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Liu Y, Tang T, Yang X, Qin P, Wang P, Zhang H, Bai M, Wu R, Li F. Tumor-derived exosomal long noncoding RNA LINC01133, regulated by Periostin, contributes to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma epithelial-mesenchymal transition through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by silencing AXIN2. Oncogene 2021; 40:3164-3179. [PMID: 33824474 PMCID: PMC8084735 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01762-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most fatal malignancies and rapidly progressive diseases. Exosomes and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as vital mediators in tumor cells and their microenvironment. However, the detailed roles and mechanisms of exosomal lncRNAs in PDAC progression remain unknown. Here, we aimed to clarify the clinical significance and mechanisms of exosomal lncRNA 01133 (LINC01133) in PDAC. We analyzed the expression of LINC01133 in PDAC and found that exosomal LINC01133 expression was high and positively correlated with higher TNM stage and poor overall survival rate of PDAC patients. Further research demonstrated that Periostin could increase exosome secretion and then enhance LINC01133 expression. In addition, Periostin increased p-EGFR, p-Erk, and c-myc expression, and c-myc could bind to the LINC01133 promoter region. These findings suggested that LINC01133 can be regulated by Periostin via EGFR pathway activity. We also observed that LINC01133 promoted the proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of pancreatic cancer cells. We subsequently evaluated the effect of LINC01133 on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and confirmed that LINC01133 can interact with Enhancer Of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2) and then promote H3K27 trimethylation. This can further silence AXIN2 and suppress GSK3 activity, ultimately activating β-catenin. Collectively, these data indicate that exosomal LINC01133 plays an important role in pancreatic tumor progression, and targeting LINC01133 may provide a potential treatment strategy for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianchi Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaosheng Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Qin
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pusen Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiping Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital/Maternity and Infant Health Hospital affiliated East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Bai
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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102
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HomeoboxC6 promotes metastasis by orchestrating the DKK1/Wnt/β-catenin axis in right-sided colon cancer. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:337. [PMID: 33795652 PMCID: PMC8016886 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03630-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Patients with right-sided colon cancer (RCC) generally have a poorer prognosis than those with left-sided colon cancer (LCC). We previously found that homeobox C6 (HOXC6) was the most significantly upregulated gene in RCC compared to LCC. However, it remains unclear whether HOXC6 plays a role in tumor proliferation and metastasis. Our study aimed to explore the potential oncogenic role and the detailed molecular mechanism of HOXC6 in RCC. In this study, HOXC6 was validated to be overexpressed in RCC and associated with poor prognosis. Furthermore, overexpression of HOXC6 promoted the migration and invasion of colon cancer cells through inducing EMT by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and inhibition of DKK1 secretion. Lastly, we preliminary explored the translational effect of HOXC6 and found that silencing of HOXC6 made HCT116 and HT29 cells more sensitive to irinotecan.
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103
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Cell Cytoskeleton and Stiffness Are Mechanical Indicators of Organotropism in Breast Cancer. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10040259. [PMID: 33805866 PMCID: PMC8064360 DOI: 10.3390/biology10040259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer cell dissemination exhibits organ preference or organotropism. Although the influence of intrinsic biochemical factors on organotropism has been intensely studied, little is known about the roles of mechanical properties of metastatic cancer cells. Our study suggests that there may be a correlation between cell cytoskeleton/stiffness and organotropism. We find that the cytoskeleton and stiffness of breast cancer cell subpopulations with different metastatic preference match the mechanics of the metastasized organs. The modification of cell cytoskeleton significantly influences the organotropism-related gene expression pattern and mechanoresponses on soft substrates which mimic brain tissue stiffness. These findings highlight the key role of cell cytoskeleton in specific organ metastasis, which may not only reflect but also impact the metastatic organ preference. Abstract Tumor metastasis involves the dissemination of tumor cells from the primary lesion to other organs and the subsequent formation of secondary tumors, which leads to the majority of cancer-related deaths. Clinical findings show that cancer cell dissemination is not random but exhibits organ preference or organotropism. While intrinsic biochemical factors of cancer cells have been extensively studied in organotropism, much less is known about the role of cell cytoskeleton and mechanics. Herein, we demonstrate that cell cytoskeleton and mechanics are correlated with organotropism. The result of cell stiffness measurements shows that breast cancer cells with bone tropism are much stiffer with enhanced F-actin, while tumor cells with brain tropism are softer with lower F-actin than their parental cells. The difference in cellular stiffness matches the difference in the rigidity of their metastasized organs. Further, disrupting the cytoskeleton of breast cancer cells with bone tropism not only elevates the expressions of brain metastasis-related genes but also increases cell spreading and proliferation on soft substrates mimicking the stiffness of brain tissue. Stabilizing the cytoskeleton of cancer cells with brain tropism upregulates bone metastasis-related genes while reduces the mechanoadaptation ability on soft substrates. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that cell cytoskeleton and biophysical properties of breast cancer subpopulations correlate with their metastatic preference in terms of gene expression pattern and mechanoadaptation ability, implying the potential role of cell cytoskeleton in organotropism.
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104
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McFarlane AJ, Fercoq F, Coffelt SB, Carlin LM. Neutrophil dynamics in the tumor microenvironment. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:143759. [PMID: 33720040 PMCID: PMC7954585 DOI: 10.1172/jci143759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment profoundly influences the behavior of recruited leukocytes and tissue-resident immune cells. These immune cells, which inherently have environmentally driven plasticity necessary for their roles in tissue homeostasis, dynamically interact with tumor cells and the tumor stroma and play critical roles in determining the course of disease. Among these immune cells, neutrophils were once considered much more static within the tumor microenvironment; however, some of these earlier assumptions were the product of the notorious difficulty in manipulating neutrophils in vitro. Technological advances that allow us to study neutrophils in context are now revealing the true roles of neutrophils in the tumor microenvironment. Here we discuss recent data generated by some of these tools and how these data might be synthesized into more elegant ways of targeting these powerful and abundant effector immune cells in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frédéric Fercoq
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Seth B. Coffelt
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Leo M. Carlin
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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105
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Yeeravalli R, Das A. Molecular mediators of breast cancer metastasis. Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Ther 2021; 14:275-289. [PMID: 33744312 DOI: 10.1016/j.hemonc.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer has the highest incidence rate of malignancy in women worldwide. A major clinical challenge faced by patients with breast cancer treated by conventional therapies is frequent relapse. This relapse has been attributed to the cancer stem cell (CSC) population that resides within the tumor and possess stemness properties. Breast CSCs are generated when breast cancer cells undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition resulting in aggressive, highly metastatic, and invasive phenotypes that exhibit resistance towards chemotherapeutics. Metastasis, a phenomenon that aids in the migration of breast CSCs, occurs through any of three different routes: hematogenous, lymphatic, and transcoelomic. Hematogenous dissemination of breast CSCs leads to metastasis towards distant unrelated organs like lungs, liver, bone, and brain causing secondary tumor generation. Activation of metastasis genes or silencing of metastasis suppressor genes often leads to the advancement of metastasis. This review focuses on various genes and molecular factors that have been implicated to regulate organ-specific breast cancer metastasis by defying the available therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragini Yeeravalli
- Department of Applied Biology, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Amitava Das
- Department of Applied Biology, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, India.
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106
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Xiao Y, Cong M, Li J, He D, Wu Q, Tian P, Wang Y, Yang S, Liang C, Liang Y, Wen J, Liu Y, Luo W, Lv X, He Y, Cheng DD, Zhou T, Zhao W, Zhang P, Zhang X, Xiao Y, Qian Y, Wang H, Gao Q, Yang QC, Yang Q, Hu G. Cathepsin C promotes breast cancer lung metastasis by modulating neutrophil infiltration and neutrophil extracellular trap formation. Cancer Cell 2021; 39:423-437.e7. [PMID: 33450198 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Lung metastasis is the major cause of breast cancer-related mortality. The neutrophil-associated inflammatory microenvironment aids tumor cells in metastatic colonization in lungs. Here, we show that tumor-secreted protease cathepsin C (CTSC) promotes breast-to-lung metastasis by regulating recruitment of neutrophils and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). CTSC enzymatically activates neutrophil membrane-bound proteinase 3 (PR3) to facilitate interleukin-1β (IL-1β) processing and nuclear factor κB activation, thus upregulating IL-6 and CCL3 for neutrophil recruitment. In addition, the CTSC-PR3-IL-1β axis induces neutrophil reactive oxygen species production and formation of NETs, which degrade thrombospondin-1 and support metastatic growth of cancer cells in the lungs. CTSC expression and secretion are associated with NET formation and lung metastasis in human breast tumors. Importantly, targeting CTSC with compound AZD7986 effectively suppresses lung metastasis of breast cancer in a mouse model. Overall, our findings reveal a mechanism of how tumor cells regulate neutrophils in metastatic niches and support CTSC-targeting approaches for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansen Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Min Cong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Jiatao Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Dasa He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Qiuyao Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Pu Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Shuaixi Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chenxi Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yajun Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jili Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yingjie Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Wenqian Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xianzhe Lv
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yunfei He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Dong-Dong Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Tianhao Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, 250012, China
| | - Peiyuan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yichuan Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Youcun Qian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Hongxia Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qing-Cheng Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Qifeng Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, 250012, China
| | - Guohong Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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107
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Esposito M, Fang C, Cook KC, Park N, Wei Y, Spadazzi C, Bracha D, Gunaratna RT, Laevsky G, DeCoste CJ, Slabodkin H, Brangwynne CP, Cristea IM, Kang Y. TGF-β-induced DACT1 biomolecular condensates repress Wnt signalling to promote bone metastasis. Nat Cell Biol 2021; 23:257-267. [PMID: 33723425 PMCID: PMC7970447 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-021-00641-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The complexity of intracellular signalling requires both a diversity of molecular players and the sequestration of activity to unique compartments within the cell. Recent findings on the role of liquid-liquid phase separation provide a distinct mechanism for the spatial segregation of proteins to regulate signalling pathway crosstalk. Here, we discover that DACT1 is induced by TGFβ and forms protein condensates in the cytoplasm to repress Wnt signalling. These condensates do not localize to any known organelles but, rather, exist as phase-separated proteinaceous cytoplasmic bodies. The deletion of intrinsically disordered domains within the DACT1 protein eliminates its ability to both form protein condensates and suppress Wnt signalling. Isolation and mass spectrometry analysis of these particles revealed a complex of protein machinery that sequesters casein kinase 2-a Wnt pathway activator. We further demonstrate that DACT1 condensates are maintained in vivo and that DACT1 is critical to breast and prostate cancer bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Esposito
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Cao Fang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Katelyn C Cook
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Nana Park
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Yong Wei
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Chiara Spadazzi
- Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Dan Bracha
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Ramesh T Gunaratna
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Gary Laevsky
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | | | - Hannah Slabodkin
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Clifford P Brangwynne
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Ileana M Cristea
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Yibin Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
- Cancer Metabolism and Growth Program, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
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108
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Sui Q, Liu D, Jiang W, Tang J, Kong L, Han K, Liao L, Li Y, Ou Q, Xiao B, Liu G, Ling Y, Chen J, Liu Z, Zuo Z, Pan Z, Zhou P, Zheng J, Ding PR. Dickkopf 1 impairs the tumor response to PD-1 blockade by inactivating CD8+ T cells in deficient mismatch repair colorectal cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:e001498. [PMID: 33782107 PMCID: PMC8009229 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dickkopf 1 (DKK1) is associated with tumor progression. However, whether DKK1 influences the tumor response to programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blockade in colorectal cancers (CRCs) with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) or microsatellite instability (MSI) has never been clarified. METHODS Tumor tissues from 80 patients with dMMR CRC were evaluated for DKK1 expression and immune status via immunohistochemistry. Serum DKK1 was measured in another set of 43 patients who received PD-1 blockade therapy. CT26 cells and dMMR CRC organoids were cocultured with T cells, and CT26-grafted BALB/c mice were also constructed. T-cell cytotoxicity was assessed by apoptosis assays and flow cytometry. The pathway through which DKK1 regulates CD8+ T cells was investigated using RNA sequencing, and chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays were conducted to determine the downstream transcription factors of DKK1. RESULTS Elevated DKK1 expression was associated with recurrence and decreased CD8+ T-cell infiltration in dMMR CRCs, and patients with high-serum DKK1 had a poor response to PD-1 blockade. RNA interference or neutralization of DKK1 in CRC cells enhanced CD8+ T-cell cytotoxicity, while DKK1 decreased T-bet expression and activated GSK3β in CD8+ T cells. In addition, E2F1, a downstream transcription factor of GSK3β, directly upregulated T-bet expression. In organoid models, the proportion of apoptotic cells was elevated after individual neutralization of PD-1 or DKK1 and was further increased on combined neutralization of PD-1 and DKK1. CONCLUSIONS DKK1 suppressed the antitumor immune reaction through the GSK3β/E2F1/T-bet axis in CD8+ T cells. Elevated serum DKK1 predicted poor tumor response to PD-1 blockade in dMMR/MSI CRCs, and DKK1 neutralization may restore sensitivity to PD-1 blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoqi Sui
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dingxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wu Jiang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinghua Tang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingheng Kong
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Han
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Leen Liao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingjian Ou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Binyi Xiao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guochen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, , Guangzhou, China
| | - Yihong Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiewei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zexian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhixiang Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhizhong Pan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Penghui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei-Rong Ding
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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109
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Esposito M, Ganesan S, Kang Y. Emerging strategies for treating metastasis. NATURE CANCER 2021; 2:258-270. [PMID: 33899000 PMCID: PMC8064405 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-021-00181-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The systemic spread of tumor cells is the ultimate cause of the majority of deaths from cancer, yet few successful therapeutic strategies have emerged to specifically target metastasis. Here we discuss recent advances in our understanding of tumor-intrinsic pathways driving metastatic colonization and therapeutic resistance, as well as immune activating strategies to target metastatic disease. We focus on therapeutically exploitable mechanisms, promising strategies in preclinical and clinical development, and emerging areas with potential to become innovative treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Esposito
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Shridar Ganesan
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Center for Systems and Computational Biology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Yibin Kang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
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110
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Nakayama J, Han Y, Kuroiwa Y, Azuma K, Yamamoto Y, Semba K. The In Vivo Selection Method in Breast Cancer Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1886. [PMID: 33672831 PMCID: PMC7918415 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a complex event in cancer progression and causes most deaths from cancer. Repeated transplantation of metastatic cancer cells derived from transplanted murine organs can be used to select the population of highly metastatic cancer cells; this method is called as in vivo selection. The in vivo selection method and highly metastatic cancer cell lines have contributed to reveal the molecular mechanisms of cancer metastasis. Here, we present an overview of the methodology for the in vivo selection method. Recent comparative analysis of the transplantation methods for metastasis have revealed the divergence of metastasis gene signatures. Even cancer cells that metastasize to the same organ show various metastatic cascades and gene expression patterns by changing the transplantation method for the in vivo selection. These findings suggest that the selection of metastasis models for the study of metastasis gene signatures has the potential to influence research results. The study of novel gene signatures that are identified from novel highly metastatic cell lines and patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) will be helpful for understanding the novel mechanisms of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Nakayama
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (Y.K.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yuxuan Han
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan; (Y.H.); (K.A.); (K.S.)
| | - Yuka Kuroiwa
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (Y.K.); (Y.Y.)
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan; (Y.H.); (K.A.); (K.S.)
| | - Kazushi Azuma
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan; (Y.H.); (K.A.); (K.S.)
| | - Yusuke Yamamoto
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (Y.K.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Kentaro Semba
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan; (Y.H.); (K.A.); (K.S.)
- Department of Cell Factory, Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
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111
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Le J, Fu Y, Han Q, Ma Y, Ji H, Wei X, Chen Y, Sun Y, Gao Y, Wu H. Transcriptome Analysis of the Inhibitory Effect of Sennoside A on the Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:566099. [PMID: 33708105 PMCID: PMC7942274 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.566099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sennoside A (SA) is a bioactive component of Rheum officinale Baill. with an activity of irritant laxative, which has been reported to possess therapeutic potential in various diseases or conditions including obesity, insulin resistance, liver steatosis, prostate cancer and pancreatic cancer progression. However, whether SA has therapeutic potential in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment remains elusive. In this study, we treated two HCC cell lines, HepG2 and SMMC-7721 with SA and found that SA selectively inhibited the growth of HCC cells by proliferation assay. SA has a good inhibitory effect on proliferation of HepG2 cells in a concentration dependent manner, but there was no effect on SMMC-7721 cells. Then we conducted transwell assays and transcriptome analysis in HCC cells and examined the effects of SA on HCC in vivo. The results showed that SA significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of HCC. Comparison of RNA-seq transcriptome profiles from control groups and SA-treated groups identified 171 and 264 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells respectively, in which includes 2 overlapping up-regulated DEGs and 12 overlapping down-regulated DEGs between HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells. The qPCR were applied to investigate the transcriptional level of 9 overlapping down-regulated DEGs related to cancer metastasis, and the results were consistent with RNA-seq data. The dominate pathways including Wnt signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, VEGF signaling pathway, and NF-κB signaling pathway were strongly inhibited by SA, which are involved in regulating cancer metastasis. Finally, we confirmed that the downregulation of KRT7 and KRT81 could inhibit HCC metastasis. This study has provided new insight into the understanding of the inhibitory effects and potential targets of SA on the metastasis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamei Le
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Fu
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiuqin Han
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujie Ma
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Houlin Ji
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xindong Wei
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Chen
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongning Sun
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueqiu Gao
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Department of Liver Diseases, Central Laboratory, ShuGuang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Cellular Immunity, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hailong Wu
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
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112
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Wang L, Zhang S, Wang X. The Metabolic Mechanisms of Breast Cancer Metastasis. Front Oncol 2021; 10:602416. [PMID: 33489906 PMCID: PMC7817624 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.602416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancy among women worldwide. Metastasis is mainly responsible for treatment failure and is the cause of most breast cancer deaths. The role of metabolism in the progression and metastasis of breast cancer is gradually being emphasized. However, the regulatory mechanisms that conduce to cancer metastasis by metabolic reprogramming in breast cancer have not been expounded. Breast cancer cells exhibit different metabolic phenotypes depending on their molecular subtypes and metastatic sites. Both intrinsic factors, such as MYC amplification, PIK3CA, and TP53 mutations, and extrinsic factors, such as hypoxia, oxidative stress, and acidosis, contribute to different metabolic reprogramming phenotypes in metastatic breast cancers. Understanding the metabolic mechanisms underlying breast cancer metastasis will provide important clues to develop novel therapeutic approaches for treatment of metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Surgical Oncology and Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shizhen Zhang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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113
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Gan DX, Wang YB, He MY, Chen ZY, Qin XX, Miao ZW, Chen YH, Li B. Lung Cancer Cells-Controlled Dkk-1 Production in Brain Metastatic Cascade Drive Microglia to Acquire a Pro-tumorigenic Phenotype. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:591405. [PMID: 33384994 PMCID: PMC7769850 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.591405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Organotropism is primarily determined by tumor-derived exosomes. To date, the role of lung cancer cells-derived exosomes underlying the pre-metastatic niche formation is unclear. Materials and Methods The animal models of retro-orbital and intra-ventricular injection were constructed to administrate lung cancer cells-derived exosomes. Cytokine array was used to screen the cytokines released from brain endothelium after internalization of lung cancer cells-derived exosomes. The cellular co-culture system was established to mimic microglia-vascular niche contained lung cancer cells-derived exosomes. The levels of Dkk-1 and the activities of microglia were analyzed by qRT-PCR, western blot and immunofluorescence. In vivo selections of highly brain metastatic cells were performed to analyze the direct interaction of lung cancer cells with microglia. Results Animal studies demonstrated that there was a suppressive signal transferred from brain endothelium to microglia after internalization of lung cancer cells-derived exosomes into brain endothelium, which caused an absolutely less M1 phenotypic microglia and a relatively more M2 phenotypic microglia. Further results indicated that lung cancer cells-derived exosomes induced a release of endogenous Dkk-1 from brain endothelium, which rendered microglia to acquire a pro-tumorigenic feature in pre-metastatic niche. Subsequently, the declines of Dkk-1 in metastatic lung cancer cells removed the suppression on microglia and enhanced microglial activation in metastatic niche. Conclusion Our findings shed a new light on the synergistic reaction of the different cells in “neurovascular units” toward the metastatic messages from lung cancer cells and provided a potential therapeutic pathway for lung cancer metastasis to brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Xue Gan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, Department of Developmental Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi-Bei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, Department of Developmental Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ming-Yang He
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, Department of Developmental Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zi-Yang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, Department of Developmental Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiao-Xue Qin
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, Department of Developmental Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zi-Wei Miao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, Department of Developmental Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu-Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, Department of Developmental Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bo Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, Department of Developmental Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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114
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Yuan X, Qian N, Ling S, Li Y, Sun W, Li J, Du R, Zhong G, Liu C, Yu G, Cao D, Liu Z, Wang Y, Qi Z, Yao Y, Wang F, Liu J, Hao S, Jin X, Zhao Y, Xue J, Zhao D, Gao X, Liang S, Li Y, Song J, Yu S, Li Y. Breast cancer exosomes contribute to pre-metastatic niche formation and promote bone metastasis of tumor cells. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:1429-1445. [PMID: 33391543 PMCID: PMC7738874 DOI: 10.7150/thno.45351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Breast cancer preferentially develops osteolytic bone metastasis, which makes patients suffer from pain, fractures and spinal cord compression. Accumulating evidences have shown that exosomes play an irreplaceable role in pre-metastatic niche formation as a communication messenger. However, the function of exosomes secreted by breast cancer cells remains incompletely understood in bone metastasis of breast cancer. Methods: Mouse xenograft models and intravenous injection of exosomes were applied for analyzing the role of breast cancer cell-derived exosomes in vivo. Effects of exosomes secreted by the mildly metastatic MDA231 and its subline SCP28 with highly metastatic ability on osteoclasts formation were confirmed by TRAP staining, ELISA, microcomputed tomography, histomorphometric analyses, and pit formation assay. The candidate exosomal miRNAs for promoting osteoclastogenesis were globally screened by RNA-seq. qRT-PCR, western blot, confocal microscopy, and RNA interfering were performed to validate the function of exosomal miRNA. Results: Implantation of SCP28 tumor cells in situ leads to increased osteoclast activity and reduced bone density, which contributes to the formation of pre-metastatic niche for tumor cells. We found SCP28 cells-secreted exosomes are critical factors in promoting osteoclast differentiation and activation, which consequently accelerates bone lesion to reconstruct microenvironment for bone metastasis. Mechanistically, exosomal miR-21 derived from SCP28 cells facilitates osteoclastogenesis through regulating PDCD4 protein levels. Moreover, miR-21 level in serum exosomes of breast cancer patients with bone metastasis is significantly higher than that in other subpopulations. Conclusion: Our results indicate that breast cancer cell-derived exosomes play an important role in promoting breast cancer bone metastasis, which is associated with the formation of pre-metastatic niche via transferring miR-21 to osteoclasts. The data from patient samples further reflect the significance of miR-21 as a potential target for clinical diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer bone metastasis.
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115
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Wu S, Pan Y, Mao Y, Chen Y, He Y. Current progress and mechanisms of bone metastasis in lung cancer: a narrative review. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2021; 10:439-451. [PMID: 33569325 PMCID: PMC7867745 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-20-835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a kind of malignant tumor with rapid progression and poor prognosis. Distant metastasis has been the main cause of mortality among lung cancer patients. Bone is one of the most common sites. Among all lung cancer patients with bone metastasis, most of them are osteolytic metastasis. Some serious clinical consequences like bone pain, pathological fractures, spinal instability, spinal cord compression and hypercalcemia occur as well. Since the severity of bone metastasis in lung cancer, it is undoubtedly necessary to know how lung cancer spread to bone, how can we diagnose it and how can we treat it. Here, we reviewed the process, possible mechanisms, diagnosis methods and current treatment of bone metastasis in lung cancer. We divided the process of bone metastasis in lung cancer into three steps: tumor invasion, tumor cell migration and invasion in bone tissue. It may be influenced by genetic factors, microenvironment and other adhesion-related factors. Imaging examination, laboratory examination, and pathological examination are used to diagnose lung cancer metastasis to bone. Surgery, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, bisphosphonate, radiation therapy and chemotherapy are the common clinical treatment methods currently. We also found some problems remained to be solved. For example, drugs for skeletal related events mainly target on osteoclasts at present, which increase the ratio of patients in osteoporosis and fractures in the long term. In all, this review provides the direction for future research on bone metastasis in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyu Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyu Mao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Medical School, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Spine Center, Orthopedic department, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yayi He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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116
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Clézardin P, Coleman R, Puppo M, Ottewell P, Bonnelye E, Paycha F, Confavreux CB, Holen I. Bone metastasis: mechanisms, therapies, and biomarkers. Physiol Rev 2020; 101:797-855. [PMID: 33356915 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00012.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal metastases are frequent complications of many cancers, causing bone complications (fractures, bone pain, disability) that negatively affect the patient's quality of life. Here, we first discuss the burden of skeletal complications in cancer bone metastasis. We then describe the pathophysiology of bone metastasis. Bone metastasis is a multistage process: long before the development of clinically detectable metastases, circulating tumor cells settle and enter a dormant state in normal vascular and endosteal niches present in the bone marrow, which provide immediate attachment and shelter, and only become active years later as they proliferate and alter the functions of bone-resorbing (osteoclasts) and bone-forming (osteoblasts) cells, promoting skeletal destruction. The molecular mechanisms involved in mediating each of these steps are described, and we also explain how tumor cells interact with a myriad of interconnected cell populations in the bone marrow, including a rich vascular network, immune cells, adipocytes, and nerves. We discuss metabolic programs that tumor cells could engage with to specifically grow in bone. We also describe the progress and future directions of existing bone-targeted agents and report emerging therapies that have arisen from recent advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology of bone metastases. Finally, we discuss the value of bone turnover biomarkers in detection and monitoring of progression and therapeutic effects in patients with bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Clézardin
- INSERM, Research Unit UMR_S1033, LyOS, Faculty of Medicine Lyon-Est, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Rob Coleman
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Margherita Puppo
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Penelope Ottewell
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Edith Bonnelye
- INSERM, Research Unit UMR_S1033, LyOS, Faculty of Medicine Lyon-Est, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Frédéric Paycha
- Service de Médecine Nucléaire, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
| | - Cyrille B Confavreux
- INSERM, Research Unit UMR_S1033, LyOS, Faculty of Medicine Lyon-Est, University of Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,Service de Rhumatologie Sud, CEMOS-Centre Expert des Métastases Osseuses, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Ingunn Holen
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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117
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Cao C, Yang X. The Prevalence, Associated Factors for Lung Metastases Development and Prognosis in Ovarian Serous Cancer Based on SEER Database. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 19:1533033820983801. [PMID: 33356997 PMCID: PMC7768314 DOI: 10.1177/1533033820983801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian carcinoma (OC) is one of the 3 most common gynecological malignancies,
and the prognosis of patients with lung metastasis was the worst. SEER
documented OC patients, diagnosed between 2010 and 2016, were included in the
study. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed
to identify associated factors for lung metastases (LM) development.
Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to estimate the overall survival for OC patients
with LM. A total of 10146 eligible serous ovarian cancer (SOC) patients were
included, the prevalence of LM was 3.77% (N = 378). Patients with T4 stage
(χ2 = 128.515; P = 0.000), N1 stage
(χ2 = 49.536; P = 0.000), right laterality
(χ2 = 18.756; P = 0.000) (compared with left
side), undifferentiated grade (χ2 = 36.174; P =
0.000), bone metastasis (χ2 = 183.529); P = 0.000),
brain metastasis (χ2 = 117.539; P = 0.000), liver
metastasis (χ2 = 442.472; P = 0.000) had a larger
probability of LM than other groups. Results showed that T3/N1 stage, bone
metastases, liver metastases, chemotherapy, surgery were positively correlated
with LM. Multivariable cox analysis showed that age, bone metastasis, no
chemotherapy, no surgery were independent risk factors in SOC-LM patients. This
study provided new research insights on the prevalent LM in patients with SOC.
The factors associated with LM development and prognosis can be potentially used
for LM early screening and professional care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Cao
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xianghong Yang
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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118
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Singla A, Wang J, Yang R, Geller DS, Loeb DM, Hoang BH. Wnt Signaling in Osteosarcoma. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1258:125-139. [PMID: 32767238 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-43085-6_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Wnt molecules are a class of cysteine-rich secreted glycoproteins that participate in various developmental events during embryogenesis and adult tissue homeostasis. Since its discovery in 1982, the roles of Wnt signaling have been established in various key regulatory systems in biology. Wnt signals exert pleiotropic effects, including mitogenic stimulation, cell fate specification, and differentiation. The Wnt signaling pathway in humans has been shown to be involved in a wide variety of disorders including colon cancer, sarcoma, coronary artery disease, tetra-amelia, Mullerian duct regression, eye vascular defects, and abnormal bone mass. The canonical Wnt pathway functions by regulating the function of the transcriptional coactivator β-catenin, whereas noncanonical pathways function independent of β-catenin. Although the role of Wnt signaling is well established in epithelial malignancies, its role in mesenchymal tumors is more controversial. Some studies have suggested that Wnt signaling plays a pro-oncogenic role in various sarcomas by driving cell proliferation and motility; however, others have reported that Wnt signaling acts as a tumor suppressor by committing tumor cells to differentiate into a mature lineage. Wnt signaling pathway also plays an important role in regulating cancer stem cell function. In this review, we will discuss Wnt signaling pathway and its role in osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Singla
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jichuan Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.,Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Musculoskeletal Tumors, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - David S Geller
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - David M Loeb
- Departments of Pediatrics and Developmental and Molecular Biology, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Bang H Hoang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
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119
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Li C, Long Q, Zhang D, Li J, Zhang X. Identification of a four-gene panel predicting overall survival for lung adenocarcinoma. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:1198. [PMID: 33287749 PMCID: PMC7720456 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07657-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is the most frequently diagnosed carcinoma and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Although molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy have made great progress, the overall survival (OS) is still poor due to a lack of accurate and available prognostic biomarkers. Therefore, in this study we aimed to establish a multiple-gene panel predicting OS for lung adenocarcinoma. Methods We obtained the mRNA expression and clinical data of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) from TCGA database for further integrated bioinformatic analysis. Lasso regression and Cox regression were performed to establish a prognosis model based on a multi-gene panel. A nomogram based on this model was constructed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the Kaplan–Meier curve were used to assess the predicted capacity of the model. The prognosis value of the multi-gene panel was further validated in TCGA-LUAD patients with EGFR, KRAS and TP53 mutation and a dataset from GEO. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to explore potential biological mechanisms of a novel prognostic gene signature. Results A four-gene panel (including DKK1, GNG7, LDHA, MELTF) was established for LUAD prognostic indicator. The ROC curve revealed good predicted performance in both test cohort (AUC = 0.740) and validation cohort (AUC = 0.752). Each patient was calculated a risk score according to the model based on the four-gene panel. The results showed that the risk score was an independent prognostic factor, and the high-risk group had a worse OS compared with the low-risk group. The nomogram based on this model showed good prediction performance. The four-gene panel was still good predictors for OS in LUAD patients with TP53 and KRAS mutations. GSEA revealed that the four genes may be significantly related to the metabolism of genetic material, especially the regulation of cell cycle pathway. Conclusion Our study proposed a novel four-gene panel to predict the OS of LUAD, which may contribute to predicting prognosis accurately and making the clinical decisions of individual therapy for LUAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Qizhong Long
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Danni Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Xianming Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China.
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120
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Kim MJ, Huang Y, Park JI. Targeting Wnt Signaling for Gastrointestinal Cancer Therapy: Present and Evolving Views. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3638. [PMID: 33291655 PMCID: PMC7761926 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling governs tissue development, homeostasis, and regeneration. However, aberrant activation of Wnt promotes tumorigenesis. Despite the ongoing efforts to manipulate Wnt signaling, therapeutic targeting of Wnt signaling remains challenging. In this review, we provide an overview of current clinical trials to target Wnt signaling, with a major focus on gastrointestinal cancers. In addition, we discuss the caveats and alternative strategies for therapeutically targeting Wnt signaling for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Jong Kim
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (M.J.K.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yuanjian Huang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (M.J.K.); (Y.H.)
| | - Jae-Il Park
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (M.J.K.); (Y.H.)
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Program in Genetics and Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Rackow AR, Nagel DJ, McCarthy C, Judge J, Lacy S, Freeberg MAT, Thatcher TH, Kottmann RM, Sime PJ. The self-fulfilling prophecy of pulmonary fibrosis: a selective inspection of pathological signalling loops. Eur Respir J 2020; 56:13993003.00075-2020. [PMID: 32943406 PMCID: PMC7931159 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00075-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a devastating, progressive disease and carries a prognosis worse than most cancers. Despite ongoing research, the mechanisms that underlie disease pathogenesis remain only partially understood. However, the self-perpetuating nature of pulmonary fibrosis has led several researchers to propose the existence of pathological signalling loops. According to this hypothesis, the normal wound-healing process becomes corrupted and results in the progressive accumulation of scar tissue in the lung. In addition, several negative regulators of pulmonary fibrosis are downregulated and, therefore, are no longer capable of inhibiting these feed-forward loops. The combination of pathological signalling loops and loss of a checks and balances system ultimately culminates in a process of unregulated scar formation. This review details specific signalling pathways demonstrated to play a role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. The evidence of detrimental signalling loops is elucidated with regard to epithelial cell injury, cellular senescence and the activation of developmental and ageing pathways. We demonstrate where these loops intersect each other, as well as common mediators that may drive these responses and how the loss of pro-resolving mediators may contribute to the propagation of disease. By focusing on the overlapping signalling mediators among the many pro-fibrotic pathways, it is our hope that the pulmonary fibrosis community will be better equipped to design future trials that incorporate the redundant nature of these pathways as we move towards finding a cure for this unrelenting disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley R Rackow
- Dept of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.,Authors contributed equally to this work
| | - David J Nagel
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.,Authors contributed equally to this work
| | | | | | - Shannon Lacy
- US Army of Veterinary Corps, Fort Campbell, KY, USA
| | | | - Thomas H Thatcher
- Department of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - R Matthew Kottmann
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Patricia J Sime
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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122
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Xu X, Zhang M, Xu F, Jiang S. Wnt signaling in breast cancer: biological mechanisms, challenges and opportunities. Mol Cancer 2020; 19:165. [PMID: 33234169 PMCID: PMC7686704 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-01276-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling is a highly conserved signaling pathway that plays a critical role in controlling embryonic and organ development, as well as cancer progression. Genome-wide sequencing and gene expression profile analyses have demonstrated that Wnt signaling is involved mainly in the processes of breast cancer proliferation and metastasis. The most recent studies have indicated that Wnt signaling is also crucial in breast cancer immune microenvironment regulation, stemness maintenance, therapeutic resistance, phenotype shaping, etc. Wnt/β-Catenin, Wnt-planar cell polarity (PCP), and Wnt-Ca2+ signaling are three well-established Wnt signaling pathways that share overlapping components and play different roles in breast cancer progression. In this review, we summarize the main findings concerning the relationship between Wnt signaling and breast cancer and provide an overview of existing mechanisms, challenges, and potential opportunities for advancing the therapy and diagnosis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufang Xu
- School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang China
| | - Miaofeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009 Zhejiang China
| | - Faying Xu
- School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang China
| | - Shaojie Jiang
- School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053 Zhejiang China
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123
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HDAC6 promotes growth, migration/invasion, and self-renewal of rhabdomyosarcoma. Oncogene 2020; 40:578-591. [PMID: 33199827 PMCID: PMC7855743 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01550-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a devastating pediatric sarcoma. The survival outcomes remain poor for patients with relapsed or metastatic disease. Effective targeted therapy is lacking due to our limited knowledge of the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms leading to disease progression. In this study, we used functional assays in vitro and in vivo (zebrafish and xenograft mouse models) to demonstrate the crucial role of HDAC6, a cytoplasmic histone deacetylase, in driving RMS tumor growth, self-renewal, and migration/invasion. Treatment with HDAC6-selective inhibitors recapitulates the HDAC6 loss-of-function phenotypes. HDAC6 regulates cytoskeletal dynamics to promote tumor cell migration and invasion. RAC1, a Rho family GTPase, is an essential mediator of HDAC6 function, and is necessary and sufficient for RMS cell migration and invasion. High expression of RAC1 correlates with poor clinical prognosis in RMS patients. Targeting the HDAC6-RAC1 axis represents a promising therapeutic option for improving survival outcomes of RMS patients.
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124
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El-Mahdy RI, Zakhary MM, Maximous DW, Mokhtar AA, El Dosoky MI. Circulating osteocyte-related biomarkers (vitamin D, sclerostin, dickkopf-1), hepcidin, and oxidative stress markers in early breast cancer: Their impact in disease progression and outcome. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 204:105773. [PMID: 33065276 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a major concern to female health worldwide. We assessed the circulating osteocyte-related biomarkers, hepcidin, and oxidative stress status among early-stage BC patients in aspects of clinical severity and impact on the outcome. The study incorporated 73 patients categorized into 57 early-stage BC and 16 benign breast diseases and 30 healthy controls. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], sclerostin (SOST), dickkopf-1(DKK1), and hepcidin were measured using ELISA, while, serum oxidative stress markers were assessed by spectrophotometry. Our results show that patients with BC showed significant increase in the mean levels of DKK1, SOST, hepcidin, and LPER and significant decrease in the mean levels of 25(OH)D, SOD, GPx, and Hb when compared with controls and benign breast diseases. Significantly higher DKK1, hepcidin, and SOD levels among benign breast diseases were found in comparison to control group. There were significantly lower levels of 25(OH)D, SOD, and Hb and significantly higher levels of SOST, DKK1, hepcidin, No, and LPER with advanced grade. Lower levels of 25(OH)D, SOD and higher levels of SOST, hepcidin were observed with increasing the malignant stage. Reduced levels of 25(OH)D, and SOD were significantly associated with poor prognosis and were strong predictors among BC. There were significant negative correlations between 25(OH)D with LPER, SOST, and hepicidin. We conclude that low 25(OH)D, high SOST, DKK1, and hepcidin, and dysregulated oxidative stress could be helpful in early detection and assessment of BC. 25(OH)D, and SOD were the most relevant to tumor progression and prognosis which indicate a significant role in the BC pathogenesis and could be promising targets in management. Our research paves the way to disrupt vicious circle between these biomarkers to obtain the best care of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham I El-Mahdy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt.
| | - Madeha M Zakhary
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt
| | - Doaa W Maximous
- Department of Surgical Oncology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Abeer A Mokhtar
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud I El Dosoky
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
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125
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Bu F, Nie H, Zhu X, Wu T, Lin K, Zhao J, Huang J. A signature of 18 immune-related gene pairs to predict the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients. IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE 2020; 8:713-726. [PMID: 33128857 PMCID: PMC7654420 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies. With the promising prospects conveyed by immunotherapy in cancers, we aimed to construct an immune‐related gene pairs (IRGPs) signature to predict the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients. We downloaded clinical and transcriptional data of pancreatic cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas data set as the training group and GSE57495 data set as the verification group. We filtered immune‐related transcriptional data by IMMPORT. With the assistance of lasso penalized Cox regression, we constructed our prognostic IRGPs signature and divided all samples into high‐/low‐risk groups by receiver operating characteristic curve for further comparisons. The comparisons between high‐ and low‐risk groups including survival rate, multivariate, and univariate Cox proportional‐hazards analysis, infiltration of immune cells, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) are facilitated to analyze the proceedings in which our IRGPs signature may involve in. The results revealed that 18 IRGPs were defined as our prognostic signature. The prognostic value of this IRGPs signature was verified from the GSE57495 data set. We further demonstrated the independent prognostic value of this IRGPs signature. The contents of six immune cells between high‐/low‐risk groups were different, which was associated with the progression of diverse cancers. Results from GO, KEGG, and GSEA revealed that this IRGPs signature was involved in extracellular space, immune response, cancer pathways, cation channel, and gated channel activities. Evidently, this IRGPs signature will provide remarkable value for the therapy of pancreatic cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanqin Bu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Han Nie
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaojian Zhu
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Research Center of the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Infection Department of Guixi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guixi, Jiangxi, China
| | - Kang Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiefeng Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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126
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Biological evaluation of pyrazolyl-urea and dihydro-imidazo-pyrazolyl-urea derivatives as potential anti-angiogenetic agents in the treatment of neuroblastoma. Oncotarget 2020; 11:3459-3472. [PMID: 32973970 PMCID: PMC7500105 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyrazolyl-urea and dihydro-imidazo-pyrazolyl-urea compounds (STIRUR 13, STIRUR 41 and BUR 12) have been demonstrated to exert a strong inhibitory effect on interleukin 8 or N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine-induced chemotaxis of human neutrophils. Since the migration of cancer cells is comparable to that of neutrophils, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the biological effect of STIRUR 13, STIRUR 41 and BUR 12 on ACN and HTLA-230, two neuroblastoma (NB) cell lines with different degree of malignancy. HTLA-230 cells, stage-IV NB cells, have high plasticity and can serve as progenitors of endothelial cells. The results herein reported show that the three tested compounds were not cytotoxic for both NB cells and did not alter their clonogenic potential. However, all compounds were able to inhibit the ability of HTLA-230 to form vascular-like structures. On the basis of these findings, pyrazolyl-urea and dihydro-imidazo-pyrazolyl-urea derivatives could be proposed as agents potentially effective in counteracting NB malignancy by inhibiting cell migration and tumor angiogenesis which represent important hallmarks responsible for cancer survival and progression.
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127
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Zhang W, Shen Y, Huang H, Pan S, Jiang J, Chen W, Zhang T, Zhang C, Ni C. A Rosetta Stone for Breast Cancer: Prognostic Value and Dynamic Regulation of Neutrophil in Tumor Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1779. [PMID: 32849640 PMCID: PMC7426521 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence has revealed that the initiation and progression of breast cancer are greatly affected by the immune environment. Neutrophils are the most abundant leucocytes in circulation and act as the spearhead in inflammation, including in breast cancer. Circulating neutrophils are closely related to the prognosis of breast cancer patients, and tumor-infiltrating neutrophils have varied functions at different stages of breast cancer, such as antitumor or tumor-promoting neutrophils, which are termed N1 and N2 neutrophils, respectively. In this review, we will discuss the utility of circulating neutrophils for predicting prognosis and therapeutic efficacy and the underlying mechanisms of their chemotaxis, the dynamic regulation of their antitumor or protumor functions and their different spatial distributions in tumor microenvironment. Finally, we also discuss the possibility of targeting neutrophils as a therapeutic strategy in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yimin Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huanhuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Pan
- School of Medicine, Chu Kochen Honors College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingxin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wuzhen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Ni
- Key Laboratory of Tumour Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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128
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Wen X, Wu Y, Awadasseid A, Tanaka Y, Zhang W. New Advances in Canonical Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:6987-6998. [PMID: 32821165 PMCID: PMC7418153 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s258645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin-mediated signaling is a key pathway regulating tissue growth and development, and tumorigenesis, and has received increasing attention in recent years. In addition to participating in healthy tissue and organ development, ectopic activation of the pathway can cause a variety of tumors and other pathologies. The pathway plays a critical role in many processes such as proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, epithelial–mesenchymal transition and cancer cell stemness. The importance of the Wnt signal is self-evident. This review describes the underlying mechanism of Wnt signaling pathway and highlights the latest findings on the relationship between Wnt signaling pathway and tumorigenesis. In addition, the potential relationship between miRNAs and Wnt signaling is presented. Furthermore, we discuss the intrinsic link between Wnt signaling and cancer cell stemness, which shed light on the malignant progression of tumor cells. Finally, cancer treatment strategies based on the canonical Wnt signaling pathway are summarized, hoping to help clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Wen
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Drug Design, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanling Wu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Drug Design, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, People's Republic of China
| | - Annoor Awadasseid
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Drug Design, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China.,Center for Natural Products Research, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yoshimasa Tanaka
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Center for Medical Innovation, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8588, Japan
| | - Wen Zhang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Drug Design, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, People's Republic of China
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129
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Wang M, Xia F, Wei Y, Wei X. Molecular mechanisms and clinical management of cancer bone metastasis. Bone Res 2020; 8:30. [PMID: 32793401 PMCID: PMC7391760 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-020-00105-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the most common metastatic sites of malignancies, bone has a unique microenvironment that allows metastatic tumor cells to grow and flourish. The fenestrated capillaries in the bone, bone matrix, and bone cells, including osteoblasts and osteoclasts, together maintain the homeostasis of the bone microenvironment. In contrast, tumor-derived factors act on bone components, leading to subsequent bone resorption or excessive bone formation. The various pathways involved also provide multiple targets for therapeutic strategies against bone metastases. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the mechanism of bone metastases. Based on the general process of bone metastases, we specifically highlight the complex crosstalk between tumor cells and the bone microenvironment and the current management of cancer bone metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manni Wang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Targets, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan P.R. China
| | - Fan Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan P.R. China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Targets, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan P.R. China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Targets, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041 Sichuan P.R. China
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130
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Zhou X, Wang Y, Li Q, Ma D, Nie A, Shen X. LncRNA Linc-PINT inhibits miR-523-3p to hamper retinoblastoma progression by upregulating Dickkopf-1 (DKK1). Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 530:47-53. [PMID: 32828314 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.06.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidences indicated that long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) regulated the pathogenesis of retinoblastoma (RB). However, up until now, the role of LncRNA Linc-PINT in the regulation of RB progression is still largely unknown. The present study identified LncRNA Linc-PINT as a tumor suppressor to hinder RB development by regulating miR-523-3p/Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) axis. Mechanistically, Linc-PINT was low-expressed, while miR-523-3p was high-expressed in RB cells, compared to the normal retinal epithelial cells (ARPE-19). Further gain- and loss-function experiments verified that both upregulation of Linc-PINT and miR-523-3p downregulation slowed down cell growth, invasion and migration, and promoted cell apoptosis in RB cells, but Linc-PINT ablation and miR-523-3p overexpression promoted malignant phenotypes in RB cells. In addition, the dual-luciferase reporter gene system and RNA pull-down assay validated that Linc-PINT positively regulated DKK1 expressions by sponging miR-523-3p, and Linc-PINT inhibited RB progression by regulating miR-523-3p/DKK1 axis. Functionally, we found that both miR-523-3p overexpression and DKK1 silence abrogated the anti-cancer effects of overexpressed Linc-PINT on RB cells. Finally, Linc-PINT inhibited tumorigenicity of RB cells in xenograft mice models. In general, analysis of the data suggested that Linc-PINT inhibited miR-523-3p to upregulate DKK1, resulting in the inhibition of RB, and we demonstrated that Linc-PINT and miR-523-3p could be utilized as potential diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers for RB in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Youth Avenue No.8, Chenzhou, 423000, Hunan, China
| | - Yongping Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Zhongshan Road No.222, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen People's Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, Dongmen North Road No. 1017, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Dahui Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Eye Institute, School of Optometry, Shenzhen University Department of Ophthalmology, Zetian Road No. 18, Shenzhen, 518040, Guangdong, China
| | - Aiqing Nie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen People's Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, Dongmen North Road No. 1017, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoli Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Eye Institute, School of Optometry, Shenzhen University Department of Ophthalmology, Zetian Road No. 18, Shenzhen, 518040, Guangdong, China.
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131
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Luo A, Xu Y, Li S, Bao J, Lü J, Ding N, Zhao Q, Fu Y, Liu F, Cho WC, Wei X, Wang H, Yu Z. Cancer stem cell property and gene signature in bone-metastatic Breast Cancer cells. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:2580-2594. [PMID: 32792858 PMCID: PMC7415422 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.45693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of the deaths from breast cancer is due to metastasis. Bone is the most common organ to which breast cancer cells metastasize. The mechanism regulating the bone-metastatic preference remains unclear; there is a lack of a gene signature to distinguish bone-metastatic breast cancer cells. Herein, florescence-labeled MDA-MB-231 cells were transplanted into the fat pads of of the mammary gland in nude mice to generate breast tumors. Tumor cells invaded into the circulation were tracked by in vivo flow cytometry system. Metastatic tumor cells in the bone were isolated using fluorescent-activated cell sorting technique, followed by assays of cell colony formation, migration and invasion, mammosphere formation in vitro, mammary gland tumorigenesis in vivo, and Next-Generation Sequencing analysis as well. Through tumor regeneration and cell sorting, two bone-metastatic cell sublines were derived from MDA-MB-231 cells; which showed higher abilities to proliferate, migrate, invade and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transit in vitro, and stronger ability to regenerate tumors and metastasize to the bone in vivo. Both cell sublines exhibited cancer stem cell-like characteristics including higher expression levels of stem cell markers and stronger ability for mommaspheres formation. Furthermore, a Normal Distribution-like pattern of the bone-metastatic cells invading into circulation was firstly identified. Deep-sequencing analysis indicated upregulation of multiple signaling pathways in regulating EMT, cell membrane budding and morphologic change, lipid metabolism, and protein translation, which are required to provide adequate metabolic enzymes, structural proteins, and energy for the cells undergoing metastasis. In conclusion, we established two bone-metastatic breast cancer cell sublines, carrying higher degree of stemness and malignancy. The gene signature distinguishing the bone-metastatic breast cancer cells holds therapeutic potentials in prevention of breast cancer metastasis to the bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Luo
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Yue Xu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China.,Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shujun Li
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China.,The Third Hospital of BaoGang Group, Baotou, China
| | - Jinxia Bao
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China.,Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinhui Lü
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Nan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Yuting Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xunbin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyun Wang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China.,Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuoren Yu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
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132
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Lu J, Ma L. The role of tumor-associated macrophages in the development, metastasis and treatment of breast cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:153085. [PMID: 32825953 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.153085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play an important role in promoting cancer in the breast cancer microenvironment. A large number of preclinical studies have demonstrated that TAMs regulate related signaling pathways by releasing a variety of chemokines, affecting breast cancer growth, metastasis, and drug resistance. In recent years, TAMs have attracted much attention as potential biomarkers for breast cancer. This article reviews the preclinical evidence of the relationship between TAMs and the breast cancer microenvironment, the role of TAMs in prognosis, and the clinical outcomes related to targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lu
- Hebei Medical University, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Province Tumor Hospital, China
| | - Li Ma
- Hebei Medical University, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Province Tumor Hospital, China.
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133
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de Mascena Costa LA, Debnath D, Harmon AC, de Sousa Araújo S, da Silva Souza HD, de Athayde Filho PF, Wischral A, Adrião Gomes Filho M, Mathis JM. Mechanistic studies of cytotoxic activity of the mesoionic compound MIH 2.4Bl in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:2291-2301. [PMID: 32782546 PMCID: PMC7399858 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the cytotoxic effects of a 1,3-thiazolium-5-thiolate derivative of a mesoionic compound, MIH 2.4Bl, were assessed in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. The cytotoxic effects of MIH 2.4Bl were determined using a crystal violet assay. Using a dose-response curve, the IC50 value of MIH 2.4Bl was determined to be 45.8±0.8 µM. Additionally, the effects of MIH 2.4Bl on mitochondrial respiration were characterized using oxygen consumption rate analysis. Treating MCF-7 cells with increasing concentrations of MIH 2.4Bl resulted in a significant reduction in all mitochondrial respiratory parameters compared with the control cells, indicative of an overall decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential. The induction of autophagy by MIH 2.4Bl was also examined by measuring changes in the expression of protein markers of autophagy. As shown by western blot analysis, treatment of MCF-7 cells with MIH 2.4Bl resulted in increased protein expression levels of Beclin-1 and ATG5, as well as an increase in the microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B light chain 3B (LC3B)-II to LC3B-I ratio compared with the control cells. Microarray analysis of changes in gene expression following MIH 2.4Bl treatment demonstrated 3,659 genes exhibited a fold-change ≥2. Among these genes, 779 were up-regulated, and 2,880 were down-regulated in cells treated with MIH 2.4Bl compared with the control cells. Based on the identity of the transcripts and fold-change of expression, six genes were selected for verification by reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q)PCR; activating transcription factor 3, acidic repeat-containing protein, heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor, regulator of G-protein signaling 2, Dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 1 and adhesion molecule with Ig like domain 2. The results of RT-qPCR analysis of RNA isolated from control and MIH 2.4Bl treated cells were consistent with the expression changes identified by microarray analysis. Together, these results suggest that MIH 2.4Bl may be a promising candidate for treating breast cancer and warrants further in vitro and in vivo investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Amaral de Mascena Costa
- Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE 52171-900, Brazil.,Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Dipti Debnath
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Ashlyn C Harmon
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Silvany de Sousa Araújo
- Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE 52171-900, Brazil
| | | | | | - Aurea Wischral
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Manoel Adrião Gomes Filho
- Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE 52171-900, Brazil
| | - J Michael Mathis
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
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134
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Teng X, Wei L, Han L, Min D, Du Y. Establishment of a serological molecular model for the early diagnosis and progression monitoring of bone metastasis in lung cancer. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:562. [PMID: 32546271 PMCID: PMC7298761 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07046-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prognosis is very poor for lung cancer patients with bone metastasis. Unfortunately, a suitable method has yet to become available for the early diagnosis of bone metastasis in lung cancer patients. The present work describes an attempt to develop a novel model for the early identification of lung cancer patients with bone metastasis risk. Methods As the test group, 205 primary lung cancer patients were recruited, of which 127 patients had bone metastasis; the other 78 patients without bone metastasis were set as the negative control. Additionally, 106 healthy volunteers were enrolled as the normal control. Serum levels of several cytokines in the bone microenvironment (CaN, OPG, PTHrP, and IL-6) and bone turnover markers (tP1NP, β-CTx) were detected in all samples by ECLIA or ELISA assay. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate diagnostic abilities and to assess the attributable risk of bone metastasis for each of these indicators; the diagnostic model was established via logistic regression analysis. The prospective validation group consisted of 44 patients with stage IV primary lung cancer on whom a follow-up of at least 2 years was conducted, during which serum bone biochemical marker concentrations were monitored. Results The serological molecular model for the diagnosis of bone metastasis was logit (p). ROC analysis showed that when logit (p) > 0.452, the area under curve of the model was 0.939 (sensitivity: 85.8%, specificity: 89.7%). Model validation demonstrated accuracy with a high degree of consistency (specificity: 85.7%, specificity: 87.5%, Kappa: 0.770). The average predictive time for bone metastasis occurrence of the model was 9.46 months earlier than that of the bone scan diagnosis. Serum OPG, PTHrP, tP1NP, β-CTx, and the diagnostic model logit (p) were all positively correlated with bone metastasis progression (P < 0.05). Conclusions This diagnostic model has the potential to be a simple, non-invasive, and sensitive tool for diagnosing the occurrence and monitoring the progression of bone metastasis in patients with lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Teng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, 200233, P.R. China
| | - Lirong Wei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, 200233, P.R. China
| | - Liming Han
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, 200233, P.R. China
| | - Daliu Min
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Yuzhen Du
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, 200233, P.R. China.
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135
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Ponzetti M, Rucci N. Switching Homes: How Cancer Moves to Bone. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4124. [PMID: 32527062 PMCID: PMC7313057 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone metastases (BM) are a very common complication of the most prevalent human cancers. BM are extremely painful and may be life-threatening when associated with hypercalcaemia. BM can lead to kidney failure and cardiac arrhythmias and arrest, but why and how do cancer cells decide to "switch homes" and move to bone? In this review, we will present what answers science has provided so far, with focus on the molecular mechanisms and cellular aspects of well-established findings, such as the concept of "vicious cycle" and "osteolytic" vs. "osteosclerotic" bone metastases; as well as on novel concepts, such as cellular dormancy and extracellular vesicles. At the molecular level, we will focus on hypoxia-associated factors and angiogenesis, the Wnt pathway, parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) and chemokines. At the supramolecular/cellular level, we will discuss tumour dormancy, id est the mechanisms through which a small contingent of tumour cells coming from the primary site may be kept dormant in the endosteal niche for many years. Finally, we will present a potential role for the multimolecular mediators known as extracellular vesicles in determining bone-tropism and establishing a premetastatic niche by influencing the bone microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadia Rucci
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
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Zheng Z, Lang T, Huang X, Wang G, Lee RJ, Teng L, Yin Q, Li Y. Calcitriol-Loaded Dual-pH-Sensitive Micelle Counteracts Pro-Metastasis Effect of Paclitaxel in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2000392. [PMID: 32419319 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202000392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The therapy of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) relies on chemotherapy basing on cytotoxic agents, including paclitaxel (PTX). Unfortunately, PTX will facilitate the invasion of cancer cells and the formation of metastases. To counteract pro-metastasis of PTX in TNBC therapy, in this work, calcitriol (CTL) is delivered along with PTX by a dual-pH-sensitive micelle. The PTX/CTL-co-loaded dual-pH-sensitive micelle (PCDM) can switch its surface charge from negative to positive at the tumor tissue and release PTX and CTL inside the lysosomes because of the structure change of the polymers composing PCDM under the acidic condition. This property makes PCDM able to escape from mononuclear-phagocyte system clearance and easy to enter tumor cells. PCDM efficiently suppresses the 4T1 primary tumor growth in mice and inhibits lung metastasis, due to downregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and BCL-2 levels, upregulation of E-cadherin level, and counteracting the PTX-induced elevation of C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) and Ly6C+ monocytes levels by CTL. PCDM shows good biocompatibility without promoting the serum calcium level. Therefore, the combination of PTX and CTL based on this pH-sensitive micelle is promising for the TNBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Zheng
- School of Life SciencesJilin University Changchun 130012 China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Center of PharmaceuticsShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Sciences 501 Haike Road Shanghai 201203 China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Advanced PreparationsYantai Institute of Materia Medica Yantai 264000 China
| | - Tianqun Lang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Center of PharmaceuticsShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Sciences 501 Haike Road Shanghai 201203 China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Advanced PreparationsYantai Institute of Materia Medica Yantai 264000 China
- School of PharmacyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Center of PharmaceuticsShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Sciences 501 Haike Road Shanghai 201203 China
- School of PharmacyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Guanru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Center of PharmaceuticsShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Sciences 501 Haike Road Shanghai 201203 China
| | - Robert J. Lee
- School of Life SciencesJilin University Changchun 130012 China
- College of PharmacyThe Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA
| | - Lesheng Teng
- School of Life SciencesJilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Qi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Center of PharmaceuticsShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Sciences 501 Haike Road Shanghai 201203 China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Advanced PreparationsYantai Institute of Materia Medica Yantai 264000 China
- School of PharmacyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Yaping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research and Center of PharmaceuticsShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Sciences 501 Haike Road Shanghai 201203 China
- School of PharmacyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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137
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Abstract
As an antagonist for the WNT signal passway, dickkopf-1(DKK1) have a great important role in the occurence and development of various type cancer. The present paper performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the predictive significance of DKK1 in cancer.To assess the relationship between the expression of DKK1 and prognostic role in human cancers, a total of 16 articals were screened from the multiple online databases (Pubmed, EMBASE, CNKI, Web of Science and Google Scholar) in our study. By using the STATA soft,pooled hazard ratio and 95% confidence intervals of overall survival (OS), progression-free survival, disease-free survival and time to recurrence were used to evaluate the strength of this relationship.The meta-analysis showed that higher expression of DKK1 was significantly associated with shorter OS in cancer patients. In stratified analyzes, the higher expression of DKK1 could reduced the OS in patients with breast cancer,digestive system cancer and urogenital system cancer, but not patients with the lung cancer. It also showed that higher expression of DKK1 was significantly associated with shorter progression-free survival, disease-free survival and time to recurrence in cancer patients.The present study indicate that higher expression of DKK1 predict an unfavorable clinical outcome in patients with breast cancer, digestive system cancer and urogenital system cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfang Huang
- Department of general medicine of Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital
| | - Tao Lu
- Clinical Laboratory Center of Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medcine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Wenbing Kuang
- Department of laboratory of Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital
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138
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Fan L, Lei H, Zhang S, Peng Y, Fu C, Shu G, Yin G. Non-canonical signaling pathway of SNAI2 induces EMT in ovarian cancer cells by suppressing miR-222-3p transcription and upregulating PDCD10. Theranostics 2020; 10:5895-5913. [PMID: 32483426 PMCID: PMC7254989 DOI: 10.7150/thno.43198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is one of the most lethal malignancies in women worldwide. Many studies showed the transcription factor SNAI2-induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) through inhibiting E-cadherin (E-cad) expression. Our previous study reported that miR-222-3p was an important tumor-suppressive miRNA for EOC development and dissemination. The present study aimed to acquire a deeper mechanistic understanding of the role of miR-222-3p regulation that might contribute to improving current anti-metastasis strategies in EOC. Methods: A variety of techniques were used to measure mRNA and protein expression levels, including quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), Western blot, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, and immunofluorescence (IF). Four different microRNA (miRNA) target prediction databases were used to predict the target genes of miR-222. Luciferase assay was performed to determine the direct binding of miR-222-3p to the untranslated region (3'-UTR) of PDCD10. The biological effects of PDCD10 and miR-222-3p were also investigated in vitro by Transwell and wound healing assays, as well as in vivo by a xenograft mice model. Combining UCSC and JASPAR, as well as ENCODE public databases, we predicted that the transcription factor SNAI2 could affect miR-222-3p expression. Luciferase assay was utilized to examine the validity of putative SNAI2 binding sites for miR-222-3p regulation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) was used to explore the SNAI2's occupancy on the miR-222-3p promoter. Results: We observed the inhibitory effect of SNAI2 on miR-222-3p transcription and confirmed the tumor-suppressive function of miR-222-3p both in EOC cells and tissues. PDCD10 was upregulated and inversely correlated with miR-222-3p, both in vitro and in vivo, which was consistent with the information in bioinformatics databases. Furthermore, We observed direct binding of miR-222-3p to the 3'-UTR of PDCD10 and inhibition of PDCD10 translation, which, in turn, inhibited EOC cell migration in vitro and repressed EOC xenografted tumor metastasis in vivo. We found that genetic overexpression of PDCD10 (OE-PDCD10) increased cancer metastasis by down-regulating E-cad and enhancing Vimentin (VIM) thereby inducing EMT and promoting β-catenin/Wnt-mediated cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Fan
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Han Lei
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Sai Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yulong Peng
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Chunyan Fu
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Guang Shu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province
| | - Gang Yin
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- China-Africa Research Center of Infectious Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
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139
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Chi C, Li M, Hou W, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Chen J. Long Noncoding RNA SNHG7 Activates Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Cervical Cancer Cells by Epigenetically Silencing DKK1. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2020; 35:329-337. [PMID: 32275170 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2019.3004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer (CC) ranks fourth in cancers that resulted in death among women, accumulating the attention of researchers. It has been ascertained that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are crucial players in the pathological processes of a host of cancers. And, SNHG7 has been reported to enhance the occurrence of various cancers; however, its function in CC sustains obscure. Aim of the Study: This study explored the function of SNHG7 in CC and further investigates the specific molecular mechanism of SNHG7 in regulating CC. Methods: The levels of SNHG7 in CC cells were reflected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The functions of SNHG7 on CC tumorigenesis were explored by colony formation, CCK-8 (Cell Counting Kit-8), EdU (ethynyl deoxyuridine), and Western blot assays. The influences of SNHG7 depletion on the binding of EZH2 to DKK1 promoter and H3K27me3 occupancy in DKK1 promoter were studied by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Results: SNHG7 was conspicuously higher expressed in CC cells. Knockdown of SNHG7 was detected to ameliorate the malignant behaviors of CC cells. Importantly, the contribution of SNHG7 to CC development was relied on activated Wnt pathway through DDK1-mediated manner. Furthermore, it was confirmed that SNHG7 silencing weakened the binding of EZH2 to DKK1 promoter as well as the occupancy of H3K27me3 in DKK1 promoter. Conclusions: SNHG7 epigenetically silences DKK1 to exacerbate the malignancy of CC via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Chi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Hou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Youguo Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
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140
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Jaschke N, Hofbauer LC, Göbel A, Rachner TD. Evolving functions of Dickkopf-1 in cancer and immunity. Cancer Lett 2020; 482:1-7. [PMID: 32251706 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) is a well-established inhibitor of canonical Wnt-signaling that critically participates in the regulation of bone formation and has been implicated in the development and progression of bone metastases. While the skeleton was originally considered the sole site of DKK-1 synthesis, it has now become clear that the molecule is also highly expressed in T-cells, platelets and multiple cancer cells. In the past years, several new functions of DKK-1 in angiogenesis, cancer cell biology, immune homeostasis and inflammation have been revealed. These novel insights have paved the way for clinical trials investigating the efficacy of anti-DKK-1 antibodies in a variety of different malignancies, most of which are currently still ongoing. In this review, we discuss the evolution and recent advances in DKK-1 research and highlight clinical implications of the available knowledge on the molecule, especially in cancer. Finally, we emphasize outstanding questions and provide an outlook on potential future studies that will aid in further improving our understanding of the pleiotropic roles of DKK-1 in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai Jaschke
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Center for Healthy Ageing, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lorenz C Hofbauer
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Center for Healthy Ageing, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andy Göbel
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Center for Healthy Ageing, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tilman D Rachner
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Center for Healthy Ageing, Department of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
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141
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Cai R, Wang P, Zhao X, Lu X, Deng R, Wang X, Su Z, Hong C, Lin J. LTBP1 promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression through epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer-associated fibroblasts transformation. J Transl Med 2020; 18:139. [PMID: 32216815 PMCID: PMC7098101 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02310-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide. Due to its high morbidity and mortality rates, it is urgent to find a molecular target that contributes to esophageal carcinogenesis and progression. In this research, we aimed to investigate the functions of Latent transforming growth factor β binding protein 1(LTBP1) in ESCC progression and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. METHODS The tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomic approach was applied to screen the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between 3 cases of ESCC tumor samples and paired normal tissues. Then the DEPs were validated in human ESCC tissues using western blot assays and GEPIA database respectively. The expression level of LTBP1 was detected in 152 cases of ESCC tissues and paired normal tissues. Loss-of-function assays were performed to detect the function of LTBP1 in vivo and in vitro. Immunofluorescence and Western blot assays were used to detect the expression of apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) markers. RESULTS A total of 39 proteins were screened to be up-regulated (ratio > 2.0) in all three ESCC tissues. The results of immunohistochemistry assays indicated that the expression level of LTBP1 was higher in ESCC tissues than that in paired normal tissues (p < 0.001). Overexpression of LTBP1 was positively associated with lymphatic metastasis in ESCC (p = 0.002). Down-regulation of LTBP1 inhibited the invasion and migration as well as metastatic abilities in vitro and in vivo. It was also observed the down-regulation of LTBP1 not only decreased the mesenchymal phenotypes but also inhibited TGFβ-induced EMT in ESCC cells. We further found that down-regulation of LTBP1 enhanced ESCC cells' sensitivity to 5-FU treatment. Inhibition of LTBP1 expression could also attenuate induction of CAFs transformation and restrain fibroblast express fibronectin (FN1) in ESCC cells. CONCLUSION Overexpression of LTBP1 was associated with lymph node metastasis in ESCC. Our results indicated that LTBP1 not only increased the malignant behaviors of ESCC cells but also induced EMT and CAFs transformation. Our studies suggested an oncogenic role of LTBP1 in ESCC progression and it may serve as a potential therapeutic target for ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Cai
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiansheng Lu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruxia Deng
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoji Su
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Hong
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China. .,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, Guangdong province, People's Republic of China.
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142
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Zhang Y, Song J, Zhao Z, Yang M, Chen M, Liu C, Ji J, Zhu D. Single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals tumor immune microenvironment heterogenicity and granulocytes enrichment in colorectal cancer liver metastases. Cancer Lett 2020; 470:84-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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143
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Zhang Y, Zu D, Chen Z, Ying G. An update on Wnt signaling pathway in cancer. Transl Cancer Res 2020; 9:1246-1252. [PMID: 35117469 PMCID: PMC8797977 DOI: 10.21037/tcr.2019.12.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Wnt signaling involves many aspects of development, cell biology and physiology. Mutations in the Wnt gene can lead to abnormal embryonic development and cancer formation, including various aspects that affect proliferation, morphogenesis, and differentiation. The occurrence and development of tumors is a complex process involving multiple factors. The Wnt signaling pathway participates in this process as an anti-tumor target by activating multiple gene transcriptions. The emergence of Wnt pathway inhibitors and targeted drugs has opened up a new world of cancer treatment. This review focuses on the mechanism of action of the Wnt signaling pathway in different cancers. Secondly, we have organized and introduced the latest Wnt anti-tumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlu Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Dan Zu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Guoqing Ying
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
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144
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van Schie EH, van Amerongen R. Aberrant WNT/CTNNB1 Signaling as a Therapeutic Target in Human Breast Cancer: Weighing the Evidence. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:25. [PMID: 32083079 PMCID: PMC7005411 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
WNT signaling is crucial for tissue morphogenesis during development in all multicellular animals. After birth, WNT/CTNNB1 responsive stem cells are responsible for tissue homeostasis in various organs and hyperactive WNT/CTNNB1 signaling is observed in many different human cancers. The first link between WNT signaling and breast cancer was established almost 40 years ago, when Wnt1 was identified as a proto-oncogene capable of driving mammary tumor formation in mice. Since that discovery, there has been a dedicated search for aberrant WNT signaling in human breast cancer. However, much debate and controversy persist regarding the importance of WNT signaling for the initiation, progression or maintenance of different breast cancer subtypes. As the first drugs designed to block functional WNT signaling have entered clinical trials, many questions about the role of aberrant WNT signaling in human breast cancer remain. Here, we discuss three major research gaps in this area. First, we still lack a basic understanding of the function of WNT signaling in normal human breast development and physiology. Second, the overall extent and precise effect of (epi)genetic changes affecting the WNT pathway in different breast cancer subtypes are still unknown. Which underlying molecular and cell biological mechanisms are disrupted as a result also awaits further scrutiny. Third, we survey the current status of targeted therapeutics that are aimed at interfering with the WNT pathway in breast cancer patients and highlight the importance and complexity of selecting the subset of patients that may benefit from treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renée van Amerongen
- Section of Molecular Cytology and van Leeuwenhoek Centre for Advanced Microscopy, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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145
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Han Y, Nakayama J, Hayashi Y, Jeong S, Futakuchi M, Ito E, Watanabe S, Semba K. Establishment and characterization of highly osteolytic luminal breast cancer cell lines by intracaudal arterial injection. Genes Cells 2020; 25:111-123. [PMID: 31849141 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Bone is one of the most common metastatic sites of breast cancer, and bone metastasis profoundly affects the quality of life of breast cancer patients. Bone metastasis is commonly observed among all the subtypes of breast cancer; however, its molecular mechanism has been analyzed only in triple-negative subtype of breast cancer (TNBC). To characterize the molecular mechanisms of bone metastasis of luminal breast cancer, we established a bone-metastatic model of the MCF7, luminal breast cancer cell line, with enhanced osteolytic activity by intracaudal arterial injection (CAI). Pathological analysis of the established cell lines revealed that they exhibited fierce osteolytic ability by promoting osteoclast differentiation and activity. The signature genes extracted from highly osteolytic MCF7 cell lines were differed from those of bone-metastatic TNBC cell lines. Our results suggest that unique mechanisms of osteolysis in bone-metastatic lesions of luminal breast cancer. In addition, several up-regulated genes in MCF7-BM (Bone Metastasis) 02 cell lines correlated with poor prognosis with luminal breast cancer patients. Our findings support further study on the bone-metastatic mechanisms of luminal breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Han
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Nakayama
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.,Computational Bio-Big Data Open Innovation Lab. (CBBD-OIL), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Hayashi
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seongmoon Jeong
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Futakuchi
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Emi Ito
- Department of Biomolecular Profiling, Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shinya Watanabe
- Department of Biomolecular Profiling, Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kentaro Semba
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Cell Factory, Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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146
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Xu Z, Liu C, Zhao Q, Lü J, Ding X, Luo A, He J, Wang G, Li Y, Cai Z, Wang Z, Liu J, Liu S, Li W, Yu Z. Long non-coding RNA CCAT2 promotes oncogenesis in triple-negative breast cancer by regulating stemness of cancer cells. Pharmacol Res 2020; 152:104628. [PMID: 31904506 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) are more aggressive due to lacking receptors for hormone therapy and maintaining stemness features in cancer cells. Herein we found long non-coding RNA CCAT2 overexpressed specially in TNBC, and in breast cancer stem cells (BCSC) as well. Enforced overexpression and targeted knockdown demonstrated the oncogenic function of CCAT2 both in vitro and in vivo. CCAT2 promoted the expression of stemness markers including OCT4, Nanog and KLF4, increased mammosphere formation and induced ALDH+ cancer stem cell population in TNBC. A chromosomally adjacent gene OCT4-PG1, as a pseudogene of OCT4, was upregulated by CCAT2, and positively regulated the stemness features of TNBC cells. miR-205 was identified as a target gene of CCAT2 in TNBC. Point-mutation in CCAT2 impaired the sponge inhibition of miR-205. Overexpression of miR-205 rescued the oncogenic phenotypes induced by CCAT2. In addition, Notch2, as a target gene of miR-205, was downregulated by miR-205 and upregulated by CCAT2 in TNBC. Collectively, the current study revealed a novel function of CCAT2 in promoting tumor initiation and progression in TNBC through upregulating OCT4-PG1 expression and activating Notch signaling. These findings not only demonstrated a lncRNA-based therapeutic strategy in treatment of TNBC, but also added a node to the regulatory network of CCAT2 that controls aggressiveness of breast cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Xu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China; Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cuiui Liu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China; Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Jinhui Lü
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Xin Ding
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - An Luo
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Jia He
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Guangxue Wang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Zhaoqing Cai
- Tongji University School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongrui Wang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Junjun Liu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Suling Liu
- Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wenshu Li
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zuoren Yu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China.
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147
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A1CF-promoted colony formation and proliferation of RCC depends on DKK1-MEK/ERK signal axis. Gene 2019; 730:144299. [PMID: 31881249 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.144299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The function and mechanism of RNA editing proteins have been extensively studied, but its association with cellular processes and signaling pathways remained unaddressed. Here, we explored the function of RNA editing complementary protein- Apobec-1 Complementation Factor (A1CF) in the proliferation and colony formation of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells. Decreased A1CF expression inhibits the proliferation and colony formation of 786-O cells; and further signaling pathway screening demonstrated that A1CF increases ERK activation and DKK1 expression. Moreover, knockdown of DKK1 has similar phenotypes with A1CF deficiency in 786-O cells on cell proliferation and colony formation and ERK activation. Decreasing of DKK1 expression reduces the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and MEK1/2 increased by A1CF overexpression; further, inhibiting of the phosphorylation of MEK1/2 by U0126 also decreases the ERK activation upregulated by A1CF overexpression. Deficiency of DKK1 or U0126 treatment suppresses the cell proliferation promoted by A1CF overexpression in 786-O cells; furthermore, U0126 treatment inhibits DKK1-increased cell proliferation in 786-O cells. Our results reveal that DKK1 mediates A1CF to activate ERK in promotion renal carcinoma cell proliferation and colony formation. For the important function of ERK signaling pathway in tumor metastasis and key position of DKK1 in Wnt signaling pathway, we associate RNA editing protein-A1CF with multiple cellular processes and signaling pathways through DKK1, and the key node of A1CF-DKK1-MEK/ERK axis is a potential targeting site for RCC therapy.
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148
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Sui Q, Zheng J, Liu D, Peng J, Ou Q, Tang J, Li Y, Kong L, Jiang W, Xiao B, Chao X, Pan Z, Zhang H, Ding PR. Dickkopf-related protein 1, a new biomarker for local immune status and poor prognosis among patients with colorectal liver Oligometastases: a retrospective study. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:1210. [PMID: 31830954 PMCID: PMC6909492 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6399-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background It was reported that tumor-expressed dickkopf-related (DKK) proteins affect micro-environment. However, the influence of DKK1 on colorectal cancer (CRC) liver oligometastases (CRCLOM) remains unclear. Methods CRC cases after resection of liver oligometastases were enrolled in Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center with intact clinical data. Serum DKK1 was detected by ELISA assay. Immunofluorescent staining examination for CD3 and CD8 in slices were also conducted. Results Among 65 patients included, the recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were significantly better in the low serum DKK1 group (RFS: P = 0.021; OS: P = 0.043). DKK1 was overexpressed in stage IV CRC patients in TCGA data. The number of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in invasive margin of CRC liver oligometastases was significantly higher in low serum DKK1 group (P = 0.042). Conclusion Elevated serum DKK1 level was associated with poorer RFS and OS, and less CD8+ TILs in invasive margin in CRC liver oligometastases. DKK1 might serve as a supplementalprognostic factor for clinical risk score and a potential target for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoqi Sui
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Dingxin Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jianhong Peng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Qingjian Ou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jinghua Tang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Lingheng Kong
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Wu Jiang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Binyi Xiao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xue Chao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Zhizhong Pan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, 510060, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Huizhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, 510060, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China. .,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Pei-Rong Ding
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, 510060, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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149
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Li Y, Su P, Wang Y, Zhang H, Liang Y, Zhang N, Song X, Li X, Li J, Yang Q. Impact of histotypes on preferential organ-specific metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Med 2019; 9:872-881. [PMID: 31814295 PMCID: PMC6997059 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The distant metastasis was the most predictive characters of poor prognosis for triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC). We aimed to evaluate the correlation between patient characters and preferential distant metastatic sites (DMS) and its effects on prognosis. Methods Using the 2010‐2014 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) data, patients with TNBC were classified into eight histologic subtypes. Patient characters were compared using a chi‐squared test. Logistic regression was used for identification of predictive factors. The log‐rank testing was utilized with disease‐specific survival (DSS) and overall survival (OS) as the primary outcomes. Results A total of 23 270 patients with TNBC were involved, including 1544 patients with distant metastatic cancer. Bone metastasis was diagnosed in 559 cases, brain metastasis in 124 cases, liver metastasis found in 369 cases and lung metastasis in 492 cases. Histologic subtypes including metaplastic breast carcinoma and invasive lobular carcinoma showed significant differences in preferential DMS compared with invasive ductal carcinoma. Furthermore, we found different histologic subtypes with specific DMS showed various prognosis. We also evaluated different DMS of specific histologic subtypes showed different prognosis. Conclusion Certain histologic subtypes of breast cancer are associated with preferential DMS and prognosis; this knowledge may help to further understand the mechanism of breast cancer metastasis and to monitor the prognosis of patients with TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaming Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, School of Medicine, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Peng Su
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, School of Medicine, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Hanwen Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, School of Medicine, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Yiran Liang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, School of Medicine, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, School of Medicine, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaojin Song
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, School of Medicine, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, School of Medicine, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qifeng Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, School of Medicine, Ji'nan, Shandong, China.,Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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150
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Johansson M, Giger FA, Fielding T, Houart C. Dkk1 Controls Cell-Cell Interaction through Regulation of Non-nuclear β-Catenin Pools. Dev Cell 2019; 51:775-786.e3. [PMID: 31786070 PMCID: PMC6912161 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2019.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Dickkopf-1 (Dkk1) is a secreted Wnt antagonist with a well-established role in head induction during development. Numerous studies have emerged implicating Dkk1 in various malignancies and neurodegenerative diseases through an unknown mechanism. Using zebrafish gastrulation as a model for collective cell migration, we unveil such a mechanism, identifying a role for Dkk1 in control of cell connectivity and polarity in vivo, independent of its known function. We find that Dkk1 localizes to adhesion complexes at the plasma membrane and regions of concentrated actomyosin, suggesting a direct involvement in regulation of local cell adhesion. Our results show that Dkk1 represses cell polarization and integrity of cell-cell adhesion, independently of its impact on β-catenin protein degradation. Concurrently, Dkk1 prevents nuclear localization of β-catenin by restricting its distribution to a discrete submembrane pool. We propose that redistribution of cytosolic β-catenin by Dkk1 concomitantly drives repression of cell adhesion and inhibits β-catenin-dependent transcriptional output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Johansson
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology and MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK.
| | - Florence A Giger
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology and MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Triona Fielding
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology and MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Corinne Houart
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology and MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK.
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