101
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Liu C, Lan Y, Liu B, Zhang H, Hu H. T Cell Development: Old Tales Retold By Single-Cell RNA Sequencing. Trends Immunol 2021; 42:165-175. [PMID: 33446417 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2020.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian T cell development initiates from the migration of hematopoietic progenitors to the thymus, which undergo cell proliferation, T-lineage specification and commitment, as well as positive and negative selection. These processes are precisely controlled at multiple levels and have been intensively studied using gene-modified animal models and in vitro coculture systems. However, several long-standing questions, including the characterization of the rare but crucial progenitors/precursors and the molecular mechanisms underlying their fate decision, have been dampened because of cell scarcity and lack of appropriate techniques. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) makes it possible to investigate and resolve some of these questions, leading to new remarkable progress in identifying and characterizing early thymic progenitors and delineating the refined developmental trajectories of conventional and unconventional T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yu Lan
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100071, China; Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Huiyuan Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Hongbo Hu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China.
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102
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Surace L, Doisne JM, Croft CA, Thaller A, Escoll P, Marie S, Petrosemoli N, Guillemot V, Dardalhon V, Topazio D, Cama A, Buchrieser C, Taylor N, Amit I, Musumeci O, Di Santo JP. Dichotomous metabolic networks govern human ILC2 proliferation and function. Nat Immunol 2021; 22:1367-1374. [PMID: 34686862 PMCID: PMC8553616 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-021-01043-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) represent innate homologs of type 2 helper T cells (TH2) that participate in immune defense and tissue homeostasis through production of type 2 cytokines. While T lymphocytes metabolically adapt to microenvironmental changes, knowledge of human ILC2 metabolism is limited, and its key regulators are unknown. Here, we show that circulating 'naive' ILC2s have an unexpected metabolic profile with a higher level of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) than natural killer (NK) cells. Accordingly, ILC2s are severely reduced in individuals with mitochondrial disease (MD) and impaired OXPHOS. Metabolomic and nutrient receptor analysis revealed ILC2 uptake of amino acids to sustain OXPHOS at steady state. Following activation with interleukin-33 (IL-33), ILC2s became highly proliferative, relying on glycolysis and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) to produce IL-13 while continuing to fuel OXPHOS with amino acids to maintain cellular fitness and proliferation. Our results suggest that proliferation and function are metabolically uncoupled in human ILC2s, offering new strategies to target ILC2s in disease settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Surace
- grid.428999.70000 0001 2353 6535Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Inserm U1223, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marc Doisne
- grid.428999.70000 0001 2353 6535Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Inserm U1223, Paris, France
| | - Carys A. Croft
- grid.428999.70000 0001 2353 6535Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Inserm U1223, Paris, France ,grid.508487.60000 0004 7885 7602Université de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Anna Thaller
- grid.428999.70000 0001 2353 6535Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Inserm U1223, Paris, France ,grid.508487.60000 0004 7885 7602Université de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Pedro Escoll
- grid.428999.70000 0001 2353 6535Biology of Intracellular Bacteria Unit, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR 3525, Paris, France
| | - Solenne Marie
- grid.428999.70000 0001 2353 6535Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Inserm U1223, Paris, France
| | - Natalia Petrosemoli
- grid.428999.70000 0001 2353 6535Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Center of Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Integrative Biology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Guillemot
- grid.428999.70000 0001 2353 6535Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Center of Bioinformatics, Biostatistics, and Integrative Biology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Valerie Dardalhon
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Davide Topazio
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital ‘Mazzini’, Teramo, Italy
| | - Antonia Cama
- Department of Maxillofacial and Otolaryngology, Hospital ‘F. Renzetti’, Lanciano, Italy
| | - Carmen Buchrieser
- grid.428999.70000 0001 2353 6535Biology of Intracellular Bacteria Unit, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR 3525, Paris, France
| | - Naomi Taylor
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Ido Amit
- grid.13992.300000 0004 0604 7563Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Olimpia Musumeci
- grid.10438.3e0000 0001 2178 8421Unit of Neurology and Neuromuscular Disorders, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - James P. Di Santo
- grid.428999.70000 0001 2353 6535Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Inserm U1223, Paris, France
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103
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O’Connell P, Aldhamen YA. Systemic innate and adaptive immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 as it relates to other coronaviruses. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2020; 16:2980-2991. [PMID: 32878546 PMCID: PMC8641610 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2020.1802974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The deadly pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) represents one of the greatest threats humanity has faced in the last century. Infection with this easily transmissible virus can run the gamut from asymptomatic to fatal, and the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 has been termed Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). What little research that has already been conducted implicates pathological responses by the immune system as the leading culprit responsible for much of the morbidity and mortality caused by COVID-19. In this review we will summarize what is currently known about the systemic immune response to SARS-CoV-2 and potential immunotherapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick O’Connell
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Yasser A. Aldhamen
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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104
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Innate Lymphoid Cells: Important Regulators of Host-Bacteria Interaction for Border Defense. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8091342. [PMID: 32887435 PMCID: PMC7563982 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8091342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a recently discovered type of innate immune lymphocyte. They include three different groups classified by the nature of the transcription factors required for their development and by the cytokines they produce. ILCs mainly reside in tissues close to the mucosal barrier such as the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. Due to their close proximity to the mucosal surface, ILCs are exposed to a variety of both commensal and pathogenic bacteria. Under non-pathological conditions, ILCs have been shown to be important regulators for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis by mutual interactions with the microbiome. Besides these important functions at homeostasis, several studies have also provided emerging evidence that ILCs contribute to defense against pathogenic bacterial infection by responding rapidly to the pathogens as well as orchestrating other immune cells. In this review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of the interactions of ILCs and bacteria, with special focus on the function of the different ILC subsets in bacterial infections.
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105
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Xu C, Li HB, Flavell RA. A special collection of reviews on frontiers in immunology. Cell Res 2020; 30:827-828. [PMID: 32859992 PMCID: PMC7454546 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-020-00403-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chenqi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Hua-Bing Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Liver Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China. .,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine-Yale Institute for Immune Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. .,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New Haven, CT, USA.
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