101
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Jing Z, Shi X, Zhang G, Qin J. Synthesis, stereocomplex crystallization and properties of poly(l-lactide)/four-armed star poly(d-lactide) functionalized carbon nanotubes nanocomposites. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhanxin Jing
- MOE Key Lab of Applied Physics and Chemistry in Space, College of Science; Northwestern Polytechnic University; Xi'an 710072 China
| | - Xuetao Shi
- MOE Key Lab of Applied Physics and Chemistry in Space, College of Science; Northwestern Polytechnic University; Xi'an 710072 China
| | - Guangcheng Zhang
- MOE Key Lab of Applied Physics and Chemistry in Space, College of Science; Northwestern Polytechnic University; Xi'an 710072 China
| | - Jianbin Qin
- MOE Key Lab of Applied Physics and Chemistry in Space, College of Science; Northwestern Polytechnic University; Xi'an 710072 China
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102
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Livi S, Bugatti V, Marechal M, Soares BG, Barra GMO, Duchet-Rumeau J, Gérard JF. Ionic liquids–lignin combination: an innovative way to improve mechanical behaviour and water vapour permeability of eco-designed biodegradable polymer blends. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra11919c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the potential use of lignin combined with ionic liquids (ILs) has been investigated on the final properties of biodegradable polymer blends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Livi
- Université de Lyon
- Lyon
- France
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères
- INSA Lyon
| | - Valeria Bugatti
- Department of Industrial Engineering
- University of Salerno
- 84084-Fisciano
- Italy
| | | | - Bluma G. Soares
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
- Instituto de Macromoléculas
- Rio de Janeiro-RJ
- Brazil
| | - Guilherme M. O. Barra
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina
- Departamento de Engenharia Mecanica
- Florianopolis
- Brazil
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103
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Azari P, Yahya R, Wong CS, Gan SN. Improved processability of electrospun poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid] through blending with medium-chain length poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) produced byPseudomonas putidafrom oleic acid. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1179/1432891714z.0000000001024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Azari
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - R. Yahya
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - C. S. Wong
- Plasma Technology Research CenterPhysics Department, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S. N. Gan
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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104
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El-Hadi AM, Mohan SD, Davis FJ, Mitchell GR. Enhancing the crystallization and orientation of electrospinning poly (lactic acid) (PLLA) by combining with additives. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-014-0605-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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105
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Ishikawa D, Furukawa D, Wei TT, Reddy KR, Motomura A, Igarashi Y, Sato H, Kazarian SG, Ozaki Y. High-speed monitoring of the crystallinity change in poly(lactic acid) during photodegradation by using a newly developed wide area NIR imaging system (Compovision). Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 407:397-403. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8211-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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106
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107
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Cervantes-Uc JM, Catzin J, Vargas I, Herrera-Kao W, Moguel F, Ramirez E, Rincón-Arriaga S, Lizama-Uc G. Biosynthesis and characterization of polyhydroxyalkanoates produced by an extreme halophilic bacterium, Halomonas nitroreducens, isolated from hypersaline ponds. J Appl Microbiol 2014; 117:1056-65. [PMID: 25048168 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Morphological, biochemical and genotypic characterization of a halophilic bacterium isolated from hypersaline ponds located at Las Coloradas (Río Lagartos, Yucatán, Mexico). Characterization of polymer produced by this strain was also performed. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty strains were isolated from water samples of salt ponds and selected based on both morphological features and their PHA storage capacity, which were determined by SEM and staining methods with Nile red and Nile blue, respectively; strains were also analysed by the fluorescence imaging technique. Among them, JCCOL25.8 strain showed the highest production of PHA's reason why phenotypic and genotypic characterization was performed; this strain was identified as Halomonas nitroreducens. Polymer produced by this strain was characterized by FTIR, DSC, GPC and EDX spectroscopy. Results indicated that the biosynthesized polymer was polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) which had a melting peak at 170°C and a crystallinity percentage of about 36%. CONCLUSIONS Based on phenotypic and genotypic aspects, JCCOL25.8 strain was identified as H. nitroreducens and it was capable to accumulate PHB. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY To our knowledge, there is only one study published on the biosynthesis of PHA's by H. nitroreducens strains, although the characterization of the obtained polymer was not reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Cervantes-Uc
- Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Unidad de Materiales, Mérida, Yucatán, México
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108
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Zhang X, Jin G, Ma W, Meng L, Yin H, Zhu Z, Dong Z, Wang R. Fabrication and properties of poly(l-lactide) nanofibers via blend sea-island melt spinning. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.41228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqin Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Gaoling Jin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Wenjuan Ma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Lingyan Meng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Huihui Yin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Zhiguo Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Zhenfeng Dong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology; Beijing 100029 China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology; Beijing 100029 China
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109
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Dolores SM, Marina Patricia A, Santiago F, Juan L. Influence of biodegradable materials in the recycled polystyrene. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.41161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samper M. Dolores
- Instituto de Tecnología de Materiales (ITM), Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV); Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell s/n 03801 Alcoy Alicante Spain
| | - Arrieta Marina Patricia
- Instituto de Tecnología de Materiales (ITM), Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV); Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell s/n 03801 Alcoy Alicante Spain
| | - Ferrándiz Santiago
- Instituto de Tecnología de Materiales (ITM), Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV); Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell s/n 03801 Alcoy Alicante Spain
| | - López Juan
- Instituto de Tecnología de Materiales (ITM), Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV); Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell s/n 03801 Alcoy Alicante Spain
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110
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Malinconico M, Cerruti P, Santagata G, Immirzi B. Natural Polymers and Additives in Commodity and Specialty Applications: A Challenge for the Chemistry of Future. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201450315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Malinconico
- Institute on Polymer Chemistry and Technology; ICTP-CNR; Via Campi Flegrei 34-80078 Pozzuoli Naples Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Cerruti
- Institute on Polymer Chemistry and Technology; ICTP-CNR; Via Campi Flegrei 34-80078 Pozzuoli Naples Italy
| | - Gabriella Santagata
- Institute on Polymer Chemistry and Technology; ICTP-CNR; Via Campi Flegrei 34-80078 Pozzuoli Naples Italy
| | - Barbara Immirzi
- Institute on Polymer Chemistry and Technology; ICTP-CNR; Via Campi Flegrei 34-80078 Pozzuoli Naples Italy
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111
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Arrieta MP, Fortunati E, Dominici F, Rayón E, López J, Kenny JM. Multifunctional PLA-PHB/cellulose nanocrystal films: processing, structural and thermal properties. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 107:16-24. [PMID: 24702913 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2013] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) synthesized from microcrystalline cellulose by acid hydrolysis were added into poly(lactic acid)-poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PLA-PHB) blends to improve the final properties of the multifunctional systems. CNC were also modified with a surfactant (CNCs) to increase the interfacial adhesion in the systems maintaining the thermal stability. Firstly, masterbatch pellets were obtained for each formulation to improve the dispersion of the cellulose structures in the PLA-PHB and then nanocomposite films were processed. The thermal stability as well as the morphological and structural properties of nanocomposites was investigated. While PHB increased the PLA crystallinity due to its nucleation effect, well dispersed CNC and CNCs not only increased the crystallinity but also improved the processability, the thermal stability and the interaction between both polymers especially in the case of the modified CNCs based PLA-PHB formulation. Likewise, CNCs were better dispersed in PLA-CNCs and PLA-PHB-CNCs, than CNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Arrieta
- Instituto de Tecnología de Materiales, Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, 03801 Alcoy-Alicante, Spain; Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, University of Alicante, P.O. Box 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - E Fortunati
- Materials Engineering Centre, UdR INSTM, NIPLAB, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy.
| | - F Dominici
- Materials Engineering Centre, UdR INSTM, NIPLAB, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy
| | - E Rayón
- Instituto de Tecnología de Materiales, Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, E-46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - J López
- Instituto de Tecnología de Materiales, Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, 03801 Alcoy-Alicante, Spain
| | - J M Kenny
- Materials Engineering Centre, UdR INSTM, NIPLAB, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, Madrid 28006, Spain
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112
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Laycock B, Halley P, Pratt S, Werker A, Lant P. The chemomechanical properties of microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates. Prog Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2013.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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113
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Russell RA, Darwish TA, Puskar L, Martin DE, Holden PJ, Foster LJR. Deuterated Polymers for Probing Phase Separation Using Infrared Microspectroscopy. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:644-9. [DOI: 10.1021/bm4017012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert A. Russell
- National Deuteration Facility, Australian Nuclear Science & Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW Australia
- Bio/Polymer Research Group, School of Biotechnology & Biomolecular Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tamim A. Darwish
- National Deuteration Facility, Australian Nuclear Science & Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW Australia
| | - Ljiljana Puskar
- Infrared Microspectroscopy Beamline, Australian Synchrotron, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Danielle E. Martin
- Infrared Microspectroscopy Beamline, Australian Synchrotron, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter J. Holden
- National Deuteration Facility, Australian Nuclear Science & Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW Australia
- Bio/Polymer Research Group, School of Biotechnology & Biomolecular Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - L. John R. Foster
- Bio/Polymer Research Group, School of Biotechnology & Biomolecular Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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114
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Zhang Y, Fang H, Wang Z, Tang M, Wang Z. Disclosing the formation of ring-banded spherulites for semicrystalline polymers through the double-layer film method. CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ce42083c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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115
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Sheng C, Zhang T, Yuan Y, Zhou L, Duan Y, Zhang J. Effect of a small amount of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) on the crystallization behavior of poly(l
-lactic acid) in their immiscible and miscible blends during physical aging. POLYM INT 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.4667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunrui Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics; Qingdao University of Science and Technology; Qingdao City 266042 People's Republic of China
| | - Tongping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics; Qingdao University of Science and Technology; Qingdao City 266042 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics; Qingdao University of Science and Technology; Qingdao City 266042 People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics; Qingdao University of Science and Technology; Qingdao City 266042 People's Republic of China
| | - Yongxin Duan
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics; Qingdao University of Science and Technology; Qingdao City 266042 People's Republic of China
| | - Jianming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics; Qingdao University of Science and Technology; Qingdao City 266042 People's Republic of China
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116
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Ishikawa D, Nishii T, Mizuno F, Sato H, Kazarian SG, Ozaki Y. Potential of a newly developed high-speed near-infrared (NIR) camera (Compovision) in polymer industrial analyses: monitoring crystallinity and crystal evolution of polylactic acid (PLA) and concentration of PLA in PLA/Poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) blends. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 67:1441-1446. [PMID: 24359659 DOI: 10.1366/13-07103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study was carried out to evaluate a new high-speed hyperspectral near-infrared (NIR) camera named Compovision. Quantitative analyses of the crystallinity and crystal evolution of biodegradable polymer, polylactic acid (PLA), and its concentration in PLA/poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) blends were investigated using near-infrared (NIR) imaging. This NIR camera can measure two-dimensional NIR spectral data in the 1000-2350 nm region obtaining images with wide field of view of 150 × 250 mm(2) (approximately 100 000 pixels) at high speeds (in less than 5 s). PLA with differing crystallinities between 0 and 50% blended samples with PHB in ratios of 80/20, 60/40, 40/60, 20/80, and pure films of 100% PLA and PHB were prepared. Compovision was used to collect respective NIR spectra in the 1000-2350 nm region and investigate the crystallinity of PLA and its concentration in the blends. The partial least squares (PLS) regression models for the crystallinity of PLA were developed using absorbance, second derivative, and standard normal variate (SNV) spectra from the most informative region of the spectra, between 1600 and 2000 nm. The predicted results of PLS models achieved using the absorbance and second derivative spectra were fairly good with a root mean square error (RMSE) of less than 6.1% and a determination of coefficient (R(2)) of more than 0.88 for PLS factor 1. The results obtained using the SNV spectra yielded the best prediction with the smallest RMSE of 2.93% and the highest R(2) of 0.976. Moreover, PLS models developed for estimating the concentration of PLA in the blend polymers using SNV spectra gave good predicted results where the RMSE was 4.94% and R(2) was 0.98. The SNV-based models provided the best-predicted results, since it can reduce the effects of the spectral changes induced by the inhomogeneity and the thickness of the samples. Wide area crystal evolution of PLA on a plate where a temperature slope of 70-105 °C had occurred was also monitored using NIR imaging. An SNV-based image gave an obvious contrast of the crystallinity around the crystal growth area according to slight temperature change. Moreover, it clarified the inhomogeneity of crystal evolution over the significant wide area. These results have proved that the newly developed hyperspectral NIR camera, Compovision, can be successfully used to study polymers for industrial processes, such as monitoring the crystallinity of PLA and the different composition of PLA/PHB blends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daitaro Ishikawa
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
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117
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Dong W, Ma P, Wang S, Chen M, Cai X, Zhang Y. Effect of partial crosslinking on morphology and properties of the poly(β-hydroxybutyrate)/poly(d,l-lactic acid) blends. Polym Degrad Stab 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2013.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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118
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119
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Park Y, Hashimoto C, Hashimoto T, Hirokawa Y, Jung YM, Ozaki Y. Reaction-Induced Self-Assembly of Gel Structure: A New Insight into Chemical Gelation Process of N-Isopropylacrylamide as Studied by Two-Dimensional Infrared Correlation Spectroscopy. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma400457e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yeonju Park
- Department of Chemistry and Institute
for Molecular Science and Fusion Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea
- School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo
669-1337, Japan
| | - Chihiro Hashimoto
- School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo
669-1337, Japan
- Department
of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Niihama National College of Technology, 7-1 Yakumo, Niihama, Ehime 792-5850,
Japan
| | - Takeji Hashimoto
- School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo
669-1337, Japan
- Quantum Beam Science
Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency,Tokai-mura, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Hirokawa
- School of Engineering, Department of Materials Science, The University of Shiga Prefecture, 2500 Hassaka-cho,
Hikone, Shiga 522-8533, Japan
| | - Young Mee Jung
- Department of Chemistry and Institute
for Molecular Science and Fusion Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea
| | - Yukihiro Ozaki
- School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo
669-1337, Japan
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120
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Laycock B, Halley P, Pratt S, Werker A, Lant P. The chemomechanical properties of microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates. Prog Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2012.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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121
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Tri PN, Domenek S, Guinault A, Sollogoub C. Crystallization behavior of poly(lactide)/poly(β-hydroxybutyrate)/talc composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.39056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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122
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Hikima Y, Morikawa J, Hashimoto T. Wavenumber Dependence of FT-IR Image of Molecular Orientation in Banded Spherulites of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and Poly(l-lactic acid). Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma302560q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Hikima
- Tokyo Institute Technology, 2-12-1, S8-29, Ookayama,
Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Junko Morikawa
- Tokyo Institute Technology, 2-12-1, S8-29, Ookayama,
Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Toshimasa Hashimoto
- Tokyo Institute Technology, 2-12-1, S8-29, Ookayama,
Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
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123
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Persico P, Ambrogi V, Baroni A, Santagata G, Carfagna C, Malinconico M, Cerruti P. Enhancement of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) thermal and processing stability using a bio-waste derived additive. Int J Biol Macromol 2012; 51:1151-8. [PMID: 22981827 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Revised: 08/03/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) is a biodegradable polymer, whose applicability is limited by its brittleness and narrow processing window. In this study a pomace extract (EP), from the bio-waste of winery industry, was used as thermal and processing stabilizer for PHB, aimed to engineer a totally bio-based system. The results showed that EP enhanced the thermal stability of PHB, which maintained high molecular weights after processing. This evidence was in agreement with the slower decrease in viscosity over time observed by rheological tests. EP also affected the melt crystallization kinetics and the overall crystallinity extent. Finally, dynamic mechanical and tensile tests showed that EP slightly improved the polymer ductility. The results are intriguing, in view of the development of sustainable alternatives to synthetic polymer additives, thus increasing the applicability of bio-based materials. Moreover, the reported results demonstrated the feasibility of the conversion of an agro-food by-product into a bio-resource in an environmentally friendly and cost-effective way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Persico
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry and Technology (ICTP-CNR), via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli (Na), Italy
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124
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Abdelwahab MA, Flynn A, Chiou BS, Imam S, Orts W, Chiellini E. Thermal, mechanical and morphological characterization of plasticized PLA–PHB blends. Polym Degrad Stab 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2012.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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125
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Nurkhamidah S, Woo EM, Tashiro K. Optical Birefringence Patterns and Corresponding Lamellar Alteration Induced by Solvent Vapor on Poly(l-lactic acid) Diluted with Poly(1,4-butylene adipate). Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma301374n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siti Nurkhamidah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - E. M. Woo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Kohji Tashiro
- Department of Future Industry-oriented
Basic Science and Materials, Toyota Technological Institute, Tempaku, Nagoya 468-8511, Japan
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126
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Domínguez-Díaz M, Romo-Uribe A. Viscoelastic behavior of biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoates. BIOINSPIRED BIOMIMETIC AND NANOBIOMATERIALS 2012. [DOI: 10.1680/bbn.12.00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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127
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S. de O. Patrício P, Pereira FV, dos Santos MC, de Souza PP, Roa JPB, Orefice RL. Increasing the elongation at break of polyhydroxybutyrate biopolymer: Effect of cellulose nanowhiskers on mechanical and thermal properties. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.37811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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128
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Ge H, Yang F, Hao Y, Wu G, Zhang H, Dong L. Thermal, mechanical, and rheological properties of plasticized poly(L-lactic acid). J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.37620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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129
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Koseva NS, Novakov CP, Rydz J, Kurcok P, Kowalczuk M. Synthesis of aPHB-PEG Brush Co-polymers through ATRP in a Macroinitiator–Macromonomer Feed System and Their Characterization. Des Monomers Polym 2012. [DOI: 10.1163/138577210x530675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Neli S. Koseva
- a Polish Academy of Sciences, Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, 34 M. Curie-Sklodowskiej Street, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Street, Bl. 103A, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Christo P. Novakov
- b Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Street, Bl. 103A, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Joanna Rydz
- c Polish Academy of Sciences, Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, 34 M. Curie-Sklodowskiej Street, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Piotr Kurcok
- d Polish Academy of Sciences, Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, 34 M. Curie-Sklodowskiej Street, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Marek Kowalczuk
- e Polish Academy of Sciences, Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, 34 M. Curie-Sklodowskiej Street, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
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130
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Sun X, Tokuda A, Oji Y, Nakatani T, Tsuji H, Ozaki Y, Yan S, Takahashi I. Effects of Molar Mass of Poly(l-lactide acid) on the Crystallization of Poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate] in Their Ultrathin Blend Films. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma202543s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource
Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Akihisa Tokuda
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Yusuke Oji
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakatani
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Hideto Tsuji
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Graduate School of
Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Ozaki
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Shouke Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource
Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Isao Takahashi
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
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131
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Kim MK, Ryu SR, Noda I, Jung YM. 2D Correlation Analysis of Spin-Coated Films of Biodegradable P(HB-co-HHx)/PEG Blends. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2011. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2011.32.11.4005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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132
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Modi S, Koelling K, Vodovotz Y. Miscibility of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) with high molecular weight poly(lactic acid) blends determined by thermal analysis. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.35343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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133
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Monitoring the in situ crystallization of native biopolyester granules in Ralstonia eutropha via infrared spectroscopy. J Microbiol Methods 2011; 87:49-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2011.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2010] [Revised: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 07/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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134
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Zhao Q, Wang S, Kong M, Geng W, Li RKY, Song C, Kong D. Phase morphology, physical properties, and biodegradation behavior of novel PLA/PHBHHx blends. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2011; 100:23-31. [PMID: 21953878 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2011] [Revised: 06/12/2011] [Accepted: 06/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In this study, two biodegradable polyesters [i.e., polylactic acid (PLA) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHHx)] with complementarity in terms of mechanical performance have been combined, and a series of blends with a broad range of compositions has been prepared by thermal compounding. The evolution of phase morphologies with the variation of compositions has been characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic imaging together with scanning electron microscope analyses. Thermal, mechanical, and biodegradation properties of the PLA/PHBHHx blends were systematically investigated. Mechanical properties were further analyzed by using theoretical models and correlated with the results of the morphology/structure and compatibility of the blends. Results indicate that PLA/PHBHHx blends are immiscible but can be compatible to some extent at certain compositions (e.g., PLA/PHBHHx (w/w) = 80/20 and 20/80). The physical properties of the blend could be fine tuned by adjusting the blend composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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135
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136
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Rathi S, Chen X, Coughlin EB, Hsu SL, Golub CS, Tzivanis MJ. Toughening semicrystalline poly(lactic acid) by morphology alteration. POLYMER 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2011.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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137
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Coltelli MB, Toncelli C, Ciardelli F, Bronco S. Compatible blends of biorelated polyesters through catalytic transesterification in the melt. Polym Degrad Stab 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2011.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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138
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El-Hadi AM. Effect of processing conditions on the development of morphological features of banded or nonbanded spherulites of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and polylactic acid (PLLA) blends. POLYM ENG SCI 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.21991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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139
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Zhang M, Thomas NL. Blending polylactic acid with polyhydroxybutyrate: The effect on thermal, mechanical, and biodegradation properties. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/adv.20235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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140
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Nurkhamidah S, Woo EM. Cracks and Ring Bands of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) on Precrystallized Poly(l-lactic acid) Template. Ind Eng Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/ie1024547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siti Nurkhamidah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - E. M. Woo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
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141
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Hong H, Wei J, Yuan Y, Chen FP, Wang J, Qu X, Liu CS. A novel composite coupled hardness with flexibleness-polylactic acid toughen with thermoplastic polyurethane. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.33675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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142
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Effects of molten poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) on crystalline morphology in stereocomplex of poly(L-lactic acid) with poly(D-lactic acid). POLYMER 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2010.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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143
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Manipulation of Polyhydroxybutyrate Properties through Blending with Ethyl-Cellulose for a Composite Biomaterial. INT J POLYM SCI 2011. [DOI: 10.1155/2011/651549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is widely used as a biomaterial in medical and tissue-engineering applications, a relatively high crystallinity limits its application. Blending PHB with ethyl-cellulose (EtC) was readily achieved to reduce PHB crystallinity and promote its degradation under physiological conditions without undue influence on biocompatibility. Material strength of composite films remained unchanged at 6.5±0.6 MPa with 40% (w/w) EtC loadings. Phase separation between the two biopolymers was determined with PHB crystallinity decreasing from 63% to 47% for films with the same loading. This reduction in crystallinity supported an increase in the degradation rates of composite films from 0.39 to 0.81% wk−1for PHB and its composite, respectively. No significant change in morphology and proliferation of olfactory ensheathing cells were observed with the composites despite significant increases in average surface roughness (Ra) of the films from 2.90 to 3.65 μm for PHB and blends with 80% (w/w) EtC, respectively.
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144
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López-Cuellar MR, Alba-Flores J, Rodríguez JNG, Pérez-Guevara F. Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) with canola oil as carbon source. Int J Biol Macromol 2010; 48:74-80. [PMID: 20933541 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2010.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2010] [Revised: 09/23/2010] [Accepted: 09/27/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Wautersia eutropha was able to synthesize medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) when canola oil was used as carbon source. W. eutropha was cultivated using fructose and ammonium sulphate as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively, for growth and inoculum development. The experiments were done in a laboratory scale bioreactor in three stages. Initially, the biomass was adapted in a batch culture. Secondly, a fed-batch was used to increase the cell dry weight and PHA concentration to 4.36 g L(-1) and 0.36 g L(-1), respectively. Finally, after the addition of canola oil as carbon source a final concentration of 18.27 g L(-1) PHA was obtained after 40 h of fermentation. With canola oil as carbon source, the polymer content of the cell dry matter was 90%. The polymer was purified from dried cells and analyzed by FTIR, NMR and DSC using PHB as reference. The polymer produced by W. eutropha from canola oil had four carbon monomers in the structure of the PHA and identified by 1H and 13C NMR analysis as 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB), 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV), 3-hydroxyoctanoate (3HO), and 3-hydroxydodecanoate (3HDD).
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Affiliation(s)
- M R López-Cuellar
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering, CINVESTAV, Av. IPN 2508, Zacatenco Gustavo A, Madero, México, D.F., Mexico
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145
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Jamshidian M, Tehrany EA, Imran M, Jacquot M, Desobry S. Poly-Lactic Acid: Production, Applications, Nanocomposites, and Release Studies. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2010; 9:552-571. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1541-4337.2010.00126.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 963] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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146
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Yen KC, Woo EM, Tashiro K. Microscopic Fourier Transform Infrared Characterization on Two Types of Spherulite with Polymorphic Crystals in Poly(heptamethylene terephthalate). Macromol Rapid Commun 2010; 31:1343-7. [PMID: 21567533 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201000054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2010] [Revised: 03/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
FTIR microspectrometry with in situ temperature variation and IR-peak-mapping capability, and POM characterization were used to study the crystal distribution in dual spherulites in poly(heptamethylene terephthalate). By tracing the crystalline IR bands of the α-crystal and β-crystal to get the crystal distribution, the techniques resolve that the ringed and ringless spherulites comprise α- and β-crystals, respectively. In addition, temperature-dependent IR analyses on the spots related to the two crystals also reveal the α- and β-crystals melt at 98 and 104 °C, respectively. The ringed and ringless spherulites were proven to be correlated with the α- and β-crystal forms, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Cheng Yen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
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147
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Choi HC, Ryu SR, Ji H, Kim SB, Noda I, Jung YM. Two-Dimensional Heterospectral Correlation Analysis of X-ray Photoelectron Spectra and Infrared Spectra for Spin-Coated Films of Biodegradable Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) Copolymers. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:10979-85. [DOI: 10.1021/jp103288x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Chul Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea, Department of Chemistry and Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion Technology, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 200-701, Korea, Department of Chemistry, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, Korea, and The Procter & Gamble Company, West Chester, Ohio 45069
| | - Soo Ryeon Ryu
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea, Department of Chemistry and Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion Technology, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 200-701, Korea, Department of Chemistry, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, Korea, and The Procter & Gamble Company, West Chester, Ohio 45069
| | - Ho Ji
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea, Department of Chemistry and Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion Technology, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 200-701, Korea, Department of Chemistry, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, Korea, and The Procter & Gamble Company, West Chester, Ohio 45069
| | - Seung Bin Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea, Department of Chemistry and Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion Technology, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 200-701, Korea, Department of Chemistry, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, Korea, and The Procter & Gamble Company, West Chester, Ohio 45069
| | - Isao Noda
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea, Department of Chemistry and Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion Technology, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 200-701, Korea, Department of Chemistry, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, Korea, and The Procter & Gamble Company, West Chester, Ohio 45069
| | - Young Mee Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea, Department of Chemistry and Institute for Molecular Science and Fusion Technology, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 200-701, Korea, Department of Chemistry, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, Korea, and The Procter & Gamble Company, West Chester, Ohio 45069
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148
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Kuo SW, Liu WC. Miscibility enhancement through hydrogen bonding interaction of biodegradable poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) blending with poly(styrene-co-vinyl phenol) copolymer. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.32528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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149
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Merten C, Kowalik T, Aßhoff SJ, Hartwig A. FTIR Imaging of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and Isotactic Poly(propylene oxide) Spherulites. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201000008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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150
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Ni C, Luo R, Xu K, Chen GQ. Thermal and crystallinity property studies of poly (L-lactic acid) blended with oligomers of 3-hydroxybutyrate or dendrimers of hydroxyalkanoic acids. J Appl Polym Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/app.29182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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