101
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Boufraqech M, Patel D, Nilubol N, Powers A, King T, Shell J, Lack J, Zhang L, Gara SK, Gunda V, Klubo-Gwiezdzinska J, Kumar S, Fagin J, Knauf J, Parangi S, Venzon D, Quezado M, Kebebew E. Lysyl Oxidase Is a Key Player in BRAF/MAPK Pathway-Driven Thyroid Cancer Aggressiveness. Thyroid 2019; 29:79-92. [PMID: 30398411 PMCID: PMC6352555 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2018.0424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The BRAFV600E mutation is the most common somatic mutation in thyroid cancer. The mechanism associated with BRAF-mutant tumor aggressiveness remains unclear. Lysyl oxidase (LOX) is highly expressed in aggressive thyroid cancers, and involved in cancer metastasis. The objective was to determine whether LOX mediates the effect of the activated MAPK pathway in thyroid cancer. METHODS The prognostic value of LOX and its association with mutated BRAF was analyzed in The Cancer Genome Atlas and an independent cohort. Inhibition of mutant BRAF and the MAPK pathway, and overexpression of mutant BRAF and mouse models of BRAFV600E were used to test the effect on LOX expression. RESULTS In The Cancer Genome Atlas cohort, LOX expression was higher in BRAF-mutant tumors compared to wild-type tumors (p < 0.0001). Patients with BRAF-mutant tumors with high LOX expression had a shorter disease-free survival (p = 0.03) compared to patients with a BRAF mutation and the low LOX group. In the independent cohort, a significant positive correlation between LOX and percentage of BRAF mutated cells was found. The independent cohort confirmed high LOX expression to be associated with a shorter disease-free survival (p = 0.01). Inhibition of BRAFV600E and MEK decreased LOX expression. Conversely, overexpression of mutant BRAF increased LOX expression. The mice with thyroid-specific expression of BRAFV600E showed strong LOX and p-ERK expression in tumor tissue. Inhibition of BRAFV600E in transgenic and orthotopic mouse models significantly reduced the tumor burden as well as LOX and p-ERK expression. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest that BRAFV600E tumors with high LOX expression are associated with more aggressive disease. The biological underpinnings of the clinical findings were confirmed by showing that BRAF and the MAPK pathway regulate LOX expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriem Boufraqech
- Endocrine Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Dhaval Patel
- Endocrine Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Naris Nilubol
- Endocrine Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Astin Powers
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Timothy King
- Endocrine Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jasmine Shell
- Endocrine Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Justin Lack
- NIAID Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource (NCBR), NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
- Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Lisa Zhang
- Endocrine Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sudheer Kumar Gara
- Endocrine Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Viswanath Gunda
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joanna Klubo-Gwiezdzinska
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Endocrine Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - James Fagin
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Jeffrey Knauf
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Sareh Parangi
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David Venzon
- Biostatistics and Data Management Section, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Martha Quezado
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Electron Kebebew
- Department of Surgery and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Address correspondence to: Electron Kebebew, MD, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, H3642, Stanford, CA 94305
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102
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Yan W, Yu H, Li W, Li F, Wang S, Yu N, Jiang Q. Plk1 promotes the migration of human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cells via STAT3 signaling. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:6801-6807. [PMID: 30405824 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polo-like kinase (Plk)1 contributes to the development of human cancer via multiple mechanisms, such as promoting the migration of cancer cells. However, the mechanistic basis for the regulation of cell migration by Plk1 remains unknown. To address this question, the present study investigated the effect of Plk1 inhibition on the migration of human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial A549 cells and the molecular factors involved. A549 cells were treated with the Plk1 inhibitor, BI2536, and cell migration was evaluated with the wound-healing assay. The expression of matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)2, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)A, total and phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 was assessed by western blotting and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction following Plk1 knockdown and/or STAT3 overexpression. The interaction between Plk1 and STAT3 was evaluated by co-immunoprecipitation. The levels of MMP2 and VEGFA were decreased by treatment with Plk1 inhibitor. The phosphorylation of STAT3, which acts upstream of MMP2 and VEGFA, was also decreased by Plk1 knockdown, an effect that was abrogated by STAT3 overexpression. In addition, Plk1 was detected to bind with STAT3 either directly or as part of a complex by co-immunoprecipitation experiments. These results indicated that Plk1 may promote the migration of A549 cells via regulation of STAT3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijuan Yan
- Laboratory of Nuclear and Radiation Damage, The General Hospital of The Second Artillery Corps of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100088, P.R. China
| | - Huijie Yu
- Laboratory of Nuclear and Radiation Damage, The General Hospital of The Second Artillery Corps of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100088, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Laboratory of Nuclear and Radiation Damage, The General Hospital of The Second Artillery Corps of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100088, P.R. China
| | - Fengsheng Li
- Laboratory of Nuclear and Radiation Damage, The General Hospital of The Second Artillery Corps of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100088, P.R. China
| | - Sinian Wang
- Laboratory of Nuclear and Radiation Damage, The General Hospital of The Second Artillery Corps of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100088, P.R. China
| | - Nan Yu
- Laboratory of Nuclear and Radiation Damage, The General Hospital of The Second Artillery Corps of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100088, P.R. China
| | - Qisheng Jiang
- Laboratory of Nuclear and Radiation Damage, The General Hospital of The Second Artillery Corps of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100088, P.R. China
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103
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Mao F, Li J, Luo Q, Wang R, Kong Y, Carlock C, Liu Z, Elzey BD, Liu X. Plk1 Inhibition Enhances the Efficacy of BET Epigenetic Reader Blockade in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 17:1554-1565. [PMID: 29716963 PMCID: PMC6030429 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-0945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1), a crucial regulator of cell-cycle progression, is overexpressed in multiple types of cancers and has been proven to be a potent and promising target for cancer treatment. In case of prostate cancer, we once showed that antineoplastic activity of Plk1 inhibitor is largely due to inhibition of androgen receptor (AR) signaling. However, we also discovered that Plk1 inhibition causes activation of the β-catenin pathway and increased expression of c-MYC, eventually resulting in resistance to Plk1 inhibition. JQ1, a selective small-molecule inhibitor targeting the amino-terminal bromodomains of BRD4, has been shown to dramatically inhibit c-MYC expression and AR signaling, exhibiting antiproliferative effects in a range of cancers. Because c-MYC and AR signaling are essential for prostate cancer initiation and progression, we aim to test whether targeting Plk1 and BRD4 at the same time is an effective approach to treat prostate cancer. Herein, we show that a combination of Plk1 inhibitor GSK461364A and BRD4 inhibitor JQ1 had a strong synergistic effect on castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) cell lines, as well as in CRPC xenograft tumors. Mechanistically, the synergistic effect is likely due to two reasons: (i) Plk1 inhibition results in the accumulation of β-catenin in the nucleus, thus elevation of c-MYC expression, whereas JQ1 treatment directly suppresses c-MYC transcription; (ii) Plk1 and BRD4 dual inhibition acts synergistically in inhibition of AR signaling. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(7); 1554-65. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyi Mao
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Qian Luo
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Ruixin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Yifan Kong
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Colin Carlock
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Zian Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Bennet D Elzey
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Xiaoqi Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.
- Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
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104
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Saurin AT. Kinase and Phosphatase Cross-Talk at the Kinetochore. Front Cell Dev Biol 2018; 6:62. [PMID: 29971233 PMCID: PMC6018199 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2018.00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple kinases and phosphatases act on the kinetochore to control chromosome segregation: Aurora B, Mps1, Bub1, Plk1, Cdk1, PP1, and PP2A-B56, have all been shown to regulate both kinetochore-microtubule attachments and the spindle assembly checkpoint. Given that so many kinases and phosphatases converge onto two key mitotic processes, it is perhaps not surprising to learn that they are, quite literally, entangled in cross-talk. Inhibition of any one of these enzymes produces secondary effects on all the others, which results in a complicated picture that is very difficult to interpret. This review aims to clarify this picture by first collating the direct effects of each enzyme into one overarching schematic of regulation at the Knl1/Mis12/Ndc80 (KMN) network (a major signaling hub at the outer kinetochore). This schematic will then be used to discuss the implications of the cross-talk that connects these enzymes; both in terms of why it may be needed to produce the right type of kinetochore signals and why it nevertheless complicates our interpretations about which enzymes control what processes. Finally, some general experimental approaches will be discussed that could help to characterize kinetochore signaling by dissociating the direct from indirect effect of kinase or phosphatase inhibition in vivo. Together, this review should provide a framework to help understand how a network of kinases and phosphatases cooperate to regulate two key mitotic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian T. Saurin
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
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105
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Becker AK, Erfle H, Gunkel M, Beil N, Kaderali L, Starkuviene V. Comparison of Cell Arrays and Multi-Well Plates in Microscopy-Based Screening. High Throughput 2018; 7:ht7020013. [PMID: 29762489 PMCID: PMC6023461 DOI: 10.3390/ht7020013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Multi-well plates and cell arrays enable microscopy-based screening assays in which many samples can be analysed in parallel. Each of the formats possesses its own strengths and weaknesses, but reference comparisons between these platforms and their application rationale is lacking. We aim to fill this gap by comparing two RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated fluorescence microscopy-based assays, namely epidermal growth factor (EGF) internalization and cell cycle progression, on both platforms. Quantitative analysis revealed that both platforms enabled the generation of data with the appearance of the expected phenotypes significantly distinct from the negative controls. The measurements of cell cycle progression were less variable in multi-well plates. The result can largely be attributed to higher cell numbers resulting in less data variability when dealing with the assay generating phenotypic cell subpopulations. The EGF internalization assay with a uniform phenotype over nearly the whole cell population performed better on cell arrays than in multi-well plates. The result was achieved by scoring five times less cells on cell arrays than in multi-well plates, indicating the efficiency of the cell array format. Our data indicate that the choice of the screening platform primarily depends on the type of the cellular assay to achieve a maximum data quality and screen efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Kristin Becker
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Holger Erfle
- BioQuant, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Manuel Gunkel
- BioQuant, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Nina Beil
- BioQuant, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Lars Kaderali
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Vytaute Starkuviene
- BioQuant, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
- Institute of Biosciences, Vilnius University Life Sciences Center, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania.
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106
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Rondeau G, Abedinpour P, Chrastina A, Pelayo J, Borgstrom P, Welsh J. Differential gene expression induced by anti-cancer agent plumbagin is mediated by androgen receptor in prostate cancer cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2694. [PMID: 29426892 PMCID: PMC5807367 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20451-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of mice harboring PTEN-P2 tumors in the prostate or on prostate tissue in vivo with 5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone, also known as plumbagin, results in tumor regression in castrated mice, but not in intact mice. This suggested that dihydrotestosterone (DHT) production in the testes may prevent cell death due to plumbagin treatment, but the underlying mechanism is not understood. We performed RNA-seq analysis on cells treated with combinations of plumbagin and DHT, and analyzed differential gene expression, to gain insight into the interactions between androgen and plumbgin. DHT and plumbagin synergize to alter the expression of many genes that are not differentially regulated by either single agent when used alone. These experiments revealed that, for many genes, increases in mRNAs caused by DHT are sharply down-regulated by plumbagin, and that many transcripts change in response to plumbagin in a DHT-dependent manner. This suggests that androgen receptor mediates some of the effects of plumbagin on gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaelle Rondeau
- Vaccine Research Institute of San Diego, 3030 Bunker Hill Street, Suite 200, San Diego, CA, 92109, USA
| | - Parisa Abedinpour
- Vaccine Research Institute of San Diego, 3030 Bunker Hill Street, Suite 200, San Diego, CA, 92109, USA
| | - Adrian Chrastina
- Vaccine Research Institute of San Diego, 3030 Bunker Hill Street, Suite 200, San Diego, CA, 92109, USA
| | - Jennifer Pelayo
- Vaccine Research Institute of San Diego, 3030 Bunker Hill Street, Suite 200, San Diego, CA, 92109, USA
| | - Per Borgstrom
- Vaccine Research Institute of San Diego, 3030 Bunker Hill Street, Suite 200, San Diego, CA, 92109, USA.,Pellficure Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 2325 Camino del Collado, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - John Welsh
- Vaccine Research Institute of San Diego, 3030 Bunker Hill Street, Suite 200, San Diego, CA, 92109, USA.
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107
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Cao YY, Yu J, Liu TT, Yang KX, Yang LY, Chen Q, Shi F, Hao JJ, Cai Y, Wang MR, Lu WH, Zhang Y. Plumbagin inhibits the proliferation and survival of esophageal cancer cells by blocking STAT3-PLK1-AKT signaling. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:17. [PMID: 29339720 PMCID: PMC5833725 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0068-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the deadliest cancers, and it requires novel treatment approaches and effective drugs. In the present study, we found that treatment with plumbagin, a natural compound, reduced proliferation and survival of the KYSE150 and KYSE450 ESCC cell lines in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. The drug also effectively inhibited the viability of primary ESCC cells from fresh biopsy specimens. Furthermore, plumbagin-induced mitotic arrest and massive apoptosis in ESCC cells. Notably, the drug significantly suppressed the colony formation capacity of ESCC cells in vitro and the growth of KYSE150 xenograft tumors in vivo. At the molecular level, we found that exposure to plumbagin decreased both polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) and phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-AKT) expression in both ESCC cell lines. Enforced PLK1 expression in ESCC cells not only markedly rescued cells from plumbagin-induced apoptosis and proliferation inhibition but also restored the impaired AKT activity. Furthermore, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), a transcription factor of PLK1, was also inactivated in plumbagin-treated ESCC cells; however, the overexpression of a constitutively activated STAT3 mutant, STAT3C, reinstated the plumbagin-elicited blockade of PLK1-AKT signaling in ESCC cells. Taken together, these findings indicate that plumbagin inhibits proliferation and potentiates apoptosis in human ESCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Plumbagin may exert these antitumor effects by abrogating STAT3-PLK1-AKT signaling, which suggests that plumbagin may be a novel, promising anticancer agent for the treatment of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ya Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, 241001, Wuhu, China
| | - Jing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Ting-Ting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Kai-Xia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Yan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Qun Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, 241001, Wuhu, China
| | - Feng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Jie Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Rong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Hua Lu
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, 241001, Wuhu, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 100021, Beijing, China.
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108
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Dufies M, Ambrosetti D, Boulakirba S, Calleja A, Savy C, Furstoss N, Zerhouni M, Parola J, Aira-Diaz L, Marchetti S, Orange F, Lacas-Gervais S, Luciano F, Jacquel A, Robert G, Pagès G, Auberger P. ATP-competitive Plk1 inhibitors induce caspase 3-mediated Plk1 cleavage and activation in hematopoietic cell lines. Oncotarget 2017. [PMID: 29541386 PMCID: PMC5834281 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Polo-like kinases (Plks) define a highly conserved family of Ser/Thr kinases with crucial roles in the regulation of cell division. Here we show that Plk1 is cleaved by caspase 3, but not by other caspases in different hematopoietic cell lines treated with competitive inhibitors of the ATP-binding pocket of Plk1. Intriguingly, Plk1 was not cleaved in cells treated with Rigosertib, a non-competitive inhibitor of Plk1, suggesting that binding of the inhibitor to the ATP binding pocket of Plk1 triggers a conformational change and unmasks a cryptic caspase 3 cleavage site on the protein. Cleavage occurs after Asp-404 in a DYSD/K sequence and separates the kinase domain from the two PBDs of Plk1. All Plk1 inhibitors triggered G2/M arrest, activation of caspases 2 and 3, polyploidy, multiple nuclei and mitotic catastrophe, albeit at higher concentrations in the case of Rigosertib. Upon BI-2536 treatment, Plk1 cleavage occurred only in the cytosolic fraction and cleaved Plk1 accumulated in this subcellular compartment. Importantly, the cleaved N-Terminal fragment of Plk1 exhibited a higher enzymatic activity than its non-cleaved counterpart and accumulated into the cytoplasm conversely to the full length and the C-Terminal Plk1 fragments that were found essentially into the nucleus. Finally, the DYSD/K cleavage site was highly conserved during evolution from c. elegans to human. In conclusion, we described herein for the first time a specific cleavage of Plk1 by caspase 3 following treatment of cancer cells with ATP-competitive inhibitors of Plk1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maeva Dufies
- Université Côte d'Azur, C3M/Inserm U1065, Nice, France.,Université Côte d'Azur, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), CNRS UMR 7284, INSERM U 1081, Nice, France
| | - Damien Ambrosetti
- Université Côte d'Azur, CHU Nice, Department of Pathology, Nice, France
| | - Sonia Boulakirba
- Université Côte d'Azur, C3M/Inserm U1065, Nice, France.,Equipe Labellisée par la Fondation ARC (2017-2020), Paris, France
| | - Anne Calleja
- Université Côte d'Azur, C3M/Inserm U1065, Nice, France.,Equipe Labellisée par la Fondation ARC (2017-2020), Paris, France
| | - Coline Savy
- Université Côte d'Azur, C3M/Inserm U1065, Nice, France.,Equipe Labellisée par la Fondation ARC (2017-2020), Paris, France
| | | | | | - Julien Parola
- Université Côte d'Azur, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), CNRS UMR 7284, INSERM U 1081, Nice, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Frederic Luciano
- Université Côte d'Azur, C3M/Inserm U1065, Nice, France.,Equipe Labellisée par la Fondation ARC (2017-2020), Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Jacquel
- Université Côte d'Azur, C3M/Inserm U1065, Nice, France.,Equipe Labellisée par la Fondation ARC (2017-2020), Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Robert
- Université Côte d'Azur, C3M/Inserm U1065, Nice, France.,Equipe Labellisée par la Fondation ARC (2017-2020), Paris, France
| | - Gilles Pagès
- Université Côte d'Azur, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), CNRS UMR 7284, INSERM U 1081, Nice, France
| | - Patrick Auberger
- Université Côte d'Azur, C3M/Inserm U1065, Nice, France.,Equipe Labellisée par la Fondation ARC (2017-2020), Paris, France
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109
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Miz1 Controls Schwann Cell Proliferation via H3K36 me2 Demethylase Kdm8 to Prevent Peripheral Nerve Demyelination. J Neurosci 2017; 38:858-877. [PMID: 29217679 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0843-17.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Schwann cell differentiation and myelination depends on chromatin remodeling, histone acetylation, and methylation, which all affect Schwann cell proliferation. We previously reported that the deletion of the POZ (POxvirus and Zinc finger) domain of the transcription factor Miz1 (Myc-interacting zinc finger protein; encoded by Zbtb17) in mouse Schwann cells (Miz1ΔPOZ) causes a neuropathy at 90 d after birth [postnatal day (P) 90], with a subsequent spontaneous regeneration. Here we show that RNA sequencing from Miz1ΔPOZ and control animals at P30 revealed a set of upregulated genes with a strong correlation to cell-cycle regulation. Consistently, a subset of Schwann cells did not exit the cell cycle as observed in control animals and the growth fraction increased over time. From the RNAseq gene list, two direct Miz1 target genes were identified, one of which encodes the histone H3K36me2 demethylase Kdm8. We show that the expression of Kdm8 is repressed by Miz1 and that its release in Miz1ΔPOZ cells induces a decrease of H3K36me2, especially in deregulated cell-cycle-related genes. The linkage between elevated Kdm8 expression, hypomethylation of H3K36 at cell-cycle-relevant genes, and the subsequent re-entering of adult Schwann cells into the cell cycle suggests that the release of Kdm8 repression in the absence of a functional Miz1 is a central issue in the development of the Miz1ΔPOZ phenotype.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The deletion of the Miz1 (Myc-interacting zinc finger protein 1) POZ (POxvirus and Zinc finger) domain in Schwann cells causes a neuropathy. Here we report sustained Schwann cell proliferation caused by an increased expression of the direct Miz1 target gene Kdm8, encoding a H3K36me2 demethylase. Hence, the demethylation of H3K36 is linked to the pathogenesis of a neuropathy.
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110
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Hou SQ, Ouyang M, Brandmaier A, Hao H, Shen WH. PTEN in the maintenance of genome integrity: From DNA replication to chromosome segregation. Bioessays 2017; 39. [PMID: 28891157 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201700082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Faithful DNA replication and accurate chromosome segregation are the key machineries of genetic transmission. Disruption of these processes represents a hallmark of cancer and often results from loss of tumor suppressors. PTEN is an important tumor suppressor that is frequently mutated or deleted in human cancer. Loss of PTEN has been associated with aneuploidy and poor prognosis in cancer patients. In mice, Pten deletion or mutation drives genomic instability and tumor development. PTEN deficiency induces DNA replication stress, confers stress tolerance, and disrupts mitotic spindle architecture, leading to accumulation of structural and numerical chromosome instability. Therefore, PTEN guards the genome by controlling multiple processes of chromosome inheritance. Here, we summarize current understanding of the PTEN function in promoting high-fidelity transmission of genetic information. We also discuss the PTEN pathways of genome maintenance and highlight potential targets for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Qi Hou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Meng Ouyang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew Brandmaier
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hongbo Hao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wen H Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
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