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Elevated mean neutrophil volume represents altered neutrophil composition and reflects damage after myocardial infarction. Basic Res Cardiol 2015; 110:58. [PMID: 26467178 PMCID: PMC4605987 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-015-0513-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) induces an inflammatory response in which neutrophils fulfill a prominent role. Mean neutrophil volume (MNV) represents the average size of the circulating neutrophil population. Our goal was to determine the effect of MI on MNV and investigate the mechanisms behind MNV elevation. MNV of 84 MI patients was compared with the MNV of 209 stable angina patients and correlated to simultaneously measured CK levels. Fourteen pigs were subjected to temporary coronary balloon occlusion and blood was sampled at multiple time points to measure MNV. Echocardiography was performed followed by ex vivo infarct size assessment after 72 h. MNV was higher in MI patients compared to stable angina patients (602 SD26 AU vs. 580 SD20 AU, p < 0.0001) and correlated with simultaneously measured CK levels (R = 0.357, p < 0.0001). In pigs, MNV was elevated post-MI (451 SD11 AU vs. 469 SD12 AU), p < 0.0001). MNV correlated with infarct size (R = 0.705, p = 0.007) and inversely correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction (R = −0.718, p = 0.009). Cell sorting revealed an increased presence of banded neutrophils after MI, which have a higher MNV compared to mature neutrophils post-MI (495 SD14 AU vs. 478 SD11 AU, p = 0.012). MNV from coronary sinus blood was higher than MNV of neutrophils from simultaneously sampled arterial blood (463 SD7.6 AU vs. 461 SD8.6 AU, p = 0.013) post-MI. The current study shows MNV is elevated and reflects cardiac damage post-MI. MNV increases due to altered neutrophil composition and systemic neutrophil activation. MNV may be an interesting parameter for prognostic assessment in MI and provide new insights into pathological innate immune responses evoked by ischemia–reperfusion.
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Deng Y, Yang M, Xu F, Zhang Q, Zhao Q, Yu H, Li D, Zhang G, Lu A, Cho K, Teng F, Wu P, Wang L, Wu W, Liu X, Guo DA, Jiang B. Combined Salvianolic Acid B and Ginsenoside Rg1 Exerts Cardioprotection against Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135435. [PMID: 26280455 PMCID: PMC4539231 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lack of pharmacological strategies in clinics restricts the patient prognosis with myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cardioprotection of combined salvianolic acid B (SalB) and ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) against myocardial I/R injury and further investigate the underlying mechanism. I/R injury was induced by coronary artery ligation for Wistar male rats and hypoxia/reoxygenation injury was induced on H9c2 cells. Firstly, the best ratio between SalB and Rg1was set as 2:5 based on their effects on heart function detected by hemodynamic measurement. Then SalB-Rg1 (2:5) was found to maintain mitochondrial membrane potential and resist apoptosis and necrosis in H9c2 cell with hypoxia/reoxygenation injury. Companying with same dose of SalB or Rg1 only, SalB-Rg1 showed more significant effects on down-regulation of myocardial infarct size, maintenance of myocardium structure, improvement on cardiac function, decrease of cytokine secretion including TNF-α, IL-1β, RANTES and sVCAM-1. Finally, the SalB-Rg1 improved the viability of cardiac myocytes other than cardiac fibroblasts in rats with I/R injury using flow cytometry. Our results revealed that SalB-Rg1 was a promising strategy to prevent myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Road #501, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Min Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Road #501, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road #103, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Qun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Road #501, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road #103, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Haitao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Road #501, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Defang Li
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Aiping Lu
- Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kenka Cho
- Takarazuka University of Medical and Health Care, Hanayashiki-Midorigaoka, Takarazuka-city, 6660162, Japan
| | - Fukang Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Road #501, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road #103, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Peng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Road #501, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road #103, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Road #501, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wanying Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Road #501, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Road #501, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - De-an Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Road #501, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Baohong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Road #501, Shanghai, 201203, China
- * E-mail:
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