101
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Tuteja A, Mackay ME, Hawker CJ, Van Horn B. Effect of Ideal, Organic Nanoparticles on the Flow Properties of Linear Polymers: Non-Einstein-like Behavior. Macromolecules 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/ma050974h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anish Tuteja
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - Michael E. Mackay
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - Craig J. Hawker
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106
| | - Brooke Van Horn
- IBM Almaden Laboratory, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, California 95120
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102
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Krishnan RS, Mackay ME, Hawker CJ, Van Horn B. Influence of molecular architecture on the dewetting of thin polystyrene films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2005; 21:5770-6. [PMID: 15952821 DOI: 10.1021/la0474060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The control of dewetting for thin polymer films is a technical challenge and of significant academic interest. We have used polystyrene nanoparticles to inhibit dewetting of high molecular weight, linear polystyrene, demonstrating that molecular architecture has a unique effect on surface properties. Neutron reflectivity measurements were used to demonstrate that the nanoparticles were uniformly distributed in the thin (ca. 40 nm) film prior to high temperature annealing, yet after annealing, they were found to separate to the solid substrate, a silanized silicon wafer. Dewetting was eliminated when the nanoparticles separated to form a monolayer or above while below this surface coverage the dewetting dynamics was severely retarded. Blending linear polystyrene of similar molecular weight to the polystyrene nanoparticle with the high molecular weight polystyrene did not eliminate dewetting.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Krishnan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
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103
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104
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Harada M, Suzuki T, Ohya M, Kawaguchi D, Takano A, Matsushita Y. Novel Miscible Polymer Blend of Poly(4-trimethylsilylstyrene) and Polyisoprene. Macromolecules 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/ma048527+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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105
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Gagliardi S, Arrighi V, Ferguson R, Dagger AC, Semlyen JA, Higgins JS. On the difference in scattering behavior of cyclic and linear polymers in bulk. J Chem Phys 2005; 122:064904. [PMID: 15740405 DOI: 10.1063/1.1849162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been suggested that, due to topological constraints, rings in the melt may assume a more compact shape than Gaussian chains. In this paper, we exploit the availability of narrow fractions of perdeuterated linear and cyclic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and, through the analysis of the small angle neutron scattering (SANS) profiles, demonstrate the difference in scattering properties of linear and cyclic PDMS molecules. As expected for Gaussian chains, for the H/D linear PDMS samples, log-log plots of the scattered intensity versus scattering vector Q display a Q((-2)) dependence. However, for H/D cyclic blends, the scaling exponent is higher than 2, as predicted by computer simulations reported in the literature. We show that cyclic molecules in bulk display the characteristic maximum in plots of scattered intensity versus Q((-2)) that is expected on the basis of Monte Carlo calculations and from the Casassa equation [E. F. Casassa, J. Polym. Sci. A 3, 605 (1965)]. It is also shown that, for rings, the Debye equation [P. Debye, J. Appl. Phys. 15, 338 (1944)] is no longer appropriate to describe the SANS profiles of H/D cyclic blends, at least up to M(w) approximately 10 000. For these samples, the Casassa form factor gives a better representation of the SANS data and we show that this function which was developed for monodisperse cyclics is still adequate to describe our slightly polydisperse samples. Deviations from all above observations are noted for M(w)>11 000 and are attributed to partial contamination of cyclic samples with linear chains. The failure of both the Debye and the Casassa form factors could be due to contamination of the cyclic fractions by linear polymers or to a real conformational change.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gagliardi
- Chemistry, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Riccarton, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
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106
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Harada M, Suzuki T, Ohya M, Takano A, Matsushita Y. Preparation of Partially Deuterium-labeled Poly(4-trimethylsilylstyrene)s and Unperturbed Dimensions in Bulk. Polym J 2004. [DOI: 10.1295/polymj.36.538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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107
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108
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Ding Y, Sokolov AP. Comment on the dynamic bead size and Kuhn segment length in polymers: Example of polystyrene. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.20235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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109
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110
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifu Ding
- Department of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909
| | - A. Kisliuk
- Department of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909
| | - A. P. Sokolov
- Department of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909
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111
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Yokouchi T, Izumi Y, Matsufuji T, Jinbo Y, Yoshino H. Unfolding intermediate of a multidomain protein, calmodulin, in urea as revealed by small-angle X-ray scattering. FEBS Lett 2003; 551:119-22. [PMID: 12965215 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(03)00907-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The denaturation of calmodulin (CaM) induced by urea has been studied by small-angle X-ray scattering, which is a direct way to evaluate the shape changes in a protein molecule. In the absence of Ca(2+), the radii of gyration (R(g)) of CaM are 20.8+/-0.3 A in the native state and about 34+/-1.0 A in the unfolded state. The transition curve derived from Kratky plots indicates a bimodal transition via a stable unfolding intermediate around 2.5 M urea. In the presence of Ca(2+) and in the presence of both Ca(2+) and a target peptide, the R(g) values are 21.5+/-0.3 and 18.1+/-0.3 A in the native state and 26.7+/-0.4 and 24.9+/-0.4 A at 9 M urea, respectively. The results indicate that a stable unfolding intermediate still persists in 9 M urea. The present results suggest that the shape of unfolding intermediates is an asymmetric dumbbell-like structure, one in the folded and one in the unfolded state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Yokouchi
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jo-nan, 992-8510 Yonezawa, Japan
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112
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113
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114
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115
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Benoît H, Koberstein J, Leibler L. Small angle neutron scattering from mixture of labelled and unlabelled chains and from partially labelled chains. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.1981.020041981107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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116
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Huang JR, Witten TA. Universal Ratios of Characteristic Lengths in Semidilute Polymer Solutions. Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma020792c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Ren Huang
- James Franck Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Thomas A. Witten
- James Franck Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637
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117
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Serrano B, Baselga J, Piérola IF. Fluorescence Lifetime Distributions of Labeled Amorphous Polymers in Bulk. Polym J 2002. [DOI: 10.1295/polymj.34.905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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118
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Li D, Liu Z, Han B, Yang G, Song L, Wang J, Dong B. Thermodynamic Nature of Monodisperse Polystyrene in Mixed Solvent of Cyclohexane and Antisolvent Carbon Dioxide Using Synchrotron Small-Angle X-ray Scattering. Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma021293e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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119
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Mackay ME, Hong Y, Jeong M, Tande BM, Wagner NJ, Hong S, Gido SP, Vestberg R, Hawker CJ. Microphase Separation of Hybrid Dendron−Linear Diblock Copolymers into Ordered Structures. Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0204608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael E. Mackay
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
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120
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Takano A, Nonaka A, Kadoi O, Hirahara K, Kawahara S, Isono Y, Torikai N, Matsushita Y. Preparation and characterization of cyclic polystyrene with short poly(2-tert-butylbutadiene) sequences. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.10183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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121
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Application of statistical mechanics to the analysis of various physical properties of elastomeric networks — a review. POLYMER 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(01)00588-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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122
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Henri C. Benoit. Macromolecules 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0117514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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123
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124
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Jeong M, Mackay ME, Vestberg R, Hawker CJ. Intrinsic Viscosity Variation in Different Solvents for Dendrimers and Their Hybrid Copolymers with Linear Polymers. Macromolecules 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0021343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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125
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Ma L, Bin Y, Sakai Y, Chen Q, Kurosu H, Matsuo M. Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Copolymer Ethylene−Methyl Methacrylate Films as a Function of Temperature Estimated by Polarized Light Scattering, X-ray, and 13C NMR. Macromolecules 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/ma002110w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ma
- Department of Textile and Apparel Science, Faculty of Human Life and Environment Nara Women's University, Nara 630-8263, Japan
| | - Yuezhen Bin
- Department of Textile and Apparel Science, Faculty of Human Life and Environment Nara Women's University, Nara 630-8263, Japan
| | - Yuko Sakai
- Department of Textile and Apparel Science, Faculty of Human Life and Environment Nara Women's University, Nara 630-8263, Japan
| | - Qun Chen
- Department of Textile and Apparel Science, Faculty of Human Life and Environment Nara Women's University, Nara 630-8263, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Kurosu
- Department of Textile and Apparel Science, Faculty of Human Life and Environment Nara Women's University, Nara 630-8263, Japan
| | - Masaru Matsuo
- Department of Textile and Apparel Science, Faculty of Human Life and Environment Nara Women's University, Nara 630-8263, Japan
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126
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Kim SD, Klein A, Sperling LH, Boczar EM, Bauer BJ. SANS Study of Sulfonate End Group Effect on Polystyrene Self-Diffusion. Macromolecules 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ma000432u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. D. Kim
- Center for Polymer Science and Engineering, Polymer Interfaces Center, Materials Research Center, Department of Physics, Emulsion Polymers Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015-3194
| | - A. Klein
- Center for Polymer Science and Engineering, Polymer Interfaces Center, Materials Research Center, Department of Physics, Emulsion Polymers Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015-3194
| | - L. H. Sperling
- Center for Polymer Science and Engineering, Polymer Interfaces Center, Materials Research Center, Department of Physics, Emulsion Polymers Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015-3194
| | - E. M. Boczar
- Rohm and Haas Company, 727 Norristown Rd, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477
| | - B. J. Bauer
- Polymer Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
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127
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Mathur D, Hariharan R, Nauman E. A scaling model for the prediction of micellization of diblocks in polymer melts. POLYMER 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(98)00827-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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128
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Jo WH, Jang SS. Monte Carlo simulation of the order–disorder transition of a symmetric cyclic diblock copolymer system. J Chem Phys 1999. [DOI: 10.1063/1.479431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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129
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Nies E, Wang S, Janssen RHC, Cifra P. The Excluded Volume Problem in the Polymer Reference Interaction Site Model. Macromolecules 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ma971381c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erik Nies
- Eindhoven Polymer Laboratories, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Suxin Wang
- Eindhoven Polymer Laboratories, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Rob H. C. Janssen
- Eindhoven Polymer Laboratories, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Cifra
- Polymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 842 36 Bratislava, Slovakia
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130
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Jo WH, Kim JG, Jang SS, Youk JH, Lee SC. Effects of Ester Interchange Reactions on the Phase Behavior of an Immiscible Polyester Blend: Monte Carlo Simulation. Macromolecules 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ma980515z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Won Ho Jo
- Department of Fiber and Polymer Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Jong Geun Kim
- Department of Fiber and Polymer Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Seung Soon Jang
- Department of Fiber and Polymer Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Ji Ho Youk
- Department of Fiber and Polymer Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Sang Cheol Lee
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Kumoh National University of Technology, Kumi 730-701, Korea
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131
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Melnichenko YB, Wignall GD, Van Hook WA, Szydlowski J, Wilczura H, Rebelo LP. Comparison of Inter- and Intramolecular Correlations of Polystyrene in Poor and ϑ Solvents via Small-Angle Neutron Scattering. Macromolecules 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ma9812480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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132
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133
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Jannasch P. Surface Structure and Dynamics of Block and Graft Copolymers Having Fluorinated Poly(ethylene oxide) Chain Ends. Macromolecules 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ma971351+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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134
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Landry MR. Scaling Behavior of Swollen Chains in Bimodal Molecular Weight Blends. Macromolecules 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/ma970270a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael R. Landry
- Imaging Research and Advanced Development, Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, New York 14650-2132
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135
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136
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Li MH, Brüclet A, Keller P, Cotton JP. Conformation of main chain liquid crystal polymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1080/10448639708231972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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137
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Hopkinson I, Kiff F, Richards R, Bucknall D, Clough A. Equilibrium concentration profiles of physically end tethered polystyrene molecules at the air-polymer interface. POLYMER 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(96)00482-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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138
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Variations on contrast in SANS: determination of self and distinct correlation functions. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0001-8686(96)00306-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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139
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Garas GE, Kosmas MK. The effect of chain correlations on the size of polymer coils in binary polymer blends. J Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1063/1.472317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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140
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Liquid crystal polymers: evidence of hairpin defects in nematic main chains, comparison with side chain polymers. J Mol Struct 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2860(96)09261-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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141
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Lee HS, Jo WH. Estimation of EOS interaction parameters from scattering and predictions of phase diagram from them. POLYMER 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(96)89393-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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142
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Noirez L, Lapp A. Steady-state shear experiments on a side-chain liquid-crystal polymer: Determination of the polymer conformation and liquid-crystal structure. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 1996; 53:6115-6120. [PMID: 9964972 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.53.6115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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143
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Smith DE, Perkins TT, Chu S. Self-diffusion of an entangled DNA molecule by reptation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1995; 75:4146-4149. [PMID: 10059826 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.75.4146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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144
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Clough N, Hopkinson I, Richards R, Ibrahim T, King S. Calorimetric and small-angle neutron scattering investigation of an ethylene-vinyl acetate blend. POLYMER 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(95)92220-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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145
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146
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Cosgrove T, Griffiths P. The critical overlap concentration measured by pulsed field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. POLYMER 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(94)90504-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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147
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Boothroyd AT, Rennie AR, Wignall GD. Temperature coefficients for the chain dimensions of polystyrene and polymethylmethacrylate. J Chem Phys 1993. [DOI: 10.1063/1.465528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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148
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Li MH, Brûlet A, Davidson P, Keller P, Cotton JP. Observation of hairpin defects in a nematic main-chain polyester. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1993; 70:2297-2300. [PMID: 10053525 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.70.2297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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149
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150
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Elgsaeter A, Mikkelsen A. Shapes and shape changes in vitro in normal red blood cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1991; 1071:273-90. [PMID: 1958690 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4157(91)90017-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Elgsaeter
- University of Trondheim, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Norway
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