101
|
Panunzio A, Tafuri A, Princiotta A, Gentile I, Mazzucato G, Trabacchin N, Antonelli A, Cerruto MA. Omics in urology: An overview on concepts, current status and future perspectives. Urologia 2021; 88:270-279. [PMID: 34169788 DOI: 10.1177/03915603211022960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent technological advances in molecular biology have led to great progress in the knowledge of structure and function of cells and their main constituents. In this setting, 'omics' is standing out in order to significantly improve the understanding of etiopathogenetic mechanisms of disease and contribute to the development of new biochemical diagnostics and therapeutic tools. 'Omics' indicates the scientific branches investigating every aspect of cell's biology, including structures, functions and dynamics pathways. The main 'omics' are genomics, epigenomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics and radiomics. Their diffusion, success and proliferation, addressed to many research fields, has led to many important acquisitions, even in Urology. Aim of this narrative review is to define the state of art of 'omics' application in Urology, describing the most recent and relevant findings, in both oncological and non-oncological diseases, focusing the attention on urinary tract infectious, interstitial cystitis, urolithiasis, prostate cancer, bladder cancer and renal cell carcinoma. In Urology the majority of 'omics' applications regard the pathogenesis and diagnosis of the investigated diseases. In future, its role should be implemented in order to develop specific predictors and tailored treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Panunzio
- Department of Urology, University of Verona, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Tafuri
- Department of Urology, University of Verona, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, Physiology and Physiopathology division, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessandro Princiotta
- Department of Urology, University of Verona, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Ilaria Gentile
- Department of Urology, University of Verona, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Mazzucato
- Department of Urology, University of Verona, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Nicolò Trabacchin
- Department of Urology, University of Verona, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Antonelli
- Department of Urology, University of Verona, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Maria Angela Cerruto
- Department of Urology, University of Verona, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Maio M, Blank C, Necchi A, Di Giacomo AM, Ibrahim R, Lahn M, Fox BA, Bell RB, Tortora G, Eggermont AMM. Neoadjuvant immunotherapy is reshaping cancer management across multiple tumour types: The future is now! Eur J Cancer 2021; 152:155-164. [PMID: 34107449 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2021.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The Italian Network for Tumor Biotherapy (Network Italiano per la Bioterapia dei Tumori [NIBIT]) Foundation hosted its annual 2020 Think Tank meeting virtually, at which representatives from academic, clinical, industry, philanthropic, and regulatory organisations discussed the role of neoadjuvant immunotherapy for the treatment of cancer. Although the number of neoadjuvant immunotherapeutic trials is increasing across all malignancies, the Think Tank focused its discussion on the status of neoadjuvant trials in cutaneous melanoma (CM), muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer (MIBC), head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Neoadjuvant developments in CM are nothing short of trailblazing. Pathologic Complete Response (pCR), pathologic near Complete Response, and partial Pathologic Responses reduce 90-100% of recurrences. This is in sharp contrast to targeted therapies in neoadjuvant CM trials, where only a pCR seems to reduce recurrence. The pCR rate after neoadjuvant immunotherapy varies among the different malignancies of CM, MIBC, HNSCC, and PDAC and may be associated with different reductions of recurrence rates. In CM, emerging evidence suggests that neoadjuvant immunotherapy with anti-CTLA-4 plus anti-PD1 is a game changer in patients with palpable nodal Stage III or resectable Stage IV disease by curing more patients, reducing recurrences and the need for surgical interventions, such as lymph node dissections and metastasectomies. The Think Tank panel discussed future approaches on how to optimise results across different tumour types. Future approaches should include reducing monocyte-mediated (tumour-associated macrophages) and fibroblast-mediated (cancer-associated fibroblasts) barriers in the tumour microenvironment to facilitate the recruitment of immune cells to the tumour site, to reduce immune-suppressive mediators, and to increase antigen presentation at the site of the tumour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Maio
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Department of Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital of Siena, Viale Mario Bracci 16, Siena, Italy; Italian Network for Tumor Bio-Immunotherapy Foundation, Siena, Italy.
| | - Christian Blank
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Andrea Necchi
- Genitourinary Medical Oncology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Anna Maria Di Giacomo
- Center for Immuno-Oncology, Department of Oncology, Medical Oncology and Immunotherapy, University Hospital of Siena, Viale Mario Bracci 16, Siena, Italy; Italian Network for Tumor Bio-Immunotherapy Foundation, Siena, Italy.
| | - Ramy Ibrahim
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Michael Lahn
- IOnctura SA, Avenue Secheron 15, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Bernard A Fox
- Earle A. Chiles Research Institute at the Robert W. Franz Cancer Center, Providence Cancer Institute, Providence Portland Medical Center, 4805 NE Glisan, Portland, OR 97213, USA.
| | - R Bryan Bell
- Earle A. Chiles Research Institute at the Robert W. Franz Cancer Center, Providence Cancer Institute, Providence Portland Medical Center, 4805 NE Glisan, Portland, OR 97213, USA.
| | - Giampaolo Tortora
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS e Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168 Roma, Italy.
| | - Alexander M M Eggermont
- Princess Máxima Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
KRT20, KRT5, ESR1 and ERBB2 Expression Can Predict Pathologic Outcome in Patients Undergoing Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Radical Cystectomy for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11060473. [PMID: 34073233 PMCID: PMC8229873 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11060473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) that underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) prior to radical cystectomy (RC) show improved overall survival, especially those with pathological complete response (pCR). The response to NAC according to molecular subtypes has been discussed. Molecular targets such as estrogen receptor (ESR1) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ERBB2) play an important role in breast cancer management and have also been associated with urothelial bladder cancer. Hence, the association of Keratin 20 (KRT20) Keratin 5 (KRT5), ESR1, and ERBB2 mRNA expression in MIBC at transurethral resection (TUR-BT) with pCR after NAC was analyzed retrospectively. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumour tissue samples from TUR-BT of 54 patients (42 males, 12 females, median age of 64) with MIBC were analyzed for KRT20, KRT5, ESR1, and ERBB2 mRNA expression. After NAC, RC was performed, and the specimens were evaluated for pCR. Statistical analyses comprised nonparametric and chi2 testing, partition models, and Spearman correlation analyses. After NAC, 22 out of 54 patients (40.7%) had pCR. Tumours with an elevated expression of markers associated with luminal differentiation (KRT20, ERBB2, ESR1) were associated with a higher chance of pCR (55% vs. 15.8%, p = 0.009). Elevated ERBB2 expression was positively correlated with luminal expression features such as KRT20, and negatively with basal characteristics such as KRT5. Patients with MIBC showing a high expression of ERBB2, ESR1, or KRT20 have a significantly higher chance of pCR following NAC. These findings might improve patient selection for NAC in MIBC.
Collapse
|
104
|
Tabrizi L, Yang WS, Chintha C, Morrison L, Samali A, Ramos JW, Erxleben A. Gold(I) Complexes with a Quinazoline Carboxamide Alkynyl Ligand: Synthesis, Cytotoxicity, and Mechanistic Studies. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021; 2021:1921-1928. [PMID: 34248416 PMCID: PMC8252463 DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of gold(I) complexes with the general formula [Au(L2)(L')] (L2=4-phenyl-N-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)quinazoline-2-carboxamide, L'=PPh3 (triphenylphosphine), 1; TPA (1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane), 2, and Me2-imy (1,3-dimethylimidazol-2-ylidene), 3) were synthesized and fully characterized by spectroscopic methods. The alkynyl ligand L2 belongs to the quinazoline carboxamide class of ligands that are known to bind to the translocator protein (TSPO) at the outer mitochondrial membrane. 1 and 2 exert cytotoxic effects in bladder cancer cells with IC50 values in the low micromolar range. Further mechanistic analysis indicated that the two complexes both act by inducing reactive oxygen species and caspase-mediated apoptosis. The complexes inhibit thioredoxin reductase, an established target of anticancer gold(I) complexes. Docking studies confirmed that after ligand exchange the free ligand L2 can interact with the TSPO binding site.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Tabrizi
- School of ChemistryNational University of Ireland GalwayGalwayIreland
| | - Won Seok Yang
- University of Hawaii Cancer CenterUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluUSA
| | - Chetan Chintha
- Apoptosis Research CentreSchool of Natural SciencesNational University of Ireland GalwayGalwayIreland
| | - Liam Morrison
- Earth and Ocean SciencesSchool of Natural Sciences and Ryan InstituteNational University of Ireland GalwayGalwayIreland
| | - Afshin Samali
- Apoptosis Research CentreSchool of Natural SciencesNational University of Ireland GalwayGalwayIreland
| | - Joe W. Ramos
- University of Hawaii Cancer CenterUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluUSA
| | - Andrea Erxleben
- School of ChemistryNational University of Ireland GalwayGalwayIreland
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Börcsök J, Diossy M, Sztupinszki Z, Prosz A, Tisza V, Spisak S, Rusz O, Stormoen DR, Pappot H, Csabai I, Brunak S, Mouw KW, Szallasi Z. Detection of Molecular Signatures of Homologous Recombination Deficiency in Bladder Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:3734-3743. [PMID: 33947694 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-5037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Poly (ADP ribose)-polymerase (PARP) inhibitors are approved for use in breast, ovarian, prostate, and pancreatic cancers, which are the solid tumor types that most frequently have alterations in key homologous recombination (HR) genes, such as BRCA1/2. However, the frequency of HR deficiency (HRD) in other solid tumor types, including bladder cancer, is less well characterized. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Specific DNA aberration profiles (mutational signatures) are induced by HRD, and the presence of these "genomic scars" can be used to assess the presence or absence of HRD in a given tumor biopsy even in the absence of an observed alteration of an HR gene. Using whole-exome and whole-genome data, we measured various HRD-associated mutational signatures in bladder cancer. RESULTS We found that a subset of bladder tumors have evidence of HRD. In addition to a small number of tumors with biallelic BRCA1/2 events, approximately 10% of bladder tumors had significant evidence of HRD-associated mutational signatures. Increased levels of HRD signatures were associated with promoter methylation of RBBP8, which encodes CtIP, a key protein involved in HR. CONCLUSIONS A subset of bladder tumors have genomic features suggestive of HRD and therefore may be more likely to benefit from therapies such as platinum agents and PARP inhibitors that target tumor HRD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judit Börcsök
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Miklos Diossy
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zsofia Sztupinszki
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Aurel Prosz
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Viktoria Tisza
- Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sandor Spisak
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Orsolya Rusz
- 2nd Department of Pathology, SE NAP, Brain Metastasis Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dag R Stormoen
- Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Helle Pappot
- Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Istvan Csabai
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Søren Brunak
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kent W Mouw
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Zoltan Szallasi
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,2nd Department of Pathology, SE NAP, Brain Metastasis Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
106
|
Powles T, Carroll D, Chowdhury S, Gravis G, Joly F, Carles J, Fléchon A, Maroto P, Petrylak D, Rolland F, Cook N, Balar AV, Sridhar SS, Galsky MD, Grivas P, Ravaud A, Jones R, Cosaert J, Hodgson D, Kozarewa I, Mather R, McEwen R, Mercier F, Landers D. An adaptive, biomarker-directed platform study of durvalumab in combination with targeted therapies in advanced urothelial cancer. Nat Med 2021; 27:793-801. [PMID: 33941921 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-021-01317-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Durvalumab is a programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor with clinical activity in advanced urothelial cancer (AUC)1. AUC is characterized by several recurrent targetable genomic alterations2-5. This study ( NCT02546661 , BISCAY) combined durvalumab with relevant targeted therapies in biomarker-selected chemotherapy-refractory AUC populations including: (1) fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibitors in tumors with FGFR DNA alterations (FGFRm); (2) pharmacological inhibitor of the enzyme poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) in tumors with and without DNA homologous recombination repair deficiency (HRRm); and (3) TORC1/2 inhibitors in tumors with DNA alteration to the mTOR/PI3K pathway3-5.This trial adopted a new, biomarker-driven, multiarm adaptive design. Safety, efficacy and relevant biomarkers were evaluated. Overall, 391 patients were screened of whom 135 were allocated to one of six study arms. Response rates (RRs) ranged 9-36% across the study arms, which did not meet efficacy criteria for further development. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were similar in the combination arms and durvalumab monotherapy arm. Biomarker analysis showed a correlation between circulating plasma-based DNA (ctDNA) and tissue for FGFRm. Sequential circulating tumor DNA analysis showed that changes to FGFRm correlated with clinical outcome. Our data support the clinical activity of FGFR inhibition and durvalumab monotherapy but do not show increased activity for any of the combinations. These findings question the targeted/immune therapy approach in AUC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Powles
- Barts Cancer Institute, QMUL, Barts Cancer Centre, London, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | - Joan Carles
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Pablo Maroto
- Hospital de la Santa Creu i San Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Natalie Cook
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust and The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Arjun V Balar
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Robert Jones
- University of Glasgow, Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jan Cosaert
- AstraZeneca Oncology R&D, Research and Early Development, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Richard Mather
- AstraZeneca Oncology R&D, Research and Early Development, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Florence Mercier
- AstraZeneca Oncology R&D, Research and Early Development, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dónal Landers
- CRUK Manchester Institute Cancer Biomarker Centre, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
McConkey DJ. Molecular Biology of Bladder Cancer: Potential Implications for Therapy. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2021; 35:457-468. [PMID: 33958145 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2021.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recently completed studies provided high-resolution descriptions of the molecular biological characteristics of urothelial bladder cancers. Whole transcriptome messenger RNA expression profiling revealed that they can be grouped into basal and luminal molecular subtypes resembling the ones described in breast cancers. Retrospective DNA sequencing efforts revealed roles for disruption of DNA damage response pathways in response to conventional chemotherapy and immune checkpoint blockade, and completed and ongoing studies indicate that the molecular biological properties of infiltrating host cells dictate also influence therapeutic outcomes. This article reviews these findings and identify gaps in knowledge that represent opportunities for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David J McConkey
- Johns Hopkins Greenberg Bladder Cancer Institute, 600 North Wolfe Street, Park 219, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Lindskrog SV, Prip F, Lamy P, Taber A, Groeneveld CS, Birkenkamp-Demtröder K, Jensen JB, Strandgaard T, Nordentoft I, Christensen E, Sokac M, Birkbak NJ, Maretty L, Hermann GG, Petersen AC, Weyerer V, Grimm MO, Horstmann M, Sjödahl G, Höglund M, Steiniche T, Mogensen K, de Reyniès A, Nawroth R, Jordan B, Lin X, Dragicevic D, Ward DG, Goel A, Hurst CD, Raman JD, Warrick JI, Segersten U, Sikic D, van Kessel KEM, Maurer T, Meeks JJ, DeGraff DJ, Bryan RT, Knowles MA, Simic T, Hartmann A, Zwarthoff EC, Malmström PU, Malats N, Real FX, Dyrskjøt L. An integrated multi-omics analysis identifies prognostic molecular subtypes of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2301. [PMID: 33863885 PMCID: PMC8052448 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22465-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular landscape in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is characterized by large biological heterogeneity with variable clinical outcomes. Here, we perform an integrative multi-omics analysis of patients diagnosed with NMIBC (n = 834). Transcriptomic analysis identifies four classes (1, 2a, 2b and 3) reflecting tumor biology and disease aggressiveness. Both transcriptome-based subtyping and the level of chromosomal instability provide independent prognostic value beyond established prognostic clinicopathological parameters. High chromosomal instability, p53-pathway disruption and APOBEC-related mutations are significantly associated with transcriptomic class 2a and poor outcome. RNA-derived immune cell infiltration is associated with chromosomally unstable tumors and enriched in class 2b. Spatial proteomics analysis confirms the higher infiltration of class 2b tumors and demonstrates an association between higher immune cell infiltration and lower recurrence rates. Finally, the independent prognostic value of the transcriptomic classes is documented in 1228 validation samples using a single sample classification tool. The classifier provides a framework for biomarker discovery and for optimizing treatment and surveillance in next-generation clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sia Viborg Lindskrog
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Frederik Prip
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Philippe Lamy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Ann Taber
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Clarice S Groeneveld
- Cartes d'Identité des Tumeurs (CIT) Program, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
- Oncologie Moleculaire, UMR144, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Karin Birkenkamp-Demtröder
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jørgen Bjerggaard Jensen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Urology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Trine Strandgaard
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Iver Nordentoft
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Emil Christensen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mateo Sokac
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Nicolai J Birkbak
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lasse Maretty
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Gregers G Hermann
- Department of Urology, Herlev hospital, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Astrid C Petersen
- Department of Pathology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Veronika Weyerer
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Marcus Horstmann
- Department of Urology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Department of Urology, Malteser Hospital St. Josephshospital, Krefeld Uerdingen, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Gottfrid Sjödahl
- Division of Urological Research, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Mattias Höglund
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Torben Steiniche
- Department of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Karin Mogensen
- Department of Urology, Herlev hospital, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Aurélien de Reyniès
- Cartes d'Identité des Tumeurs (CIT) Program, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Roman Nawroth
- Department of Urology, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Brian Jordan
- Departments of Pathology, Urology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xiaoqi Lin
- Departments of Pathology, Urology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dejan Dragicevic
- Clinic of Urology, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Douglas G Ward
- Bladder Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medicine and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Anshita Goel
- Bladder Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medicine and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Carolyn D Hurst
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Jay D Raman
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Joshua I Warrick
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Division of Urology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Ulrika Segersten
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Danijel Sikic
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kim E M van Kessel
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tobias Maurer
- Department of Urology, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
- Department of Urology and Martini-Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joshua J Meeks
- Departments of Pathology, Urology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David J DeGraff
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Division of Urology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Richard T Bryan
- Bladder Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medicine and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Margaret A Knowles
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Tatjana Simic
- Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ellen C Zwarthoff
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Per-Uno Malmström
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Núria Malats
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco X Real
- Epithelial Carcinogenesis Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lars Dyrskjøt
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
F127/Cisplatin Microemulsions: In Vitro, In Vivo and Computational Studies. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11073006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The development of effective strategies for local administration of chemotherapeutic drugs, thus minimizing the adverse side effects to patients, is one of the key challenges in biomedicine and cancer research. This work reports the formulation and characterization of PluronicF127 microemulsions to enhance the bioavailability of Cisplatin (Cis). The size of Cis microemulsion was about 12.0 nm, as assessed by dynamic light scattering analysis. In vitro cytotoxic activity of free Cis and F127/Cis microemulsions were studied on malignant (C152 and MCF7) and normal (HUVEC) cells via tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetric assay. Cell morphology was also monitored. In vitro assessments revealed thatF127/Cis microemulsions induced cytotoxicity/morphological changes to a lesser extent than free Cis. Regarding in vivo experiments, F127/Cis microemulsions were injected intraperitoneally at 7 and 14 mg/kg doses into adult male Wistar rats to assess histologic and biochemical changes. In this case, the bulk Cis group caused severe histopathological changes and significant increases in serum liver enzymes and serum kidney function markers. The group treated with the 14 mg/kg dose of F127/Cis microemulsions also showed severe fatty changes and significant increases in serum liver enzymes, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine levels. The group treated with the low dose of nano-Cis showed a significant increase in serum liver enzymes levels accompanied by mild fatty changes of the liver. Theoretical surveys were performed to get an understanding of the interplay between F127 and Cis. Results reveal that hydrogen bonding (HB) interactions with F127have an influence on the molecular properties of Cis and may playa role in the lower toxicity of F127/Cis in comparison to free Cis.
Collapse
|
110
|
Szarvas T, Hoffmann MJ, Olah C, Szekely E, Kiss A, Hess J, Tschirdewahn S, Hadaschik B, Grotheer V, Nyirady P, Csizmarik A, Varadi M, Reis H. MMP-7 Serum and Tissue Levels Are Associated with Poor Survival in Platinum-Treated Bladder Cancer Patients. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 11:diagnostics11010048. [PMID: 33396213 PMCID: PMC7824149 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy resistance is a main cause of therapeutic failure and death in bladder cancer. With the approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors, prediction of platinum treatment became of great clinical importance. Matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) was shown to be involved in cisplatin resistance. Therefore, tissue and circulating MMP-7 levels were evaluated in 124 bladder cancer patients who received postoperative platinum-based chemotherapy. Tissue MMP-7 levels were analyzed by immunohistochemistry in 72 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded chemo-naïve tumor samples, while MMP-7 serum concentrations were determined in 132 serum samples of an independent cohort of 52 patients. MMP-7 tissue and serum levels were correlated with clinicopathological and follow-up data. MMP-7 gene expression was determined by RT-qPCR in 20 urothelial cancer cell lines and two non-malignant urothelial cell lines. MMP-7 was overexpressed in RT-112 and T-24 cells by stable transfection, to assess its functional involvement in platinum sensitivity. High MMP-7 tissue expression and pretreatment serum concentrations were independently associated with poor overall survival (tissue HR = 2.296, 95%CI = 1.235–4.268 and p = 0.009; serum HR = 2.743, 95%CI = 1.258–5.984 and p = 0.011). Therefore, MMP-7 tissue and serum analysis may help to optimize therapeutic decisions. Stable overexpression in RT-112 and T-24 cells did not affect platinum sensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Szarvas
- Department of Urology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (C.O.); (J.H.); (S.T.); (B.H.)
- Department of Urology, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (P.N.); (A.C.); (M.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-201-7238-4967
| | - Michèle J. Hoffmann
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany;
| | - Csilla Olah
- Department of Urology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (C.O.); (J.H.); (S.T.); (B.H.)
| | - Eszter Szekely
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, 1091 Budapest, Hungary; (E.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Andras Kiss
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, 1091 Budapest, Hungary; (E.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Jochen Hess
- Department of Urology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (C.O.); (J.H.); (S.T.); (B.H.)
| | - Stephan Tschirdewahn
- Department of Urology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (C.O.); (J.H.); (S.T.); (B.H.)
| | - Boris Hadaschik
- Department of Urology, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (C.O.); (J.H.); (S.T.); (B.H.)
| | - Vera Grotheer
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany;
| | - Peter Nyirady
- Department of Urology, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (P.N.); (A.C.); (M.V.)
| | - Anita Csizmarik
- Department of Urology, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (P.N.); (A.C.); (M.V.)
| | - Melinda Varadi
- Department of Urology, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (P.N.); (A.C.); (M.V.)
| | - Henning Reis
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|
111
|
Mo Q, Li R, Adeegbe DO, Peng G, Chan KS. Integrative multi-omics analysis of muscle-invasive bladder cancer identifies prognostic biomarkers for frontline chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Commun Biol 2020; 3:784. [PMID: 33335285 PMCID: PMC7746703 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01491-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Only a subgroup of patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) are responders toward cisplatin-based chemotherapy and PD-L1 blockade immunotherapy. There is a clinical need to identify MIBC molecular subtypes and biomarkers for patient stratification toward the therapies. Here, we performed an integrative clustering analysis of 388 MIBC samples with multi-omics data and identified basal and luminal/differentiated integrative subtypes and derived a 42 gene panel for classification of MIBC. Using nine additional gene expression data (n = 844), we demonstrated the prognostic value of the 42 basal-luminal genes. The basal subtype was associated with worse overall survival in patients receiving no neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), but better overall survival in patients receiving NAC in two clinical trials. Each of the subtypes could be further divided into chr9 p21.3 normal or loss subgroup. The patients with low expression of MTAP/CDKN2A/2B (indicative of chr9 p21.3 loss) had a significantly lower response rate to anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy and worse survival than the patients with high expression of MTAP/CDKN2A/2B. This integrative analysis reveals intrinsic MIBC subtypes and biomarkers with prognostic value for the frontline therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianxing Mo
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
| | - Roger Li
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Dennis O Adeegbe
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Guang Peng
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Keith Syson Chan
- Department of Pathology and Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| |
Collapse
|
112
|
Becker REN, Baras A, Bivalacqua TJ. Reply to Gopa Iyer, Bernard H. Bochner, Eliezer M. Van Allen, David B. Solit, and Jonathan E. Rosenberg's Letter to the Editor re: Russell E.N. Becker, Alexa R. Meyer, Aaron Brant, et al. Clinical Restaging and Tumor Sequencing are Inaccurate Indicators of Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer. Eur Urol. In press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2020.07.016. Eur Urol 2020; 79:e58-e59. [PMID: 33218822 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Russell E N Becker
- The Greenberg Bladder Cancer Institute & James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Alex Baras
- The Greenberg Bladder Cancer Institute & James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Trinity J Bivalacqua
- The Greenberg Bladder Cancer Institute & James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
Soluble Syndecan-1 Levels Are Associated with Survival in Platinum-Treated Bladder Cancer Patients. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10110864. [PMID: 33114033 PMCID: PMC7690724 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10110864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin-containing chemotherapy represents the first-line treatment for patients with locally advanced or metastatic muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Recently, novel therapies have become available for cisplatin-ineligible or -resistant patients. Therefore, prediction of cisplatin response is required to optimize therapy decisions. Syndecan-1 (SDC1) tissue expression and serum concentration may be associated with cisplatin resistance. Thus, pre-treatment serum levels of SDC1 and its expression in chemo-naïve tissues were assessed in 121 muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients who underwent postoperative platinum-based chemotherapy. SDC1 concentrations were evaluated by ELISA in 52 baseline and 90 follow-up serum samples and tissue expressions were analyzed by immunohistochemistry in an independent cohort of 69 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor samples. Pre-treatment SDC1 serum levels were significantly higher in lymph node metastatic (p = 0.009) and female patients (p = 0.026). SDC1 tissue expression did not correlate with clinicopathological parameters. High pre-treatment SDC1 serum level and the presence of distant metastasis were independent risk factors for overall survival (Hazard ratio (HR): 1.439, 95% Confidence interval (CI): 1.003–2.065, p = 0.048; HR: 2.269, 95%CI: 1.053–4.887, p = 0.036). Our results demonstrate an independent association between high baseline serum SDC1 concentration and poor survival in platinum-treated patients. Analyzing baseline serum SDC1 levels may help to predict platinum-containing chemotherapy and could help to optimize therapeutic decision-making.
Collapse
|