binds properly to microtubules. Here we studied the impact of phosphorylation on the conformational and binding properties of the repeat region of tau (K18) that is necessary for microtubule assembly and forms the core of paired helical filaments. To mimic phosphorylation, we introduced four mutations of serine to glutamate residues at positions 262, 293, 324, and 356. NMR spectroscopy demonstrates that pseudophosphorylation at these sites modifies the structural properties in repeats 1 and 2, in particular for Gln265-Lys267. Gln265-Lys267 are in close proximity to Ser262, the phosphorylation site that most strongly attenuates binding to microtubules. In contrast, the pseudophosphorylation mimic of tau efficiently interacts with the polyanion heparin. Thus, phosphorylation of the repeat region of natively unfolded tau induces specific conformational changes that have a strong impact on its biological function and involvement in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Fischer
- Department for NMR-Based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Gottingen, Germany
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110
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Nishiura C, Takeuchi K, Minoura K, Sumida M, Taniguchi T, Tomoo K, Ishida T. Importance of Tyr310 residue in the third repeat of microtubule binding domain for filament formation of tau protein. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 147:405-14. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvp181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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111
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Böckmann A, Gardiennet C, Verel R, Hunkeler A, Loquet A, Pintacuda G, Emsley L, Meier BH, Lesage A. Characterization of different water pools in solid-state NMR protein samples. JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR NMR 2009; 45:319-27. [PMID: 19779834 DOI: 10.1007/s10858-009-9374-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2009] [Accepted: 09/04/2009] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
We observed and characterized two distinct signals originating from different pools of water protons in solid-state NMR protein samples, namely from crystal water which exchanges polarization with the protein (on the NMR timescale) and is located in the protein-rich fraction at the periphery of the magic-angle spinning (MAS) sample container, and supernatant water located close to the axis of the sample container. The polarization transfer between the water and the protein can be probed by two-dimensional exchange spectroscopy, and we show that the supernatant water does not interact with protein on the timescale of the experiments. The two water pools have different spectroscopic properties, including resonance frequency, longitudinal, transverse and rotating frame relaxation times. The supernatant water can be removed almost completely physically or can be frozen selectively. Both measures lead to an enhancement of the quality factor of the probe circuit, accompanied by an improvement of the experimental signal/noise, and greatly simplify solvent-suppression by substantially reducing the water signal. We also present a tool, which allows filling solid-state NMR sample containers in a more efficient manner, greatly reducing the amount of supernatant water and maximizing signal/noise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Böckmann
- Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, Université de Lyon, UMR 5086 CNRS/UCB-Lyon 1, 7 passage du Vercors, 69367 Lyon, France.
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112
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Lange A, Gattin Z, Van Melckebeke H, Wasmer C, Soragni A, van Gunsteren WF, Meier BH. A combined solid-state NMR and MD characterization of the stability and dynamics of the HET-s(218-289) prion in its amyloid conformation. Chembiochem 2009; 10:1657-65. [PMID: 19504509 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200900019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The three-dimensional structure of amyloid fibrils of the prion-forming part of the HET-s protein [HET-s(218-289)], as determined by solid-state NMR, contains rigid and remarkably well-ordered parts, as witnessed by the narrow solid-state NMR line widths for this system. On the other hand, high-resolution magic-angle-spinning (HRMAS) NMR results have shown that HET-s(218-289) amyloid fibrils contain highly flexible parts as well. Here, we further explore this unexpected behaviour using solid-state NMR and molecular dynamics (MD). The NMR data provide new information on order and dynamics in the rigid and flexible parts of HET-s(218-289), respectively. The MD study addresses whether or not small multimers, in an amyloid conformation, are stable on the 10 ns timescale of the MD run and provides insight into the dynamic parameters on the nanosecond timescale. The atom-positional, root-mean-squared fluctuations (RMSFs) and order parameters S(2) obtained are in agreement with the NMR data. A flexible loop and the N terminus exhibit dynamics on the ps-ns timescale, whereas the hydrophobic core of HET-s(218-289) is rigid. The high degree of order in the core region of HET-s(218-289) amyloids, as observed in the MD simulations, is in agreement with the narrow, solid-state, NMR lines. Finally, we employed MD to predict the behaviour of the salt-bridge network in HET-s(218-289), which cannot be obtained easily by experiment. Simulations at different temperatures indicated that the network is highly dynamic and that it contributes to the thermostability of the HET-s(218-289) amyloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Lange
- Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, Zürich, Switzerland.
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113
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Vijayan V, Demers JP, Biernat J, Mandelkow E, Becker S, Lange A. Low-Power Solid-State NMR Experiments for Resonance Assignment under Fast Magic-Angle Spinning. Chemphyschem 2009; 10:2205-8. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200900439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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114
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Quantitative Determination of the Conformational Properties of Partially Folded and Intrinsically Disordered Proteins Using NMR Dipolar Couplings. Structure 2009; 17:1169-85. [PMID: 19748338 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2009.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2009] [Revised: 07/28/2009] [Accepted: 08/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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115
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Sluchanko NN, Seit-Nebi AS, Gusev NB. Phosphorylation of more than one site is required for tight interaction of human tau protein with 14-3-3zeta. FEBS Lett 2009; 583:2739-42. [PMID: 19647741 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2009.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2009] [Revised: 07/07/2009] [Accepted: 07/24/2009] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Serine residues phosphorylated by protein kinase A (PKA) in the shortest isoform of human tau protein (tau3) were sequentially replaced by alanine and interaction of phosphorylated tau3 and its mutants with 14-3-3 was investigated. Mutation S156A slightly decreased interaction of phosphorylated tau3 with 14-3-3. Double mutations S156A/S267A and especially S156A/S235A, strongly inhibited interaction of phosphorylated tau3 with 14-3-3. Thus, two sites located in the Pro-rich region and in the pseudo repeats of tau3 are involved in phosphorylation-dependent interaction of tau3 with 14-3-3. The state of tau3 phosphorylation affects the mode of 14-3-3 binding and by this means might modify tau filament formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai N Sluchanko
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
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116
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Aluas M, Tripon C, Griffin JM, Filip X, Ladizhansky V, Griffin RG, Brown SP, Filip C. CHHC and (1)H-(1)H magnetization exchange: analysis by experimental solid-state NMR and 11-spin density-matrix simulations. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2009; 199:173-87. [PMID: 19467890 PMCID: PMC2706310 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2009.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2009] [Accepted: 04/20/2009] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A protocol is presented for correcting the effect of non-specific cross-polarization in CHHC solid-state MAS NMR experiments, thus allowing the recovery of the (1)H-(1)H magnetization exchange functions from the mixing-time dependent buildup of experimental CHHC peak intensity. The presented protocol also incorporates a scaling procedure to take into account the effect of multiplicity of a CH(2) or CH(3) moiety. Experimental CHHC buildup curves are presented for l-tyrosine.HCl samples where either all or only one in 10 molecules are U-(13)C labeled. Good agreement between experiment and 11-spin SPINEVOLUTION simulation (including only isotropic (1)H chemical shifts) is demonstrated for the initial buildup (t(mix)<100micros) of CHHC peak intensity corresponding to an intramolecular close (2.5A) H-H proximity. Differences in the initial CHHC buildup are observed between the one in 10 dilute and 100% samples for cases where there is a close intermolecular H-H proximity in addition to a close intramolecular H-H proximity. For the dilute sample, CHHC cross-peak intensities tended to significantly lower values for long mixing times (500micros) as compared to the 100% sample. This difference is explained as being due to the dependence of the limiting total magnetization on the ratio N(obs)/N(tot) between the number of protons that are directly attached to a (13)C nucleus and hence contribute significantly to the observed (13)C CHHC NMR signal, and the total number of (1)H spins into the system. (1)H-(1)H magnetization exchange curves extracted from CHHC spectra for the 100% l-tyrosine.HCl sample exhibit a clear sensitivity to the root sum squared dipolar coupling, with fast buildup being observed for the shortest intramolecular distances (2.5A) and slower, yet observable buildup for the longer intermolecular distances (up to 5A).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Aluas
- Physics Department, Babes-Bolyai University, 400084 Cluj, Romania
| | - Carmen Tripon
- National Institute for R&D of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, P.O. Box 700, 400293 Cluj, Romania
| | - John M. Griffin
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Xenia Filip
- Physics Department, Babes-Bolyai University, 400084 Cluj, Romania
| | - Vladimir Ladizhansky
- Department of Physics, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
| | - Robert G. Griffin
- Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Steven P. Brown
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Claudiu Filip
- National Institute for R&D of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, P.O. Box 700, 400293 Cluj, Romania
- Corresponding Author, Fax.: ++40 264 420042, e-mail:
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117
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Structural polymorphism of 441-residue tau at single residue resolution. PLoS Biol 2009; 7:e34. [PMID: 19226187 PMCID: PMC2642882 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1000034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 462] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2008] [Accepted: 01/07/2009] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer disease is characterized by abnormal protein deposits in the brain, such as extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. The tangles are made of a protein called tau comprising 441 residues in its longest isoform. Tau belongs to the class of natively unfolded proteins, binds to and stabilizes microtubules, and partially folds into an ordered beta-structure during aggregation to Alzheimer paired helical filaments (PHFs). Here we show that it is possible to overcome the size limitations that have traditionally hampered detailed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy studies of such large nonglobular proteins. This is achieved using optimal NMR pulse sequences and matching of chemical shifts from smaller segments in a divide and conquer strategy. The methodology reveals that 441-residue tau is highly dynamic in solution with a distinct domain character and an intricate network of transient long-range contacts important for pathogenic aggregation. Moreover, the single-residue view provided by the NMR analysis reveals unique insights into the interaction of tau with microtubules. Our results establish that NMR spectroscopy can provide detailed insight into the structural polymorphism of very large nonglobular proteins.
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118
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Hung I, Uldry AC, Becker-Baldus J, Webber AL, Wong A, Smith ME, Joyce SA, Yates JR, Pickard CJ, Dupree R, Brown SP. Probing Heteronuclear 15N−17O and 13C−17O Connectivities and Proximities by Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:1820-34. [DOI: 10.1021/ja805898d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Hung
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K., School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews KY16 9SS, U.K., Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings, Prospect Row, Cork, Ireland, and TCM Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 19 J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 OHE, U.K
| | - Anne-Christine Uldry
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K., School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews KY16 9SS, U.K., Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings, Prospect Row, Cork, Ireland, and TCM Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 19 J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 OHE, U.K
| | - Johanna Becker-Baldus
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K., School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews KY16 9SS, U.K., Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings, Prospect Row, Cork, Ireland, and TCM Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 19 J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 OHE, U.K
| | - Amy L. Webber
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K., School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews KY16 9SS, U.K., Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings, Prospect Row, Cork, Ireland, and TCM Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 19 J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 OHE, U.K
| | - Alan Wong
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K., School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews KY16 9SS, U.K., Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings, Prospect Row, Cork, Ireland, and TCM Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 19 J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 OHE, U.K
| | - Mark E. Smith
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K., School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews KY16 9SS, U.K., Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings, Prospect Row, Cork, Ireland, and TCM Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 19 J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 OHE, U.K
| | - Siân A. Joyce
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K., School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews KY16 9SS, U.K., Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings, Prospect Row, Cork, Ireland, and TCM Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 19 J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 OHE, U.K
| | - Jonathan R. Yates
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K., School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews KY16 9SS, U.K., Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings, Prospect Row, Cork, Ireland, and TCM Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 19 J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 OHE, U.K
| | - Chris J. Pickard
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K., School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews KY16 9SS, U.K., Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings, Prospect Row, Cork, Ireland, and TCM Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 19 J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 OHE, U.K
| | - Ray Dupree
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K., School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews KY16 9SS, U.K., Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings, Prospect Row, Cork, Ireland, and TCM Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 19 J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 OHE, U.K
| | - Steven P. Brown
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K., School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews KY16 9SS, U.K., Tyndall National Institute, Lee Maltings, Prospect Row, Cork, Ireland, and TCM Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, 19 J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 OHE, U.K
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Mandelkow EM, Thies E, Konzack S, Mandelkow E. Tau and Intracellular Transport in Neurons. INTRACELLULAR TRAFFIC AND NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-87941-1_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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120
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Lesage A. Recent advances in solid-state NMR spectroscopy of spin I = 1/2 nuclei. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2009; 11:6876-91. [DOI: 10.1039/b907733m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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121
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Ader C, Schneider R, Seidel K, Etzkorn M, Becker S, Baldus M. Structural Rearrangements of Membrane Proteins Probed by Water-Edited Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 131:170-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ja806306e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Ader
- Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands, and Department of NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Robert Schneider
- Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands, and Department of NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Karsten Seidel
- Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands, and Department of NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Manuel Etzkorn
- Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands, and Department of NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Becker
- Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands, and Department of NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marc Baldus
- Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands, and Department of NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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122
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Mylonas E, Hascher A, Bernadó P, Blackledge M, Mandelkow E, Svergun DI. Domain conformation of tau protein studied by solution small-angle X-ray scattering. Biochemistry 2008; 47:10345-53. [PMID: 18771286 DOI: 10.1021/bi800900d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Tau is one of the two main proteins involved in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease via formation of beta-sheet rich intracellular aggregates named paired helical filaments (PHFs). Given that tau is a natively unfolded protein with no folded core (even upon binding to physiological partners such as microtubules), its structural analysis by high-resolution techniques has been difficult. In this study, employing solution small-angle X-ray scattering from the full length isoforms and from a variety of deletion and point mutants the conformation of tau in solution is structurally characterized. A recently developed ensemble optimization method was employed to generate pools of random models and to select ensembles of coexisting conformations, which fitted simultaneously the scattering data from the full length protein and deletion mutants. The analysis of the structural properties of these selected ensembles allowed us to extract information about residual structure in different domains of the native protein. The short deletion mutants containing the repeat domain (considered the core constituent of the PHFs) are significantly more extended than random coils, suggesting an extended conformation of the repeat domain. The longer tau constructs are comparable in size with the random coils, pointing to long-range contacts between the N- and C-termini compensating for the extension of the repeat domain. Moreover, most of the aggregation-promoting mutants did not show major differences in structure from their wild-type counterparts, indicating that their increased pathological effect is triggered only after an aggregation core has been formed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efstratios Mylonas
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Outstation, Notkestrasse 85, 22603 Hamburg, Germany
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123
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Andronesi OC, Mintzopoulos D, Struppe J, Black PM, Tzika AA. Solid-state NMR adiabatic TOBSY sequences provide enhanced sensitivity for multidimensional high-resolution magic-angle-spinning 1H MR spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2008; 193:251-258. [PMID: 18556227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2008.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2008] [Revised: 05/12/2008] [Accepted: 05/12/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We propose a solid-state NMR method that maximizes the advantages of high-resolution magic-angle-spinning (HRMAS) applied to intact biopsies when compared to more conventional liquid-state NMR approaches. Theoretical treatment, numerical simulations and experimental results on intact human brain biopsies are presented. Experimentally, it is proven that an optimized adiabatic TOBSY (TOtal through Bond correlation SpectroscopY) solid-state NMR pulse sequence for two-dimensional 1H-1H homonuclear scalar-coupling longitudinal isotropic mixing provides a 20%-50% improvement in signal-to-noise ratio relative to its liquid-state analogue TOCSY (TOtal Correlation SpectroscopY). For this purpose we have refined the C9(15)1 symmetry-based 13C TOBSY pulse sequence for 1H MRS use and compared it to MLEV-16 TOCSY sequence. Both sequences were rotor-synchronized and implemented using WURST-8 adiabatic inversion pulses. As discussed theoretically and shown in simulations, the improved magnetization-transfer comes from actively removing residual dipolar couplings from the average Hamiltonian. Importantly, the solid-state NMR techniques are tailored to perform measurements at low temperatures where sample degradation is reduced. This is the first demonstration of such a concept for HRMAS metabolic profiling of disease processes, including cancer, from biopsies requiring reduced sample degradation for further genomic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ovidiu C Andronesi
- NMR Surgical Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Shriner's Burn Institute, Harvard Medical School, 51 Blossom Street, Room 261, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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