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Kassid AA, Abdul-Rasheed OF, AlKhalidy NM. The Evaluation of Methylated Septin 9 in Blood Plasma and Tissue Biopsies for the Early Detection for Asymptomatic Colon Cancer. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.7156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the utility of the SEPT9 genetic marker in the early detection of colon cancer patients. A case-control study was conducted on forty newly diagnosed colon cancer patients. The study was done between March 2019 and January 2020, patients from the Gastroenterology and Liver Education Hospital, Al-imamain Al-Kadhimain Medical City, and Baghdad Teaching Hospital were recruited. Colon cancer patients' mean age ± standard deviation was 54.4 ± 10.79 years while the age ± standard deviation of the mean of the control group was 55.1±8.54 years. For septin9 tissue methylation of the controls was done on the non-malignant tissues of the same patients.
This study concluded that the percentage of Septin 9 (SEPT9) in the tissue of patients with colon cancer (CC) was the highest value, which is more significant than that of the serum of CC patients. Both of these groups were significantly higher than the percentage of SEPT9 methylation of control tissue and serum.
Non-significant differences were obtained in the levels of CEA and CA19-9 between CC patients and controls.
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102
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Luo Y, Li Y, Ge P, Zhang K, Liu H, Jiang N. QKI-Regulated Alternative Splicing Events in Cervical Cancer: Pivotal Mechanism and Potential Therapeutic Strategy. DNA Cell Biol 2021; 40:1261-1277. [PMID: 34551268 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2021.0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
QKI is a vital regulator in RNA splicing and maturation, but its role in cervical cancer (CC) is little known. In this study, we found that QKI is decreased in human CC, and overexpression of QKI inhibits HeLa cell proliferation and promotes the apoptosis of cancer cells. We identified hundreds of endogenous QKI-regulated alternative splicing events (ASEs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in QKI-overexpressed HeLa cells by RNA-seq and selectively validated their expression by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. The gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed that QKI-regulated ASEs and DEGs were closely related to cancer, apoptosis, and transcriptional regulatory functions. In short, QKI may affect the occurrence and development of CC by regulating gene expression through AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Luo
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yuyuan Li
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Peng Ge
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Kaina Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Central Hospital of Zhuanghe City, Zhuanghe, China
| | - Huanhuan Liu
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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103
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Zhang Z, Peng M, Li D, Yao J, Li Y, Wu B, Wang L, Xu Z. Carbon Material Based Electrochemical Immunosensor for Gastric Cancer Markers Detection. Front Chem 2021; 9:736271. [PMID: 34532312 PMCID: PMC8438142 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.736271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors, and early diagnosis will be of great significance to improve the survival quality and overall treatment outcome evaluation of patients. Nanoelectrochemical immunosensor is an emerging biosensor combining nanotechnology, electrochemical analysis method and immunological technology, which has simple operation, fast analysis speed, high sensitivity, and good selectivity. This mini-review summarized immunoassay techniques, nanotechnology and electrochemical sensing for the early detection of gastric cancer. In particular, we focus on the tension of carbon nanomaterials in this field, including the functionalized preparation of materials, signal enhancement and the construction of novel sensing interfaces. Currently, various tumor markers are being developed, but the more recognized gastric cancer tumor markers are carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA), CD44V9, miRNAs, and programmed death ligand 1. Among them, the electrochemical immunosensor allows the detection of CEA, CA, and miRNAs. The mini-review focused on the development of using carbon based materials, especially carbon nanotubes and graphene for immunosensor fabrication and gastric cancer markers detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuliang Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Minsi Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Defeng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yingxue Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Benhua Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lisheng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhenglei Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
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Wu X, Peng B, Qian K, Zhang W, Min J, Zhang M, Zeng F, Wang Z. The combination of methylenehydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism screening and gastrointestinal tumor markers detection may be an early screening method for gastrointestinal cancer related to helicobacter pylori infection. Genes Dis 2021; 8:931-938. [PMID: 34522719 PMCID: PMC8427234 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Methyltetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is a key enzyme in folate metabolism, and its single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) site C677T may be associated with gastrointestinal cancer. However, the relationship between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and gastrointestinal tumor markers carcinoma embryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199) and carbohydrate antigen 724 (CA724) in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is not specified. This study aims to identify the association between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and gastrointestinal tumor markers (CEA, CA199 and CA724) in H. pylori infection. The relationship between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and gastrointestinal tumor markers in 58 patients with H. pylori infection and 94 non-infected patients was studied. We found that TT genotype was a susceptibility factor of H. pylori infection, which was also associated with increased CEA and CA724 levels. Moreover, there was a negative additive interaction between MTHFR gene C677T polymorphism and CEA levels in H.pylori infection. Meanwhile, there were significant differences in CEA levels between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and H.pylori infection. The presence of T allele led to a decrease in CEA levels when 13C urea breath test (13C-UBT) was positive, while the presence of T allele led to an increase in CEA levels when 13C-UBT was negative. Therefore, we suggest that healthy people should take MTHFR C677T polymorphism screening, combined with 13C-UBT and gastrointestinal tumor markers detection, which can screen out the susceptible population of H. pylori, and help to detect gastrointestinal cancer in the early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxing Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Bin Peng
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Kun Qian
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Jiang Min
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Mingjun Zhang
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Fanling Zeng
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
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105
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Ren H, Gu LQ, Chen JJ. Prognostic value of changes in portal blood TXA2, VEGF, and CEA levels in patients with colorectal cancer after surgery. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2021; 29:1006-1013. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v29.i17.1006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality worldwide, representing a major public health problem. It ranks the third among newly diagnosed cancers and is the fourth cause of cancer death. There is currently an urgent need to find effective indexes for predicting liver metastasis after CRC surgery. Early detection of CRC liver micrometastasis is helpful for effective intervention and comprehensive treatment, which will greatly improve the prognosis of patients.
AIM To explore the prognostic value of changes in portal vein thromboxane A2 (TXA2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels in patients with CRC after surgery.
METHODS From May 2017 to November 2019, 112 CRC patients at our hospital were selected and divided into either an observation group (liver metastasis, n = 21) or a control group (no liver metastasis, n = 91) according to whether there were liver metastases 6 mo after surgery. The clinical data and the levels of TXA2, VEGF, and CEA in portal vein blood were compared between the two groups, and the influencing factors of liver metastasis in patients with CRC were analyzed. The correlation between the levels of portal venous blood indicators and clinicopathological parameters, their predictive value for postoperative liver metastasis in patients with CRC, and their correlation with the prognosis were evaluated.
RESULTS The levels of TXA2, VEGF, and CEA in portal vein blood were significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Age, lesion size, histological grade, T stage, regional lymph node metastasis, vascular tumor thrombosis, surgical methods, adjuvant chemotherapy, and portal vein blood TXA2, VEGF, and CEA levels were all influential factors for postoperative liver metastasis in CRC patients (P < 0.05). Portal vein blood TXA2, VEGF, and CEA levels in patients with liver metastases after CRC were positively correlated with age, lesion size, T stage, regional lymph node metastasis, and tumor thrombus, and negatively correlated with histological grade (P < 0.05). The AUC of combined detection of TXA2, VEGF, and CEA in the prediction of postoperative liver metastasis in CRC patients was the largest (0.929). There was no statistically significant difference in the postoperative survival rate of patients with high levels of TXA2, VEGF, and CEA in portal vein blood and those with low levels (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION The high expression of TXA2, VEGF, and CEA in portal vein blood may be involved in the process of liver metastasis after CRC. The combined detection of the above indicators can provide data support for clinical prediction of liver metastasis and prognosis in patients with CRC after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ren
- Department of Surgery, Tianjin Ninghe District Hospital, Tianjin 300000
| | - Li-Qiang Gu
- Anorectal Treatment Center, Tianjin People's Hospital, Tianjin 300121, China
| | - Jing-Jing Chen
- Department of Surgery, Tianjin Ninghe District Hospital, Tianjin 300000
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106
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Prognostic role of neoplastic markers in Takotsubo syndrome. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16548. [PMID: 34400692 PMCID: PMC8368165 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95990-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is an acute heart failure syndrome with significant rates of in and out-of-hospital mayor cardiac adverse events (MACE). To evaluate the possible role of neoplastic biomarkers [CA-15.3, CA-19.9 and Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA)] as prognostic marker at short- and long-term follow-up in subjects with TTS. Ninety consecutive subjects with TTS were enrolled and followed for a median of 3 years. Circulating levels of CA-15.3, CA-19.9 and CEA were evaluated at admission, after 72 h and at discharge. Incidence of MACE during hospitalization and follow-up were recorded. Forty-three (46%) patients experienced MACE during hospitalization. These patients had increased admission levels of CEA (4.3 ± 6.2 vs. 2.2 ± 1.5 ng/mL, p = 0.03). CEA levels were higher in subjects with in-hospital MACE. At long term follow-up, CEA and CA-19.9 levels were associated with increased risk of death (log rank p < 0.01, HR = 5.3, 95% CI 1.9–14.8, HR = 7.8 95% CI 2.4–25.1, respectively, p < 0.01). At multivariable analysis levels higher than median of CEA, CA-19.9 or both were independent predictors of death at long term (Log-Rank p < 0.01). Having both CEA and CA-19.9 levels above median (> 2 ng/mL, > 8 UI/mL respectively) was associated with an increased risk of mortality of 11.8 (95% CI 2.6–52.5, p = 0.001) at follow up. Increased CEA and CA-19.9 serum levels are associated with higher risk of death at long-term follow up in patients with TTS. CEA serum levels are correlated with in-hospital MACE.
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107
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Zhang S, Zhang R, Li RZ, Wang QX, Chang H, Ding PR, Li LR, Wu XJ, Chen G, Zeng ZF, Xiao WW, Gao YH. Beneficiaries of radical surgery among clinical complete responders to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:3607-3615. [PMID: 34146368 PMCID: PMC8409289 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify patients who benefit from radical surgery among those with rectal cancer who achieved clinical complete response (cCR). Patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC; stage II/III) who achieved cCR after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) were included (n = 212). Univariate/multivariate Cox analysis was performed to validate predictors for distant metastasis‐free survival (DMFS). A decision tree was generated using recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) to categorize patients into different risk stratifications. Total mesorectal excision (TME) was compared with the watch‐and‐wait (W&W) strategy in each risk group. Two molecular predicators of CEA and CA19‐9 were selected to establish the RPA‐based risk stratification, categorizing LARC patients into low‐risk (n = 139; CA19‐9 < 35 U/mL and CEA < 5 ng/mL) and high‐risk (n = 73; CA19‐9 ≥ 35 U/mL or CEA ≥5 ng/mL) groups. Superior 5‐y DMFS was observed in the low‐risk group vs. the high‐risk group (92.9% vs. 76.2%, P = .002). Low‐risk LARC patients who underwent TME had significantly improved 5‐y DMFS compared with their counterparts receiving the W&W strategy (95.9% vs. 84.3%; P = .028). No significant survival difference was observed in high‐risk patients receiving the 2 treatment modalities (77.9% vs. 94.1%; P = .143). LARC patients with cCR who had both baseline CA19‐9 < 35 U/mL and CEA < 5 ng/mL may benefit from radical surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong-Zhen Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiao-Xuan Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Chang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei-Rong Ding
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Ren Li
- Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Wu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gong Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Fan Zeng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Wei Xiao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan-Hong Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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108
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Dai C, Zhang X, Ma Y, Chen Z, Chen S, Zhang Y, Li M. Serum macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 serves as a novel diagnostic biomarker of early-stage colorectal cancer. Biomarkers 2021; 26:598-605. [PMID: 34266319 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2021.1950209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with colorectal cancer usually have a poor prognosis because of the absence of suitable biomarkers for diagnosing asymptomatic patients. Here we determined the ability of MIC-1 to detect precancerous lesions and CRC in an asymptomatic cohort from CRC Screening Program. METHODS We screened 2759 subjects with risk factors. Endoscopic and histopathological analyses revealed that 19 and 47 subjects had CRC or precancerous lesions. We randomly selected 24 subjects with normal colonoscopies as healthy controls. We used receiver operating characteristic curve analysis to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of MIC-1 for CRC and precancerous lesions. RESULTS The optimal thresholds of MIC-1 levels with precancerous lesions or CRC were 314.12 pg/mL (sensitivity, 91.50%; specificity, 54.20%) and 357.64 pg/mL (sensitivity, 82.40%; specificity, 70.80%). Moreover, MIC-1 levels distinguished precancerous lesions better than CEA, CA19-9, or CA24-2 (AUC: 0.760 vs. 0.529, 0.624, and 0.585) or CRC (AUCs: 0.821 vs. 0.743, 0.657, and 0.688) from the healthy controls. The combination of MIC-1, CEA, CA19-9, and CA24-2 showed the highest in sensitivity and specificity for CRC diagnosis (sensitivity, 94.10%; specificity, 87.50%). CONCLUSIONS Serum MIC-1 levels increased the sensitivity of detection of precancerous colorectal lesions and CRC and can be used to improve screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Dai
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yanling Ma
- Office for Cancer Prevention and Control, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Zhaowu Chen
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Shaohua Chen
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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109
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Yang Z, Li Y, Qin X, Lv Z, Wang H, Wu D, Yuan Z, Wang H. Development and Validation of a Prognostic Nomogram for Colorectal Cancer Patients With Synchronous Peritoneal Metastasis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:615321. [PMID: 34277396 PMCID: PMC8281961 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.615321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Synchronous peritoneal metastasis (S-PM) is considered a poor prognostic factor for colorectal cancer (CRC) and there is no nomogram to predict the survival of these patients. In this study, we aimed to use a multicenter data to identify the factors associated with S-PM of CRC to construct a nomogram for predicting the overall survival (OS) of these patients. Methods CRC patients with S-PM from two medical centers were enrolled between September 2007 and June 2017. Multivariate analysis was used to identify independent factors associated with OS for the nomogram to predict the 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS rates in the development group. The concordance index (C-index), calibration plot, relative operating characteristic (ROC) curve with area under the curve (AUC) were calculated to evaluate the performance of the nomogram in both the development and an external validation group. Results 277 CRC patients with S-PM in the development group and 68 patients in the validation group were eligible for this study. In multivariate analysis of development group, age, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), cytoreductive surgery (CRS), hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC), and chemotherapy were independent variables for OS, based on which the nomogram was built. The C-index of the nomogram in the development and validation group was 0.701 (95% Cl, 0.666–0.736) and 0.716 (95% Cl, 0.622–0.810); demonstrating good discriminative ability. The calibration plots showed satisfactory consistency between actual observation and nomogram-predicted OS probabilities in the development and external validation group. The nomogram showed good predictive accuracy for 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS rates in both groups with AUC >0.70. An online dynamic webserver was also developed for increasing the ease of the nomogram. Conclusions We developed and validated a predictive nomogram with good discriminative and high accuracy to predict the OS in CRC patients with S-PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifeng Yang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Supported by National Key Clinical Discipline, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiusen Qin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Supported by National Key Clinical Discipline, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zejian Lv
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huaiming Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Supported by National Key Clinical Discipline, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Deqing Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zixu Yuan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Supported by National Key Clinical Discipline, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Supported by National Key Clinical Discipline, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Mizuno H, Miyake H, Nagai H, Yoshioka Y, Shibata K, Asai S, Takamizawa J, Yuasa N. Optimal cutoff value of preoperative CEA and CA19-9 for prognostic significance in patients with stage II/III colon cancer. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2021; 406:1987-1997. [PMID: 34148158 DOI: 10.1007/s00423-021-02236-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This unicentric, retrospective cohort study aimed to identify the optimal cutoff values of preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) for the prognosis in patients with stage II/III colon cancer. METHODS After excluding 43 patients with CA19-9 levels < 0.2 U/mL, 588 were included. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed to determine the optimal cutoff values of CEA and CA 19-9 for disease relapse. RESULTS The median CEA and CA19-9 values were 3.6 (interquartile range: 2.1-7.2 ng/mL) and 14.3 (interquartile range: 8.1-30.0) U/mL, respectively. The optimal cutoff values of CEA and CA19-9 were 5.4 ng/mL and 22.4 U/mL, respectively. A multivariate analysis of relapse-free survival (RFS) showed that cancer stage, CEA, and CA19-9 were significant independent factors. The RFS of patients with stages II and III colon cancer was significantly stratified by CEA (< 5.4/ ≥ 5.4 ng/mL) and CA19-9 (< 22.4/ ≥ 22.4 U/mL). Prognostication based on the reference values (< 5.0 ng/mL for CEA and < 37.0 U/mL for CA19-9) was less significant than that based on the optimal cutoff values. Both elevated CEA and CA19-9 had no value dependency on RFS: RFS curves were similar between extremely elevated CEA (≥ 54.0 ng/ml) and intermediate CEA (5.4-54.0 ng/ml) and between extremely elevated CA19-9 (≥ 224.0 U/ml) and intermediate CA19-9 (22.4-224.0 U/ml). CONCLUSION The optimal cutoff values of preoperative CEA and CA19-9 for RFS were 5.4 ng/ml and 22.4 U/mL, respectively, in patients with stages II and III colon cancer. Further relapse risk stratification is possible using these values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Mizuno
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya First Hospital, 3-35 Michishita-cho, Nakamura-ku, Nagoya, 453-8511, Japan
| | - Hideo Miyake
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya First Hospital, 3-35 Michishita-cho, Nakamura-ku, Nagoya, 453-8511, Japan
| | - Hidemasa Nagai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya First Hospital, 3-35 Michishita-cho, Nakamura-ku, Nagoya, 453-8511, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Yoshioka
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya First Hospital, 3-35 Michishita-cho, Nakamura-ku, Nagoya, 453-8511, Japan
| | - Koji Shibata
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya First Hospital, 3-35 Michishita-cho, Nakamura-ku, Nagoya, 453-8511, Japan
| | - Soichiro Asai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya First Hospital, 3-35 Michishita-cho, Nakamura-ku, Nagoya, 453-8511, Japan
| | - Junichi Takamizawa
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya First Hospital, 3-35 Michishita-cho, Nakamura-ku, Nagoya, 453-8511, Japan
| | - Norihiro Yuasa
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya First Hospital, 3-35 Michishita-cho, Nakamura-ku, Nagoya, 453-8511, Japan. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya First Hospital, 3-35 Michishita-cho, Nakamura-ku, Nagoya, 453-8511, Japan.
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Zhao N, Cao Y, Yang J, Li H, Wu K, Wang J, Peng T, Cai K. Serum Tumor Markers Combined With Clinicopathological Characteristics for Predicting MMR and KRAS Status in 2279 Chinese Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Analysis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:582244. [PMID: 34221952 PMCID: PMC8247475 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.582244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Although serum tumor markers (STMs), clinicopathological characteristics and the status of KRAS and MMR play an important role in optimizing the treatment and prognosis of colorectal cancer, their interrelationships remain largely unknown. A retrospective analysis of 2279 patients who tested for KRAS and MMR status, and STM measurements prior to treatment over the past four years was conducted. Of the 784 patients tested for KRAS and 2279 patients tested for MMR status, KRAS mutations and dMMR were identified in 276 patients (35.20%) and 177 patients (7.77%), respectively. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that right colon, well and moderate differentiation and negative CA19-9 were independent predictors for KRAS mutations. The ROC curve yielded an AUC of 0.609 through the combination of these three factors. Age < 65 was an independent predictive factor for dMMR, along with tumor size > 4.6 cm, right colon, poor differentiation, harvested lymph nodes ≥ 22, no lymph node metastasis, no perineural invasion, negative CEA and positive CA72-4. When the nine criteria were used together, the AUC was 0.849. In summary, both STMs and clinicopathological characteristics were found to be significantly associated with the status of KRAS and MMR. The combination of these two factors possessed a strong predictive power for KRAS mutations and dMMR among CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinghao Cao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hang Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiliang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Peng
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kailin Cai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Kim HG, Yang SY, Han YD, Cho MS, Min BS, Lee KY, Kim NK, Hur H. Association of perioperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen level and recurrence in low-risk stage IIA colon cancer. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252566. [PMID: 34106954 PMCID: PMC8189445 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose is to investigate prognosis according to serum CEA levels before and after surgery in patients with stage IIA colon cancer who do not show high-risk features. Methods Among the patients diagnosed with colon adenocarcinoma between April 2011 and December 2017, 462 patients were confirmed as low-risk stage IIA after surgery and enrolled. The ROC curve was used to determine cut-off values of pre- and postoperative CEA. Patients were classified into three groups using these new cut-off values. Results All recurrence occurred in 52 of 463 patients (11.2%). However, recurrence in group H was 15.9%, which was slightly higher than the other two groups (P = 0.04). Group L and M showed 10.5% and 12.8% overall survival, group H was higher at 21.0% (P = 0.005). Recurrence was the only risk factor in group H was significantly higher in group L (HR 2.008, 95% CI, 1.123–3.589, P = 0.019). Mortality was similar to recurrence (HR 1.975, 95% CI 1.091–3.523, P = 0.044). Conclusion Among patients with low-risk stage IIA colon cancer, recurrence and mortality rates were higher when perioperative serum CEA levels were above a certain level. Therefore, high CEA level should be considered a high-risk feature and adjuvant chemotherapy should be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Gil Kim
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Yoon Yang
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon Dae Han
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min Soo Cho
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung Soh Min
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kang Young Lee
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nam Kyu Kim
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyuk Hur
- Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- * E-mail:
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Yaghoubi N, Avval FZ, Khazaei M, Sahebkar A, Aghaee-Bakhtiari SH. High Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of miRNAs Compared with the Carcinoembryonic Antigen as a Traditional Tumor Marker. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:206-214. [PMID: 34102990 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210608094908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A significant challenge in cancer detection and treatment is early diagnosis and accurate prognosis of the disease that enables effective therapies and interventions to improve the patient's condition. Up to now, many parts of research have tended to focus on the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) to detect cancers and estimate the survival rates of patients with multiple cancer types, including colorectal, breast, non-small cell lung, and pancreas cancer. Limited sensitivity and specificity of this traditional tumor marker make it an inappropriate biomarker to diagnose cancer, especially in the early stages, while several lines of research have introduced miRNAs as reliable indicators of tumor initiation, development, and therapy response. Indeed, miRNAs have unique properties that provide considerable benefits, such as discriminating benign diseases from malignancies, prediction of cancer possibility and progress, checking sensitivity to treatment, and initial detection of tumors. This review summarizes the relationships between miRNAs and CEA, the diagnostic significance of CEA in combination with miRNAs, and the distinct advantages of miRNAs over CEA as tumor biomarkers. Advancement in our current understanding of miRNAs is essential to discover new and effective biomarkers for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic goals of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Yaghoubi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farnaz Zahedi Avval
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Enhancing Prediction Performance by Add-On Combining Circulating Tumor Cell Count, CD45 neg EpCAM neg Cell Count on Colorectal Cancer, Advance, and Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112521. [PMID: 34063929 PMCID: PMC8196640 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Information describing circulating tumor cells (CTCs) holds promise for clinical applications. However, conventional CTCs enumeration could ignore the CTCs more relevant to cancer metastasis. Thus, negative selection CTC enumeration was proposed, by which information on the numbers of CTCs and CD45neg EpCAMneg cells can be obtained. By combining this approach with the conventional biomarker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), this study aimed to explore whether any combination of these biomarkers could improve the predictive performance for colorectal cancer (CRC) or its status. Results revealed that a combination of the two cell populations showed improved performance (AUROC: 0.893) for CRC prediction over the use of only one population. Compared with CEA alone, the combination of the three biomarkers increased the performance (AUROC) for advanced CRC prediction from 0.643 to 0.727. Compared with that of CEA alone for metastatic CRC prediction, the AUROC was increased from 0.780 to 0.837 when the CTC count was included. Abstract Conventional circulating tumor cell (CTC) enumeration could ignore the CTCs more relevant to cancer metastasis. Thus, negative selection CTC enumeration was proposed, by which information on two cellular biomarkers (numbers of CTCs and CD45neg EpCAMneg cells) can be obtained. By combining this approach with the conventional biomarker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), this study aimed to explore whether any combination of these biomarkers could improve the predictive performance for colorectal cancer (CRC) or its status. In this work, these two cell populations in healthy donors and CRC patients were quantified. Results revealed that enumeration of these two cell populations was able to discriminate healthy donors from CRC patients, even patients with non-advanced CRC. Moreover, the combination of the two cell populations showed improved performance (AUROC: 0.893) for CRC prediction over the use of only one population. Compared with CEA alone, the combination of the three biomarkers increased the performance (AUROC) for advanced CRC prediction from 0.643 to 0.727. Compared with that of CEA alone for metastatic CRC prediction, the AUROC was increased from 0.780 to 0.837 when the CTC count was included. Overall, this study demonstrated that the combination of these two cellular biomarkers with CEA improved the predictive performance for CRC and its status.
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ΔNp73, TAp73 and Δ133p53 Extracellular Vesicle Cargo as Early Diagnosis Markers in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092240. [PMID: 34066954 PMCID: PMC8124369 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The survival of colorectal cancer patients largely relies on the stage at diagnosis. The identification of early and non-invasive biomarkers to be used in screening programs for the diagnosis of the disease at the premalignant stage is mandatory. The aim of this study is to validate in plasma-derived extracellular vesicles secreted by malignant cells the diagnostic potential of well-known tumor-associated genes, ΔNp73, TAp73, and Δ133p53, in healthy subjects (n = 29), individuals with premalignant lesions (n = 49), and colorectal cancer patients (n = 42). Our data support ΔNp73 levels contained in extracellular vesicles as such a non-invasive and premature biomarker for the early diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Abstract The early diagnosis of colorectal cancer is a key factor in the overall survival of the patients. The actual screening programs include different approaches with significant limitations such as unspecificity, high invasiveness, and detection at late stages of the disease. The specific content of extracellular vesicles derived from malignant cells may represent a non-invasive technique for the early detection of colorectal cancer. Here, we studied the mRNA levels of ΔNp73, TAp73, and Δ133p53 in plasma-derived extracellular vesicles from healthy subjects (n = 29), individuals with premalignant lesions (n = 49), and colorectal cancer patients (n = 42). Extracellular vesicles’ ΔNp73 levels were already significantly high in subjects with premalignant lesions. Δ133p53 levels were statistically increased in colorectal cancer patients compared to the other two groups and were associated with patients’ survival. Remarkably, TAp73 mRNA was not detected in any of the individuals. The evaluation of ΔNp73, Δ133p53 and CEA sensitivity, specificity and AUC values supports ΔNp73 as a better early diagnosis biomarker and CEA as the best to identify advanced stages. Thus, low levels of CEA and a high content of ΔNp73 may identify in screening programs those individuals at higher risk of presenting a premalignant lesion. In addition, Δ133p53 emerges as a potential prognosis biomarker in colorectal cancer.
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Tsai IJ, Su ECY, Tsai IL, Lin CY. Clinical Assay for the Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer Using Mass Spectrometric Wheat Germ Agglutinin Multiple Reaction Monitoring. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092190. [PMID: 34063271 PMCID: PMC8124906 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Colorectal cancer (CRC) is currently the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Early diagnosis of CRC is important for increasing the opportunity for treatment and receiving a good prognosis. The aim of our study was to develop a detection method that combined wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) chromatography with mass spectrometry (MS) for early detection of CRC. Further, machine learning algorithms and logistic regression were applied to combine multiple biomarkers we discovered. We validated in a population of 286 plasma samples the diagnostic performance of peptides corresponding to WGA-captured protein and its combination, which received a sensitivity of 84.5% and a specificity of 97.5% in the diagnoses of CRC. Proteomic biomarkers combined with algorithms can provide a powerful tool for discriminating patients with CRC and health controls (HCs). Measurements of WGA-captured PF4, ITIH4, and APOE with MS are then useful for early detection of CRC. Additionally, our study revealed the potential of applying lectin chromatography with MS for disease diagnosis. Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is currently the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the world. U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved circulating tumor markers, including carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 and CA125 were used as prognostic biomarkers of CRC that attributed to low sensitivity in diagnosis of CRC. Therefore, our purpose is to develop a novel strategy for novel clinical biomarkers for early CRC diagnosis. We used mass spectrometry (MS) methods such as nanoLC-MS/MS, targeted LC-MS/MS, and stable isotope-labeled multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) MS coupled to test machine learning algorithms and logistic regression to analyze plasma samples from patients with early-stage CRC, late-stage CRC, and healthy controls (HCs). On the basis of our methods, 356 peptides were identified, 6 differential expressed peptides were verified, and finally three peptides corresponding wheat germ agglutinin (WGA)-captured proteins were semi-quantitated in 286 plasma samples (80 HCs and 206 CRCs). The novel peptide biomarkers combination of PF454–62, ITIH4429–438, and APOE198–207 achieved sensitivity 84.5%, specificity 97.5% and an AUC of 0.96 in CRC diagnosis. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that WGA-captured plasma PF454–62, ITIH4429–438, and APOE198–207 levels in combination may serve as highly effective early diagnostic biomarkers for patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Jung Tsai
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Emily Chia-Yu Su
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Clinical Big Data Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - I-Lin Tsai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yu Lin
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 3326)
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Yang Y, Yan X, Li X, Ma Y, Goel A. Long non-coding RNAs in colorectal cancer: Novel oncogenic mechanisms and promising clinical applications. Cancer Lett 2021; 504:67-80. [PMID: 33577977 PMCID: PMC9715275 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy and ranks as the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite the improvements in CRC diagnosis and treatment approaches, a considerable proportion of CRC patients still suffers from poor prognosis due to late disease detections and lack of personalized disease managements. Recent evidences have not only provided important molecular insights into their mechanistic behaviors but also indicated that identification of cancer-specific long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) could benefit earlier disease detections and improve treatment outcomes in patients suffering from CRC. LncRNAs have raised extensive attentions as they participate in various hallmarks of CRC. The mechanistic evidence gleaned in the recent decade clearly reveals that lncRNAs exert their oncogenic roles by regulating autophagy, epigenetic modifications, enhancing stem phenotype and modifying tumor microenvironment. In view of their pleiotropic functional roles in malignant progression, and their frequently dysregulated expression in CRC patients, they have great potential to be reliable diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as therapeutic targets for CRC. In the present review, we will focus on the oncogenic roles of lncRNAs and related mechanisms in CRC as well as discuss their clinical potential in the early diagnosis, prognostic prediction and therapeutic translation in patients with this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Yang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuebing Yan
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xinxiang Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yanlei Ma
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ajay Goel
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
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Wang Q, Gong LM, Zheng H. Effects of live Clostridium butyricum tablets on intestinal flora balance, toxic and side effects, and immune inflammatory indexes in colorectal cancer patients on postoperative FOLFOX4 chemotherapy. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2021; 29:435-442. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v29.i8.435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative chemotherapy with FOLFOX4 regimen in patients with colorectal cancer destroys the normal digestion and metabolism of the body and reduces the immune capacity while removing and inhibiting cancer cells. As a beneficial bacterium, Clostridium butyricum can regulate the intestinal flora and enhance the immune function of the body, and can therefore be used to regulate the adverse reactions caused by chemotherapy to some extent.
AIM To investigate the effect of live Clostridium butyricum tablets on intestinal flora balance, toxic and side effects, and immune inflammatory indexes in colorectal cancer patients on postoperative FOLFOX4 chemotherapy.
METHODS From April 2017 to May 2020, 92 postoperative colorectal cancer patients treated at our hospital were selected and divided into a study group (n = 46) and a control group (n = 46) using simple randomization method. Both groups received FOLFOX4 chemotherapy after surgery, and the study group additionally received live Clostridium butyricum tablets. Each cycle of treatment was 2 weeks, and the treatment lasted for 8 weeks. Serum tumor markers [carbohydrate antigen 724 (CA724), carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)], immune function indexes (CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and CD4+/CD8+ ratio), inflammatory response indexes [tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin-6 (IL-6)], intestinal flora indicators (Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus, and Bifidobacterium), and intestinal mucosal barrier function indicators [D-lactic acid and fecal secretory immunoglobulin A (S-IgA)] were compared between the two groups before treatment and after 8 weeks of treatment. The incidence of side effects during treatment in the two groups was calculated.
RESULTS After 8 weeks of treatment, serum CA724, CA199, and CEA levels were significantly lower in the study group than in the control group (P < 0.05); CD4+ T cells and CD4+/CD8+ ratio were significantly higher and CD8+ T cells were significantly lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05); serum levels of TNF-α, CRP, and IL-6 were significantly lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05); the numbers of Enterococcus faecalis, Lactobacillus, and Bifidobacterium were significantly higher and the number of Escherichia coli were significantly lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05); and plasma D lactic acid level was significantly lower and fecal S-IgA level was significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The incidence of nausea and vomiting, numbness, leukopenia, and abnormal liver function in the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION Live Clostridium butyricum tablets can correct intestinal flora disorders, repair the damaged intestinal mucosal barrier function, help regulate the immune inflammatory response, reduce the level of serum tumor markers, and reduce toxic and side effects in colorectal cancer patients on postoperative FOLFOX4 chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wang
- Clinical Laboratory of Jinhua Second Hospital, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Li-Ming Gong
- Clinical Laboratory of Lanxi People's Hospital, Lanxi 321100, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Clinical Laboratory of Lanxi People's Hospital, Lanxi 321100, Zhejiang Province, China
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Zhang Y, Wu Q, Xu L, Wang H, Liu X, Li S, Hu T, Liu Y, Peng Q, Chen Z, Wu X, Fan JB. Sensitive detection of colorectal cancer in peripheral blood by a novel methylation assay. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:90. [PMID: 33892797 PMCID: PMC8066866 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01076-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Early detection of CRC can significantly reduce its mortality rate. Current method of CRC diagnosis relies on the invasive endoscopy. Non-invasive assays including fecal occult blood testing (FOBT) and fecal immunological test (FIT) are compromised by low sensitivity and specificity, especially at early stages. Thus, a non-invasive and accurate approach for CRC screening would be highly desirable. RESULTS A new qPCR-based assay combining the simultaneous detection of the DNA methylation status of ten candidate genes was used to examine plasma samples from 56 normal controls, 6 hyperplastic polys, 9 non-advanced adenomas (NAAs), 22 advanced adenomas (AAs) and 175 CRC patients, using 10 ng of cfDNA. We further built a logistic regression model for CRC diagnosis. We tested ten candidate methylation markers including twist1, vav3-as1, fbn1, c9orf50, sfmbt2, kcnq5, fam72c, itga4, kcnj12 and znf132. All markers showed moderate diagnostic performance with AUCs ranging from 0.726 to 0.815. Moreover, a 4-marker model, comprised of two previously reported markers (c9orf50 and twist1) and two novel ones (kcnj12 and znf132), demonstrated high performance for detecting colorectal cancer in an independent validation set (N = 69) with an overall AUC of 0.911 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.834-0.988], sensitivity of 0.800 [95% CI 0.667-0.933] and specificity of 0.971 [95% CI 0.914-1.000]. The stage-stratified sensitivity of the model was 0.455 [95% CI 0.227-0.682], 0.667 [95% CI 0.289-1.000], 0.800 [95% CI 0.449-1.000], 0.800 [95% CI 0.449-1.000] and 0.842 [95% CI 0.678-1.000] for advanced adenoma and CRC stage I-IV, respectively. CONCLUSION kcnj12 and znf132 are two novel methylation biomarkers for CRC diagnosis. The 4-marker methylation model provides a new non-invasive choice for CRC screening and interception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, Guangdong, China
| | - Linhao Xu
- AnchorDx Medical Co., Ltd, Unit 502, 3rd Luoxuan Road, International Bio-Island, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Hong Wang
- AnchorDx Medical Co., Ltd, Unit 502, 3rd Luoxuan Road, International Bio-Island, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Xin Liu
- AnchorDx Inc., 6305 Landing Pkwy, Fremont, CA, 94538, USA
| | - Sihui Li
- AnchorDx Medical Co., Ltd, Unit 502, 3rd Luoxuan Road, International Bio-Island, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Tianliang Hu
- AnchorDx Medical Co., Ltd, Unit 502, 3rd Luoxuan Road, International Bio-Island, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Yanying Liu
- AnchorDx Medical Co., Ltd, Unit 502, 3rd Luoxuan Road, International Bio-Island, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Quanzhou Peng
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- AnchorDx Medical Co., Ltd, Unit 502, 3rd Luoxuan Road, International Bio-Island, Guangzhou, 510300, China. .,AnchorDx Inc., 6305 Landing Pkwy, Fremont, CA, 94538, USA.
| | - Xianrui Wu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, Guangdong, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jian-Bing Fan
- AnchorDx Medical Co., Ltd, Unit 502, 3rd Luoxuan Road, International Bio-Island, Guangzhou, 510300, China. .,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Combining Serum DNA Methylation Biomarkers and Protein Tumor Markers Improved Clinical Sensitivity for Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer. Int J Genomics 2021; 2021:6613987. [PMID: 33977101 PMCID: PMC8084680 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6613987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide and in China. Early CRC screening is the best approach to reduce its incidence and mortality rates. The ColoDefense test, a multiplex qPCR assay simultaneously detecting both methylated SEPT9 and SDC2 genes, has demonstrated improved clinical performance on either methylation biomarker alone for CRC screening with both blood and stool samples. Method Leftover blood chemistry test samples from 125 CRC, 35 advanced adenoma, and 35 small polyp patients and 92 healthy control subjects were examined by the ColoDefense test. Among these samples, the levels of three circulating tumor markers, CEA, AFP, and CA19-9, were also measured for 106 CRC, 28 advanced adenoma, and 20 small polyp patients and all control subjects. Results Due to the smaller volume and extended storage in nonfrozen state, the ColoDefense test with these samples exhibited reduced performance for all stages of CRC and advanced adenomas. The performance of CEA, AFP, and CA19-9 and their various combinations was also evaluated for CRC screening to identify the tumor marker combinations with the best performance. When combined with the ColoDefense test, the identified combinations did improve the clinical performance. Conclusion These results suggested a rational path towards developing a CRC screening method that takes advantage of leftover blood chemistry test samples. The successful development of such a method will undoubtedly help promote early CRC screening by increasing its accessibility for the general public.
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Hu ZW, Chen L, Ma RQ, Wei FQ, Wen YH, Zeng XL, Sun W, Wen WP. Comprehensive analysis of ferritin subunits expression and positive correlations with tumor-associated macrophages and T regulatory cells infiltration in most solid tumors. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:11491-11506. [PMID: 33864445 PMCID: PMC8109065 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ferritin is the most important iron storage form and is known to influence tumor immunity. We previously showed that expression of ferritin light chain (FTL) and ferritin heavy chain (FTH1) subunits is increased in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC). Here, we analyzed solid tumor datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype-Tissue Expression databases to investigate correlations between FTL and FTH1 expressions and (i) patient survival, using univariate, multivariate, Kaplan-Meier and Receiver Operator Characteristic analysis; and (ii) tumor-infiltrating immune cell subsets, using the bioinformatics tools Estimation of Stomal and Immune cells in Malignant Tumor tissues, Microenvironment Cell Population-counter, Tumor Immune Estimation Resource, and Tumor Immunology Miner. We found that FTL and FTH1 are upregulated and downregulated, respectively, in most of the human cancers analyzed. Tumor FTL levels were associated with prognosis in patients with lower grade glioma (LGG), whereas FTH1 levels were associated with prognosis in patients with liver hepatocellular carcinoma, HNSC, LGG, and kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma. In many cancers, FTL and FTH1 levels was significantly positively correlated with tumor infiltration by tumor-associated macrophages and T regulatory cells. These results suggest an important role for FTL and FTH1 in regulating tumor immunity to solid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang-Wei Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P.R. China.,Otorhinolaryngology Institute, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P.R. China.,Otorhinolaryngology Institute, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Ren-Qiang Ma
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P.R. China.,Otorhinolaryngology Institute, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Fan-Qin Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P.R. China.,Otorhinolaryngology Institute, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Hui Wen
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P.R. China.,Otorhinolaryngology Institute, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Lan Zeng
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P.R. China.,Otorhinolaryngology Institute, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P.R. China.,Otorhinolaryngology Institute, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Ping Wen
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P.R. China.,Otorhinolaryngology Institute, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, P.R. China.,Department of Otolaryngology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong, P.R. China
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Almasmoum H. The Roles of Transmembrane Mucins Located on Chromosome 7q22.1 in Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:3271-3280. [PMID: 33883940 PMCID: PMC8053700 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s299089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of cancers. It is associated with a poor prognosis and high mortality. The role of mucins (MUCs) in colon tumorigenesis is unclear, but it might be significant in the progression of malignancy. Some mucins, such as MUC1 and MUC13, act as oncogenes, whereas others, such as MUC2 and MUC6, are tumor suppressors. However, there are still mucins with unidentified roles in CRC. In this review, we discuss the reported roles of mucins in CRC. Moreover, we review the capability of the mucin family to serve as a sensitive and specific histopathological marker for the early diagnosis of CRC. Lastly, the role of mucin genes clustered on chromosome 7q22 in CRC and other cancers is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussain Almasmoum
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 7607, Saudi Arabia
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Silva CMS, Barros-Filho MC, Wong DVT, Mello JBH, Nobre LMS, Wanderley CWS, Lucetti LT, Muniz HA, Paiva IKD, Kuasne H, Ferreira DPP, Cunha MPSS, Hirth CG, Silva PGB, Sant’Ana RO, Souza MHLP, Quetz JS, Rogatto SR, Lima-Junior RCP. Circulating let-7e-5p, miR-106a-5p, miR-28-3p, and miR-542-5p as a Promising microRNA Signature for the Detection of Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071493. [PMID: 33804927 PMCID: PMC8037203 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The detection of early-stage colorectal cancer increases the chance to prevent tumor progression and death by the disease. Colonoscopy is one sensitive screening test to detect malignant or potentially malignant lesions in the intestines. However, it has some disadvantages, including sedation requirements, increased risk of colon perforation, and bleeding. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in plasma or serum from cancer patients have been investigated and described as potential diagnostic or prognostic markers. We conducted an miRNAs screening test in plasma samples from colorectal cancer patients and subjects without cancer, aiming to identify markers for the early detection of the disease. We identified and validated four miRNAs capable of distinguishing cancer from non-cancer cases. Our non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers presented high performance and are easily applicable to clinical practice. Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a disease with high incidence and mortality. Colonoscopy is a gold standard among tests used for CRC traceability. However, serious complications, such as colon perforation, may occur. Non-invasive diagnostic procedures are an unmet need. We aimed to identify a plasma microRNA (miRNA) signature for CRC detection. Plasma samples were obtained from subjects (n = 109) at different stages of colorectal carcinogenesis. The patients were stratified into a non-cancer (27 healthy volunteers, 17 patients with hyperplastic polyps, 24 with adenomas), and a cancer group (20 CRC and 21 metastatic CRC). miRNAs (381) were screened by TaqMan Low-Density Array. A classifier based on four differentially expressed miRNAs (miR-28-3p, let-7e-5p, miR-106a-5p, and miR-542-5p) was able to discriminate cancer versus non-cancer cases. The overexpression of these miRNAs was confirmed by RT-qPCR, and a cross-study validation step was implemented using eight data series retrieved from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). In addition, another external data validation using CRC surgical specimens from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was carried out. The predictive model’s performance in the validation set was 76.5% accuracy, 59.4% sensitivity, and 86.8% specificity (area under the curve, AUC = 0.716). The employment of our model in the independent publicly available datasets confirmed a good discrimination performance in five of eight datasets (median AUC = 0.823). Applying this algorithm to the TCGA cohort, we found 99.5% accuracy, 99.7% sensitivity, and 90.9% specificity (AUC = 0.998) when the model was applied to solid colorectal tissues. Overall, we suggest a novel signature of four circulating miRNAs, i.e., miR-28-3p, let-7e-5p, miR-106a-5p, and miR-542-5p, as a predictive tool for the detection of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Meirelles S. Silva
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil; (L.M.S.N.); (C.W.S.W.); (L.T.L.); (H.A.M.); (I.K.D.P.)
- Correspondence: (C.M.S.S.); (S.R.R.); (R.C.P.L.-J.); Tel.: +55-85-3366-8585 (C.M.S.S. & R.C.P.L.-J.); +45-7940-6669 (S.R.R.)
| | - Mateus C. Barros-Filho
- International Research Center—CIPE, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01525-001, Brazil; (M.C.B.-F.); (H.K.)
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo/LIM-28-São Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-000, Brazil
| | - Deysi Viviana T. Wong
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-160, Brazil; or
- Haroldo Juaçaba Hospital—Cancer Institute of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-230, Brazil; (M.P.S.S.C.); (C.G.H.); (P.G.B.S.); (R.O.S.); (J.S.Q.)
| | - Julia Bette H. Mello
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Program, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro 20230-240, Brazil;
| | - Livia Maria S. Nobre
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil; (L.M.S.N.); (C.W.S.W.); (L.T.L.); (H.A.M.); (I.K.D.P.)
| | - Carlos Wagner S. Wanderley
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil; (L.M.S.N.); (C.W.S.W.); (L.T.L.); (H.A.M.); (I.K.D.P.)
| | - Larisse T. Lucetti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil; (L.M.S.N.); (C.W.S.W.); (L.T.L.); (H.A.M.); (I.K.D.P.)
| | - Heitor A. Muniz
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil; (L.M.S.N.); (C.W.S.W.); (L.T.L.); (H.A.M.); (I.K.D.P.)
| | - Igor Kenned D. Paiva
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil; (L.M.S.N.); (C.W.S.W.); (L.T.L.); (H.A.M.); (I.K.D.P.)
| | - Hellen Kuasne
- International Research Center—CIPE, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo 01525-001, Brazil; (M.C.B.-F.); (H.K.)
| | | | - Maria Perpétuo S. S. Cunha
- Haroldo Juaçaba Hospital—Cancer Institute of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-230, Brazil; (M.P.S.S.C.); (C.G.H.); (P.G.B.S.); (R.O.S.); (J.S.Q.)
| | - Carlos G. Hirth
- Haroldo Juaçaba Hospital—Cancer Institute of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-230, Brazil; (M.P.S.S.C.); (C.G.H.); (P.G.B.S.); (R.O.S.); (J.S.Q.)
| | - Paulo Goberlânio B. Silva
- Haroldo Juaçaba Hospital—Cancer Institute of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-230, Brazil; (M.P.S.S.C.); (C.G.H.); (P.G.B.S.); (R.O.S.); (J.S.Q.)
| | - Rosane O. Sant’Ana
- Haroldo Juaçaba Hospital—Cancer Institute of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-230, Brazil; (M.P.S.S.C.); (C.G.H.); (P.G.B.S.); (R.O.S.); (J.S.Q.)
- School of Medicine, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza 60811-905, Brazil
| | | | - Josiane S. Quetz
- Haroldo Juaçaba Hospital—Cancer Institute of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-230, Brazil; (M.P.S.S.C.); (C.G.H.); (P.G.B.S.); (R.O.S.); (J.S.Q.)
| | - Silvia R. Rogatto
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, 7100 Vejle, Denmark
- Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
- Danish Colorectal Cancer Center South, 7100 Vejle, Denmark
- Correspondence: (C.M.S.S.); (S.R.R.); (R.C.P.L.-J.); Tel.: +55-85-3366-8585 (C.M.S.S. & R.C.P.L.-J.); +45-7940-6669 (S.R.R.)
| | - Roberto César P. Lima-Junior
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60430-270, Brazil; (L.M.S.N.); (C.W.S.W.); (L.T.L.); (H.A.M.); (I.K.D.P.)
- Correspondence: (C.M.S.S.); (S.R.R.); (R.C.P.L.-J.); Tel.: +55-85-3366-8585 (C.M.S.S. & R.C.P.L.-J.); +45-7940-6669 (S.R.R.)
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Cheng J, Guo Y, Guan G, Huang H, Jiang F, He J, Wu J, Guo Z, Liu X, Ao L. Two novel qualitative transcriptional signatures robustly applicable to non-research-oriented colorectal cancer samples with low-quality RNA. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:3622-3633. [PMID: 33719152 PMCID: PMC8034468 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, due to the low quality of RNA caused by degradation or low abundance, the accuracy of gene expression measurements by transcriptome sequencing (RNA‐seq) is very challenging for non‐research‐oriented clinical samples, majority of which are preserved in hospitals or tissue banks worldwide with complete pathological information and follow‐up data. Molecular signatures consisting of several genes are rarely applied to such samples. To utilize these resources effectively, 45 stage II non‐research‐oriented samples which were formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) colorectal carcinoma samples (CRC) using RNA‐seq have been analysed. Our results showed that although gene expression measurements were significantly affected, most cancer features, based on the relative expression orderings (REOs) of gene pairs, were well preserved. We then developed two REO‐based signatures, which consisted of 136 gene pairs for early diagnosis of CRC, and 4500 gene pairs for predicting post‐surgery relapse risk of stage II and III CRC. The performance of our signatures, which included hundreds or thousands of gene pairs, was more robust for non‐research‐oriented clinical samples, compared to that of two published concise REO‐based signatures. In conclusion, REO‐based signatures with relatively more gene pairs could be robustly applied to non‐research‐oriented CRC samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cheng
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University (Foshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital), Foshan, China.,Department of Bioinformatics, Fujian Key Laboratory of Medical Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yating Guo
- Department of Bioinformatics, Fujian Key Laboratory of Medical Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guoxian Guan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Affiliated Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Huang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Fujian Key Laboratory of Medical Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fengle Jiang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Fujian Key Laboratory of Medical Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Bioinformatics, Fujian Key Laboratory of Medical Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Junling Wu
- Department of Bioinformatics, Fujian Key Laboratory of Medical Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zheng Guo
- Department of Bioinformatics, Fujian Key Laboratory of Medical Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Affiliated Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lu Ao
- Department of Bioinformatics, Fujian Key Laboratory of Medical Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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125
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Aberrant protein glycosylation in cancer: implications in targeted therapy. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:843-854. [PMID: 33704376 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant cell surface glycosylation signatures are currently known to actively drive the neoplastic transformation of healthy cells. By disrupting the homeostatic functions of their protein carriers, cancer-associated glycans mechanistically underpin several molecular hallmarks of human malignancy. Furthermore, such aberrant glycan structures play key roles in the acquisition of molecular resistance to targeted therapeutic agents, which compromises their clinical efficacy, by modulating tumour cell aggressiveness and supporting the establishment of an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Recent advances in the study of the tumour cell glycoproteome have unravelled previously elusive molecular mechanisms of therapeutic resistance, guided the rational design of novel personalized therapeutic strategies, and may further improve the clinical performance of currently approved anti-cancer targeted agents. In this review, we highlight the impact of glycosylation in cancer targeted therapy, with particular focus on receptor tyrosine kinase-targeted therapy, immune checkpoints blockade therapy, and current developments on therapeutic strategies directed to glycan-binding proteins and other innovative glycan therapeutic strategies.
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126
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Guo YY, Peng XL, Zhan N, Tian S, Li J, Dong WG. Development and validation a simple model for identify malignant ascites. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:1966-1974. [PMID: 33850466 PMCID: PMC8040393 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.53743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The differential diagnosis of benign ascites and malignant ascites is incredibly challenging for clinicians. This research aimed to develop a user-friendly predictive model to discriminate malignant ascites from non-malignant ascites through easy-to-obtain clinical parameters. All patients with new-onset ascites fluid were recruited from January 2014 to December 2018. The medical records of 317 patients with ascites for various reasons in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University were collected and reviewed retrospectively. Thirty-six parameters were included and selected using univariate logistic regression, multivariate logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses to establish a mathematical model for differential diagnosis, and its diagnostic performance was validated in the other groups. Age, cholesterol, hypersensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in serum, ascitic fluid adenosine deaminase (AF ADA), ascitic fluid lactate dehydrogenase (AF LDH) involvement in a 5-marker model. With a cut-off level of 0.83, the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and area under the ROC of the model for identifying malignant ascites in the development dataset were 84.7%, 88.8%, 87.6%, and 0.874 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.822-0.926), respectively, and 80.9%, 82.6%, 81.5%, and 0.863 (95% CI,0.817-0.913) in the validation dataset, respectively. The diagnostic model has a similar high diagnostic performance in both the development and validation datasets. The mathematical diagnostic model based on the five markers is a user-friendly method to differentiate malignant ascites from benign ascites with high efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Yun Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
| | - Xiu-Lan Peng
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei, 430050, China
| | - Na Zhan
- Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
| | - Shan Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
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Dai B, Yin C, Wu J, Li W, Zheng L, Lin F, Han X, Fu Y, Zhang D, Zhuang S. A flux-adaptable pump-free microfluidics-based self-contained platform for multiplex cancer biomarker detection. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:143-153. [PMID: 33185235 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00944j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidics drives technological advancement in point-of-care (POC) bioanalytical diagnostics towards portability, fast response and low cost. In most microfluidic bioanalytical applications, flowing antigen/antibody reacts with immobilized antibody/antigen at a constant flux; it is difficult to reach a compromise to simultaneously realize sufficient time for the antigen-antibody interaction and short time for the entire assay. Here, we present a pump-free microfluidic chip, in which flow is self-initialized by capillary pumping and continued by imbibition of a filter paper. Microfluidic units in teardrop shape ensure that flow passes through the reaction areas at a reduced flux to facilitate the association between antigen and antibody and speeds up after the reaction areas. By spotting different antibodies into the reaction area, four types of biomarkers can be measured simultaneously in one microfluidic chip. Moreover, a small-sized instrument was developed for chemiluminescence detection and signal analysis. The system was validated by testing four biomarkers of colorectal cancer using plasma samples from patients. The assay took about 20 minutes. The limit of detection is 0.89 ng mL-1, 1.72 ng mL-1, 3.62 U mL-1 and 1.05 U mL-1 for the assays of carcinoembryonic antigen, alpha-fetoprotein, carbohydrate antigen 125 and carbohydrate antigen 19-9, respectively. This flux-adaptable and self-contained microfluidic platform is expected to be useful in various POC disease-monitoring applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Dai
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, The Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical System, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China.
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128
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Lin J, Huang Z, Lin X, Wu Q, Quan K, Cheng Y, Zheng M, Xu J, Dai Y, Qiu H, Lin D, Feng S. Rapid and label-free urine test based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for the non-invasive detection of colorectal cancer at different stages. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:7109-7119. [PMID: 33408983 PMCID: PMC7747921 DOI: 10.1364/boe.406097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The concept of being able to urinate in a cup and screen for colorectal cancer (CRC) is fascinating to the public at large. Here, a simple and label-free urine test based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was employed for CRC detection. Significant spectral differences among normal, stages I-II, and stages III-IV CRC urines were observed. Using discriminant function analysis, the diagnostic sensitivities of 95.8%, 80.9%, and 84.3% for classification of normal, stages I-II, and stages III-IV CRC were achieved in training model, indicating the great promise of urine SERS as a rapid, convenient and noninvasive method for CRC staging detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyong Lin
- Radiation Oncology Department, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Digital Fujian Internet-of-Things Laboratory of Environment Monitoring, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Zongwei Huang
- Radiation Oncology Department, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Xueliang Lin
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Digital Fujian Internet-of-Things Laboratory of Environment Monitoring, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Digital Fujian Internet-of-Things Laboratory of Environment Monitoring, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Kerun Quan
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Yanming Cheng
- Radiation Oncology Department, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
| | - Mingzhi Zheng
- Radiation Oncology Department, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
| | - Jiaying Xu
- Radiation Oncology Department, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
| | - Yitao Dai
- Radiation Oncology Department, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
| | - Hejin Qiu
- Radiation Oncology Department, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
| | - Duo Lin
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Digital Fujian Internet-of-Things Laboratory of Environment Monitoring, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Shangyuan Feng
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine, Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Photonics Technology, Digital Fujian Internet-of-Things Laboratory of Environment Monitoring, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
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Szymanska B, Lukaszewski Z, Hermanowicz-Szamatowicz K, Gorodkiewicz E. An immunosensor for the determination of carcinoembryonic antigen by Surface Plasmon Resonance imaging. Anal Biochem 2020; 609:113964. [PMID: 32979366 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2020.113964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is one of the biomarkers most commonly used to determine tumor activity. In this work, a Surface Plasmon Resonance imaging (SPRi) immunosensor was developed. The immunosensor consists of a cysteamine linker attached to a gold chip and mouse monoclonal anti-CEA antibody bonded by the "EDC/NHS protocol". The formation of successive immunosensor layers was confirmed by AFM measurements. The concentration of the antibody was optimized. The linear response range of the developed immunosensor is between 0.40 and 20 ng mL-1, and it is suitable for CEA measurement in both blood cancer patients and healthy individuals. Only 3 μL of serum or plasma sample is required, and no preconcentration is used. The method has a precision of 2-16%, a recovery of 101-104% depending on CEA concentration, a detection limit of 0.12 ng mL-1 and a quantification limit of 0.40 ng mL-1. The method is selective (with respect to albumin, leptin, interleukin 6, metalloproteinase-1, metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 and CA 125/MUC16) and it was validated by comparison with the standard electrochemiluminescence method on a series of colorectal cancer blood samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Szymanska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bioanalysis Laboratory, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1K, 15-245, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Zenon Lukaszewski
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Pl. Sklodowskiej-Curie 5, 60-965, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Ewa Gorodkiewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Bioanalysis Laboratory, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego 1K, 15-245, Bialystok, Poland.
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Ito H, Uragami N, Miyazaki T, Yang W, Issha K, Matsuo K, Kimura S, Arai Y, Tokunaga H, Okada S, Kawamura M, Yokoyama N, Kushima M, Inoue H, Fukagai T, Kamijo Y. Highly accurate colorectal cancer prediction model based on Raman spectroscopy using patient serum. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2020; 12:1311-1324. [PMID: 33250963 PMCID: PMC7667458 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v12.i11.1311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is an important disease worldwide, accounting for the second highest number of cancer-related deaths and the third highest number of new cancer cases. The blood test is a simple and minimally invasive diagnostic test. However, there is currently no blood test that can accurately diagnose CRC.
AIM To develop a comprehensive, spontaneous, minimally invasive, label-free, blood-based CRC screening technique based on Raman spectroscopy.
METHODS We used Raman spectra recorded using 184 serum samples obtained from patients undergoing colonoscopies. Patients with malignant tumor histories as well as those with cancers in organs other than the large intestine were excluded. Consequently, the specific diseases of 184 patients were CRC (12), rectal neuroendocrine tumor (2), colorectal adenoma (68), colorectal hyperplastic polyp (18), and others (84). We used the 1064-nm wavelength laser for excitation. The power of the laser was set to 200 mW.
RESULTS Use of the recorded Raman spectra as training data allowed the construction of a boosted tree CRC prediction model based on machine learning. Therefore, the generalized R2 values for CRC, adenomas, hyperplastic polyps, and neuroendocrine tumors were 0.9982, 0.9630, 0.9962, and 0.9986, respectively.
CONCLUSION For machine learning using Raman spectral data, a highly accurate CRC prediction model with a high R2 value was constructed. We are currently planning studies to demonstrate the accuracy of this model with a large amount of additional data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Ito
- Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo 135-8577, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Uragami
- Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo 135-8577, Japan
| | | | | | - Kenji Issha
- Fuji Technical Research Inc., Yokohama 220-6215, Japan
| | - Kai Matsuo
- Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo 135-8577, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kimura
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Central Clinical Laboratory, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama 224-8503, Japan
| | - Yuji Arai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo 135-8577, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Tokunaga
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Showa University Hospital, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan, BML Inc., Tokyo 151-0051, Japan
| | - Saiko Okada
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo 135-8577, Japan
| | - Machiko Kawamura
- Department of Hematology, Saitama Cancer Center, Inamachi, Saitama 362-0806, Japan
| | - Noboru Yokoyama
- Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo 135-8577, Japan
| | - Miki Kushima
- Department of Pathology, Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo 135-8577, Japan
| | - Haruhiro Inoue
- Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo 135-8577, Japan
| | - Takashi Fukagai
- Department of Urology, Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo 135-8577, Japan
| | - Yumi Kamijo
- Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo 135-8577, Japan
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131
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Prediction of cancer-specific survival and overall survival in middle-aged and older patients with rectal adenocarcinoma using a nomogram model. Transl Oncol 2020; 14:100938. [PMID: 33186890 PMCID: PMC7658496 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Summarise the established knowledge on this subject.Middle-aged and older patients are at high risk of rectal adenocarcinoma; however, studies comprehensively analysing its predictors and the construction of visual nomogram models are limited. Most studies that reported on the prediction of colorectal cancer-related survival models had limited samples and included data from a single centre. The included predictors were limited, or the evaluation indicators were not easy to obtain, greatly limiting clinical application. With the advancement of medical care, the clinical outcomes of patients with rectal adenocarcinoma have changed. Therefore, new, more comprehensive, and practical indicators are required for constructing clinical prediction models to effectively determine the prognosis of patients.
What are the significant and/or new findings of this study?We included demographic and clinicopathological data from thousands of middle-aged and elderly patients with rectal adenocarcinoma to find relevant prognostic factors. New cut-offs were developed and used for the construction of nomograms. The nomogram constructed this time has excellent predictive ability and clinical decision-making ability, and has good clinical practicability. The nomogram survival prediction model constructed this time can effectively help evaluate the prognosis of middle-aged and elderly patients with rectal adenocarcinoma and guide the selection of clinical treatment measures.
Objective To develop a new nomogram tool for predicting survival in middle-aged and elderly patients with rectal adenocarcinoma. Methods A total of 6,116 patients were randomly assigned in a 7:3 ratio to training and validation cohorts. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to identify independent prognostic factors associated with overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in the training set, and two nomogram prognostic models were constructed. The validity, accuracy, discrimination, predictive ability, and clinical utility of the models were assessed based on the concordance index (C-index), area under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve, time-dependent area under the ROC curve (AUC), Kaplan-Meier survival curve, and decision curve analyses. Results Predictors of OS and CSS were identified, and nomograms were successfully constructed. The calibration discrimination for both the OS and CSS nomogram prediction models was good (C-index: 0.763 and 0.787, respectively). The AUC showed excellent predictive performance, and the calibration curve exhibited significant predictive power for both nomograms. The time-dependent AUC showed that the predictive ability of the predictor-based nomogram was better than that of the TNM stage. The nomograms successfully discriminated high-, medium-, and low-risk patients for all-cause and cancer-specific mortality. The decision curve demonstrated that the nomograms are useful with respect to good decision power. Conclusion Our nomogram survival prediction models may aid in evaluating the prognosis of middle-aged and older patients with rectal adenocarcinoma and guiding the selection of the clinical treatment measures.
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Choe W, Chae JD, Lee BH, Kim SH, Park SY, Nimse SB, Kim J, Warkad SD, Song KS, Oh AC, Hong YJ, Kim T. 9G Test TM Cancer/Lung: A Desirable Companion to LDCT for Lung Cancer Screening. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113192. [PMID: 33143045 PMCID: PMC7692999 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Patients diagnosed at early-stage (0–I) have a higher survival rate than the metastasized stages (III–IV). Thus, there is great potential to reduce mortality by diagnosing lung cancer at stage 0~I through community screening. LDCT is a promising method, but it has a high false-positive rate. Therefore, a biomarker test that can be used in combination with LDCT for lung cancer screening to reduce false-positive rates is highly awaited. The present study evaluated the applicability of 9G testTM Cancer/Lung test to detect stage 0~IV lung cancer. 9G testTM Cancer/Lung test detects stage I, stage II, stage III, and stage IV cancers with the sensitivities of 77.5%, 78.1%, 67.4%, and 33.3%, respectively, at the specificity of 97.3%. These results indicate that the 9G testTM Cancer/Lung can be used in conjunction with LDCT to screen lung cancer. Abstract A complimentary biomarker test that can be used in combination with LDCT for lung cancer screening is highly desirable to improve the diagnostic capacity of LDCT and reduce the false-positive rates. Most importantly, the stage I lung cancer detection rate can be dramatically increased by the simultaneous use of a biomarker test with LDCT. The present study was conducted to evaluate 9G testTM Cancer/Lung’s sensitivity and specificity in detecting Stage 0~IV lung cancer. The obtained results indicate that the 9G testTM Cancer/Lung can detect lung cancer with overall sensitivity and specificity of 75.0% (69.1~80.3) and 97.3% (95.0~98.8), respectively. The detection of stage I, stage II, stage III, and stage IV cancers with sensitivities of 77.5%, 78.1%, 67.4%, and 33.3%, respectively, at the specificity of 97.3% have never been reported before. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis allowed us to determine the population-weighted AUC of 0.93 (95% CI, 0.91–0.95). These results indicate that the 9G testTM Cancer/Lung can be used in conjunction with LDCT to screen lung cancer. Furthermore, obtained results indicate that the use of 9G testTM Cancer/Lung with LDCT for lung cancer screening can increase stage I cancer detection, which is crucial to improve the currently low 5-year survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonho Choe
- Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Eulji University, Seoul 01830, Korea
| | - Jeong Don Chae
- Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Eulji University, Seoul 01830, Korea
| | - Byoung-Hoon Lee
- Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Department of Pulmonology and Allergy, Eulji University, Seoul 01830, Korea
| | - Sang-Hoon Kim
- Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Department of Pulmonology and Allergy, Eulji University, Seoul 01830, Korea
| | - So Young Park
- Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Department of Pulmonology and Allergy, Eulji University, Seoul 01830, Korea
| | - Satish Balasaheb Nimse
- Institute of Applied Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Junghoon Kim
- Institute of Applied Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | | | - Keum-Soo Song
- Biometrix Technology, Inc. 2-2 Bio Venture Plaza 56, Chuncheon 24232, Korea
| | - Ae-Chin Oh
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul 01812, Korea
| | - Young Jun Hong
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul 01812, Korea
| | - Taisun Kim
- Institute of Applied Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
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Ma W, Li W, Wang J, Wu R, Liu C, Feng F, Jiang X. The Clinical Role of Preoperative Serum CA19-9 and Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) Levels in Evaluating the Resectability of Advanced Gallbladder Cancer. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e925017. [PMID: 32950997 PMCID: PMC7513615 DOI: 10.12659/msm.925017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study was designed to study the ability of preoperative serum concentrations of the tumor-associated biomarkers carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and adjusted CA19-9 to assess the resectability of advanced gallbladder cancer (GBC). MATERIAL AND METHODS This retrospective study included patients with potentially resectable stage II-IV (AJCC 8th) GBC examined at our institution between January 2012 and December 2016. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine the predictive value and optimal cut-off point of tumor-associated biomarkers for curative resection. RESULTS Pathological examination of the 309 patients included in this study found that 169 (54.7%) underwent R0 (curative) resection, whereas 121 (39.2%) underwent R1/2 (non-curative) resection, and 19 (6.1%) were unresectable. The mean serum concentrations of CEA, CA19-9 and adjusted CA19-9 were significantly lower in patients who underwent R0 resection than in the other groups. ROC curve analysis showed that adjusted CA19-9 concentration was better able to predict resectability (area under the curve, 0.774; 95% confidence interval, 0.722-0.826; P<0.001) than total bilirubin, CEA, and CA19-9 concentrations. The optimal cut-off for adjusted CA19-9 concentration was 47.63 U/mL, which had a sensitivity of 69.82%, a specificity of 75%, a positive predictive value of 77.12% and a negative predictive value of 67.31%. CONCLUSIONS Adjusted CA19-9 concentration is an easily calculated parameter superior to CA19-9 and CEA concentrations in predicting the resectability of advanced gallbladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencong Ma
- Department of Biliary Tract Surgery I, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Biliary Tract Surgery I, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Jinghan Wang
- Department of Biliary Tract Surgery I, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Rui Wu
- Department of Biliary Tract Surgery I, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Biliary Tract Surgery I, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Feiling Feng
- Department of Biliary Tract Surgery I, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaoqing Jiang
- Department of Biliary Tract Surgery I, Third Affiliated Hospital of Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China (mainland)
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134
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Inflammatory Serum Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer in Kazakhstan Population. Int J Inflam 2020; 2020:9476326. [PMID: 32963755 PMCID: PMC7495209 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9476326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a type of oncopathology widespread in Kazakhstan. The genetic component, as well as the possible etiopathogenetic mechanisms, is widely studied. One of the most promising areas is the study of diagnostic and prognostic possibilities of inflammatory biomarkers in patients with different degrees of tumor differentiation. The following biomarkers were included in the study panel: stem cell factor (SCF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF2), interleukin 6 (IL6), interleukin 8 (IL8), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), soluble Fas (SFAS), soluble Fas ligand (sFASL), transforming growth factor β (TGF), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1). The data of our study show that most of the basic proinflammatory cytokines are involved in the systemic process and their levels do not depend on the level of tissue differentiation. Serum PD-L1 has shown itself to be a promising marker for tumor growth, which depends on the degree of differentiation.
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135
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Yang D, Zhuang B, Wang W, Xie X, Xie X. Differential diagnosis of liver metastases of gastrointestinal stromal tumors from colorectal cancer based on combined tumor biomarker with features of conventional ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2020; 45:2717-2725. [PMID: 32458028 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-020-02592-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the value of tumor marker CA125 and CEA linked with conventional ultrasound (US) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) features in differentiating gastrointestinal stromal tumors liver metastases (GISTLM) from colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRCLM). MATERIALS AND METHODS From December 2005 to February 2019, eighty patients with pathologically proven GISTLM together with 80 CRCLM patients were retrospectively evaluated with contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). Clinical characteristics such as CA125 and CEA were documented to compare the difference between GISTLM and CRCLM. Univariate analysis was performed to determine significant features in ultrasound and then these features were entered into multivariate logistic regression model to determine diagnostic criteria. By analyzing the tumor marker and imaging features, diagnostic performance was evaluated via receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were calculated for the diagnosis of GISTLM. RESULTS Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that increased CA125 and normal CEA were the independent variables of GISTLM. On conventional US, the features of hypo- or mix-echogenicity and anechoic area were associated with GISTLM. On CEUS, capsule enhancement, starting time of washout > 40 s and proportion of non-enhancement area > 20% were the features indicating GISTLM. All of the p values were < 0.05. When linking tumor marker with imaging features, the diagnostic sensitivity improved from 36.3-57.5% to 70.0%, and the area under the ROC (AUROC) curve improved from 0.681-0.750 to 0.838, with a specificity of 97.5%. CONCLUSIONS Combining the imaging features of conventional US and CEUS with serum tumor markers provides a potentially effective diagnostic method in differentiation of GISTLM and CRCLM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daopeng Yang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, NO.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowen Zhuang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, NO.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, NO.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Xie
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, NO.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Xie
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, NO.58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
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136
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Wu T, Mo Y, Wu C. Prognostic values of CEA, CA19-9, and CA72-4 in patients with stages I-III colorectal cancer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2020; 13:1608-1614. [PMID: 32782679 PMCID: PMC7414469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the levels of three tumor markers (TMs), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9, and CA72-4, and the prognoses of colorectal cancer patients. METHODS From January 2012 to December 2015, 101 patients with stages I-III colorectal cancer treated in the general surgery department of Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University were included in this retrospective study. The patients' blood was collected at different time points to determine their biochemical index values. The CA19-9 and CEA levels were measured using a chemiluminescence analyzer, and the CA72-4 level was determined using a semi-automatic enzyme-free analyzer. The relationship between the tumor marker expressions and the prognoses of patients with colorectal cancer was analyzed. RESULTS The sensitivity of the combined quantification of the three TMs was higher than quantifying just one of them, but the specificity was decreased. Those three TM levels were stable at two years after the operations, and they were significantly lower than they were before the operations (P < 0.05). A Kaplan Meier survival curve analysis showed that, compared with the patients with normal levels, the patients with increased levels of the three TMs had significantly shorter overall survival times and higher recurrence rates (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The combined quantification of CEA, CA19-9, and CA72-4 is of great significance in determining the prognoses of colorectal cancer patients. It is helpful to predict the outcomes of patients with stages I-III colorectal cancer two years after their operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantong Wu
- Huiqiao Medical Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, China
| | - Yali Mo
- Huiqiao Medical Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengtang Wu
- Huiqiao Medical Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University Guangzhou, China
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137
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Binetti M, Lauro A, Vaccari S, Cervellera M, Tonini V. Proteogenomic biomarkers in colorectal cancers: clinical applications. Expert Rev Proteomics 2020; 17:355-363. [PMID: 32536221 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2020.1782202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading cancers in terms of incidence and mortality, rate requiring a multidisciplinary approach. The discovery of specific CRC biomarkers has caused a paradigm shift in its clinical management. AREAS COVERED The aim is to illustrate the possible clinical applications of CRC biomarkers through an updated literature review (from 2015 to 2020) based on the PubMed database. A relationship between cancer localization and genetic profile has been identified. Nowadays, the tumor markers are largely used to select patients that could really benefit from a specific type of adjuvant therapy, in order to optimize treatment programs, especially in metastatic patients. This review highlights both CRC biomarkers' advantages and critical issues. EXPERT OPINION New biomarker discoveries allow to set noninvasive tests that could increase patient's compliance with therapy. They also permit a cost-effective early diagnosis, as well as patient-tailored treatments, improving the overall survival. The CRC biomarkers could also have a prognostic value, and usually, they are included in follow-up programs. However, despite the continuous progression of new technologies, their clinical validation is still debated. In this context, additional clinical studies are still necessary to identify, among potential markers, the most effective ones.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Augusto Lauro
- Emergency Surgery Unit, St. Orsola University Hospital , Bologna, Italy
| | - Samuele Vaccari
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Umberto I University Hospital , Rome, Italy
| | | | - Valeria Tonini
- Emergency Surgery Unit, St. Orsola University Hospital , Bologna, Italy
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138
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Barbirou M, Sghaier I, Bedoui S, Ben Abderrazek R, Kraiem H, Farah A, Hassiki R, Mokrani A, Mezlini A, Almawi WY, Loueslati-Yacoubi B, Bouhaouala-Zahar B. KCNB1 gene polymorphisms and related indel as predictor biomarkers of treatment response for colorectal cancer - toward a personalized medicine. Tumour Biol 2020; 42:1010428320925237. [PMID: 32484056 DOI: 10.1177/1010428320925237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The KCNB1 gene variants were differentially associated with cancers. However, their association with colorectal cancer has not yet been explored. We investigated the contribution of the KCNB1 gene variants rs3331, rs1051295, and indel (insertion/deletion) rs11468831 Polymorphism as predictors of the treatment response in colorectal cancer patients. A retrospective study, which involved 291 Tunisian colorectal cancer patients (aged 60.0 ± 13.1 years), who were stratified into responder and non-responder groups, according to TNM stages and their responsiveness to chemotherapy based on fluorouracil. KCNB1 genotyping was performed with amplification-refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction, and was confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Sex-specific response was found and colorectal cancer females are less likely to achieve a positive response during the chemotherapy strategy, compared to males. Weight and body mass index, tumor size, and tumor localization are considered as predictive factors to treatment responsiveness. Carriage of rs11468831 Ins allele was significantly associated with successful therapy achievement (p adjusted < 0.001). Stratification of colorectal cancer patients' response according to tumor localization and TNM stages reveals negative association of rs3331 Major allele to treatment response among the patients with advanced cancer stages (subgroup G2). The presence of rs3331 (homozygous minor) C/C genotype was positively associated with decline in carcino-embryonic antigen (p = 0.043) and CA19-9 (p = 0.014) serum levels. On the other hand, the presence of rs1051295 (homozygous minor) A/A genotype was correlated with marked decline in CA19-9 serum levels. KCNB1 haplotype did not reveal any association between haplotypes and treatment response. The results obtained suggest that gender-specific strategies for screening treatment and prevention protocols as well as KCNB1 variants may constitute an effective model for ongoing personalization medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouadh Barbirou
- Laboratory of Venoms and Therapeutic Molecules, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis Belvédère- University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Department of Health Management and Informatics, Center for Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Ikram Sghaier
- Department of Health Management and Informatics, Center for Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sinda Bedoui
- Laboratory of Mycology, Pathologies and Biomarkers, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Rahma Ben Abderrazek
- Laboratory of Venoms and Therapeutic Molecules, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis Belvédère- University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hazar Kraiem
- Laboratory of Venoms and Therapeutic Molecules, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis Belvédère- University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Azer Farah
- Laboratory of Venoms and Therapeutic Molecules, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis Belvédère- University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Rym Hassiki
- Laboratory of Venoms and Therapeutic Molecules, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis Belvédère- University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | | | | | - Wassim Y Almawi
- Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Besma Loueslati-Yacoubi
- Laboratory of Mycology, Pathologies and Biomarkers, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Balkiss Bouhaouala-Zahar
- Laboratory of Venoms and Therapeutic Molecules, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis Belvédère- University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Medicine School of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
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Abbas M, Kassim SA, Habib M, Li X, Shi M, Wang ZC, Hu Y, Zhu HL. Clinical Evaluation of Serum Tumor Markers in Patients With Advanced-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Palliative Chemotherapy in China. Front Oncol 2020; 10:800. [PMID: 32582542 PMCID: PMC7292202 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aims to analyze the prognostic value of seven tumor makers and also investigate the response of palliative chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC patients with advanced disease. Methods: Medical records of 278 advanced NSCLC Chinese patients who received six cycles of palliative chemotherapy were retrospectively reviewed under ethical approval (JSCH2019K-011). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed using SPSS 24 to find the clinical value of these tumor markers and to identify the factors that were associated with progression-free survival (PFS), as well as the response to palliative chemotherapy. Results: In baseline characteristic, the high levels of CEA, CA-125, CA-199, AFP, NSE, CYFRA21-1, and CA15-3 were detected in 209 (75.18%), 139 (50.0%), 62 (22.30%), 18 (6.47%), 155 (55.75%), 176 (63.30%), and 180 (64.74%) patients, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that patients with high vs. normal levels of all tumor markers had an increased risk of poor prognosis. In the multivariable Cox regression model, the patient with (high vs. normal) CYFRA21-1 levels (HR = 1.454, P = 0.009) demonstrated an increased poor PFS. However, patients with (high vs. normal) CA19-9 levels (HR = 0.524, P < 0.0001) and NSE levels (HR = 0.584, P < 0.0001) presented a decreased risk of PFS. Also, patients receiving 3-drugs regimen had better PFS compared to those on 2-drugs regimen (P = 0.043). Conclusions: The high levels of CYFRA21-1 was correlated with a poor prognostic factor of PFS for Advanced NSCLC patients. However, the high levels of CA19-9 and NSE were associated with a better prognostic factor of PFS. Additionally, smoking habits and tumor status had a poor prognostic factor of PFS. Moreover, we found that antiangiogenic therapy has high efficacy with first-line chemotherapy and longer PFS of NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abbas
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research and Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Said Abasse Kassim
- Centre de Recherche en Gestion des Services de Sante, Faculté des Sciences de L'administration (FSA), Université Laval (UL), Centre Hospitalière Universitaire (CHU) de Québec UL-IUCPQ-UL, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Murad Habib
- Department of Surgery, Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Xiaoyou Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research and Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meiqi Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research and Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhong-Chang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yiqiao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Drug R&D, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hai-Liang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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140
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Qi FF, Yang Y, Zhang H, Chen H. Long non-coding RNAs: Key regulators in oxaliplatin resistance of colorectal cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 128:110329. [PMID: 32502843 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed malignancies in the world with high relapse and mortality rates. Although oxaliplatin (OXA), a platinum-based anticancer drug, is widely used in CRC treatment, the resulting chemoresistance dramatically attenuates the drug efficacy and increases the failure rate of this therapy. Thus, the study on OXA-induced chemoresistance is extremely urgent. In recent years, emerging evidence has shown that lncRNAs play irreplaceable roles in drug resistance. However, we only have a limited knowledge of the lncRNAs that are closely related to oxaliplatin resistance in CRC. In present study, we identify and characterize these lncRNAs, including their functions, underlying mechanisms and possible applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Fang Qi
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China; Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Yunyao Yang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China; Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Haowen Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China; Queen Mary School, Medical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China
| | - Hongping Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Experimental Animals, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, PR China.
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141
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Luo H, Shen K, Li B, Li R, Wang Z, Xie Z. Clinical significance and diagnostic value of serum NSE, CEA, CA19-9, CA125 and CA242 levels in colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:742-750. [PMID: 32566000 PMCID: PMC7286116 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the value of combinations of five specific tumor biomarkers for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC): Neuron-specific enolase (NSE), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cancer antigen (CA)19-9, CA125 and CA242. Associations between these markers and clinicopathological characteristics (including the Tumor-Node-Metastasis stage) were also assessed. Serum levels of the 5 markers were compared between 358 patients with CRC and 298 healthy individuals (CRC and control group, respectively). The NSE concentration of the CRC group was significantly higher compared with the control. Furthermore, patients at clinical stage III+IV exhibited significantly higher NSE levels compared with those at stage I+II. The serum NSE level of N+ patients was significantly higher compared with the N− group, and the NSE level of M1 patients was significantly compared with the M0 group. NSE level was also significantly associated with tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and hematochezia. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for NSE in CRC was 0.766, which was significantly higher than that of the other four markers, which ranged from 0.560–0.682. The AUC of NSE, CEA, CA19-9, CA125, CA242 combined was significantly higher compared with any of the markers individually (range, 0.796–0.858). Therefore, serum NSE may be a good clinical tool for the auxiliary diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Besides, the combination of NSE, CEA, CA19-9, CA125 and CA242 was significantly more sensitive compared with NSE alone. Thus, the combined detection of the 5 tumor markers may be more useful for the diagnosis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Luo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Kexin Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Ruiqi Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Zeming Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Zhongshi Xie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
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Yu H, Ma L, Zhu Y, Li W, Ding L, Gao H. Significant diagnostic value of circulating tumour cells in colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:317-325. [PMID: 32565958 PMCID: PMC7285991 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumour cells (CTCs) have potential utility in various clinical applications for cancer management. The present study focused on evaluating the diagnostic role of CTCs in colorectal cancer (CRC). A total of 89 blood samples from 59 patients diagnosed with CRC and 30 healthy individuals were collected for CTC detection. The Cyttel method is an improved CTC detection strategy, which combines negative enrichment with immunofluorescence and fluorescence in situ hybridization. This method effectively detected a significant increase in total CTCs in patients with CRC (49/59) compared with those in healthy controls (3/30). A cut-off value of 2 CTCs/3.2 ml blood yielded a sensitivity of 83.05% and a specificity of 100%. Additionally, three traditional serum tumour markers, namely carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cancer antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and CA72-4, were examined by immunoassays. The diagnostic sensitivity of CTCs was much higher than that of CEA, CA19-9 and CA72-4 alone or in combination, particularly in patients with early stage CRC. The combined sensitivity of CTCs and CEA reached 91.53%, which was only slightly lower than the sensitivity of all four markers combined (CTCs + CEA + CA19-9 + CA72-4). CTCs with aneuploidy of chromosome 7 or 8 were carefully distinguished, and the associations among different types of CTCs, clinicopathological characteristics and overall survival were statistically analysed. Total CTCs were revealed to be significantly associated with tumour differentiation and nerve invasion. CTCs were more likely to be detected in poorly differentiated CRC tumours than in well- and moderately-differentiated tumours (P=0.026). Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, the present study was the first to report that CTCs with multiploidy of chromosome 7 were significantly associated with TNM stage. These CTCs exhibited a high chance of being identified in the peripheral blood of patients with late-stage CRC (stage III–IV; P=0.031). The present study suggests that the combination of CTCs and CEA may serve as an effective potential diagnostic and prognostic indicator in patients with CRC. Detection of CTCs with aneuploidy may have increased specificity in predicting highly malignant and invasive tumours in CRC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijiao Yu
- Department of Colorectal Tumour Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Ling Ma
- Department of Colorectal Tumour Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Yubing Zhu
- Department of Colorectal Tumour Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Wenxia Li
- Department of Colorectal Tumour Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Lei Ding
- Department of Colorectal Tumour Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Hong Gao
- Department of Colorectal Tumour Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
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Wan S, Tang Q, Feng D, Hu Z, Shao W, Chen Y. Epidemiology characteristics of ethnic minority colorectal cancer in Yunnan in Southwestern China. Transl Cancer Res 2020; 9:2692-2700. [PMID: 35117628 PMCID: PMC8799176 DOI: 10.21037/tcr.2020.02.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the world's deadliest cancers, and its mortality rate has been on the rise in China. Yunnan is a region with a higher concentration of ethnic minorities. CRC affects many people from ethnic minority groups, which differ from Han in terms of their age and gender compositions. METHODS We collected samples from 1,016 cases of CRC patients along with their case files at Yunnan Provincial Cancer Hospital from the period between January 2013 and December 2018. RESULTS In total, 7.1% (n=72) of all lung cancer cases diagnosed from 2013 to 2018 in Yunnan Provincial Cancer Hospital occurred in patients 40 years old or younger, 44% (n=447) were 40 to 60 years old, and 48.9% (n=497) were 60 years old or above. The composition ratio of CRC patients in the different age groups differed significantly and enhanced significantly with age, with a statistical significance of P<0.05. A total of 33.6% (n=38) of 113 minority patients and 16.8% (n=152) of 903 Han patients reported a history of smoking, and 23.0% (n=26) of 113 minority patients and 14.6% (n=132) of Han patients had a history of drinking. Long-term smoking and drinking are significantly associated with the incidence of CRC, and this was more significant among ethnic minorities (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The high incidence of CRC in Yunnan is strongly related to patients' lifestyles, and diet should be a core focus of efforts to prevent and treat CRC. Early screening and regular check for common tumor markers can also help to reduce the incidence of CRC and provide a basis for improvements in CRC treatment and prognosis in Yunnan.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qi Tang
- Second People's Hospital of Yunnan, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650031, China
| | - Daying Feng
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zaoxiu Hu
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Weiqing Shao
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yajuan Chen
- Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
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Mao J, Du P, Yang HT, Hu H, Wang SY, Wu X, Cheng ZB. Prognostic value of carbohydrate antigen125 and carcino embryonic antigen expression in patients with colorectal carcinoma and its guiding significance for chemotherapy. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e19420. [PMID: 32243362 PMCID: PMC7220750 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000019420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the predictive value of carbohydrate antigen125 (CA125) and carcino embryonic antigen (CEA) expression and its guiding role of choosing chemotherapy regimen in post-operation patients with colorectal carcinoma.The clinical data of all patients, including laboratory data and pathological data, were collected from the electronic medical records. Kaplan-Meier Log rank test, COX regression model and subgroup analyses were employed to assess the correlation between the expression of CA125 and CEA in patients with colorectal carcinoma and the survival, and the effect on chemotherapy efficacy.Kaplan-Meier showed that CA125 expression is negatively related to the progression-free survival (PFS) of the post-operative patients, Median PFS was 1140 days in the patients with high expression, and Median PFS was 1387 days in the patients with low expression (χ = 4.715, P = .030); CEA expression is also negatively associated with the PFS of the post-operative patients, Median PFS was 1197 days in the patients with high expression, and Median PFS was 1424 days in the patients with low expression (χ = 4.992, P = .025). Subgroup analysis also showed that the patients with normal CA125 and CEA had better prognosis, median PFS was 1505 days, and the patients with CA125 and (or) CEA high expression had poor prognosis and median PFS was 1162 days (χ = 13.346, P = .001), and found that there was no statistical difference in patients with oxaliplatin plus capecitabine (XELOX) and oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil and Calcium folinate (FOLFOX) chemotherapy in patients with CA125 and CEA low expression. However, in these patients with CA125 or (and) CEA high expression, the median PFS of patients treated with XELOX was 1082 days, and the median PFS of patients treated with FOLFOX chemotherapy was 1335 (χ = 4.547, P = .033).Expression of CA125 and CEA associated with the survival of patients, and have some guiding significance for chemotherapy in patients with colorectal cancer after operation; Compared with XELOX, FOLFOX chemotherapy is more effective for CA125 or (and) CEA high expression patients with colorectal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Mao
- The Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital
| | - Peng Du
- The Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital
| | - Han-teng Yang
- The Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital
| | - Huan Hu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Shi-Yao Wang
- Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xia Wu
- The Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital
| | - Zhi-Bin Cheng
- The Department of General Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital
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Fernandes E, Sores J, Cotton S, Peixoto A, Ferreira D, Freitas R, Reis CA, Santos LL, Ferreira JA. Esophageal, gastric and colorectal cancers: Looking beyond classical serological biomarkers towards glycoproteomics-assisted precision oncology. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:4903-4928. [PMID: 32308758 PMCID: PMC7163443 DOI: 10.7150/thno.42480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal (OC), gastric (GC) and colorectal (CRC) cancers are amongst the digestive track tumors with higher incidence and mortality due to significant molecular heterogeneity. This constitutes a major challenge for patients' management at different levels, including non-invasive detection of the disease, prognostication, therapy selection, patient's follow-up and the introduction of improved and safer therapeutics. Nevertheless, important milestones have been accomplished pursuing the goal of molecular-based precision oncology. Over the past five years, high-throughput technologies have been used to interrogate tumors of distinct clinicopathological natures, generating large-scale biological datasets (e.g. genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics). As a result, GC and CRC molecular subtypes have been established to assist patient stratification in the clinical settings. However, such molecular panels still require refinement and are yet to provide targetable biomarkers. In parallel, outstanding advances have been made regarding targeted therapeutics and immunotherapy, paving the way for improved patient care; nevertheless, important milestones towards treatment personalization and reduced off-target effects are also to be accomplished. Exploiting the cancer glycoproteome for unique molecular fingerprints generated by dramatic alterations in protein glycosylation may provide the necessary molecular rationale towards this end. Therefore, this review presents functional and clinical evidences supporting a reinvestigation of classical serological glycan biomarkers such as sialyl-Tn (STn) and sialyl-Lewis A (SLeA) antigens from a tumor glycoproteomics perspective. We anticipate that these glycobiomarkers that have so far been employed in non-invasive cancer prognostication may hold unexplored value for patients' management in precision oncology settings.
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Fantini M, David JM, Annunziata CM, Morelli MP, Arlen PM, Tsang KY. The Monoclonal Antibody NEO-201 Enhances Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity Against Tumor Cells Through Blockade of the Inhibitory CEACAM5/CEACAM1 Immune Checkpoint Pathway. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2020; 35:190-198. [PMID: 31928422 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2019.3141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Natural killer (NK) cells are essential to innate immunity and participate in cancer immune surveillance. Heterophilic interactions between carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) on tumor cells and carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) on NK cells inhibit NK cell cytotoxicity against tumor cells. NEO-201 is a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody that recognizes members of CEACAM family, expressed specifically on a variety of human carcinoma cell lines and tumor tissues. This investigation was designed to determine whether the binding of NEO-201 with CEACAM5 on tumor cells can block the CEACAM5/CEACAM1 interaction to restore antitumor cytotoxicity of NK cells. Materials and Methods: In vitro functional assays, using various human tumor cell lines as target cells and NK-92 cells as effectors, were conducted to assess the ability of NEO-201 to block the interaction between CEACAM5 on tumor cells and CEACAM1 on NK cells to enhance the in vitro killing of tumor cells by NK-92. NK-92 cells were used as a model of direct NK killing of tumor cells because they lack antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity activity. Results: Expression profiling revealed that various human carcinoma cell lines expressed different levels of CEACAM5+ and NEO-201+ cells. Addition of NEO-201 significantly enhanced NK-92 cell cytotoxicity against highly CEACAM5+/NEO-201+ expressing tumor cells, suggesting that its activity is correlated with the level of CEACAM5+/NEO-201+ expression. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that NEO-201 can block the interaction between CEACAM5 on tumor cells and CEACAM1 on NK cells to reverse CEACAM1-dependent inhibition of NK cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christina M Annunziata
- Women's Malignancy Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Maria Pia Morelli
- Women's Malignancy Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Rasmussen L, Nielsen HJ, Christensen IJ. Early Detection and Recurrence of Colorectal Adenomas by Combination of Eight Cancer-Associated Biomarkers in Plasma. Clin Exp Gastroenterol 2020; 13:273-284. [PMID: 32884322 PMCID: PMC7434628 DOI: 10.2147/ceg.s251633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Plasma levels of eight combined proteins have shown value as biomarkers for detection of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, their value in identifying colorectal adenoma needs further evaluation. The aim was to evaluate the eight proteins (AFP, CA19-9, CEA, CyFra21-1, Ferritin, Galectin-3, hs-CRP and TIMP-1) in detection of high-risk adenoma (HRA) and in prediction of recurrence of adenoma. Furthermore, the discrimination between HRA and low-risk adenoma (LRA) or CRC lesions was evaluated. METHODS The study included 4698 individuals undergoing diagnostic colonoscopy. Automated ELISA platforms were used in the determination of protein levels in samples collected just before colonoscopy. RESULTS Univariably, five proteins (AFP, CEA, CyFra21-1, hs-CRP and TIMP-1), respectively, significantly discriminated individuals with HRA from individuals with non-malignant findings. Multivariably, the combination of CEA and hs-CRP improved performance; AUC= 0.63 (sensitivity=0.19 at specificity=0.90). CyFra21-1, Ferritin and TIMP-1 demonstrated significant discrimination between individuals with HRA and LRA in univariable analyses, respectively. Performance was improved in multivariable analysis; AUC=0.61 (sensitivity=0.13 at specificity=0.90). Discrimination between individuals with colorectal adenomas and healthy individuals was significant for CA19-9, CEA, hs-CRP and TIMP-1, respectively, in univariable analyses. Multivariable analysis improved performance; AUC=0.63 (sensitivity=0.17 at specificity=0.90). All proteins except AFP demonstrated significant discrimination between individuals with HRA and CRC. Combination of CEA, CyFra21-1, Ferritin, hs-CRP and TIMP-1 in multivariable analysis improved discrimination; AUC=0.78 (sensitivity=0.34 at specificity=0.90). Association between plasma levels of any of the eight proteins and recurrence of colorectal adenomas after endoscopic removal could not be demonstrated. DISCUSSION The protein panel shows a promising potential in detection of colorectal adenomas in general, but specifically of HRA. However, improvements are needed for the panel to be valuable as a screening test. Finally, plasma levels of the eight proteins were not predictive of recurrence of colorectal adenomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Rasmussen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology 360, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre2650, Denmark
- Correspondence: Louise RasmussenDepartment of Surgical Gastroenterology 360, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre2650, Denmark Email
| | - Hans Jørgen Nielsen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology 360, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre2650, Denmark
| | - Ib Jarle Christensen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology 360, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre2650, Denmark
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ÜÇÜNCÜ MZ. Kolorektal Kanserlerin Tanı ve Prognostik Takibinde Eski ve Yeni Serum Biyobelirteçleri: Sistematik İnceleme ve Meta-Analiz. İSTANBUL GELIŞIM ÜNIVERSITESI SAĞLIK BILIMLERI DERGISI 2019. [DOI: 10.38079/igusabder.592956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Pang SW, Awi NJ, Armon S, Lim WWD, Low JSH, Peh KB, Peh SC, Teow SY. Current Update of Laboratory Molecular Diagnostics Advancement in Management of Colorectal Cancer (CRC). Diagnostics (Basel) 2019; 10:E9. [PMID: 31877940 PMCID: PMC7168209 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) continues to be one of the most common cancers globally. The incidence has increased in developing countries in the past few decades, this could be partly attributed to aging populations and unhealthy lifestyles. While the treatment of CRC has seen significant improvement since the advent of target-specific therapies and personalized medicine, CRC is oftentimes detected at late or advanced stages, thereby reducing the efficacy of treatment. Hence, screening for early detection is still the key to combat CRC and to increase overall survival (OS). Considering that the field of medical diagnostics is moving towards molecular diagnostics, CRC can now be effectively screened and diagnosed with high accuracy and sensitivity. Depending on the tumor genotype and genetic profile of the individual, personalized treatments including tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy and immunotherapy can be administered. Notably, there can be no one single treatment that is effective for all CRC patients due to the variation in tumor genetics, which highlights the importance of molecular diagnostics. This review provides insights on therapeutic modalities, molecular biomarkers, advancement of diagnostic technologies, and current challenges in managing CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siew-Wai Pang
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Healthcare and Medical Sciences, Sunway University, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Noel Jacques Awi
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Healthcare and Medical Sciences, Sunway University, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Subasri Armon
- Pathology Department, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur 50588, Malaysia
| | - Wendy Wan-Dee Lim
- Sunway Medical Centre, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - John Seng-Hooi Low
- Sunway Medical Centre, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Kaik-Boo Peh
- Mahkota Medical Centre, Mahkota Melaka, Jalan Merdeka, Melaka 75000, Malaysia
| | - Suat-Cheng Peh
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Healthcare and Medical Sciences, Sunway University, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
- Sunway Medical Centre, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Sin-Yeang Teow
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Healthcare and Medical Sciences, Sunway University, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
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Hu Z, Tan S, Chen S, Qin S, Chen H, Qin S, Huang Z, Zhou F, Qin X. Diagnostic value of hematological parameters platelet to lymphocyte ratio and hemoglobin to platelet ratio in patients with colon cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 501:48-52. [PMID: 31809747 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed to retrospectively analyze the value of the hematological parameter platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and hemoglobin to platelet ratio (HPR) in patients with colon cancer. METHODS The hematological parameters and clinical data of 354 cases patients with colon cancer, 108 cases patients with benign colon tumors and 123 healthy controls were collected from our hospital electronic medical records. RESULTS Compared with the colon benign tumor group and the healthy control group, the colon cancer group had an increased PLR value and a decreased HPR value. The correlation between the clinicopathological features and the laboratory parameters of colon cancer patients was analyzed, and the results showed that both PLR and HPR were associated with tumor invasion and tumor size. Compared with PLR (AUC = 0.725, 95%CI: 0.682-0.765), HPR (AUC = 0.752, 95%CI: 0.710-0.790) or carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (AUC = 0.710, 95%CI: 0.666-0.751) used alone, the combination with PLR and CEA (AUC = 0.790, 95%CI: 0.750-0.826) or with HPR and CEA (AUC = 0.814, 95%CI: 0.775-0.848) can improve specificity and produce greater AUC in differentiating colon cancer from benign colon cancer. CONCLUSION Combined application of PLR, HPR, and CEA may improve the diagnostic efficacy of distinguishing between colon cancer and benign colon tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuojian Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Shaolin Tan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Shanzi Qin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Huaping Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Simeng Qin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhili Huang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Fengyuan Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xue Qin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China.
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